Engineering Commons^™

Introduction To Rfid Technology And Collision Problem, Masoud Shakiba

Masoud Shakiba

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system is a new communication technology to identify the objects using electromagnetic waves. The main superiority of RFID systems in comparison with other identification systems, such as barcodes, is its ability in simultaneous identification process, but when more than one tag wants to communicate with the reader, collision problem occurs and wastes time and increases energy consumption. This reduces efficiency of the identification process in RFID systems. Collision problem happens when the reader has to identify more than one tag at the same time. Consequently, it is essential to develop an efficient anti-collision algorithm to save …

Fault Identification For Transmission Lines Using Wavelet Transform, Almoataz Youssef Abdelaziz

Almoataz Youssef Abdelaziz

This paper presents an algorithm to determine the fault type on transmission line based on wavelet transformation analysis. The algorithm is developed by analyzing the three phase currents (Ia, Ib and Ic) using Wavelet Transformation, and then start to study the faulted phase(s) at different location (each 5% of the transmission line (TL) length). Fault simulation is carried out by EMTDC/PSCAD program. Two seconds window of waveform covering pre-fault and post-fault is used. The discrete wavelet transforms (DWTs) are used for data pre-processing. Four types of mother wavelet are used for signal processing to identify the effective wavelet family that …

Computer Aided Pronunciation Learning For Al-Jabari Method: A Review, Noor Jamaliah Ibrahim, Mohd Yamani Idna Idris, Zulkifli Mohd Yusoff

Noor Jamaliah Ibrahim

Speech processing for Quranic Arabic has been carried out, and has been such an active field of research, since a few years ago. We propose in this paper, a review that focuses on the use and on the potential of automatic speech recognition (ASR) computer-based technology to supporting Quranic learning processes. Thus, the aspects of Computer-Aided Pronunciation Learning (CAPL) will be discussed, focus towards the implementation on Quranic learning of Al-Jabari method. We believe this method is a fast, efficient method of learning, as well as a practical way of learning Al-Quran using ICT tools. The advantages and drawbacks of …

Advancement Of The Software Defined Radio (Sdr) For The Open Orbiter Project, Michael Wegerson, Jeremy Straub, Sima Noghanian, Ronald Marsh

Jeremy Straub

Software Defined Radios (SDRs) are an exciting development in radio technology. The SDR uses software to perform many of the tasks that only hardware could previously complete on a traditional analog radio. Such tasks include encoding/decoding or applying filters to reduce noise on the signal. This powerful fusion of software and hardware have allowed SDR to be smaller in size and have a greater functionality than traditional radio setups; a perfect solution for our Open Orbiter satellite. Currently, the implementation we use consists of a simple $20 USB TV decoder for receiving, a Raspberry Pi micro-computer for transmission, and the …

Openorbiter Ground Station Software, Alexander Lewis, Jacob Huhn, Jeremy Straub, Travis Desell, Scott Kerlin

Jeremy Straub

The OpenOrbiter Small Spacecraft Development Initiative[1] at the University of North Dakota is working to design and build a low cost[2] and open-hardware / opensource software CubeSat[3]. The Ground Station is the user interface for operators of the satellite. The ground station software must manage spacecraft communications, track its orbital location , manage task assignment, provide security and retrieve the data from the spacecraft. This will be presented via a graphical user interface that allows a user to easily perform these tasks.

Evolution Of The Software Defined Radio (Sdr) For The Open Orbiter Project, Michael Wegerson, Jeremy Straub, Sima Noghanian

Jeremy Straub

Software Defined Radios (SDRs) are an exciting development in radio technology. The SDR uses software to perform many of the tasks that only hardware could previously complete on a traditional analog radio. Such tasks include encoding/decoding or applying filters to reduce noise on the signal. This powerful fusion of software and hardware have allowed SDR to be smaller in size and have a greater functionality than traditional radio setups; a perfect solution for our Open Orbiter satellite. Currently, the implementation we use consists of a simple $20 USB TV decoder for receiving, a Raspberry Pi micro-computer for transmission, and the …

Frictions Collaborative Creation Of Knowledge Vs. Practices In Trade And Commerce: The Example Of Open Hardware, Peter Troxler, Dannie Jost

Dannie Jost

In the first part of this article – frictions – we elaborate on the shift from hierarchical to lateral, networked structures in various fields. Specifically, we address the fields of software, content, design, electronics, manufacturing, and services. In all these fields we find various types of frictions between new structures and approaches and traditional ways of working with intellectual assets. Such frictions are valuable aids to understanding the shifts that are happening in society and they pinpoint areas where new practices are needed or are already under development.

In the second part – open hardware at CERN – we focus …

Correlation Between Energy Distribution Profile And Lev El Of Consciousness, D. K. Chaturvedi Dr.

D. K. Chaturvedi Dr.

The purpose of this experimental study was to determine the energy levels corresponding to the different focal points (Chakras or centers) of the body, which is related with consciousness. In this experiment, the energy level is measured at four different centers, namely, the navel center, the heart center, the throat center and the eye center of the Human beings. The measurements have been taken using Energy Measurement System (EMS) developed at Department of Electrical Engineering, Dayalbagh Education Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, India, which works on the principle of tissue resistance of body. The probe was placed at different centers and subsequent …

Modified Incremental Conductance Algorithm For Photovoltaic System Under Partial Shading Conditions And Load Variation, Saad Mekhilef

Saad Mekhilef

Under partial shading conditions, multiple peaks are observed in the power–voltage (P–V ) characteristic curve of a photovoltaic (PV) array, and the conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms may fail to track the global maximum power point (GMPP). Therefore, this paper proposes a modified incremental conductance (Inc Cond) algorithm that is able to track the GMPP under partial shading conditions and load variation. A novel algorithm is introduced to modulate the duty cycle of the dc–dc converter in order to ensure fast MPPT process. Simulation and hardware implementation are carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm …

Long-Term Wind Speed Forecasting And General Pattern Recognition Using Neural Networks, Saad Mekhilef

Saad Mekhilef

Long-term forecasting of wind speed has become a research hot spot in many different areas such as restructured electricity markets, energy management, and wind farm optimal design. However, wind energy with unstable and intermittent characteristics entails establishing accurate predicted data to avoid inefficient and less reliable results. The proposed study in this paper may provide a solution regarding the long-term wind speed forecast in order to solve the earlier-mentioned problems. For this purpose, two fundamentally different approaches, the statistical and the neural network-based approaches, have been developed to predict hourly wind speed data of the subsequent year. The novelty of …

Performance And Stability Assessment Of Future Grid Scenarios For The Australian Nem, Hesamoddin Marzooghi Mr., David J. Hill Prof., Gregor Verbic Dr.

Hesamoddin Marzooghi

Shifting towards higher penetration of diverse renewable energy sources (RESs) in power systems is motivated mainly by reducing carbon emissions. In the long term of several decades, which we refer to in terms of the future grid (FG), balancing between supply and demand will become more challenging. Also, displacing conventional generators with RESs, especially inverter-based and intermittent RESs, could have significant effects on performance and stability of FGs. So far, FG feasibility studies have mostly considered simple balancing, but largely neglected network related issues such as line overload and stability. The main contribution of this paper is to present a …

Performance And Stability Assessment Of Future Grid Scenarios For The Australian Nem, Hesamoddin Marzooghi Mr., David J. Hill Prof., Gregor Verbic Dr.

Hesamoddin Marzooghi

Shifting towards higher penetration of diverse renewable energy sources (RESs) in power systems is motivated mainly by reducing carbon emissions. In the long term of several decades, which we refer to in terms of the future grid (FG), balancing between supply and demand will become more challenging. Also, displacing conventional generators with RESs, especially inverter-based and intermittent RESs, could have significant effects on performance and stability of FGs. So far, FG feasibility studies have mostly considered simple balancing, but largely neglected network related issues such as line overload and stability. The main contribution of this paper is to present a …

The Sun Also Rises: Prospects For Solar District Heating In The United States, Adam L. Reed, John S. Mccartney

Kevin L Doran

Renewable thermal energy remains a largely untapped resource in the United States, despite its low costs and growing popularity in many other countries and the pressing need to rapidly deploy and scale carbon-free energy sources in order to mitigate anthropogenic climate change. In this article, an energy attorney and a civil engineer collaborate to examine the prospects in the United States for solar district heating (SDH), a thermal technology that leverages economies of scale to provide zero-carbon, round-the-clock space and water heating (on average, the two largest components of building energy demand) to neighborhoods and commercial zones at costs competitive …

A Ripple Current Minimisation Based Single Phase Pwm Inverter, Khairy F. A. Sayed Dr

Khairy F. A. Sayed Dr

This paper is aimed at improving the output voltage waveform of a single phase PWM inverter. Two approaches is proposed, the first approach is based on selected harmonic elimination (SHE) of order up to 7th harmonic, for minimising harmonic distortion and modulating amplitude of the fundamental component of the output voltage waveform. For the first time, the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA) is used for determining the switching angles of the inverter switches. The second approach is based on ripple current minimisation using LMA. A simulation model is developed using PSIM for the inverter to verify the proposed approaches. An experimental system …

Discrete-Time Hypersonic Flight Control Based On Extreme Learning Machine, Bin Xu

Bin Xu

This paper describes the neural controller design for the longitudinal dynamics of a generic hypersonic flight vehicle (HFV). The dynamics are transformed into the strict-feedback form. Considering the uncertainty, the neural controller is constructed based on the single-hidden layer feedforward network (SLFN). The hidden node parameters are modified using extreme learning machine (ELM) by assigning random values. Instead of using online sequential learning algorithm (OSLA), the output weight is updated based on the Lyapunov synthesis approach to guarantee the stability of closed-loop system. By estimating the bound of output weight vector, a novel back-stepping design is presented where less online …