Engineering Commons^™

Synthesis Of Epoxy Monoethanolamide From Bauhinia Monandra Seed Oil, Adewale Adewuyi, Rotimi A. Oderinde

Makara Journal of Technology

In this study, we synthesized epoxidised monoethanolamide (EMA) from Bauhinia monandra seed oil (BMO) via a simple reaction route. In this process, BMO was transesterified to obtain a mixture of methyl esters, which was subjected to a urea adduct complexation reaction. The unsaturated methyl esters (BME) from the urea adduct complexation reaction were then epoxidised using performic acid produced in situ in a one-pot reaction system. The epoxidised methyl esters were converted to EMA by reacting them with monoethanolamine (1:10). The progression of the reaction was monitored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the …

Ethylene Carbonate And Polyethylene Glycol As Efficient Plasticizers In Cmc-Pva-Nh4no3-Based Polymer Electrolyte, Noor Saadiah Mohd Ali, Yuki Nagao, Ahmad Salihin Samsudin

Makara Journal of Technology

This study investigated the influence of plasticizers (polyethylene glycol [PEG] and ethylene carbonate [EC]) on the ionic conduction of CMC-PVA-NH4NO3. Blended biopolymer electrolytes (BBEs) based on carboxymethyl cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol (CMC-PVA) doped with ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) were obtained via casting solution technique incorporated with PEG and EC, which acted as plasticizers. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was conducted to evaluate the effect of plasticization on the ionic conduction properties. The ionic conductivity improved from 1.70 × 10−3 S/cm for un-plasticized BBEs to 3.92 × 10−3 S/cm for plasticized BBEs with EC and 3.00 × 10−3 S/cm for plasticized BBEs with PEG. The …

Current Status Of Hydrothermal Treatment For Energy And Material Recovery Toward A Sustainable Post-Consumer Material Cycle, Baskoro Lokahita, Muhammad Aziz, Fumitake Takahashi

Makara Journal of Technology

The demand for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly municipal solid waste (MSW) processing has increased in developing countries. The thermochemical process offers a fast and reliable solution to reutilize or reduce the volume of MSW. Hydrothermal treatment is a novel MSW treatment technology that is compatible with high-moisture-content feedstock. It involves the thermal degradation of MSW in pressurized water or steam, which promotes the disintegration of cellulosic and polymer materials. Recent advances have shown effective MSW conversion into homogenous solid hydrochar with higher energy density. Alkali and chlorine content, which causes issues in combustors, was successfully removed due to the washing …

Liquefaction Potential Analysis Based On Nonlinear Ground Response On The Coastline Of Bengkulu City, Indonesia, Lindung Zalbuin Mase

Makara Journal of Technology

This paper presents the study of the seismic response and liquefaction potential of the coastal area of Bengkulu City during the September 2007 Sumatra earthquake. The study is conducted by collecting site investigation data (standard penetration test) and applying input motion to observe soil response. Synthetic ground motion is generated by considering the important aspects of earthquakes, including focal depth, epicenter, earthquake source, and site classification. The synthetized ground motion is then used as the input motion in the seismic response analysis. The results of this analysis are spectral acceleration and peak ground acceleration at each depth. The resulting spectral …

Comparison Of Phytoremediation And Filtration For Diamond-Mine-Tailings Water Treatment, M. Hafidhuddin Noor, Mijani Rahman, Akhmad Gazali, Nia Kania, Aulia Rahma, Erdina L.A. Rampun, Amalia E. Pratiwi, Muthia Elma

Makara Journal of Technology

The water pollution caused by diamond mine activities can kill aquatic life. In this work, we used phytoremediation and filtration to treat pond water polluted by the tailings of a diamond mine located in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Einchhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) was utilized as the biomass for the phytoremediation process. Gravel (10–15 mm) and sand (0.1–1 mm) were used as filter media in the simple filtration setup, using an up-flow system (bottom to top). In the experiment, 16 L of diamond tailing water was poured into five phytoremediation reactors (each 60 L in volume), which were then tested over seven …

Fatigue Damage Assessment Of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Using Integrated Dynamic Testing And Simulation, Jamadin Adiza

Student Works (2020-2029)

Assessment of existing fatigued structures is an important aspect of civil engineering infrastructure. This is critical in most loaded civil engineering structures such as bridges that are constantly subjected to dynamic loading, causing fatigue in the materials over time. Bridge deck slabs are one of the most structural elements susceptible to different cyclic loads, requiring regular checks for damage to fatigue. In order to understand the deterioration, fatigue carrying capacity and residual strength, the serviceability of the slab under the fatigue loads was not fully explored. Therefore, this research is designed to use vibration-based techniques to investigate the integrity of …

Structural Design Of Pool House In The City Of Columbia, Nathan F. Gates

Senior Theses

This report presents a structural design for a one-story pool house in the City of Columbia. The most important part of the project was determining critical horizontal and vertical loads, and designing each member in accordance to those governing loads. The loads we analyzed were dynamic, dead, live and seismic. By means of the LRFD method, the greatest possible load combination was calculated, combining the previously mentioned loads. These load combinations were different for each analysis, as the loading pressures will change depending on what structural system is being analyzed. This comprises the large part of the report and of …

Eliminating Rebar Splicing In Transverse Joints Of Precast Full Depth Bridge Deck Panels, David Gee

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This study looks at the removal of longitudinal rebar splicing when sufficient longitudinal post-tensioning is provided for full-depth precast deck panels for simply supported bridges. Full-depth precast prestressed concrete deck panels are high quality plant produced pretensioned panels. They are often post-tensioned at the site to provide an average net compression in the joint of at least 250 psi due to effective prestress. This is to ensure adequate transfer of load as truck wheels pass over the joint. This net compression on the transverse joint is not explicitly clear by the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. Based on this section, …

Evaluation Of Coordinated Ramp Metering (Crm) Implemented By Caltrans, Amir Molan, Nivedha Murugesan, Alireza Shams, Cristina Tortora, Faridur Rahman, Jacky Loh, Anurag Pande

Mineta Transportation Institute

Coordinated ramp metering (CRM) is a critical component of smart freeway corridors that rely on real-time traffic data from ramps and freeway mainline to improve decision-making by the motorists and Traffic Management Center (TMC) personnel. CRM uses an algorithm that considers real-time traffic volumes on freeway mainline and ramps and then adjusts the metering rates on the ramps accordingly for optimal flow along the entire corridor. Improving capacity through smart corridors is less costly and easier to deploy than freeway widening due to high costs associated with right-of-way acquisition and construction. Nevertheless, conversion to smart corridors still represents a sizable …

System Reliability Analysis Of The Scoliosis Disorder., Fatemeh Nouri, Seyed Hooman Ghasemi, Ji Yun Lee

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: Scoliosis is a spine abnormal deviation, which is an idiopathic disorder among children and adolescents. As a matter of the fact, distribution of loads on the patient's spine and load-carrying capacity of the vertebral column are both random variables. Therefore, the probabilistic approach may consider as a sophisticated method to deal with this problem.

METHOD: Reliability analysis is a probabilistic-based approach to consider the uncertainties of load and resistance of the vertebral column. The main contribution of this paper is to compare the reliability level of a normal and scoliosis spinal. To do so, the numerical analyses associated with …

Bond Life Of Structural Epoxy-Concrete Systems Under Accelerated Hygrothermal Aging, Philip W. Hopkins

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate possible quantitative and qualitative methods for determining the bond life of structural epoxies externally bonded to concrete substrates. Three concrete mixtures, two surface preparation methods, and three structural epoxies were used creating eighteen combinations of bonded systems. Direct tension (pull-off) specimens were prepared from which a subset was submerged in heated water per a prescribed accelerated aging protocol for up to 200 days. A novel test fixture was designed to facilitate controlled-rate testing of the pull-off specimens. A total of 324 specimens were intermittently removed from submersion exposure and tested without replacement. An …

Influence Of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Wraps On Corrosion Progression Of Bridge Piles In Marine Environments, Shayan Yazdani

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Friendship Trail Bridge connecting Tampa to St. Petersburg was demolished in 2016. Thirteen 20 inches. by 20 inches. reinforced concrete piles supporting its superstructure were part of research studies conducted between 2004 and 2008 to explore the role of glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) in corrosion repair. During demolition, piles were typically cut at the pile cap and in the splash zone. The resulting segments varied in length between 3 to 4 ft. These remnants were transported to the University of South Florida (USF) campus for postmortem analysis. The overarching goal was to establish the role of GFRP in …

Implementation Of Large-Scale Anaerobic Digestion Of Food Waste At The University Of South Florida, Karamjit Panesar

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Food waste represents a major sustainability issue in the United States. Food waste represents 18% of landfill space and is the largest contributor of landfill methane emissions. US EPA’s Food Recovery Hierarchy recommends alternatives to landfilling food waste, including source reduction, food donation and anaerobic digestion.

The Student Green Energy Fund (SGEF) Food Recovery Project aims to follow suggestions outlined by the US EPA Food Recovery Hierarchy to encourage the University of South Florida (USF) to become a zero-waste campus. A multi-disciplinary approach aims to source reduce wasted food, look for opportunities for source reduction and anaerobically digest any remaining …

Laboratory Evaluation Of Nanoclay Modified Asphalt Binders, M M Tariq Morshed

Student Theses and Dissertations

The main goal of this study is to assess the feasibility of the use of nanoclay as an alternative to commonly used polymers such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), which are used to modify the performance grade (PG) of asphalt binders. Three types of nanoclay and two types of neat binders were selected for laboratory investigation. Different amounts (1, 2, and 3%) of nanoclays were used. A blending protocol was developed to mix the nanoclay with the asphalt binder. Penetration, Rotational Viscosity (RV), Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR), Frequency Sweep (FS), Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS), Optical Contact …

Analysis Of Technical And Cost Barriers For Implementation Of Green Infrastructure, Liya Abera

Graduate Student Council Research Grants

Overview: My name is Liya E. Abera, a second year Ph.D. student in the Department of Civil Engineering. I am applying for the GSC grant to obtain a hydrological modeling software, HydroCAD, to use in my research for stormwater rainfall-runoff analyses.

Intellectual Merit: Stormwater runoff occurs when rainwater flows over the ground. Increase in impervious landcover due to urbanization and land development causes excess stormwater runoff that causes flooding events. Floods can be hazardous to communities by damaging properties and exposing them to contaminated water. Installation of Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) is one sustainable way of reducing flooding events and …

Model Development To Assess Groundwater Flooding And Levee Underseepage In New Orleans, Louisiana, Shuo Yang

LSU Master's Theses

Flooding is a major threat to New Orleans due to its geographic location and geologic condition. However, potential groundwater flooding is seldom studied and poorly understood even though groundwater level is expected high in the city. High groundwater level might result in groundwater flooding in low-lying areas. High uplift pore water pressures may cause strong underseepage and risk levee safety. The objective of this study is to assess the impacts of hydrogeology on groundwater flooding and evaluate potential underseepage-induced hazards along levees in New Orleans. In this study, a groundwater flow model development which involves stratigraphy modeling, groundwater flow model …

The Future State Of Mobility, Jerome Quandt

Purdue Road School

Formed in 2018, the Illinois Autonomous Vehicles Association (ILAVA) is a privately funded non-for-profit organization focused on establishing thought leadership in the state of Illinois, by identifying and addressing the current and emerging opportunities related to the inevitable growth of CAV technologies throughout the transportation network. Through the deployment of scalable and sustainable business solutions, facilitating industry education and establishing thought leadership, ILAVA is creating an ecosystem that defines Illinois as #TheFutureStateofMobility.

Waterproofing Membrane For Concrete Boxes And Culverts, Keith Alan Lytton P.E., Jeremy Hunter P.E.

Purdue Road School

In 2019 a new INDOT Specification went into effect for waterproofing on concrete pipes and three- and four-sided boxes. The new specification decreased the leakage at these structures joints from 95% to less than 5%. This presentation will provide the background on why the change was needed and the solution, complete with construction examples and results.

Strategies And How-Tos On Interstate Closures For Mot, Jim Poturalski, Eryn Fletcher

Purdue Road School

Full interstate closures have proven to be an effective method for balancing congestion and safety when maintaining interstate infrastructure. This presentation will describe successful practices, federal requirements, and the process to follow when closing an interstate for maintenance.

Uas Based Methodology For Measuring Glide Slope Angles Of Airport Precision Approach Path Indicators (Papi), Yi-Chun Lin, Seyyed Meghdad Hasheminasab, John L. Bullock, Deborah Horton, Adam Baxmayer, Ayman Habib, Darcy M. Bullock

Purdue Road School

This session presents alternative approaches for using unmanned aerial systems for checking the alignment of precision approach path indicators (PAPI lights). UAS data acquired at the KLAF (Purdue) airport will be used as an illustrative example.

Advancing Asset Management At Indot, Louis Feagans

Purdue Road School

As INDOT continues to develop Asset Management, the use of GIS and the mapping of assets become more critical. In this session INDOT will show the advancement in GIS Asset Management that has occurred in the last few years and where we are headed in the future.

Relinquishment And Reconstruction Of Sr 44—Franklin, Indiana, Trent Newport, Mark Richards

Purdue Road School

This project involved the downtown section of SR 44, which was relinquished by INDOT to the City of Franklin. Reconstruction was funded through a relinquishment agreement, feder-al-aid funding applications, and local monies. It was a total reconstruction project of over $13 million, built in nine phases over a 4-year span. The project passes through the heart of downtown historic and business districts. This presentation will review all of the coordination and challenges of the project.

A Railroad Runs Through It - Bass Road/Hadley Road Roundabout, Mike Maurovich, Craig Shroyer

Purdue Road School

It’s not often you find a railroad intersecting a roundabout, which makes the Bass-Hadley Roundabout in the City of Fort Wayne a unique intersection with a story you have to hear! We will discuss the design and challenges of the design process; the incorpo-ration of a pedestrian trail; the construction process and its challenges; and now that the intersection is open and operating, a status of how well it is functioning.

Pitfalls Of Interchange Designs: Observations Relating To Idm Chapter 48, Joiner Lagpacan, Mark D. Orton

Purdue Road School

This session covers common challenges found on freeway interchange designs here in Indiana. We will go over in detail common pitfalls observed from performing multiple design reviews and problems with designs that do not conform to the still-new Indiana Design Manual (IDM) Chapter 48, “Interchanges.” We will also offer conventional design solutions and alternatives to address these issues and challenges.

Regulating 5g Installations, Bradley Pease

Purdue Road School

In this session we will discuss regulation of the deployment of 5G small-cell equipment within local right-of-way.

Recent Changes To Indot Sign Specs, Lalit M. Garg

Purdue Road School

This presentation highlights recent changes to INDOT's standard specifications and standard drawings regarding traffic signs and structures.

Innovation: Field-Driven Ideas For Improvement, Todd A. May

Purdue Road School

INDOT has set up its new Department of Innovation. The goal of the Department is to collect, vet, implement, and recognize ideas, processes, and tools specifically generated by the workforce in the field, such as construction, maintenance, contracting, and inspection. Through a peer review vetting process, ideas will be worked through a systems theory/engineer-ing process for ultimate statewide implementa-tion. Join us for a discussion

2d Hydraulic Modeling For Streambank Stabilization In The White River, Nabil Ghalayini

Purdue Road School

As part of the new I-69 design in Morgan County, INDOT retained WSP USA to provide streambank stabilization design services for the White River. This presentation will discuss how 1D and 2D hydraulic modeling helped refine the design and include visuals to demonstrate how 1D and 2D models can help establish flow di-rection velocities at riverbanks and around pro-posed structures. A comparison of results from 1D and 2D model results will also be presented

22nd Street Reconstruction, City Of Elwood, Indiana, Haseeb Ghumman, William Savage, Darren Paarkes

Purdue Road School

This project involved full-depth reconstruction of 22nd Street, from P Street to Main Street, for an approximate distance of 1 mile and entailed a two-lane roadway with curb and gutter, new sidewalks, a storm system, and water and sanitary line relocations. In addition to federal funds, due to Red Gold’s investment commit-ments in the area and subsequent potential economic development, the project was awarded up to $1.4M in an Indiana Economic Development Corporation (IEDC) grant. Join us for a discussion.

Michigan's Inventory-Based Rating System For Unpaved Roads, Peter Torola

Purdue Road School

The current rating systems for unpaved roads lack stability and reliability and, therefore, provide little benefit as project- or network-level metrics. Since many of these systems are derived from paved-road assessment systems, they focus heavily on surface distresses rather than road width, drainage, and other features. This session presents the Inventory-Based Rating System as a stable and implementable method of condition assessment for unpaved roads, without the focus on surface distresses.