Engineering Commons^™

Automated Sensing Methods In Soft Stretchable Sensors For Soft Robotic Gripper, Prosenjit Kumar Ghosh

Electrical Engineering Theses

A soft robot is made from deformable and flexible materials such as silicone, rubber, polymers, etc. Soft robotics is a rapidly evolving field where the human-robot-interaction and bio-inspired design align. The physical characteristics such as highly deformable material and dexterity make soft robots widely applicable. A soft robotic gripper is a robotic hand that acts like a human hand and grasps any object. The most common applications of soft robotics grippers are gripping and locomotion in sensitive applications where high dynamic and sensitivity are essential. Nowadays, soft robotics grippers are used without any sensing method and feedback as it is …

Computational Design Of Fiber-Optic Probes For Biosensing, Suwarna Karna

Electrical Engineering Theses

This thesis presents a study on the optical characteristics of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs) with a band gap cladding structure and their applications in optical fiber sensing. This 800B HC-PCF exhibited excellent optical properties and has a flexible structure, which makes them suitable for a wide range of industrial applications. Finite element simulations and structural optimization designs were conducted using the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique to determine the optimal performance parameters of the 800B HC-PCF. The fiber was further modified using the SPR technique to improve its practical detection capabilities. The performance of the modified fiber was observed …

Effect On 360 Degree Video Streaming With Caching And Without Caching, Md Milon Uddin

Electrical Engineering Theses

People all around the world are becoming more and more accustomed to watching 360-degree videos, which offer a way to experience virtual reality. While watching videos, it enables users to view video scenes from any perspective. To reduce bandwidth costs and provide the video with less latency, 360-degree video caching at the edge server may be a smart option. A hypothetical 360-degree video streaming system can partition popular video materials into tiles that are cached at the edge server. This study uses the Least Recently Used (LRU) and Least Frequently Used (LFU) algorithms to accomplish video caching and suggest a …

Wearable Sensors For Plants, Nafize Ishtiaque Hossain

Electrical Engineering Theses

This thesis reports PlantFit: a research and development project that is intended to develop wearable sensors for plants. Plants are responsible for providing food, fiber, fuel, and fodder to the society. To overcome the problem of a limited land base, a more efficient farming approach needs to be developed, and thus precision farming is required. Precision farming would entail personalized healthcare in plants. When the plant is under any stress, the productivity declines. Plants release phytohormones, also known as early responders, in response to these stressors. The key crop phytohormones that respond to environmental stresses include salicylic acid (SA), indole-3-acetic …

An Integrated Electronic-Skin Patch For Real-Time And Continuous Monitoring Of A Panel Of Biomarkers Combined With Drug Delivery, Tanzila Noushin

Electrical Engineering Theses

Inflammatory biomarkers present in the human body play a vital role in medical field by guiding the clinician in decision-making for many diseases. The levels of these inflammatory biomarkers are associated with the severity and progress of several diseases. Researchers have found that increasing severity of many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, after surgery infection, and adverse clinical outcomes due to infectious diseases, results in the elevation of the level of inflammatory biomarkers in human sweat. Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokines indicate the pathophysiology and prognosis of critically ill SARS‑CoV‑2 patients. In this thesis work, different sensors have been developed for …

Assessment Of Cardiorespiratory Interactions During Life Threatening Events In Preterm Infants Using Point Process And Bivariate Algorithms, Mohammed T. Alenazi

Electrical Engineering Theses

Cardiorespiratory interactions considered as an important indicator of neurodevelopment of preterm infants. The strength of cardiorespiratory interactions are presumed to be weak and rapidly fluctuating. The current signal processing algorithms are insufficient to capture such time varying weak interactions. In addition, detection of these interactions becomes difficult during life threatening events due to lack of information available due to apnea (absence of output from respiratory system) and the transient temporal destabilization of cardiac system due to bradycardia. To detect the cardiorespiratory interactions, a point process algorithm of cardiac system with respiration as covariates is proposed. The bivariate model is embedded …

A Real-Time Internet Of Things (Iot) Based Affective Framework For Monitoring Emotions In Infants, Alhagie Sallah

Electrical Engineering Theses

An increase in the number of working parents has led to a higher demand for remotely monitoring activities of babies through baby monitors. The baby monitors vary from simple audio and video monitoring frameworks to advance applications where we can integrate sensors for tracking vital signs such as heart rate, respiratory rate monitoring. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of devices where each device can is recognizable in the network. The IoT node is a sensor or device, which primarily functions as a data acquisition unit. The data acquired through the IoT nodes are wirelessly transmitted to the …

Analysis And Tests For A Hybrid Model Created From Classical Taguchi And Goal Post Manufacturing Loss Models, Prajwal Bhandari

Electrical Engineering Theses

We present an analysis of the previously proposed “modified quadratic” loss function. This loss model integrates elements from both Classical Taguchi and Goal Post manufacturing loss models. Specifically, the analyzed hybrid model follows the Taguchi loss quadratic dependence between the upper and lower manufacturing specification limits. On the other hand, outside of these limits, the loss rule is in agreement with the Goal Post Model. Supported by the results of analysis contained herein the Taguchi-Hybrid model does not overestimate the loss as is inherent to the classical Taguchi model. Also, the proposed Taguchi Hybrid model does not ignore deviations from …

Point Process Algorithm For The Estimation Of Bi-Directional Cardiorespiratory Interactions In Preterm Infants, Selorm Darkey

Electrical Engineering Theses

Cardiorespiratory interactions tend to be frail in the early stages of life, necessitating the further analysis of their existence since this could turn out to be a significant factor in assessing the neurodevelopment of neonates. Strength of cardio-respiratory interactions are presumed to be weak and rapidly fluctuating in neonates. Even with the extensive significant research that have been dedicated to early human development there still isn’t a standard or specific technique to analyze these weak cardio-respiratory fluctuating characteristics in neonates. We employ a mathematical technique that’s based on series of tools that have been outstanding in measurement of significant cardio-respiratory …

Modernization Of Laboratory Curriculum For The Undergraduate Digital Systems Course, Brolyne H. Onyango

Electrical Engineering Theses

We introduce a novel hybrid approach to modernize the curriculum for the Digital Systems course, using traditional circuit construction, simulation software and implementation of circuits using reconfigurable logic. The NI Multisim circuit simulation software and a Digilent Basys-3 board are utilized. Students will use a breadboard and chips to construct basic combinational circuits using logic gates. Next, they will use the NI Multisim to build and simulate circuits that are difficult to build physically. Finally, an FPGA board will be utilized to implement the most complex circuits. Typically, the use of FPGA technology requires knowledge of HDL, which is considered …

Smart-Detect: An Iot Based Monitoring System For Oil Leak Detection, Youssef Mohamed Baiji

Electrical Engineering Theses

In the past couple of years, the oil and gas industry is aiming to reduce it’s day-to-day costs due to reasons such as reduction in oil prices, mass overproduction and so on. This has the Oil and Gas industries aiming for innovative ways to reduce costs and minimize nonproductive time. In order to accomplish this goal, oil companies need to improve and control measurements with more reliable but relatively cheaper systems. One of the methods is using Internet-of-Things (IoT) based monitoring systems which can help in remote monitoring. IoT is offering better solutions for oil and gas companies to reduce …

Extraction Of Vital Signs Using Real Time Video Analysis For Neonatal Monitoring, Bhushan Lohani

Electrical Engineering Theses

Video data is now commonly used for analysis in surveillance, security, medical and many other fields. The development of low cost but high-quality portable cameras has contributed significantly to this trend. One such trend includes non-invasive vital statistics monitoring of infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). National Center for Health Statistics Publications has reported a high infant death rate (23,215 in 2014). This statistic has drawn the interest of health system professionals. Due to occurrence of conditions like bradycardia, apnea and hypoxia, these preterm infants are kept in an NICU for constant monitoring. One of the problems faced at …

An Investigation Of The Possibilities Of Room-Scale Wireless Power Transfer, Karuna Adhikari

Electrical Engineering Theses

Inspired by original work of Nikola Tesla in resonant inductive coupling, numerous investigations are going on making wireless power transfer (WPT) application an optimum choice for various fields. By implementing the concept of non-radiative magnetically-coupled resonant circuits, it has been found that wireless power transmission is achievable at room-scale. This thesis investigates various aspects of the possibilities of room-scale wireless power transfer. Firstly, following the background of WPT systems, MATLAB-coil design, calculation of mutual inductances and Excel-calculation of WPT system performance in multi-resonator systems design tools for WPT systems are discussed for estimating the performance of numerous WPT resonator networks …

Digital Enhancement Of Analog Measurement Systems For Temperature Compensation Of Strain Gages, Islombek Karimov

Electrical Engineering Theses

Generally known temperature compensation techniques for strain gages (like the use of a dummy gage or the implementation of half- and full-bridge configurations) are not applicable to all strain-measurement situations and cannot fully compensate for all sources of error. Digital Enhancement of Analog Measurement Systems presents a universal method of corrections for these effects in which temperature is measured independently of other variables and ex post facto corrections are computed and applied to digitized readings of the analog measurement system.

A single, linear-pattern strain gage, self-temperature-compensated for steel 1018, has been utilized in a quarter-bridge to measure tensile strain in …

Real-Time Detection Of Cravings In Individuals With Substance Abuse Using Wearable Biosensors And Machine Learning, Keerthi Kumar Chintha

Electrical Engineering Theses

Deaths in the US have drastically increased over the past decade due to addictive behaviors and drugs. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 1 in 20 adults between the age of 15 and 64 years are addicted to at least one illicit drug; globally, 29 million people are suffering from drug use disorder. The addiction of narcotics alters a person’s primary function as well as critical areas of the brain due to multiple reasons like genetics, hereditary, stress or pressure, and mental health conditions. It not only affects an individual but also their families. Intensive research has been launched …

Assessment Of Risk In Preterm Infants Using Point Process And Machine Learning Approaches, Venkata Naga Sai Apurupa Amperayani

Electrical Engineering Theses

Preemies, infants who are born too soon, have a higher incidence of Life-Threatening Events (LTE’s) such as apnea (cessation of breathing), bradycardia (slowing of heart rate) and hypoxemia (oxygen desaturation) also termed as ABD (Apnea, Bradycardia, and Desaturation) events. Clinicians at Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) are facing the demanding task of assessing the risk of infants based on their physiological signals. The aim of this thesis is to develop a risk stratification algorithm using a machine-learning framework with the features related to pathological fluctuations derived from point process model that will be embedded into the current physiological recording system …

Detecting Suicide Risk From Wristworn Activity Tracker Data Using Machine Learning Approaches, Pallavi Atluri

Electrical Engineering Theses

Suicide is a prevalent cause of death worldwide and depression is a primary concern of many suicidal acts. It is possible that an individual during depression never has any suicidal thoughts at all. On the other hand, some individuals in stable condition with no apparent symptoms of depression feel urges to commit suicide (suicidal ideation). Many such individuals never let anyone know what they are feeling or planning. Suicidal ideation considered an important precursor to suicidal acts.

Detecting the suicide risk in individuals with mood disorders is a major challenge. The current clinical practice to assess suicide risk in these …

Impacts Of Power System-Tied Distributed Generation On The Performance Of Protection Systems, Terver T. Maor

Electrical Engineering Theses

The dispersed integration of smaller power units in the existing utility grid is the new trend. This is largely due to changes in the power generation and distribution markets. The combination of rising cost of new construction, deregulations and improved newer power equipment technologies suitable for deferred expansions make the new trend very attractive to power companies and independent investors. Until recently, other contributions to power distribution systems from such sources as standby units were considered negligible and therefore unaccounted for during the design and operation of power systems. This view has drastically changed, largely due to the increasing penetration …

Design And Simulation Of An 8-Bit Successive Approximation Register Charge-Redistribution Analog-To-Digital Converter, Sumit K. Verma

Electrical Engineering Theses

The thesis initially investigates the history of the monolithic ADCs. The next chapter explores the different types of ADCs available in the market today. Next, the operation of a 4-bit SAR ADC has been studied. Based on this analysis, an 8-bit charge-redistribution SAR ADC has been designed and simulated with Multisim (National Instruments, Austin, TX). The design is divided into different blocks which are individually implemented and tested. Level-1 SPICE MOSFET models representative of 5μm devices were used wherever individual MOSFETs were used in the design. Finally, the power dissipation during the conversion period was also estimated. The supply voltage …

Implementation And Performance Analysis Of Long Term Evolution Using Software Defined Radio, Kedar Bhusal

Electrical Engineering Theses

The overwhelming changes in the field of communication brought about need for high data rates, which led to the development of a system known as Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE made good use of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (OFDMA) in its downlink and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (SCFDMA) in its uplink transmission because of their robust performance. These multiple access techniques are the major focus of study in this thesis, with their implementation in the LTE system.

GNU Radio is a software Defined Radio (SDR) platform. It comprises of C++ signal processing libraries. For user simplicity, it …

An Exact Analysis For Four-Order Acousto-Optic Bragg Diffraction Which Incorporates Both Incident Light Angle And Sound Frequency Dependencies, Adeyinka Sunday Ademola

Electrical Engineering Theses

This thesis extends the prior work which produced an exact solution to the four-order acousto-optic (AO) Bragg cell with assumed fixed center frequency and with exact Bragg angle incident light. The extension predicts the model that incorporates the dependencies of both the input angle of light and the sound frequency. Specifically, a generalized 4^th order linear differential equation (DE), is developed from a simultaneous analysis of four coupled AO system of DEs. Through standard methods, the characteristic roots, which requires solving a quartic equation, is produced. Subsequently, a derived system of homogeneous solutions, which absorbs the roots obtained using …

Virtual Electronics Laboratory For Visualized Education And Training, Sreelatha Aihloor Subramanyam

Electrical Engineering Theses

On-line education is utilized extensively and has been found to be effective in a multitude of subject areas, including engineering education. However, for on-line education to be fully effective in engineering education, a means must be developed to provide on-line students with laboratory experiences that achieve the same learning outcomes as face-to-face laboratories. To address this need, a pilot computer program, Project VELVET (Virtual Electronics Laboratory for Visualized Education and Training), for a virtual electronics laboratory is being developed. VELVET operates on Windows-based computers in a real-time environment. It presents to its user a virtual breadboard into which components may …

Automatic License Plate Recognition Using Deep Learning Techniques, Naga Surya Sandeep Angara

Electrical Engineering Theses

Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) systems capture a vehicles license plate and recognize the license number and other required information from the captured image. ALPR systems have number of significant applications: law enforcement, public safety agencies, toll gate systems, etc. The goal of these systems is to recognize the characters and state on the license plate with high accuracy. ALPR has been implemented using various techniques. Traditional recognition methods use handcrafted features for obtaining features from the image. Unlike conventional methods, deep learning techniques automatically select features and are one of the game changing technologies in the field of computer …

Implementation Of Compressive Sensing Algorithms On Arm Cortex Processor And Fpgas, Dinesh Veeramachaneni

Electrical Engineering Theses

Nowadays, communication systems require huge amounts of data to be processed. Some examples of these systems include radar systems, video streaming, and many other multimedia applications. These systems require large amounts of bandwidth to satisfy the Nyquist rate. Compressive Sensing is proposed as a way to reduce their bandwidth requirements. Compressive Sensing algorithms are generally implemented at the receiver to reconstruct the original signal from a reduced set of samples. This methodology eliminates data which is relatively insignificant. It possesses the potential to eliminate the use of large bandwidth, cost effective matched filters, and high-frequency analog-todigital converters at the receiver …

Fast Semivariogram Computation Using Fpga Architectures, Yamuna Sri Lagadapati

Electrical Engineering Theses

The semivariogram is a statistical measure of the spatial distribution of data, and is based on Markov Random Fields (MRFs). Semivariogram analysis is a computationally intensive algorithm that has typically seen applications in the geosciences and remote sensing areas. Recently, applications in the area of medical imaging have been investigated, resulting in the need for efficient real time implementation of the algorithm. A semi-variance, Î(h), is defined as the half of the expected squared differences of pixel values between any two data locations with a lag distance of h. Due to the need to examine each pair of pixels in …

Stochastic Assessment Of Bone Fragility In Human Lumbar Spine, Rajeshwar Rao Pinninti

Electrical Engineering Theses

Osteoporotic fractures are a vital public health concern and create a great economic burden for our society. It is estimated that more than 2 million fractures occur in the United States at a cost of $17 billion each year. Deterioration of microarchitecture of trabecular bone is considered as a major contributor to bone fragility. Current clinical imaging modalities such as Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) are not able to describe bone microarchitecture due to their low resolution. The main objective of this study was to obtain the relationship between stochastic parameters calculated from bone mineral density (BMD) maps of DXA scans …

Midrange Magnetically-Coupled Resonant Circuit Wireless Power Transfer, Varun Nagoorkar

Electrical Engineering Theses

Recent years have seen numerous efforts to make wireless power transfer (WPT) feasible for application in diverse fields, from low-power domestic applications and medical applications to high-power industrial applications and electrical vehicles (EVs). As a result, it has been found that WPT by means of non-radiative magnetically-coupled resonant circuits is an optimum method for mid-range applications where the separation of source and receiver is in the range of 1-2m.This thesis investigates various aspects of the design of magnetically-coupled resonant circuits for non-radiative WPT. Firstly, a basic four-coil network for a mid-range (1-2m gap) WPT system with a single power source …

Pmu-Based Adaptive Central Protection Unit (Cpu) For Power Systems With High Dg Penetration, Pooria Mohammadi

Electrical Engineering Theses

The rapid expansion and integration of Distributed Generations (DG) into power systems plays an increasingly important role in their planning, operation, and control. The rules used to design and operate current systems are being altered by the DGs incorporation. This may jeopardize the system's reliability and security. Private owners of large DGs should not be restricted to a particular time schedule to connect/disconnect their generation to/from the system. This feature dynamically changes the typical power system with unidirectional power flow from generation to the loads. A smart Central Protection Unit (CPU) is needed to take proper measures in case of …

Analysis Of Dynamic Logic Circuits In Deep Submicron Cmos Technologies, Rahul C. Muppasani

Electrical Engineering Theses

Dynamic logic circuits are utilized to minimize the delay in the critical path of high-performance designs such as the datapath circuits in state-of-the-art microprocessors. However, as integrated circuits (ICs) scale to the very deep submicron (VDSM) regime, dynamic logic becomes susceptible to a variety of failure modes due to decreasing noise margins and increasing leakage currents. The objective of this thesis is to characterize the performance of dynamic logic circuits in VDSM technologies and to evaluate various design strategies to mitigate the effects of leakage currents and small noise margins.

Design Of A 2.4 Ghz Horizontally Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Rectangular And Circular Directors And Reflectors, Yosef Yilak Woldeamanuel

Electrical Engineering Theses

In the urban or indoor wireless environment, after a complicated multiple reflection or scattering effect, the polarization of the propagating radio waves may change significantly. Although many current wireless systems are vertically polarized it has been predicted that using horizontally polarized antenna at both the transmitter and receiver has many advantages. In this thesis, new designs are proposed to develop a horizontally polarized microstrip patch antennas for 2.4 GHz applications using directors and reflectors to guide the radiated power. The radiation characteristics of these designs with respect to various geometrical parameters such as the dimensions of the reflector and directors, …