Engineering Commons^™

Artificial Intelligence Applications For Social Science Research, Megan Stubbs-Richardson, Lauren Brown, Mackenzie Paul, Devon Brenner

SSRC Publications

Our team developed a database of 250 Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications useful for social science research. To be included in our database, the AI tool had to be useful for: 1) literature reviews, summaries, or writing, 2) data collection, analysis, or visualizations, or 3) research dissemination. In the database, we provide a name, description, and links to each of the AI tools that were current at the time of publication on September 29, 2023. Supporting links were provided when an AI tool was found using other databases. To help users evaluate the potential usefulness of each tool, we documented information …

Acoustophoresis Around An Elastic Scatterer In A Standing Wave Field, Khemraj Gautam Kshetri, Nitesh Nama

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Acoustofluidic systems often employ prefabricated acoustic scatterers that perturb the imposed acoustic field to realize the acoustophoresis of immersed microparticles. We present a numerical study to investigate the timeaveraged streaming and radiation force fields around a scatterer. Based on the streaming and radiation force field, we obtain the trajectories of the immersed microparticles with varying sizes and identify a critical transition size at which the motion of immersed microparticles in the vicinity of a prefabricated scatterer shifts from being streaming dominated to radiation dominated. We consider a range of acoustic frequencies to reveal that the critical transition size decreases with …

Me-Em Enewsbrief, September 2023, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering eNewsBrief

No abstract provided.

Optimal Temperature-Actuated Control Of A Thermally-Insulated Roller Blind, Hani Alkhatib, Philippe Lemarchand, Brian Norton, Dominic O'Sullivan

Articles

By altering the thermal equilibria between internal and ambient environments, dynamic insulation can minimize heating and cooling building energy requirements. The performance of a thermally-insulated roller blind was evaluated both experimentally and via simulation studies. The variation of blind position was optimized to minimize building energy consumption, maintain thermal comfort, and minimize daylight discomfort for a particular system, location and conditions. The roller blind was adjusted between four positions, from fully-open to fully-closed, optimal indoor temperature switching thresholds found for moving to these blind positions were 15 °C, 18.4 °C, 19.4 °C and 21.4 °C, respectively. Using these resulted in …

Switching Methods For Three-Dimensional Rotational Dynamics Using Modified Rodrigues Parameters, Matthew Jarrett Banks

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A rigid body in space has three degrees of rotational freedom. As a result, a minimum of three independent parameters is required to define the three-dimensional orientation of a rigid body. As is well known, every set of three independent parameters has at least one orientation where mathematical or geometrical singularities are encountered; therefore, when the use of a three-parameter representation is desired, a method for singularity avoidance must also be considered. A common practice for singularity avoidance is to switch between parameter sets whose singularities occur at different orientations. With this in mind, modified Rodrigues parameters (MRP) are considered …

Aquaculture In Hydropower Reservoirs, Racheal Macharia

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

There is an undoubtedly existing relationship between water, energy, and food and their interaction with the natural environment and mankind. Climate change is the talk of the day in global development discussions as it intensifies water shortages, energy, poverty, food shortages, and environmental degradation. Currently, most of the hydropower dams constructed in Africa are majorly built to store water for agricultural purposes, control flooding, and generate electricity. Notable projects include the seven forks hydropower stations located on the Tana River in Kenya; Aswan high dam in Egypt; Grand Renaissance dam in Ethiopia; Kariba dam in Zimbabwe and Akosombo in Ghana. …

Hydrophobicity Optimization Of Cathode Catalyst Layer For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Hao-Jie Chen, Mei-Hua Tang, Sheng-Li Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Hydrophobicity of the cathode catalyst layers (CCLs) crucially determines the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) by affecting the transports of oxygen and liquid water. In this regard, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is usually used as a hydrophobic additive to facilitate the oxygen and water transports in CCLs. So far, there remains lacking systematic effort to optimize the addition methods of PTFE in CCLs and the mechanisms behind. In this work, the effects of the approaches for PTFE addition and the distribution of PTFE on the mass transport of oxygen and the proton conduction in CCLs were studied by using …

Asymmetric Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces For High-Performance Rechargeable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries, Jia Chou, Ya-Hui Wang, Wen-Peng Wang, Sen Xin, Yu-Guo Guo

Journal of Electrochemistry

With a high cell-level specific energy and a low cost, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has been intensively studied as one of the most promising candidates for competing the next-generation energy storage campaign. Currently, the practical use of Li-S battery is hindered by the rapidly declined storage performance during battery operation, as caused by irreversible loss of electroactive sulfide species at the cathode, dendrite formation at the anode and parasitic reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface due to unfavorable cathode-anode crosstalk. In this perspective, we propose to stabilize the Li-S electrochemistry, and improve the storage performance of battery by designing asymmetric electrode-electrolyte interfaces …

Dependence Of Heat Transfer Model On The Structure Of Electrically Coil-Heated Microelectrodes, Ju Li, Sen Yang, Jian-Jun Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrically heated microelectrodes have gained much attention in electroanalytical chemistry in recent years. It has been shown that the promotion of mass transport and reaction kinetics at high-temperatures often results in increased current signals. However, there is no study about the heat transfer inner the microelectrodes which is necessary for the design and operation for microsensors. This report introduces a finite element software (COMSOL) to analyze the factors that influence the surface temperature (T_s), which is crucial for the heating ability of micro-disk electrodes with coils. Distances between the electrode surface and the bottom of the heated copper …

Review Paper: Low Salinity Water Injection For Enhanced Oil Recovery, Mahmoud Ali, Moamen Talaat, Abd El-Rahman Rashwan

The Undergraduate Research Journal

Low salinity water injection (LSWI) is one of the leading techniques in terms of enhancing oil recovery in sandstone and carbonate formations. Many studies and lab experiments were performed on the LSWI applications. Some studies have pointed out multiple negative observations, while other studies have shown the positive potential of using LSWI in enhancing oil recovery. However, the technology used in LSWI applications is still considered new and more studies need to be performed to figure out new technologies that are low-cost and more efficient. This review paper examines LSWI by analyzing the benefits and drawbacks of employing LSWI in …

Stomatal Opening Efficiency Is Controlled By Cell Wall Organization In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Sedighe Keynia, Leila Jaafar, You Zhou, Charles T. Anderson, Joseph A. Turner

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Stomatal function in plants is regulated by the nanoscale architecture of the cell wall and turgor pressure, which together control stomatal pore size to facilitate gas exchange and photosynthesis. The mechanical properties of the cell wall and cell geometry are critical determinants of stomatal dynamics. However, the specific biomechanical functions of wall constituents, for example, cellulose and pectins, and their impact on the work required to open or close the stomatal pore are unclear. Here, we use nanoindentation in normal and lateral directions, computational modeling, and microscopic imaging of cells from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to investigate the precise …

Me-Em Enewsbrief, June 2023, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering eNewsBrief

No abstract provided.

Quantifying Temperature-, Pressure-, And Nuclear Quantum Effects On Hydrophobic And Hydrophilic Water-Mediated Interactions, Justin T. Engstler

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Water-mediated interactions (WMIs) are responsible for diverse processes in aqueous solutions, including protein folding and nanoparticle aggregation. WMI may be affected by changes in temperature and pressure, and hence, they can alter chemical/physical processes that occur in aqueous environments. Traditionally, attention has been focused on hydrophobic interactions while, in comparison, the role of hydrophilic and hybrid (hydrophobic–hydrophilic) interactions have been mostly overlooked. Here, we study the role of T and P on the WMI between nanoscale (i) hydrophobic–hydrophobic, (ii) hydrophilic–hydrophilic, and (iii) hydrophilic–hydrophobic pairs of (hydroxylated/non-hydroxylated) graphene-based surfaces. We find that hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and hybrid interactions are all sensitive to …

Investigating The Rheological Behavior Of A Simple Yield Stress Fluid Under Shear Flows, Francesco Accetta

Theses

Many soft materials display unique and complex rheological behavior characterized by a transition from a solid-like to a fluid-like state upon the application of a force that exceeds the threshold to flow, known as the yield stress. Yield stress fluids are found in a wide range of commonly encountered materials including microgels, emulsions, and foams, and have been widely studied by rheologists over the last several decades. Carbopol is a popular polymeric microgel system as it displays simple, non-thixotropic rheological behavior and is typically seen as an ideal yield stress fluid. Previous research has demonstrated the reproducible behavior of shear …

Effect Of Amine Additives On Thermal Runaway Inhibition Of Sic||Ncm811 Batteries, Bo-Wen Hou, Long He, Xu-Ning Feng, Wei-Feng Zhang, Li Wang, Xiang-Ming He

Journal of Electrochemistry

The high energy density of NCM batteries with high nickel content is a key advantage in replacing fossil fuels and promoting clean energy development, at the same time, is also a fundamental cause of serious safety hazards in batteries. Primary and secondary amines can lead to ring-opening polymerization of common ethylene carbonate electrolytes, resulting in an isolation layer between the cathode and the anode, and improving the thermal safety of the battery. In this work, the safety of batteries is considered both at the material level and at the cell level, based on the chemical reactions between amines and the …

Effects Of Traps On Photo-Induced Interfacial Charge Transfer Of Ag-Tio2: Photoelectrochemical, Electrochemical And Spectroscopic Characterizations, Zhi-Hao Liang, Jia-Zheng Wang, Dan Wang, Jian-Zhang Zhou, De-Yin Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

In the field of metal-semiconductor composites based plasmon-mediated chemical reactions, a clear and in-depth understanding of charge transfer and recombination mechanisms is crucial for improving plasmonic photocatalytic efficiency. However, the plasmonic photocatalytic reactions at the solid-liquid interface of the electrochemical systems involve complex processes with multiple elementary steps, multiple time scales, and multiple controlling factors. Herein, the combination of photoelectrochemical and electrochemical as well as spectroscopic characterizations has been successfully used to study the effects of traps on the photo-induced interfacial charge transfer of silver-titanium dioxide (Ag-TiO₂). The results show that the increase of surface hydroxyl groups may …

Synthesis And Evaluation Of Organic Additives For Copper Electroplating Of Interconnects, Yue-Hui Zhai, Yi-Xiao Peng, Yan Hong, Yuan-Ming Chen, Guo-Yun Zhou, Wei He, Peng-Ju Wang, Xian-Ming Chen, Chong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Copper interconnects are essential to the functionality, performance, power efficiency, reliability, and fabrication yield of electronic devices. They are widely found in chips, packaging substrates and printed circuit boards, and are often produced by copper electroplating in an acidic aqueous solution. Organic additives play a decisive role in regulating copper deposition to fill microgrooves, and micro-vias to form fine lines and interlayer interconnects. Generally, an additive package consists of three components (brightener, suppressor, and leveler), which have a synergistic effect of super-filling on electroplating copper when the concentration ratio is appropriate. Many works of literature have discussed the mechanism of …

Nanoscale Modeling Of Membrane Systems Under Mechanical Deformation In Traumatic Brain Injury Using Molecular Dynamics, Anh Thi Ngoc Vo

Theses and Dissertations

Neuronal membrane disruption and mechanoporation are nanoscale damage mechanisms that critically affect brain cell viability during traumatic brain injury (TBI). These nanoscale cellular impairments are elusive in experiments and necessitate in silico approaches such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Implementing MD, this research aims to investigate the effects of different key factors related to membrane deformation and damage, including force field resolutions, lipid compositions, and loading conditions.

To examine the impact of force field resolution, MD deformation simulations were conducted on 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) lipid bilayer membranes, using all-atom (AA), united-atom (UA), and coarse-grained Martini (CG-M) force fields. The mechanical responses …

Influence Of Forming Forces On Torsional, Tensile, And Compressive Deformation Of Paperboard Packages, Arvo Niini, Panu Tanninen, Juha Varis, Ville Leminen

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Paperboard packages were tested mechanically to investigate influence of forming forces on torsional, tensile, and compressive deformation. The packages were paperboard trays which were press formed with different pressing forces and blank holder forces. Deformation of the trays was observed with torsion, compression, and tensile tests. A statistical analysis of test results was conducted to derive optimal forming forces. Increased pressing force yielded desirable deformation characteristics with the trays. Blank holder force had largest impact on the compressive deformation. Interaction of the pressing force and the blank holder force influenced the torsional and the compressive deformation. The optimal forming forces …

Machine Learning Based Average Pressure Coefficient Prediction For Isolated High-Rise Buildings, Shiva Sai Reddy Marapakala

ETD Archive

In structural design, the distribution of wind-induced pressure exerted on structures is crucial. The pressure distribution for a particular building is often determined by scale model tests in boundary layer wind tunnels (BLWTs). For all combinations of interesting building shapes and wind factors, experiments with BLWTs must be done. Resource or physical testing restrictions may limit the acquisition of needed data because this procedure might be time-and resource-intensive. Finding a trustworthy method to cyber-enhance data-collecting operations in BLWTs is therefore sought.

This research analyzes how machine learning approaches may improve traditional BLWT modeling to increase the information obtained from tests …

Development, Experimental Validation, And Progressive Failure Modeling Of An Ultra-Thin High Stiffness Deployable Composite Boom For In-Space Applications, Jimesh D. Bhagatji

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

To maximize the capabilities of nano- and micro-class satellites, which are limited by their size, weight, and power, advancements in deployable mechanisms with a high deployable surface area to packaging volume ratio are necessary. Without progress in understanding the mechanics of high-strain materials and structures, the development of compact deployable mechanisms for this class of satellites would be difficult. This research focuses on fabrication, experimental testing, and progressive failure modelling to study the deformation of an ultra-thin composite beam. The research study examines deformation modes of a boom under repetitive pure bending loads using 4-point bending setup. The material and …

Design And Development Of Transition Metal-Based Electrocatalysts For Environmentally Friendly And Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reactions (Her), Navid Attarzadeh

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Hydrogen fuel is a clean energy source primarily because it emits no carbon dioxide (CO2). Sustainable energy alternatives have attracted the scientific community and policymakers as concerns over global warming and depletion of fossil fuels have increased significantly. Substituting H2 gas as a primary source for our daily energy consumption under the guideline of the hydrogen economy concept has not progressed as anticipated because of inadequate efficiency associated with the generation (electrolyzer) and utilization (fuel cell) devices. However, there are challenges associated with hydrogen that must be overcome for it to become a truly sustainable and widespread energy source. The …

Studies On Atomic And Molecular Properties Using Locally Scaled And Perdew-Zunger Self-Interaction Corrected Density Functional Approximations, Philip Adeniyi Oyedele

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This thesis examines some properties of atoms and molecules using one-electron self-interaction-correction (SIC) methods such as the Perdew-Zunger SIC (PZSIC) and the locally scaled SIC method of Zope and coworkers within the Fermi-Lowdin SIC formal- ism. The accuracy of electron density is examined by comparing moments of the den- sity, ⟨r^n⟩ = ∫ ρ(r)rndτ = ∫ ∞ 0 4πr2ρ(r)rndr (n = −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3) with the corresponding available values from the Coupled cluster (CC) singles, doubles, and perturbative triples (CCSD(T)) method. Three test sets are considered: boron through neon neutral atoms, two and four electron cations, and …

Multiscale Modeling And Gaussian Process Regression For Applications In Composite Materials, Joshua Arp

All Dissertations

An ongoing challenge in advanced materials design is the development of accurate multiscale models that consider uncertainty while establishing a link between knowledge or information about constituent materials to overall composite properties. Successful models can accurately predict composite properties, reducing the high financial and labor costs associated with experimental determination and accelerating material innovation. Whereas early pioneers in micromechanics developed simplistic theoretical models to map these relationships, modern advances in computer technology have enabled detailed simulators capable of accurately predicting complex and multiscale phenomena.

This work advances domain knowledge via two means: firstly, through the development of high-fidelity, physics-based finite …

Double Cantilever Beam Mode-I Testing Validation In Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing Carbon Composite, Luis Alfonso Camacho

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Testing for mechanical properties for additive manufacturing has been based on already existing standards for traditional manufacturing methods. For composites in large scale additive manufacturing there is a research gap in bond strength and fracture toughness for a single layer interface. By using Double cantilever beam Mode I, this thesis manuscript validates testing parameters and protocols to describe the intricacies of ABS matrix 20 wt.% carbon filled composite, specifically on the layer-to-layer interface. Studies suggest that fracture toughness is sensitive to process parameters, like deflection speed and sharpened crack tip at the layer interface of BAAM 3D printed part and …

Electrochemical Approaches To Life-Support Resources In Space Missions And Nuclear Technologies: Hydrogen Peroxide And Uranium Films, Armando Manuel Pena-Duarte

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Space race has developed several technological advances that have achieved and continue to achieve the success of space missions in the aerospace timeline. Currently, the number of space technical and scientific innovations is still growing––demanding new materials and developments for extreme performing applications of fuel cells, batteries, supercapacitors, and systems of nuclear energy. Space missions require life-support solutions, auto-sustainable closed-loop living environments, cleaning and sanitizing solutions against pathogens, and safe nuclear-based resources of energy––with fissile materials with well-controlled dimensions within the core fuel elements. Likewise, to guarantee safety conditions, reduce costs, and facilitate operational logistics, space missions must reduce their …

Characterization Of Mechanically Recycled Polylactic Acid (Pla) Filament For 3d-Printing By Evaluating Mechanical, Thermal, And Chemical Properties And Process Performance, Mahsa Shabani Samghabady

All Theses

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biopolymer made from renewable resources such as sugar and corn. PLA filament is a popular material used in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D-printing. While this material has many advantages, all the failed parts, support structures, rafts, nozzle tests, and the many prototype iterations during the 3D-printing process contribute to the plastic pollution and release of greenhouse gases. Although PLA is biodegradable, it can take years to degrade in landfills. Instead of throwing away PLA waste and buying new filaments, PLA can be recycled. Amongst the different recycling technologies, mechanical recycling is the most environmentally friendly. …

Development And Characterization Of Lead & Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cell Materials, Rubaiya Murshed

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In recent years, perovskite photovoltaic technology has offered enormous viability and dimensionality in solar cell research. As a light-harvesting active layer, Perovskite generated remarkable development in device efficiency of 25.7% for the single-junction solar cell, and over 33% for the perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell. Also, perovskite-perovskite tandem solar cell (also called all-perovskite tandem solar cell) shows great potential in device performance and achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.4%. Transitioning photovoltaic technology from the laboratory to commercial products, high PCE, low cost, long lifetime, and low toxicity are some of the critical factors to consider during material selection. Pb-halide …

Theoretical And Experimental Study Of Active Magnetic Bearing Control Integrated On Bently's Rotor Kit, Arturo Mario Flores

Master's Theses

This thesis focuses on the comprehensive study of controlling a customized Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) installed on Bently Nevada’s RK4 rotor kit in Cal Poly’s Vibrations and Rotordynamics Lab. The AMB was uniquely designed and manufactured by a Cal Poly senior project team to fit Bently’s rotor kit and the results of this research are distinctive to the custom system. To achieve practical functionality of the AMB system, we designed a controller a Virtual Instrument (VI) using the National Instrument software, LabVIEW. From the experimental study, we calibrated the programming to find unknown parameters of the AMB system and validated …

Mechanical Properties Of Biocomposite With Various Composition Of Caco3 And Starch, Agris Setiawan, Fransisca Diana Wahyuningsih, Riria Zendy Mirahati

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Calcium carbonate has the potential to be used in the development of medical materials, including biomaterials. Biocomposite is composed of CaCO3 as matrix material and bioplastic from the combination of corn starch and cassava starch as reinforcement. This study aims to determine mechanical properties such as tensile strength and bending/flexural strength with varying compositions of CaCO3 and bioplastic. Characterization of the biocomposite uses Scanning Electron Microscope to observe the microstructure and composition elements of their structure. This study used 4 variations in the ratio of CaCO3 suspension: (Corn Starch + Cassava Starch). Each sample was characterized using specimen code A …