Engineering Commons^™

The Effect Of The Spirit Of The Place On The Formulation Of Emotion In Contemporary Arab-Islamic Architecture, Mahdi Saleh Al-Faraj, Dania Saleh Yaheia

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Arab-Islamic architecture is characterized by both constants and variables, with spiritual aspects (content) representing the constants and physical aspects (form) representing the variables. It evolves based on changing times and needs, with compassion being a significant feature associated with its spiritual aspects. Compassion is essential for collective agreement and individual emotional connection in Arab-Islamic architecture. The present research aims to investigate the influence of the spirit of the place, as embraced by designers, on the emotional characteristics of contemporary Arab-Islamic architecture. The research problem identified is the lack of a theoretical concept regarding the impact of the spirit of the …

The Effect Of Bioenergy Systems On The Architectural Product The Effect Of Fung Shui And Biogetric To Achieve The Performance Of Architectural Space, Abdullah Saadon Al-Mamoory, Ann Samari Ibrahim

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

This research presents an analytical study exploring the vital systems of energy science and their influence on architecture by examining ancient environmental philosophies like Feng Shui in China and bio-geometry in Egypt. These philosophies serve as guiding principles for studying energy and its impact on human daily life, highlighting their effects on integrated ecosystems in the design of residential buildings at both external and internal levels. The study examines key aspects such as the influence of energy on furniture arrangement in living spaces. The primary objective is to establish a synergistic relationship between architectural design of residential spaces during occupancy …

Some Aspects Of The Suitability Of Three-Story Residential Buildings For Vertical Housing In Iraq, Wisam William Saleem Al-Ayoubi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

This research initially aimed to examine the changes in housing since the 1930s, driven by rapid population growth and evolving lifestyles, juxtaposed with advancements in contemporary building materials that are environmentally compatible. After a comprehensive analysis of housing and living arrangements throughout history, including the evolution of open house units towards more interior-focused designs such as the Baghdadi house with its central courtyard, the study delved into the significant changes and the challenges posed by the rapid population growth. The focus of the study was on the viability of vertical housing in Iraq and the considerations related to low-rise residential …

Role Of Iconic Architecture In Sustainable Tourism Development, Basim H. H. Al-Majidi, Ann Samari Ibrahim

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Architecture "is an expression of the way of life and the spirit of the ages and cultures in which I grew up" as the buildings speak for themselves. While tourism is a scenario "to define a city to an unfamiliar audience and acquire an identity for a citizen". Both architecture and tourism have been linked together since time immemorial. Architecture was the main aspect of attracting crowds, while tourism helped architecture survive the test of time as well as money. Both tourism and architecture operate in a symbiotic manner to break the lack of familiarity with any culture and to …

Design Of A Pneumatic Soft Robotic Actuator Using Model-Based Optimization, Mahsa Raeisinezhad

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, the design and optimization process of a novel soft intelligent modular pad (IntelliPad) for the purpose of pressure injury prevention is presented. The structure of the IntelliPad consists of multiple individual multi-chamber soft pneumatic-driven actuators that use pressurized air and vacuum. Each actuator is able to provide both vertical and horizontal motions that can be controlled independently. An analytical modeling approach using multiple cantilever beams and virtual springs connected in a closed formed structure was developed to analyze the mechanical performance of the actuator. The analytical approach was validated by a finite element analysis. For optimizing the …

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Β-Cardiac Myosin Mutation (P710r) Leads To Hypercontractility By Disrupting Super Relaxed State, Alison Schroer Vander Roest, Chao Liu, Makenna M. Morck, Kristina Bezold Kooiker, Gwanghyun Jung, Dan Song, Aminah Dawood, Arnav Jhingran, Gaspard Pardon, Sara Ranjbarvaziri, Giovanni Fajardo, Mingming Zhao, Kenneth S. Campbell, Beth L. Pruitt, James A. Spudich, Kathleen M. Ruppel, Daniel Bernstein

Physiology Faculty Publications

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited form of heart disease, associated with over 1,000 mutations, many in β-cardiac myosin (MYH7). Molecular studies of myosin with different HCM mutations have revealed a diversity of effects on ATPase and load-sensitive rate of detachment from actin. It has been difficult to predict how such diverse molecular effects combine to influence forces at the cellular level and further influence cellular phenotypes. This study focused on the P710R mutation that dramatically decreased in vitro motility velocity and actin-activated ATPase, in contrast to other MYH7 mutations. Optical trap measurements of single myosin molecules revealed …

The Feasibility Of 18f-Fdg Labeled Rbc And Pet/Ct Imaging Blood Perfusion And Vascular Dysfunction Measurements In Pre-Clinical Research, Shaowei Wang

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Heart disease, dementia, and stroke are significant public health issues and leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Abnormalities in blood perfusion and vascular structures are seen in varieties of pathologies, including cerebrovascular diseases like stroke and dementia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease like atherosclerosis, diabetes, peripheral artery disease, and vasculitis, and tumor angiogenesis. Imaging perfusion/vascular abnormalities in these patients often plays a vital role in clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Vascular diseases typically present as macrovascular or microvascular diseases. Microvascular disease (MVD) refers to vascular disease primarily affecting the arterioles, venules, and capillaries in various organs. Furthermore, MVD is widely found …

Machine Learning Based Model For The Detection Of Brain Aneurysms From Mr Angiography, Katherine Becknell, Claire Bushnell, Rachel Fitzsimmons, Emily Sumner

Interdisciplinary Design Senior Theses

A brain aneurysm is a thin or weak spot on a blood vessel wall that expands and fills with blood. Brain aneurysms are very dangerous due to the fact that in most cases, patients do not show any symptoms. Because of this, aneurysms are difficult to diagnose unless it becomes very large or ruptures, resulting in fatal hemorrhage.

Aneurysms can be detected by a number of different brain imaging methods including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA), Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) and other imaging methods but for the sake of this report we will only be focusing on …

Scientific Mapping Of Research On Digital Pulmonary Function Test: A Bibliometric Analysis, Aditya Kekre Mr., Ashutosh Desai Mr., Ashwin Sujit Mr., Dhruv Dewett Mr., Shilpa Hudnurkar Prof.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Digital Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) is a non-invasive test that helps in evaluating the efficiency of a patient’s lungs. The test is key to keeping tabs on a patient’s health that may be suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Asthma, Restrictive Respiratory Disease, etc, as pollution increases day by day in the world the amount of people getting affected from it and being diagnosed with respiratory diseases the importance of PFT continues to grow. The Scopus database has been used exclusively for this analysis. A key observation of this survey has been that engineering and medicine have gone hand in …

Review And Analysis Of Methods For Measuring Concentration Of Suspended Substances And Active Sludge During Biological Treatment Of Waste Water, Maxsud Maxmudov, Siroj Nurov, Zafar Qo'ziev, Sanjar Sidiqov

Scientific-technical journal

This work analyzes and compares the measuring and technical characteristics of methods for measuring and controlling the parameters of activated sludge in the processes of biological wastewater treatment. As methods for measuring the concentration of activated sludge, methods such as the optical method, the ultrasonic method and the method for measuring the nuclear density of a liquid are considered. The principles of operation of each of these methods are illustrated with graphic drawings for more clarity of the interaction of the measuring signal with the particles of the measured medium. At the end of the work, conclusions on the characteristics …

Modeling The Effect Of Igg Subclasses And Specificity In The Translocation Of Monoclonal Antibodies Across The Placental Barrier, Sayuri Tais Miyamoto Magnabosco

ENGS 88 Honors Thesis (AB Students)

Infections are responsible for over half a million neonatal deaths every year (Lawn et al., 2014). Thus, there is huge interest in leveraging maternal immunization against infectious diseases to grant fetal protection during its development through the vertical transferring of IgG antibodies, the only Ig subclass that can significantly cross the placental barrier. Studies about vertical immunization rely on in-vitro models to extrapolate physiological conditions of the human placenta. The BeWo Transwell model (Bode et al., 2006) presents itself as a reliable model to mimic the transplacental transport mechanism of antibodies (Ellinger et al., 1999; Poulsen et al., 2009) …

Flash Radiotherapy: Skin Pigmentation As A Non-Invasive Indicator For Radiation-Induced Damage, Brady Mccallister

ENGS 88 Honors Thesis (AB Students)

FLASH ultra-high dose rate radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most rapidly growing subfields of radiation oncology today due to its potential to increase the limits of the therapeutic ratio. The FLASH effect, which includes heightened normal tissue sparing paired with iso-effective tumor cell killing, has been literature documented, in a limited manner, in rodent models, a few large animals, and one clinical patients.

A porcine-based experiment was conducted to test the effects of FLASH RT on normal tissue compared to conventional (CONV) RT. A clinical linear accelerator (LINAC) was reversibly converted to be capable of FLASH RT. A female …

Detection Methods And Clinical Applications Of Circulating Tumor Cells In Breast Cancer, Hongyi Zhang, Xiaoyan Lin, Yuan Huang, Minghong Wang, Chunmei Cen, Shasha Tang, Marcia R. Dique, Lu Cai, Manuel A. Luis, Jillian Smollar, Yuan Wan, Fengfeng Cai

Publications and Research

Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that split away from the primary tumor and appear in the circulatory system as singular units or clusters, which was first reported by Dr. Thomas Ashworth in 1869. CTCs migrate and implantation occurs at a new site, in a process commonly known as tumor metastasis. In the case of breast cancer, the tumor cells often migrate into locations such as the lungs, brain, and bones, even during the early stages, and this is a notable characteristic of breast cancer. Survival rates have increased significantly over the past few decades because of progress made …

Milkguard: Predictive Modeling And Mobile App Development For Affordable, Usable Breast Milk Diagnostic, Beau Hsia, Emma Mccurry

Bioengineering Senior Theses

Breast milk is considered the gold standard of infant nutrition, but some infants around the world lack access to it due to maternal health complications or other considerations. Human breast milk banks do exist to try to alleviate this problem, but most are underfunded and have high operational costs, making it difficult for some infants to obtain safe, reliable donated breast milk.

Existing methods of testing breast milk are expensive, so the MilkGuard project was conceptualized in 2017 as a fast, economical, and highly usable bacterial contamination detection system. Prior to this year, previous MilkGuard teams had developed a system …

Modeling Action Potential Propagation During Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Through A Three-Dimensional Computational Model, Julia Elizabeth Kelley

Master's Theses

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common monogenic disorder and the leading cause of sudden arrhythmic death in children and young adults. It is typically asymptomatic and first manifests itself during cardiac arrest, making it a challenge to diagnose in advance. Computational models can explore and reveal underlying molecular mechanisms in cardiac electrophysiology by allowing researchers to alter various parameters such as tissue size or ionic current amplitudes. The goal of this thesis is to develop a computational model in MATLAB and to determine if this model can accurately indicate cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This goal is achieved by combining …

Non-Ribosomal In Vivo Protein Ligation, Sarah Desautel, Kenneth Joseph, Victorino Miguel Francisco

Bioengineering Senior Theses

Protein ligation is a process integral to many biomedical applications, however the current industry standard, expressed protein ligation (EPL), is highly error prone and time-and-cost inefficient. Our team sought to improve this integral process by proving the efficacy of a new method of protein ligation using the transpeptidase Sortase A. Sortase A is known to efficiently bind two peptide fragments so long as they are attached to LPXTG motifs, which signal and activate the enzyme’s ligation abilities. Previous studies affirm Sortase A’s binding ability and efficacy in in vitro situations, however none have yet confirmed its abilities in vivo. Operating …

Classifying Common Knee Rehabilitation Exercise Mistakes Using Imu Data, Fedor Myagkov

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

Physical therapy following major surgeries is a branch of medicine that has seen its fair share of technologically inspired advances. One important facet of physical therapy, the “at-home exercises” patients are prescribed to do, is still somewhat of a “black box” to many physical therapists (PTs). PTs have no way of knowing (1) whether the patient is doing the home exercises, or (2) whether the patient is doing the exercises in the correct and healthy manner. This lack of awareness makes it difficult for the PT to guide the patient, which can often lead to prolonged rehabilitation periods or (sometimes) …

Patella Resection In Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Analytical Comparison Of Three Techniques, Kelsey Cushway

Medical Engineering Theses

Patella resection, as a routine component of TKA, can be both difficult to plan and difficult to execute. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of three unique patellar resection techniques used in total knee arthroplasty. The secondary purpose of this study was to establish whether different surgical techniques were able to reproduce preoperative plans made by each surgeon. We used radiographic measurements to evaluate patellar thickness and patellar cut angle preoperatively and postoperatively. Three techniques (45 cases in total) were evaluated, revealing qualitative differences between surgical techniques and significant quantitative differences between average patellar thickness …

Development Of Novel Deep Learning Models In The Detection Of Breast Cancer And Brain Aneurysm, Pradnya Patel

Bioengineering Master's Theses

Three deep learning models using convolutional neural network (CNN) were developed for the early detection of breast cancer and brain aneurysm. Model 1 was built for the detection of breast mass; it consists of 20 total layers including 5 convolutional layers, 5 maxpool layers with Rectifier Linear Unit as the activation function for feature extraction, one flatten layer, 4 batch normalization with fully connected layers, and one output layer. This CNN model was trained and validated on an open-source breast ultrasound dataset that contains a total of 830 images categorized into three classes: normal (133 images), benign (487 images), and …

Predictive Model For Design Of A 3d Developmental Neurotoxicity Platform, Emma Barrett-Catton, Murial Ross, Cameron Read

Bioengineering Senior Theses

Exposure to developmental toxins during gestation have been shown to be linked to neurological disorders such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, and dyslexia [1] . In this report we describe efforts that represent the ground work to develop a predictive neurotoxicity model to test developmental toxicity on early neuronal differentiation from drugs and toxins for human consumption or exposure. Developmental toxins are toxins that prevent stem cell differentiation into neurons by impacting neural development [2] . Currency technologies used to evaluate a compound's potential as a developmental toxin are centered around culturing stem cells in a two-dimensional environment or exposing animal models …

Classifying Brainwaves For Brain-Computer Interface Technology, Derrick Wang, Brendan Lawler

Bioengineering Senior Theses

The intention of this project is to develop a brainwave classification system that will help restore the independence of those with severe motor function impairments. While current brain computer interface (BCI) technology offers a means of control for those with limited mobility, severely motor disabled individuals represent a population in need of methods to restore independent motor control. Thus, the objective of our project is to utilize neural signals from electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings to develop a machine learning classifier. Since our specific goal is to help those with limited mobility, we are focusing on motion imagery tasks which elicit a …

Flow Visualization Of Bolus Microcapsule Delivery Through 3d Printed Microneedles, Sophie Quisling, Leana Vestal, Alexis Enstrom

Bioengineering Senior Theses

Microneedle arrays are an emerging technology that offers a novel drug delivery system to treat a variety of skin wounds and diseases. The needles deliver therapeutics to the epidermis layer of the skin and therefore establish advantageous qualities over the standard hypodermic needle as they are non-invasive, efficient in biologic absorption, and can be self-administered. This project investigates a custom 3D-printed hollow microneedle device created by a Santa Clara University Senior Design team in 2018 for microencapsulated cell extrusion to be applied for accelerated wound healing. The goal of our project is to operate in the therapeutic range for flowrate …

Lamin A/C Is Dispensable To Mechanical Repression Of Adipogenesis, Matthew Goelzer, Gunes Uzer

Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) maintain the musculoskeletal system by differentiating into multiple lineages, including osteoblasts and adipocytes. Mechanical signals, including strain and low-intensity vibration (LIV), are important regulators of MSC differentiation via control exerted through the cell structure. Lamin A/C is a protein vital to the nuclear architecture that supports chromatin organization and differentiation and contributes to the mechanical integrity of the nucleus. We investigated whether lamin A/C and mechanoresponsiveness are functionally coupled during adipogenesis in MSCs. siRNA depletion of lamin A/C increased the nuclear area, height, and volume and decreased the circularity and stiffness. Lamin A/C depletion significantly decreased …

A Gallium-Doped Cement For The Treatment Of Bone Cancers. The Effect Of Zno ↔ Ga2o3substitution Of An Ionomeric Glass Series On The Rheological, Mechanical, Ph And Ion-Eluting Properties Of Their Corresponding Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Sunjeev Phull, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The primary treatment for patients suffering from bone cancers is resection of the tumor followed by reconstruction of the damaged bone. Despite the administration of post-operative chemotherapy, tumor recurrence continues to present itself as a severe complication leading to re-operation. Attempts to incorporate chemotherapeutic drugs into bone cements elicits local toxic effects on healthy bone, which could compromise implant fixation. Alternatively, the local administration of gallium (Ga) may prove to be more effective. This report considers the development of a Ga ionomeric glass series (0.48SiO₂-0.355ZnO-0.06CaO-0.08SrO-0.02P₂O₅-0.005Ta₂O₅, with 0.01-0.05 mol% substitution for …

Portable Ventilator, Bradley C. Weeks, Jack W. Brewer, Sanders Sanabria

Electrical Engineering

The current COVID-19 pandemic has heavily impacted the healthcare system in the United States and elsewhere. The need for patients to have access to a hospital with a ventilator along with a shortage of ventilators for recovery and at-home care as a result of minimal hospital vacancy for patients has been greatly stressed. The presented problem is both an unmet demand and supply of portable and effective ventilators. Existing ventilators have many shortcomings that should be addressed: size, weight, cost, and complexity of current ventilators confines users to stay in a medical facility whilst being monitored by professionals. This both …

Flywheel Fanny Pack Balance Assist, Ella Joy Mahood, Jason Scott Provol, Raymond Ming Tseng

Biomedical Engineering

The aim of this project is to develop a wearable device that will provide support to a balance impaired individual. The device will be predicated on the principle of gyroscopes. It will include a rapidly spinning flywheel, which will resist any changes to spatial orientation.

Handheld Transvaginal Probe For Pap Smear Exams, Kim Knollenberg, Taeah Truong

Biomedical Engineering

This project aims to discard the use of the speculum in pap smear exams. A pap smear is a procedure that tests for cervical cancer in individuals assigned female at birth (AFAB) by screening cells collected from the cervix. Speculums are utilized in these examinations, as well as other gynecologic examinations and procedures. Due to the stigma and racist and misogynistic history of the speculum, we moved to design a device that removes the need for specula in pap smear exams. This device will aim to decrease the cervical cancer mortality rate and reduce the stigma around pap smear exams.

3-D Positioning System For Trackable Adjustments Of Papillary Muscles, Ryan Michael Winters, Micaela Andrea Bataclan, Christine Do, Giselle Morales

Biomedical Engineering

Redacted.

Hand Strength And Dexterity Enhancer, Julia Ann Denison, Autumn B. Rexford, Melissa A. Kurani, Christina K. Fong

Biomedical Engineering

Good Grips created the hand strength and dexterity enhancer project to meet the challenge presented by Bill Phelps. He has Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM), an inflammatory muscle disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Bill has limited strength in both hands and lost the ability to bend his fingers, making it difficult to grip anything. He needed a device that would help with everyday tasks such as writing, lifting, and holding various objects.

Our team consists of four engineering students attending Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo. We researched, designed, manufactured, and tested a device that would fulfill the problem …

Automatic Tourniquet For Military Emergencies, Arshia Nazerani Houshmand, Marina Felt, Blake Juett

Biomedical Engineering

This document contains the progress and development of an automated tourniquet that would be intended for use within the United States military. The project was student-led and sponsored. Coordination and confirmation of our device was provided by Dr. John F. Kragh, who is part of the U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research. The document will outline the research conducted on tourniquets, specification development of the tourniquet, morphology process, and final design production of the automatic tourniquet.