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Articles 2311 - 2340 of 14119

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

A P53-Tlr3 Axis Ameliorates Pulmonary Hypertension By Inducing Bmpr2 Via Irf3, Aneel R. Bhagwani, Mehboob Ali, Bryce Piper, Mingjun Liu, Jaylen Hudson, Neil Kelly, Srimathi Bogamuwa, Hu Yang, James D. Londino, Joseph S. Bednash, Daniela Farkas, Rama K. Mallampalli, Mark R. Nicolls, John J. Ryan Feb 2023

A P53-Tlr3 Axis Ameliorates Pulmonary Hypertension By Inducing Bmpr2 Via Irf3, Aneel R. Bhagwani, Mehboob Ali, Bryce Piper, Mingjun Liu, Jaylen Hudson, Neil Kelly, Srimathi Bogamuwa, Hu Yang, James D. Londino, Joseph S. Bednash, Daniela Farkas, Rama K. Mallampalli, Mark R. Nicolls, John J. Ryan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) features pathogenic and abnormal endothelial cells (ECs), and one potential origin is clonal selection. We studied the role of p53 and toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in clonal expansion and pulmonary hypertension (PH) via regulation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPR2) signaling. ECs of PAH patients had reduced p53 expression. EC-specific p53 knockout exaggerated PH, and clonal expansion reduced p53 and TLR3 expression in rat lung CD117+ ECs. Reduced p53 degradation (Nutlin 3a) abolished clonal EC expansion, induced TLR3 and BMPR2, and ameliorated PH. Polyinosinic/polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)] increased BMPR2 signaling in ECs via enhanced binding of interferon regulatory …

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An Older Diabetes-Induced Mice Model For Studying Skin Wound Healing, Carlos Poblete Jara, Guilherme Nogueira, Joseane Morari, Thaís Paulino Do Prado, Renan De Medeiros Bezerra, Lício A. Velloso, William Velander, Eliana Pereira De Araújo Feb 2023

An Older Diabetes-Induced Mice Model For Studying Skin Wound Healing, Carlos Poblete Jara, Guilherme Nogueira, Joseane Morari, Thaís Paulino Do Prado, Renan De Medeiros Bezerra, Lício A. Velloso, William Velander, Eliana Pereira De Araújo

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Advances in wound treatment depend on the availability of animal models that reflect key aspects of human wound healing physiology. To this date, the accepted mouse models do not reflect defects in the healing process for chronic wounds that are associated with type two diabetic skin ulcers. The long term, systemic physiologic stress that occurs in middle aged or older Type 2 diabetes patients is difficult to simulate in preclinical animal model. We have strived to incorporate the essential elements of this stress in a manageable mouse model: long term metabolic stress from obesity to include the effects of middle …

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Turbulent Mixing Simulation Using The Hierarchical Parcel-Swapping (Hips) Model, Tommy Starick, Masoomeh Behrang, David O. Lignell, Heiko Schmidt, Alan R. Kerstein Feb 2023

Turbulent Mixing Simulation Using The Hierarchical Parcel-Swapping (Hips) Model, Tommy Starick, Masoomeh Behrang, David O. Lignell, Heiko Schmidt, Alan R. Kerstein

Faculty Publications

Turbulent mixing is an omnipresent phenomenon that permanently affects our everyday life. Mixing processes also
plays an important role in many industrial applications. The full resolution of all relevant flow scales often poses a major challenge to the numerical simulation and requires a modeling of the small-scale effects. In transported Probability Density Function (PDF) methods, the simplified modeling of the molecular mixing is a known weak point. At this place, the Hierarchical Parcel-Swapping (HiPS) model developed by A.R. Kerstein [J. Stat. Phys. 153, 142-161 (2013)] represents a computationally efficient and novel turbulent mixing model. HiPS simulates the effects of turbulence …

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Advancing Ionomer Design To Boost Interfacial And Thin-Film Proton Conductivity Via Styrene-Calix[4]Arene-Based Ionomers, Shyambo Chatterjee, Oghenetega Allen Obewhere, Ehsan Zamani, Rajesh Keloth, Seefat Farzin, Martha D. Morton, Anandakumar Sarella, Shudipto Konika Dishari Feb 2023

Advancing Ionomer Design To Boost Interfacial And Thin-Film Proton Conductivity Via Styrene-Calix[4]Arene-Based Ionomers, Shyambo Chatterjee, Oghenetega Allen Obewhere, Ehsan Zamani, Rajesh Keloth, Seefat Farzin, Martha D. Morton, Anandakumar Sarella, Shudipto Konika Dishari

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Sub-micrometer-thick ion-conducting polymer (ionomer) layers often suffer from poor ionic conductivity at the substrate/catalyst interface. The weak proton conductivity makes the electrochemical reaction at the cathode of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells sluggish. To address this, here we report on a class of polystyrene-based ionomers having sub-nanometer-sized, sulfonated macrocyclic calix[4]arene-based pendants (PS-calix). In films with thickness comparable to that of ionomer-based binder layers, the conductivity of PS-calix film (∼41 mS/cm) is ∼13 times higher than that of the current state-of-the-art ionomer, Nafion. We observe a similar improvement in proton conductivity when PS-calix interfaces with Pt nanoparticles, demonstrating the potential of PS-calix in …

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Biofilm Formation Influences The Wettability And Settling Of Microplastics, Amber J. Pete, Philip J. Brahana, Mustapha Bello, Michael G. Benton, Bhuvnesh Bharti Feb 2023

Biofilm Formation Influences The Wettability And Settling Of Microplastics, Amber J. Pete, Philip J. Brahana, Mustapha Bello, Michael G. Benton, Bhuvnesh Bharti

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The fate of 99% of the plastics present in oceans is unknown. It is presumed that biofilm formation on plastics leads to their sinking to the ocean floor, thus making them undetectable at the surface. While it is established that biofilms lead to sinking of plastics, it is the mechanism by which biofilms enhance the vertical transport of plastics that remains unknown. It is commonly assumed that biofilms increase the effective mass density of the plastics, which drives their sinking. Here, we show that such an assumption is not always true, and formation of biofilms alone is an insufficient criterion …

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Evaluation Of Liquid Loading In Gas Wells Using Machine Learning, Abderraouf Chemmakh, Olusegun Stanley Tomomewo, Kegang Ling, Ahmed Shammari Feb 2023

Evaluation Of Liquid Loading In Gas Wells Using Machine Learning, Abderraouf Chemmakh, Olusegun Stanley Tomomewo, Kegang Ling, Ahmed Shammari

Petroleum Engineering Student Publications

The inevitable result that gas wells witness during their life production is the liquid loading problem. The liquids that come with gas block the production tubing if the gas velocity supplied by the reservoir pressure is not enough to carry them to surface. Researchers used different theories to solve the problem naming, droplet fallback theory, liquid film reversal theory, characteristic velocity, transient simulations, and others. While there is no definitive answer on what theory is the most valid or the one that performs the best in all cases. This paper comes to involve a different approach, a combination between physics-based …

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Applications Of Underbalanced Fishbone Drilling For Improved Recovery And Reduced Carbon Footprint In Unconventional Plays, Habib Ouadi, Siamak Mishani, Vamegh Rasouli Feb 2023

Applications Of Underbalanced Fishbone Drilling For Improved Recovery And Reduced Carbon Footprint In Unconventional Plays, Habib Ouadi, Siamak Mishani, Vamegh Rasouli

Petroleum Engineering Student Publications

Fishbone Drilling (FbD) consists of drilling several micro-holes in different directions from the main vertical or deviated wellbore. Similar to multilateral micro-hole drilling, FbD may be used to enhance hydrocarbon production in naturally fractured formations or in refracturing operations by interconnecting the existing natural fractures. When combined with underbalanced drilling using a coiled tubing rig, FbD enhances the production further by easing the natural flow of the hydrocarbon from the reservoir to the wellbore. The design aspects of the Fishbones include determining the number, length, distance between the branches, and the angle of sidetracking of the branches from the main …

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Active Control Of Equilibrium, Near-Equilibrium, And Far-From-Equilibrium Colloidal Systems, Mark N. Mcdonald, Qinyu Zhu, Walter F. Paxton, Cameron K. Peterson, Douglas R. Tree Feb 2023

Active Control Of Equilibrium, Near-Equilibrium, And Far-From-Equilibrium Colloidal Systems, Mark N. Mcdonald, Qinyu Zhu, Walter F. Paxton, Cameron K. Peterson, Douglas R. Tree

Faculty Publications

The development of top-down active control over bottom-up colloidal assembly processes has the potential to produce materials, surfaces, and objects with applications in a wide range of fields spanning from computing to materials science to biomedical engineering. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the field using a taxonomy based on how active control is used to guide assembly. We find there are three distinct scenarios: (1) navigating kinetic pathways to reach a desirable equilibrium state, (2) the creation of a desirable metastable, kinetically trapped, or kinetically arrested state, and (3) the creation of a desirable far-from-equilibrium state through …

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Effect Of Class C And Class F Fly Ash On Early-Age And Mature-Age Properties Of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Paste, Sukanta K. Mondal, Carrie Clinton, Hongyan Ma, Aditya Kumar, Monday Uchenna Okoronkwo Feb 2023

Effect Of Class C And Class F Fly Ash On Early-Age And Mature-Age Properties Of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Paste, Sukanta K. Mondal, Carrie Clinton, Hongyan Ma, Aditya Kumar, Monday Uchenna Okoronkwo

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To Promote the Sustainable Development of Eco-Efficient Calcium Sulfoaluminate (CSA) Cements through the Partial Replacement of the CSA Clinker with Supplementary Cementitious Waste Products, the Effects of Coal Fly Ashes on the Early-Age and Mature-Age Properties of a Calcium Sulfoaluminate (CSA)-Based Cement Paste Were Investigated. the Impacts of Both Class C and Class F Fly Ashes on the Rheological Properties, Hydration Kinetics, and Compressive Strength Development of CSA Cement Paste Were Studied. Rheology-Based Workability Parameters, Representing the Rate of Loss of Flowability, the Rate of Hardening, and the Placement Limit, Were Characterized for the Pastes Prepared with Fixed Water-To-Cement (W/c) …

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A Systematic Design Approach For Bulk Gel Treatments Based On Gel Volume-Concentration Ratio In Field Projects, Munqith Aldhaheri, Mingzhen Wei, Baojun Bai Feb 2023

A Systematic Design Approach For Bulk Gel Treatments Based On Gel Volume-Concentration Ratio In Field Projects, Munqith Aldhaheri, Mingzhen Wei, Baojun Bai

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Controlling excessive water production in mature oil fields has always been a desired objective of the oil and gas industry. This objective calls for planning of more effective water-control gel treatments with optimized designs to obtain more attractive outcomes. Unfortunately, planning such effective treatments remains a dilemma for reservoir engineers due to the lack of methodical design tools in the industry. This paper presents a novel systematic design approach for polyacrylamide-Based bulk gel treatments by classifying their field projects according to the gel volume-concentration ratio (VCR) into three design types. in terms of one another, the approach estimates either the …

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Design And Applications Of Fmoc-Histidine And Aspartic Acid Tripeptides As Proton Conductive Materials, Shejla S. Pollozi Feb 2023

Design And Applications Of Fmoc-Histidine And Aspartic Acid Tripeptides As Proton Conductive Materials, Shejla S. Pollozi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The increasing demand for clean and sustainable energy has driven forward rapid improvements in polymer-electrolyte fuel cells and the use of ion-conducting polymers (ionomers) as proton exchange membranes and catalyst binders. While perfluorinated electrolytes have been commercially used as conductive membranes for nearly four decades, a new class of sustainable, conductive materials has emerged, inspired by the efficiency of charge transport processes in biological systems. These molecules, knows as peptide amphiphiles (PAs), have gained popularity as building blocks for the bottom-up fabrication of nanomaterials through supramolecular self-assembly. Supramolecular nanostructures, often in the form of hydrogels, are held together via non-covalent …

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Curcumin Release From Biomaterials For Enhanced Tissue Regeneration Following Injury Or Disease, Adelle E. Hamilton, Ryan J. Gilbert Feb 2023

Curcumin Release From Biomaterials For Enhanced Tissue Regeneration Following Injury Or Disease, Adelle E. Hamilton, Ryan J. Gilbert

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Curcumin, a bioactive phenol derived from turmeric, is an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial molecule. Although curcumin exhibits beneficial effects in its innate form, it is highly hydrophobic, which leads to poor water solubility and, consequently, low bioavailability. The lack of bioavailability limits curcumin's effectiveness as a treatment and restricts its use in clinical applications. Furthermore, to achieve beneficial, clinically relevant results, high doses of curcumin are required for systemic administration. Many researchers have utilized biomaterial carriers, including electrospun fibers, nanoparticles, hydrogels, and composite scaffolds, to overcome curcumin's principle therapeutic limitation of low bioavailability. By using biomaterials to deliver curcumin directly …

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Mathematical Modeling Of Microscale Biology: Ion Pairing, Spatially Varying Permittivity, And Born Energy In Glycosaminoglycan Brushes, William J. Ceely, Marina Chugunova, Ali Nadim, James D. Sterling Feb 2023

Mathematical Modeling Of Microscale Biology: Ion Pairing, Spatially Varying Permittivity, And Born Energy In Glycosaminoglycan Brushes, William J. Ceely, Marina Chugunova, Ali Nadim, James D. Sterling

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

Biological macromolecules including nucleic acids, proteins, and glycosaminoglycans are typically anionic and can span domains of up to hundreds of nanometers and even micron length scales. The structures exist in crowded environments that are dominated by multivalent electrostatic interactions that can be modeled using mean-field continuum approaches that represent underlying molecular nanoscale biophysics. We develop such models for glycosaminoglycan brushes using steady state modified Poisson-Boltzmann models that incorporate important ion-specific (Hofmeister) effects. The results quantify how electroneutrality is attained through ion electrophoresis, spatially varying permittivity hydration forces, and ion-specific pairing. Brush-salt interfacial profiles of the electrostatic potential as well as …

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Local Il-10 Delivery Modulates The Immune Response And Enhances Repair Of Volumetric Muscle Loss Muscle Injury, Tai Huynh, Cassandra Reed, Zain Blackwell, Peyton Phelps, Luis Carlos Pinzon-Herrera, Jorge Almodovar, David A. Zaharoff, Jeffery Wolchok Feb 2023

Local Il-10 Delivery Modulates The Immune Response And Enhances Repair Of Volumetric Muscle Loss Muscle Injury, Tai Huynh, Cassandra Reed, Zain Blackwell, Peyton Phelps, Luis Carlos Pinzon-Herrera, Jorge Almodovar, David A. Zaharoff, Jeffery Wolchok

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that in addition to repairing the architectural and cellular cues via regenerative medicine, the delivery of immune cues (immunotherapy) may be needed to enhance regeneration following volumetric muscle loss (VML) injury. We identified IL-10 signaling as a promising immunotherapeutic target. To explore the impact of targeting IL-10 signaling, tibialis anterior (TA) VML injuries were created and then treated in rats using autologous minced muscle (MM). Animals received either recombinant rat IL-10 or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) controls injections at the site of VML repair beginning 7 days post injury (DPI) and continuing …

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A Systematic Design Approach For Bulk Gel Treatments Based On Gel Volume-Concentration Ratio In Field Projects, Munqith Aldhaheri, Mingzhen Wei, Baojun Bai Feb 2023

A Systematic Design Approach For Bulk Gel Treatments Based On Gel Volume-Concentration Ratio In Field Projects, Munqith Aldhaheri, Mingzhen Wei, Baojun Bai

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Controlling excessive water production in mature oil fields has always been a desired objective of the oil and gas industry. This objective calls for planning of more effective water-control gel treatments with optimized designs to obtain more attractive outcomes. Unfortunately, planning such effective treatments remains a dilemma for reservoir engineers due to the lack of methodical design tools in the industry. This paper presents a novel systematic design approach for polyacrylamide-based bulk gel treatments by classifying their field projects according to the gel volume-concentration ratio (VCR) into three design types. In terms of one another, the approach estimates either the …

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Gasdermin D Deficiency In Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Ameliorates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Through Reducing Putrescine Synthesis, Jianing Gao, Yanghui Chen, Huiqing Wang, Xin Li, Ke Li, Yangkai Xu, Xianwei Xie, Yansong Guo, Nana Yang, Xinhua Zhang, Dong Ma, Hong S. Lu, Ying H. Shen, Yong Liu, Jifeng Zhang, Y. Eugene Chen, Alan Daugherty, Dao Wen Wang, Lemin Zheng Feb 2023

Gasdermin D Deficiency In Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Ameliorates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Through Reducing Putrescine Synthesis, Jianing Gao, Yanghui Chen, Huiqing Wang, Xin Li, Ke Li, Yangkai Xu, Xianwei Xie, Yansong Guo, Nana Yang, Xinhua Zhang, Dong Ma, Hong S. Lu, Ying H. Shen, Yong Liu, Jifeng Zhang, Y. Eugene Chen, Alan Daugherty, Dao Wen Wang, Lemin Zheng

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common vascular disease associated with significant phenotypic alterations in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a pore-forming effector of pyroptosis. In this study, the role of VSMC-specific GSDMD in the phenotypic alteration of VSMCs and AAA formation is determined. Single-cell transcriptome analyses reveal Gsdmd upregulation in aortic VSMCs in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced AAA. VSMC-specific Gsdmd deletion ameliorates Ang II-induced AAA in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)−/− mice. Using untargeted metabolomic analysis, it is found that putrescine is significantly reduced in the plasma and aortic tissues of VSMC-specific GSDMD deficient mice. High putrescine levels …

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Salt Doping Of Hyaluronic Acid Glycopolymer Biocondensates, James D. Sterling, Lu Fu, Kenisha Pudun, Shenda Baker, Megan Lord, Henry E. Riggs Feb 2023

Salt Doping Of Hyaluronic Acid Glycopolymer Biocondensates, James D. Sterling, Lu Fu, Kenisha Pudun, Shenda Baker, Megan Lord, Henry E. Riggs

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

Biocondensates are largely studied with regard to intracellular components, while recognition of the formation of extracellular biocondensates are emerging, such as for cell surface heparan sulfate binding with basic fibroblast growth factor. This study analyzed the formation of biocondensates in vitro between the ubiquitous extracellular component, hyaluronan an anionic glycosaminoglycan, and cationic derivitized polyglucosamines known to bind to mucosal interfaces. The effect of molecular weight and net charge ratio was studied using a combination of microscopy, turbidity, laser diffraction particle sizing and zeta potential measurements. These analyses revealed that molecular weight affected the ability to form biocondensates while the surface …

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Steering Particles Via Micro-Actuation Of Chemical Gradients Using Model Predictive Control, Mark N. Mcdonald, Cameron K. Peterson, Douglas R. Tree Feb 2023

Steering Particles Via Micro-Actuation Of Chemical Gradients Using Model Predictive Control, Mark N. Mcdonald, Cameron K. Peterson, Douglas R. Tree

Faculty Publications

Biological systems rely on chemical gradients to direct motion through both chemotaxis and signaling, but synthetic approaches for doing the same are still relatively naïve. Consequently, we present a novel method for using chemical gradients to manipulate the position and velocity of colloidal particles in a microfluidic device. Specifically, we show that a set of spatially localized chemical reactions that are sufficiently controllable can be used to steer colloidal particles via diffusiophoresis along an arbitrary trajectory. To accomplish this, we develop a control method for steering colloidal particles with chemical gradients using nonlinear model predictive control with a model based …

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Seismic Azimuthal Anisotropy Beneath A Fast Moving Ancient Continent: Constraints From Shear Wave Splitting Analysis In Australia, Kailun Ba, Stephen S. Gao, Jianguo Song, Kelly H. Liu Feb 2023

Seismic Azimuthal Anisotropy Beneath A Fast Moving Ancient Continent: Constraints From Shear Wave Splitting Analysis In Australia, Kailun Ba, Stephen S. Gao, Jianguo Song, Kelly H. Liu

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Seismic Azimuthal Anisotropy Beneath Australia is Investigated using Splitting of the Teleseismic PKS, SKKS, and SKS Phases to Delineate Asthenospheric Flow and Lithospheric Deformation Beneath One of the Oldest and Fast-Moving Continents on Earth. in Total 511 Pairs of High-Quality Splitting Parameters Were Observed at 116 Seismic Stations. Unlike Other Stable Continental Areas in Africa, East Asia, and North America, Where Spatially Consistent Splitting Parameters Dominate, the Fast Orientations and Splitting Times Observed in Australia Show a Complex Pattern, with a Slightly Smaller Than Normal Average Splitting Time of 0.85 ± 0.33 S. on the North Australian Craton, the Fast …

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Coreflooding Evaluation Of Fiber-Assisted Recrosslinkable Preformed Particle Gel Using An Open Fracture Model, Shuda Zhao, Ali Al Brahim, Junchen Liu, Baojun Bai, Thomas P. Schuman Feb 2023

Coreflooding Evaluation Of Fiber-Assisted Recrosslinkable Preformed Particle Gel Using An Open Fracture Model, Shuda Zhao, Ali Al Brahim, Junchen Liu, Baojun Bai, Thomas P. Schuman

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recrosslinkable Preformed Particle Gels (RPPGs) Have Been Used to Treat the Problem of Void Space Conduits (VSC) and repair the "Short-Circuited" Waterflood in Alaska's West Sak Field. Field Results Showed a 23% Increase in Success Rates over Typical Preformed Particle Gel (PPG) Treatments. in This Paper, We Evaluated Whether Adding Fiber into RPPGs Can Increase the RPPG Plugging Efficiency and Thus Further Improve the Success Rate. We Designed Open Fracture Models to Represent vs.C and Investigated the Effect of Swelling Ratio (SR), Fracture Size, and Fiber Concentration on Gel Injection Pressure, Water Breakthrough Pressure, and Permeability Reduction. Results Show that …

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Prediction Models Of Shielding Effectiveness Of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Cement-Based Composites Against Electromagnetic Interference, Shilpa Narayanan, Yifan Zhang, Farhad Aslani Feb 2023

Prediction Models Of Shielding Effectiveness Of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Cement-Based Composites Against Electromagnetic Interference, Shilpa Narayanan, Yifan Zhang, Farhad Aslani

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

With the rapid development of communication technology as well as a rapid rise in the usage of electronic devices, a growth of concerns over unintentional electromagnetic interference emitted by these devices has been witnessed. Pioneer researchers have deeply studied the relationship between the shielding effectiveness and a few mixed design parameters for cementitious composites incoporating carbon fibres by conducting physical experiments. This paper, therefore, aims to develop and propose a series of prediction models for the shielding effectiveness of cementitious composites involving carbon fibres using frequency and mixed design parameters, such as the water-to-cement ratio, fibre content, sand-to-cement ratio and …

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Ash Aerosol Particle Size Distribution, Composition, And Deposition Behavior While Co-Firing Coal And Steam-Exploded Biomass In A 1.5 Mwth Combustor, Rajarshi Roy, Brian Schooff, Xiaolong Li, Scott Montgomery, Jacob Tuttle, Jost O.L. Wendt, Kingsley Dickson, Brian Iverson, Andrew R. Fry Feb 2023

Ash Aerosol Particle Size Distribution, Composition, And Deposition Behavior While Co-Firing Coal And Steam-Exploded Biomass In A 1.5 Mwth Combustor, Rajarshi Roy, Brian Schooff, Xiaolong Li, Scott Montgomery, Jacob Tuttle, Jost O.L. Wendt, Kingsley Dickson, Brian Iverson, Andrew R. Fry

Faculty Publications

Five different blends of Utah bituminous coal and steam-exploded pine (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 by mass) were fired in a 1.5 MWth combustor. Primary objectives were to understand mineral matter behavior by analyzing aerosol size distribution, aerosol size-segregated composition, ash deposition mass, and ash composition. For particle size < 0.1 μm, pure coal had the lowest aerosol concentration and pure biomass showed the highest (higher nucleation of potassium salts), a trend which reversed for particles >0.1 μm. During pure biomass combustion, aerosol particles >15 μm contained higher mass fractions of potassium (+126%), calcium (+132%), and iron (+115%) and lower fractions of aluminum (−49%) and silicon (−29%) than pure coal. Ash deposition mass decreased with increasing biomass blends. …

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Sra Inhibition Improves Antitumor Potency Of Antigen-Targeted Chaperone Vaccine, Jie Qian, Xiaofei Yu, Zheng Liu, Jinyang Cai, Masoud H. Manjili, Hu Yang, Chunqing Guo, Xiang Yang Wang Jan 2023

Sra Inhibition Improves Antitumor Potency Of Antigen-Targeted Chaperone Vaccine, Jie Qian, Xiaofei Yu, Zheng Liu, Jinyang Cai, Masoud H. Manjili, Hu Yang, Chunqing Guo, Xiang Yang Wang

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Have Previously Demonstrated that Scavenger Receptor a (SRA) Acts as an Immunosuppressive Regulator of Dendritic Cell (DC) Function in Activating Antitumor T Cells. Here We Investigate the Potential of Inhibiting SRA Activity to Enhance DC-Targeted Chaperone Vaccines Including One that Was Recently Evaluated in Melanoma Patients. We Show that Short Hairpin RNA-Mediated SRA Silencing Significantly Enhances the Immunogenicity of DCs that Have Captured Chaperone Vaccines Designed to Target Melanoma (I.e., Hsp110-Gp100) and Breast Cancer (I.e., Hsp110-HER/Neu-ICD). SRA Downregulation Results in Heightened Activation of Antigen-Specific T Cells and Increased CD8+ T Cell-Dependent Tumor Inhibition. Additionally, Small Interfering RNA (SiRNA) Complexed …

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Recent Advances In Exploring Highly Active & Durable Pgm-Free Oxygen Reduction Catalysts, Yuan Li, Miao-Ying Chen, Bang-An Lu, Jia-Nan Zhang Jan 2023

Recent Advances In Exploring Highly Active & Durable Pgm-Free Oxygen Reduction Catalysts, Yuan Li, Miao-Ying Chen, Bang-An Lu, Jia-Nan Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

In order to reduce the considerable usage of expensive but scarce platinum at the cathode in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), it is necessary to pursue alternatives to platinum. The most promising platinum group metal (PGM)-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are atomically dispersed, and nitrogen-coordinated metal site catalysts denoted as M-N-C (M = Fe, Co, or Mn, etc.). Over the last few decades, there have been great advances in these catalysts with high ORR activity and promising initial fuel cell performance approaching traditional Pt/C catalysts. However, the stability of these highly active Fe-N-C catalysts under practical fuel …

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Preface To Special Issue: Electrocatalysis And Electrosynthesis, Fang-Yi Cheng, Shuang-Yin Wang, Tian-Hua Zhou Jan 2023

Preface To Special Issue: Electrocatalysis And Electrosynthesis, Fang-Yi Cheng, Shuang-Yin Wang, Tian-Hua Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

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Electrochemical Oxidation Of Ethylene On Palladium Electrode, Wei-Xing Wu, Ying Wang Jan 2023

Electrochemical Oxidation Of Ethylene On Palladium Electrode, Wei-Xing Wu, Ying Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical oxidation of C2H4 is attracting increasing attention due to its vast potential market. The current electrochemical methods rely on the use of redox mediators, which may produce corrosive intermediates, while direct oxidation is still limited by its low activity and selectivity. Herein, we conducted electrochemical studies to obtain mechanistic insights into the benchmark Pd catalyst. The generated Pd(II) could be the active site for C2H4 oxidation. By designing the pulse sequence, we found the ratio of strongly and weakly adsorbed C2H4 on Pd to be 0.3:1. The result we …

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Supperlattice-Like Structure: Ordered Mass Transfer Endowing High Quality Output Of Fuel Cell, Jian Wang, Wen-Hui Xuan, Qian He, Jing-Xia Jiang, Yuan-Yuan Zhou, Yao Nie, Qiang Liao, Min-Hua Shao, Wei Ding, Zi-Dong Wei Jan 2023

Supperlattice-Like Structure: Ordered Mass Transfer Endowing High Quality Output Of Fuel Cell, Jian Wang, Wen-Hui Xuan, Qian He, Jing-Xia Jiang, Yuan-Yuan Zhou, Yao Nie, Qiang Liao, Min-Hua Shao, Wei Ding, Zi-Dong Wei

Journal of Electrochemistry

The current or voltage fluctuation in fuel cell operation is harmful to the fuel cell system and power application equipment. Here, we report a technique to eliminate such a fluctuation by the aid of new type of catalysts, superlattice-like mesoporous PtCo catalysts. The current fluctuation in fuel cells catalyzed by two invented catalysts are fixed at as low as 25 mA·cm−2 with a power of 0.75 W·cm−2 or 120 mA·cm−2 with a power of 1.01 W·cm−2, and no noticeable current decay was detected over 100 h. By contrast, a …

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Non-Equilibrium Colloidal Phenomena In Magnetic Fields And Photoillumination: From Controlling Living Microbots To Understanding Microplastics, Ahmed Al Harraq Jan 2023

Non-Equilibrium Colloidal Phenomena In Magnetic Fields And Photoillumination: From Controlling Living Microbots To Understanding Microplastics, Ahmed Al Harraq

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Colloids are a ubiquitous class of materials composed of microscopic particles suspended in a continuous phase which are found in everyday products and in nature. Colloids are also useful models for studying the spontaneous arrangement of matter from individual building blocks to mesophases. Standard treatment of colloid science is based on the assumption of equilibrium conditions, as defined in traditional thermodynamics. However, novel assembly mechanisms and motility are unlocked by pushing colloids away from equilibrium using external energy. In addition, many colloids in nature and in industrial applications exchange energy and mass with the surrounding environment thus behaving in a …

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Coupling Atr-Ftir Spectroscopy With Multivariate Analysis For Polymers Manufacturing And Control Of Polymers’ Molecular Weight, Tung Nguyen, Ahmad Arabi Shamsabadi, Mona Bavarian Jan 2023

Coupling Atr-Ftir Spectroscopy With Multivariate Analysis For Polymers Manufacturing And Control Of Polymers’ Molecular Weight, Tung Nguyen, Ahmad Arabi Shamsabadi, Mona Bavarian

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Acrylate-based polymers are commonly used in the chemical industry. Consistent manufacturing of these polymers with the help of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) is very desirable. The capability of monitoring polymers’ molecular weight in real-time reduces operation time and eliminates the frequent samplings needed for quality control. Herein, molecular weight (Mw) of glycidyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate (GMA-co- MMA) copolymer was monitored in real-time using mid-infrared ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square (PLS) models were then utilized to examine, improve the latent space, and select high-quality spectra. We show that acquiring highly correlated spectra enhances the …

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Lysine Crosslinked Polyacrylamide─A Novel Green Polymer Gel For Preferential Flow Control, Tao Song, Baojun Bai, Yugandhara Eriyagama, Thomas P. Schuman Jan 2023

Lysine Crosslinked Polyacrylamide─A Novel Green Polymer Gel For Preferential Flow Control, Tao Song, Baojun Bai, Yugandhara Eriyagama, Thomas P. Schuman

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Acrylamide-based polymer gels have been applied to control the preferential flow in the subsurface for decades. However, some commonly used crosslinkers, such as Cr (III) and phenol-formaldehyde, are highly toxic and are being phased out because of stringent environmental regulations. This work uses l-lysine as the green crosslinker to produce acrylamide-based polymer gels. This article systematically studied the effect of lysine and polymer concentration, salinity, pH, and temperature on gelation behavior and thermal stability. Besides, the gelation mechanism and crosslinking density were elucidated in this work. A high-permeability sandstone core was used to test the plugging efficiency of this novel …

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