Engineering Commons^™

Laser Levelling Land For Flood Irrigation, M D. Green, J. P. Middlemas

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Since the introduction of laser levelling to Western Australia's South-West irrigation area five years ago, many farmers have benefited from this new and precise method of land-forming.

The use of lasser controlled earthmoving equipment to redevelop irrigated paddocks has led to improved irrigation efficiency and drainage. Less water is used for each irrigation, water is applied more evenly and less labour is needed. many older, grass-dominated paddocks have been reseeded to improve pasture species.

Salinity Control In Northern China, G A. Robertson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

China has vast areas of saline land, perhaps as much as six million hectares. Some of this saline land is a result of marine influence in coastal areas and some is the resultof soil formation in areas with saline geological deposits and inadequate rainfall to leach out the salts at that time.

However, most saline soils in China are as a result of secondary salinisation processess induced by a hydrological imbalance resulting from over-clearing of the land or irrigation. This imbalance has produced rising watertables bringing the salt closer to the soil surface.

In this article, G..A. Robertson, Commissioner …

Response Of Lithographic Mask Structures To Repetitively Pulsed X-Rays: Thermal Stress Analysis, A. Ballantyne, H.A. Hyman, Clive L. Dym, R.C. Southworth

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

This paper examines the effects of thermal loading and time history upon the thermal stresses developed in lithographic mask structures as would be expected under irradiation by intense soft x rays. The objective of this work was to examine the phenomenology of the interaction and to evaluate the limits placed upon mask dosage. The mechanics of mask failure are examined in terms of single pulse and cumulative, or fatigue, effects. A number of prototypical mask structures are investigated, which show that the application of intense pulsed sources to x‐ray lithography does not reduce the potential utility of the techique. However, …

Response Of Lithographic Mask Structures To Repetitively Pulsed X-Rays: Dynamic Response, Clive L. Dym, A. Ballantyne

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

This paper addresses the issue of the dynamic response of thin lithographic mask structures to thermally induced stress fields. In particular, the impact of repetitively pulsed x‐ray sources are examined: the short duration (1–100 nsec) pulses induce large step changes in mask temperatures, which can, in turn, induce a dynamic response. The impact of conductive cooling of the mask is to reduce the repetitively pulsed problem to a series of isolated nearly identical thermal impulses of duration approximately equal to the cooling time. The importance of self‐weight and prestress is examined, and an analysis of the nonlinear dynamic response to …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 27 Number 3, Winter 1985, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

2 - WHEN ARE LEADERS AT THEIR BEST? By James M. Kouzes and Barry Z. Posner. There is a revolution in leadership style taking place in corporate America. This deals with how ordinary people get extraordinary things done in organizations.

7 - A MEDITATION IN ST. IVES By William J. Rewak, S.J. Some reflections on the essence of work taken from Father Rewak's travel diary during a trip to England last summer.

10 - TAKING LAUGHTER SERIOUSLY By John Morreall. A philosophy professor shows how important humor is to human life and how understanding our laughter can help us understand …

Improved Catchments For Farm Dams, I A F Laing

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The amounts and frequency of runoff from unimproved farmland catchments in Western Australia's cereal and sheep districts are notoriously variable and unreliable. As a result many farmers have constructed improved catchments to ensure better reliability of farm dams for livestock and homestead water supplies.

Improved catchments which are used extensively on these farms are all of the compacted or bare-earth type. These include roaded catchments, flat batter dams and, to a lesser extent, scraped catchments. This article mainly discusses roaded catchments, the most common of the improved catchment types on farms.

Dam Site Selection In The North-Eastern Wheatbelt, J L. Frith

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Western Australia's wheatbelt farm dams are dug three to eight metres deep and are generally sited in soils which either are inherently impermeable or can be made so during construction.

In the eastern and north-eastern wheatbelt, however, only a small proportion of the soils meets these criteria. Dam site selection in these areas therefore depends on a good knowledge ofwhich soils aresuitable and on our being able to locate them efficiently by using surface indications such as surface soil, natural vegetation or topographic features.

Drought Proofing The Farm : Case Studies, J L. Frith

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

For many years, Western Australia's north-eastern wheatbelthas suffered chronic shortages of water for stock and domestic use. The area's averageannual rainfall is generally low - less than 300 millimetres - and droughts in the 1970s caused futher problems. manydams in the area leak or have inadequate catchmentsand groundwater is scarce ormofmpoor quality.

In March 982, the Western Australian Government provided $100 000 for the Department of agriculture to demonstrate the potential of establishing permanent, drought-proof water supplies on farms in the north-eastern wheatbelt. The methods were to use exixting techniques to build dams and catchments. In a year of low …

Plasma Polymerization Investigated By The Substrate Temperature Dependence., H. Yasuda, Cheng Wang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the reported experiments, plasma polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), perfluoro-2-butyl-tetrahydrofuran (PFBTHF), ethylene, and styrene were investigated in various combinations of monomer flow rates and discharge wattages for the substrate temperature range of minus 50 to 80 degree C. The polymer deposition rates can be generally expressed by k//o equals Ae** minus **b**t, where k//o is the specific deposition rate given by k//o equals (deposition rate)/(mass flow rate of monomer), A is the preexponential factor representing the extrapolated value of k//o at zero absolute temperature, and b is the temperature-dependence coefficient. It was found that the value of b is not …

A Study Of Trihalomethane Precursors In Deer Creek Reservoir, Megan J. White, V. Dean Adams

Reports

Deer Creek Reservoir and tributaries were monitored from May to December 1983 in a study of the occurrence of trihalomethane (THM) precursors in the reservoir and nutrient dynamics of the reservoir system. Microcosms were used to study the effect of the following parameters on THM precursor production in the reservoir system: phosphorus loading, sediment, algal growth, and application of algicide. Additionally, THM precursor concentrations of interstitial water were analyzed in reservoir and microcosm sediment samples. Microcosms treated with ahigh phosphorus loading (70 ug/1) had THM precursor concentrations significantly higher than those measured in microcosms treated with a low phosphorus loading …

Development Of Design Criteria For Sensitizer Photooxidation Treatment Systems, Richard J. Watts, V. Dean Adams, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

Sensitized photooxidation is a physicochemical process that can degrade many toxic and refractory organic pollutants. A trace quantity of sensitizer added to the waste absorbs visible light; electronically excited intermediates then transfer the energy to decompose the waste. Engeineering design criteria were developed for industrial waste treatment lagoons that would use sensitized photooxidation. Design criteria were developed regarding optimum lagoon pH, optimum sensitizer concentration, depth and sizing of lagoons, dissolved oxygen requirements, and effect of temperature on photooxidation rate. Treatment of the refractory pesticides bromacil, terbacil, and fluometuron was investigated using methylene blue and riboflavin as sensitizers. Methylene blue-sensitized photooxidation …

Preliminary Identification, Analysis, And Classification Of Odor-Causing Mechanisms Influenced By Decreasing Salinity Of The Great Salt Lake, C. Earl Israelsen, Darwin L. Sorensen, Alberta J. Seierstad, Charlotte Brennard

Reports

Introduction: The rising level of the Great Salt Lake has received a great deal of attention because of the resulting physical damage to adjoining properties, threatened distruption of major transportation facilities, and environmental damage to feeding and resting areas for migratory waterfowl. Another problem of growing concern is that some zones of the lake are producing odors that are objectionable to nearby populated areas. These odors are most offensive during the warm summer months and appear to be increasing with the rising levels and decreasing salinity of the lake water. This report presents the approach taken and the findings of …

Water Education Grades K-6, Donald R. Daugs, C. Earl Israelsen

Reports

Preface: Water Activites for Elementary Children is based upon the assumption that children learn best by doing. In education, and especilly in science, talking is not necessarily teaching. The most desireable types of learning involve direct, first hand experience, not just a teacher's interpretation of these experiences. This set of learning experiences has been designed for teachers, teachers-in-training, and children, Each concept includes background information for the teacher and learning activities for the children. Lessons are designed so taht a teacher can successfully teach a unit or lession with a minimum of knowledge, preparation, and equipmnet. Most of the suggested …

Water Well Pump Efficiency Monitor Units, Calvin G. Clyde, Duard S. Woffinden, Graeme Duncan

Reports

Indroduction: As the costs for pumping municipal, industrial and irrigation water rise, owners and the public area giving increased attention to energy conservation. One way to conserve energy is to operate water pumps at or near peak efficiency. The measurement of pump efficiency usually requires a special test equipment, a skilled operator and time to perform the test. Owners may find it more economical to waste power than to monitor for inefficiencies. One way to help change this situation is to develop inexpensive equipment for unskilled people to use to obtain rapid measurements of pump efficiency under typical operating conditions. …

Methodology Report: Updating The Estimation Of Water Surface Elevation Probabilities And Associated Damages For Great Salt Lake , David S. Bowles, L. Douglas James, D. George Chadwick, Ronald V. Canfield, Norman Stauffer

Reports

No abstract provided.

Delineation Of Landslide, Flash Flood, And Debris Flow Hazards In Utah, David S. Bowles

Reports

During 1982, 1983, and 1984, abnormally wet conditions in Utah triggered flash floods, landslides, and debris flows. Pore pressures built in hillside soils below melting snows and during prolonged periods of rainfall until the mass suddenly gave way, sometimes as a landslide and other times as a non-Newtonian debris flow that moved rapidly long distances down mountain slopes until finally stiffened by moisture loss or velocity loss because of flatter gradients. Also, runoff from heavy rainfall bursts picked up weathered and other loose material that accumulated on land surfaces over long dry periods . The sediment laden waters flowed out …

A Methodology For Estimating Instream Flow Values For Recreation, Parvaneh Amirfathi, Rangesan Narayanan, A. Bruce Bishop, Dean Larson

Reports

Water flowing in streams has value for various types of recreationists and is essential for fish and wildlife. Since water demdns for offstream uses in the arid west have been steadily increasing, increasing instream flows to enhance the recreational experience might be in conflict with established withdrawals for uses such as agriculture, industries, and households. Since market prices are not observable for instream flows, the estimation of economic value of instream flow would present well known difficulties. The household production function theory was used to build the theoretical model to measure economic value of instream flow. A representative sample of …

Optimal Configuration Of Regional Water Supply Systems (Wasopt2) , Mohamed L. Al-Eryani, Trevor C. Hughes

Reports

Any water supply system can be conceptualized as consisting of three componenets--source development facilities (including treatment), transmission facilities, and a distribution network. The scope of this report is limited to the first two--the source related facilities upstream from the distribution network. In the mathematical modeling of regional rural systems, the number of variables, and hence the size of the model, increases rapidly as the number of system componenets and their alternative designs increase. Regardless of the method of solution, manual preparation of large models is cumbersome and is vulnerable to human error both in the computations of the matrix coefficients …

Nebraska Summary: S002 Deutz-Allis 7145, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S112 S.A.M.E Laser 100vdt, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Identification And Modeling The Impact Of Marine Shale Bedrock On Groundwater And Stream Salinity: Upper Colorado River Basin, Christopher J. Duffy, Jerome J. Jurinak, Sanjay Sangani, Ali Azimi

Reports

Recent studies have shown that groundwater is a major contributor to stream salinity in the Upper Colorado River Basin. The primary salt sources are the marine shales and shale residuum that underlie the soils of much of the basin. A field site in the Price River Basin, a tributary to the Green and Colorado Rivers, was selected to study the physical and chemical factors that control the interactions between groundwater and these shales. Preliminary data were available at the site as a result of a Bureau of Reclamation study conducted by CH2M Hill. On the basis of the CH2M Hill …

Problems Of Small Privately Operated Water Companies In Utah, Jay M. Bagley, Frank W. Haws

Reports

Although one in seven domestic water supply systems in Utah are privately owned and operated, they are characteristically small with 94 percent serving populations of less than 1,000. Per capita costs of service vary greatly but become relatively high for locations that are remote, where terrain and climate are extreme, where scale economies are absent, and where materials and skills for system repair and replacement are not locally available. Statistics indicate that the incidence of water quality violations relate strongly to system size. Yet corrections are often more difficult to achieve because well trained and full time operators cannot be …

Computer Aided Simulation Of A Heating, Ventilating, And Air Conditioning System In A Building, Sunil Shrikrishna Kulkarni

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The Godwin Life Science Building on the Old Dominion University campus presents an interesting problem in terms of energy conservation. The building is the maximum energy resource consumer on the campus, having a criterion value of 234 KBtu/sq.ft-year (2657 MJoules/sq. rneter-year). A Simplified Energy Analysis Method (ASEAM) loads and systems computer program was used to simulate the building and its heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) plant in order to understand the building's high annual energy resource consumption rate, and to devise ways to overcome it. The main goal was to assess and propose energy conservation improvements to the existing …

Impacts Of Robotics And Flexible Manufacturing Technologies On Manufacturing Costs And Employment, Steven M. Miller

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The issues analyzed in this paper are the extent to which unit costs and production labor requirements might be reduced in manufacturing industries if there is more widespread use of industrial robots and flexible systems. The analysis is reported in detail in Miller (1983). These issues are analyzed from two different perspectives. The technological focus of the first perspective is narrowly confined to the use of robotic manipulators. It is assumed that robotic manipulators will be “retrofitted” into existing production facilities without making major changes in the organization of production within the factory, other than modifying individual work stations so …

Water Supplies : Dams And Roaded Catchments, W J. Burdass, T. R. Negus, A. L. Prout, I. A. F. Laing

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Western Australia's Upper and Lower Great Southern statistical areas include most of the broad-scale agricultural land south of a line from Perth to Hyden. Much of the area is well-developed and carries 13.4 million sheep, 203 00 cattle and 95 000 pigs, almost half the State's livestock.

There are few natural rivers and lakes to water livestock in summer and much of the bore water is salty. On-farm waterr conservation, therefore, consits mainly of excavated earth tanks (dams) which are filled by surface runoff or shallow seepage. In the drier areas and in the sandplain roaded catchments have neen built …

Nebraska Summary: S006 Deutz-Allis 6275, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S005 Deutz-Allis 6265, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Nebraska Summary: S054 Ford 8210, Nebraska Tractor Test Lab

Nebraska Tractor Tests

ABOUT THE TEST REPORT AND USE OF THE DATA The test data contained in this report are a tabulation of the results of a series of tests. Due to the restricted format of these pages, only a limited amount of data and not all of the tractor specifications are included. The full OECD report contains usually about 30 pages of data and specifications. The test data were obtained for each tractor under similar conditions and therefore, provide a means of comparison of performance based on a limited set of reported data. EXPLANATION OF THE TEST PROCEDURES Purpose The purpose of …

Water Education ... With Emphasis On Deer Creek Reservoir - Provo River Drainage Area (Grades 5-8), Donald R. Daugs, C. Earl Israelsen, Mardell C. Parrish

Reports

Introduction: The major goals of this publication are to: * promote an awareness of the importance of water resources associated with the target watershed; * provide teachers with learning resources which are easily used in the classroom or in the field; and * provide teachers with teaching materials which help satisfy State Core Standards.

Assessment Of Control Alternatives For The Great Salt Lake, L. Douglas James, David S. Bowles

Reports

Introduction: Over the last few years, the rising level of the Great Salt Lake has changed Utah. It has inundated vast waterfowl feeding areas, crippled the salt industry, required raising transcontinental freeways and railroads, threatened metropolitan waste treatment plants, caused a major electrical outage, and damaged many properties. If nothing is done, approximately $3.6 billion of damages in 1985 dollars can be expected by 2050 (James et al, 1985, p.4). This threat led the State Legislature to set aside $100 million (an amount approximating the damages that had then occurred) in January 1985 to identify, select, and implement remedial measures. …