Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Student Counseling and Personnel Services Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (19)
- Counseling (17)
- Psychology (16)
- Counseling Psychology (15)
- Counselor Education (15)
-
- Curriculum and Instruction (9)
- Curriculum and Social Inquiry (9)
- Sociology (9)
- Social Psychology (8)
- Educational Psychology (7)
- Law (7)
- Other Education (7)
- Developmental Psychology (6)
- Other Psychology (6)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (6)
- Academic Advising (5)
- Development Studies (5)
- Educational Methods (5)
- School Psychology (5)
- Adult and Continuing Education Administration (4)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (4)
- Experimental Analysis of Behavior (4)
- Multicultural Psychology (4)
- Other Sociology (4)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (3)
- Legislation (3)
- Other Educational Administration and Supervision (3)
- Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance (3)
- Keyword
-
- Ethics (7)
- Counseling (6)
- Adoption (5)
- Counselor education (4)
- Birth parents (3)
-
- Psychotherapy (3)
- Relationships (3)
- Social justice (3)
- Trauma (3)
- Adoptees (2)
- Autism (2)
- Black fathers (2)
- Counseling Psychology (2)
- Counseling psychologist (2)
- Counselors (2)
- Dimensions of diversity (2)
- Ethnography (2)
- Gender (2)
- Grief (2)
- Microaggressions (2)
- Multiculturalism (2)
- Rehabilitation counseling (2)
- Religion (2)
- Spirituality (2)
- Supervision (2)
- ACA model (1)
- Addiction (1)
- Adopted person (1)
- Adoption policy (1)
- Adoption practice (1)
- Publication Year
Articles 1 - 30 of 44
Full-Text Articles in Student Counseling and Personnel Services
“It’S Just Hard Reaching Out”: Factors Affecting Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Independent College Students., Beth Sapiro, Svetlana Shpiegel, Silvia Ramirez Quiroz, Marissa Ventola, Oomi Helen Nwankwo, Tariro Munyereyi
“It’S Just Hard Reaching Out”: Factors Affecting Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Independent College Students., Beth Sapiro, Svetlana Shpiegel, Silvia Ramirez Quiroz, Marissa Ventola, Oomi Helen Nwankwo, Tariro Munyereyi
Department of Social Work and Child Advocacy Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Foster care alumni and other independent students experience considerable difficulties in pursuit of higher education, due to a lack of family support, financial problems, and the impacts of their experiences of maltreatment and system involvement. Nonetheless, many of these students are reluctant to reach out for help when they encounter academic or personal challenges. The purpose of the present study was to examine factors affecting help seeking behaviors among foster care alumni and other independent students enrolled in a four-year university. We conducted in-depth, individual interviews with 23 independent students ages 18-23, as well as 5 university staff connected to …
Military Service And Offending Behaviors Of Emerging Adults: A Conceptual Review, Christopher Salvatore, Travis A. Taniguchi
Military Service And Offending Behaviors Of Emerging Adults: A Conceptual Review, Christopher Salvatore, Travis A. Taniguchi
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Focusing on the United States, this paper examines the impact of military service for the cohort of individuals that have experienced the social factors that characterize emerging adulthood as a unique stage in the life course. We argue that military service, as a turning point, may act differently in contemporary times compared to findings from past research. This difference is driven by changes in military service, the draft versus volunteer military service, and the prevalence of emerging adulthood. As a background, we describe emerging adulthood, examine how emerging adulthood relates to crime and deviance, explore the impact of military life …
Contributing Factors To Earning Tenure Among Black Male Counselor Educators, Michael Hannon, Tyce Nadrich, Alfonso L. Ferguson, Matthew W. Bonner, David J. Ford, Linwood G. Vereen
Contributing Factors To Earning Tenure Among Black Male Counselor Educators, Michael Hannon, Tyce Nadrich, Alfonso L. Ferguson, Matthew W. Bonner, David J. Ford, Linwood G. Vereen
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
The authors used a phenomenological research design and a critical race theory lens to examine interviews with 8 Black male counselor educators and learn what contributed to their earning tenure. Participants described requisite personal dispositions and institutional support as contributing factors. Recommendations include facilitating programmatic sociocultural awareness, assessing faculty experiences, and coordinating mentoring opportunities.
Microaggression Experiences Of Fathers With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Michael Hannon, Raymond Blanchard, Cassandra A. Storlie
Microaggression Experiences Of Fathers With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Michael Hannon, Raymond Blanchard, Cassandra A. Storlie
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Using interpretive phenomenological analysis, we interviewed six fathers to learn about their experiences in acclimating others to their children’s autism spectrum diagnoses. Results indicate a need for counselors to understand and support clients who experience frequent microaggressions and stereotyping related to autism spectrum disorder and its subsequent influence on fathers’ mental health and family wellness. Recommendations for working with families of individuals with autism and additional research are presented.
Turning To Waheguru: Religious And Cultural Coping Mechanisms Of Bereaved Sikhs, Muninder Ahluwalia, Raman Kaur Mohabir
Turning To Waheguru: Religious And Cultural Coping Mechanisms Of Bereaved Sikhs, Muninder Ahluwalia, Raman Kaur Mohabir
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Grief and loss are universal experiences for all individuals and communities. The experience of a loss due to death and the bereavement process to follow are influenced by an individual’s religious values and beliefs. In this article, we discuss the Sikh bereavement process in the United States. We provide brief personal narratives as exemplar case studies, highlight religious and cultural factors, and explain potential challenges of bereavement. Finally, we discuss implications for mental health clinicians and other providers of services that surround death and dying.
School Counselors, Multiple Student Deaths, And Grief: A Narrative Inquiry, Michael Hannon, Raman K. Mohabir, Richard E. Cleveland, Brandon Hunt
School Counselors, Multiple Student Deaths, And Grief: A Narrative Inquiry, Michael Hannon, Raman K. Mohabir, Richard E. Cleveland, Brandon Hunt
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
A team of 5 school counselors were interviewed to learn how they professionally and personally experienced the deaths of multiple students in 1 year in their school while attending to the needs of the school community. By using narrative inquiry, 5 themes emerged from the analysis: gravity of the losses, logistics of care, personal vs. professional conflicts, increased student cohesion, and efficacy. Recommendations for counselor preparation, research, and counseling practice are offered.
Influence Of Autism On Fathering Style Among Black American Fathers: A Narrative Inquiry, Michael Hannon, Ebony E. White, Tyce Nadrich
Influence Of Autism On Fathering Style Among Black American Fathers: A Narrative Inquiry, Michael Hannon, Ebony E. White, Tyce Nadrich
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Attention to Black men's fathering styles, especially those who have children with autism, has been largely overlooked. This study presents the narratives of six Black American fathers of individuals with autism and how autism influences their fathering practice. Results suggest fathering individuals with autism can yield greater patience in fathering practice, amidst some normative challenges associated with the diagnosis. Family therapists serving Black families and fathers of children with autism can enhance the therapeutic alliance by acknowledging cultural influences on fathering and family practices. Recommendations for clinical practice and research are shared. Practitioner points: Autism influences family systems in unique …
Are Charter Schools The Second Coming Of Enron?: An Examination Of The Gatekeepers That Protect Against Dangerous Related-Party Transactions In The Charter School Sectors, Preston C. Green, Bruce D. Baker, Joseph Oluwole
Are Charter Schools The Second Coming Of Enron?: An Examination Of The Gatekeepers That Protect Against Dangerous Related-Party Transactions In The Charter School Sectors, Preston C. Green, Bruce D. Baker, Joseph Oluwole
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Fathers’ Orientation To Their Children’S Autism Diagnosis: A Grounded Theory Study, Michael Hannon, La Chan V. Hannon
Fathers’ Orientation To Their Children’S Autism Diagnosis: A Grounded Theory Study, Michael Hannon, La Chan V. Hannon
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Sixteen fathers of individuals with autism were interviewed to develop a grounded theory explaining how they learned about their children’s autism diagnosis. Results suggest the orientation process entails at least two phases: orienting oneself and orienting others. The orienting oneself phase entailed fathers having suspicion of developmental differences, engaging in research and education activities, having their children formally evaluated; inquiring about their children’s prognosis, and having curiosities about autism’s etiology. The orienting others phase entailed orientating family members and orienting members of their broader communities. Recommendations for responsive service provision, support for fathers, and future research are offered.
Black Existentialism: Extending The Discourse On Meaning And Existence, Linwood G. Vereen, Lisa A. Wines, Tamiko Lemberger-Truelove, Michael Hannon, Natasha Howard, Isaac Burt
Black Existentialism: Extending The Discourse On Meaning And Existence, Linwood G. Vereen, Lisa A. Wines, Tamiko Lemberger-Truelove, Michael Hannon, Natasha Howard, Isaac Burt
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
The authors provide an exploration of the philosophical concepts of Black existentialism. Black existentialism is presented as a philosophical alternative to European existentialism to inform humanistic practices in addressing racial and social inequality. Implications for scholarly discourse are provided, and areas for future research are explored.
Acknowledging Intersectionality: An Autoethnography Of A Black School Counselor Educator & Father Of A Student With Autism, Michael Hannon
Acknowledging Intersectionality: An Autoethnography Of A Black School Counselor Educator & Father Of A Student With Autism, Michael Hannon
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Black families and White families are affected by autism in different ways. Little scholarship acknowledges these differences, especially those communicated by Black fathers of students with autism. In this article, I share an evocative autoethnography which highlights how my cultural, familial, and occupational identities intersect and confound my experience as a Black father of a student with autism. The narrative focuses the negotiation between my son's schoolteachers and staff and my wife and I as we determine educational services in his Individualized Education Plan.
Irreducibility Of Black Male Clients: Considerations For Culturally Competent Counseling, Michael Hannon, Linwood G. Vereen
Irreducibility Of Black Male Clients: Considerations For Culturally Competent Counseling, Michael Hannon, Linwood G. Vereen
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
An exploration of Black men as clients is presented. The concept of irreducibility through the humanistic lens is shared as a means of providing counselors the wherewithal to reframe the internal paradigm of clinical work with Black men. Recommendations for counselor exploration and clinical practice are offered.
“Do You Know Your Real Parents?” And Other Adoption Microaggressions, Amanda Baden
“Do You Know Your Real Parents?” And Other Adoption Microaggressions, Amanda Baden
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Myths, fairy tales, films, books, and everyday communication contain images and stories of orphans and adoptees that convey societal discomfort and judgment about adoption (i.e., adoption stigma). In this article, I apply the microaggression model to adoption-related experiences using the literature and theory on adoption stigma. Definitions for adoption-related microaggressions (microassaults, microinvalidations, and microinsults) and a fourth type of microaggression called microfictions (i.e., shared and hidden narratives that contribute to and define the secrecy in adoption) are introduced. Thirteen themes for adoption microaggressions and examples for each are proposed.
Culture Camp, Ethnic Identity, And Adoption Socialization For Korean Adoptees: A Pretest And Posttest Study, Amanda Baden
Culture Camp, Ethnic Identity, And Adoption Socialization For Korean Adoptees: A Pretest And Posttest Study, Amanda Baden
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
This study explores the impact of racial-ethnic socialization on adopted South Korean children and adolescents who attended a sleepaway Korean culture camp for one week. This camp provided racial-ethnic socialization experiences via exposure to camp counselors, staff, and teachers who were Korean Americans, Korean nationals, and Korean adult adoptees, and exposure to cultural activities and discussions. Using a pretest-posttest design to control for the lack of a comparison group (McCall & Green, ), 75 Korean adoptee children and adolescents (mean age = 12.96) completed both the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) surveys at …
New Trends And Directions In Ethnic Identity Among Internationally Transracially Adopted Persons: Summary Of Special Issue, Rosa Rosnati, Ellen E. Pinderhughes, Amanda Baden, Harold D. Grotevant, Richard M. Lee, Jayashree Mohanty
New Trends And Directions In Ethnic Identity Among Internationally Transracially Adopted Persons: Summary Of Special Issue, Rosa Rosnati, Ellen E. Pinderhughes, Amanda Baden, Harold D. Grotevant, Richard M. Lee, Jayashree Mohanty
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
The collective findings of the six articles in this special issue highlight the importance of ethnic-racial socialization and ethnic identity among international transracial adoptees (ITRAs). A multidimensional developmental phenomenon, ethnic identity intersects with other identities, notably adoptive identity. Family, peers, community, and host culture are important socialization contexts that engage transracial adoptees in transactional processes that promote ethnic identity development. New directions in research were identified, including developmental processes in navigating ethnic and other identities, similarities and differences in ethnic identity between ITRAs and immigrants, the effectiveness of interventions targeting ethnic identity in ITRAs, and the impact of discrimination on …
Teacher Satisfaction And Turnover In Charter Schools: Examining The Variations And Possibilities For Collective Bargaining In State Laws, A. Chris Torres, Joseph Oluwole
Teacher Satisfaction And Turnover In Charter Schools: Examining The Variations And Possibilities For Collective Bargaining In State Laws, A. Chris Torres, Joseph Oluwole
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Charter schools see as many as one in four teachers leave annually, and recent evidence attributes much of this turnover to provisions affected by collective bargaining processes and state laws such as salary, benefits, job security, and working hours. There have been many recent efforts to improve teacher voice in charter schools (Kahlenberg & Potter, 2014), including engaging in some form of collective bargaining, but we know little about the possibilities dictated by state laws. Therefore, this article describes the possibilities and variations for collective bargaining by state and for different charter types (e.g., conversion vs. newly created charters), as …
Gender Self-Confidence And Social Influence: Impact On Working Alliance, Ruthann Smith Anderson, Dana Levitt
Gender Self-Confidence And Social Influence: Impact On Working Alliance, Ruthann Smith Anderson, Dana Levitt
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
The authors investigated the relationships between the counselor's gender self-confidence, the counselor's use of social influence within the counseling session, and the counselor's sex in relation to the counseling relationship. These attributes were studied with regard to how deeply a therapeutic working alliance developed between the counselor and the client. Results support the importance of counselor characteristics on the counselor-client alliance. Implications for teaching, research, and practice are presented.
Evidence-Based Teaching In Higher Education: Application To Counselor Education, Krista M. Malott, K. Hridaya Hall, Angela Sheely-Moore, Megan M. Krell, Leeann Cardaciotto
Evidence-Based Teaching In Higher Education: Application To Counselor Education, Krista M. Malott, K. Hridaya Hall, Angela Sheely-Moore, Megan M. Krell, Leeann Cardaciotto
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
The authors examined best practices in university-level teaching, as premised on the evidence-based teaching (EBT) literature found in fields external to counselor education. Findings were reported in relation to 3 areas: developing an effective learning environment, structuring intentional learning experiences, and assessing teaching effectiveness. Implications regarding the training of doctoral-level counselor educators using EBT practices are discussed.
Best Practices In Clinical Supervision: Evolution Of A Counseling Specialty, Harriet L. Glosoff, L. Dianne Borders, Laura E. Welfare, Danica G. Hays, Lorraine Dekruyf, Delini M. Fernando, Betsy Page
Best Practices In Clinical Supervision: Evolution Of A Counseling Specialty, Harriet L. Glosoff, L. Dianne Borders, Laura E. Welfare, Danica G. Hays, Lorraine Dekruyf, Delini M. Fernando, Betsy Page
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
A number of developments have marked the evolution of clinical supervision as a separate specialty since publication of the Standards for Counseling Supervisors in 1990, including accreditation and counselor licensure standards, supervisor credentials, and research on supervision practice and supervisor training, nationally and internationally. Such developments culminated in the development of a statement of Supervision Best Practices Guidelines. The Guidelines are described, followed by suggestions for their implementation and further evolution through research.
A Path Of Counselor Self-Awareness, Alyson M. Pompeo, Dana Levitt
A Path Of Counselor Self-Awareness, Alyson M. Pompeo, Dana Levitt
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
This article explores self-reflection and self-awareness from an ethical standpoint, proposing that counselors have a responsibility to themselves, their clients, and the profession to engage in these practices. The authors propose a path to counselor self-awareness and a 2nd process that assumes counselor mastery.
Counseling College Women: The Interplay Of Psychological Development, Social Factors, Alcohol, And Sexual Risk-Taking, Alyson M. Pompeo, Leslie Kooyman, Gloria Pierce
Counseling College Women: The Interplay Of Psychological Development, Social Factors, Alcohol, And Sexual Risk-Taking, Alyson M. Pompeo, Leslie Kooyman, Gloria Pierce
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
This article examines how traditional college-age women adjust to the campus environment, including alcohol usage and sexual risk-taking, from a developmental/feminist perspective. Interpersonal adjustment, alcohol usage, and sexual risk-taking are explored, with consideration for physical and psychosocial consequences. Recommendations for counseling, including an illustrative case example, are provided.
International Adoption: Counseling And The Adoption Triad, Amanda Baden, Judith L. Gibbons, Samantha L. Wilson, Hollee Mcginnis
International Adoption: Counseling And The Adoption Triad, Amanda Baden, Judith L. Gibbons, Samantha L. Wilson, Hollee Mcginnis
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Despite a 60-plus-year history of international adoption (IA) placements, the body of research exploring counseling and psychological interventions for those affected by IA is still in its infancy. This critical review of the state of the literature addresses research, theory, and practice relevant to the international adoption triad (adoptive parents, birth parents, and adoptees). We highlight the lack of empirical attention to the clinical needs of birth parents, the tendency to overlook the clinical needs of adoptive parents both pre- and post-adoption, early childhood vulnerability in international adoptees, and adolescent identity challenges and the attendant clinical issues.
The Legal Consequences Of Mandating High Stakes Decisions Based On Low Quality Information: Teacher Evaluation In The Race-To-The-Top Era, Bruce D. Baker, Joseph Oluwole, Preston C. Green
The Legal Consequences Of Mandating High Stakes Decisions Based On Low Quality Information: Teacher Evaluation In The Race-To-The-Top Era, Bruce D. Baker, Joseph Oluwole, Preston C. Green
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
In this article, we explain how overly prescriptive, rigid state statutory and regulatory policy frameworks regarding teacher evaluation, tenure and employment decisions outstrip the statistical reliability and validity of proposed measures of teaching effectiveness. We begin with a discussion of the emergence of highly prescriptive state legislation regarding the use of student testing data within teacher evaluation systems, specifically for purposes of making employment decisions. Next, we explain the most problematic features of those policies, which include a) requirements that test-based measures constitute fixed, non-negotiable weight in final decisions, b) that test-based measures are used to place teachers into categories …
A Call To Integrate Religious Communities Into Practice: The Case Of Sikhs, Muninder Ahluwalia, Anjali Alimchandani
A Call To Integrate Religious Communities Into Practice: The Case Of Sikhs, Muninder Ahluwalia, Anjali Alimchandani
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Sikhs, an ethnic and religious minority group in the United States, have seen a significant shift in their social location since 9/11. They have experienced harassment and violence beyond race and ethnicity to the visible markers of the religion (e.g., turbans). In this article, we address how counseling psychology is uniquely positioned to work with Sikhs given these circumstances. We provide an overview of Sikh Americans, including specific experiences that may affect treatment such as race-based traumatic injury, identification as a part of a visible religious minority group, and the impact of historic community-level trauma. We discuss recommendations for practitioners …
A Call To Integrate Religious Communities Into Practice: The Case Of Sikhs, Muninder Kaur Ahluwalia, Anjali Alimchandani
A Call To Integrate Religious Communities Into Practice: The Case Of Sikhs, Muninder Kaur Ahluwalia, Anjali Alimchandani
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Sikhs, an ethnic and religious minority group in the United States, have seen a significant shift in their social location since 9/11. They have experienced harassment and violence beyond race and ethnicity to the visible markers of the religion (e.g., turbans). In this article, we address how counseling psychology is uniquely positioned to work with Sikhs given these circumstances. We provide an overview of Sikh Americans, including specific experiences that may affect treatment such as race-based traumatic injury, identification as a part of a visible religious minority group, and the impact of historic community-level trauma. We discuss recommendations for practitioners …
Holding My Breath: The Experience Of Being Sikh After 9/11, Muninder Kaur Ahluwalia
Holding My Breath: The Experience Of Being Sikh After 9/11, Muninder Kaur Ahluwalia
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
This article is based on the author’s experiences after the 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York City and the impact of the attacks on her life as a New Yorker, an academic, and a member of a Sikh family and community. To position the author’s narrative, her reflection integrates race-based traumatic stress (Carter, 2007), a model suggesting that individuals who are targets of racism experience harm or injury. The author outlines lessons learned that affect her both personally and professionally, including (a) Paralysis can happen but advocacy and allies are healing, (b) Trauma changes the work, and (c) …
Using Supervision To Prepare Social Justice Counseling Advocates, Harriet L. Glosoff, Judith C. Durham
Using Supervision To Prepare Social Justice Counseling Advocates, Harriet L. Glosoff, Judith C. Durham
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
Over the past several years, there has been an increased focus on integrating not only multiculturalism in the counseling profession, but also advocacy and social justice. Although the professional literature addresses the importance of cultural competence in supervision, there is a paucity of information about social justice advocacy in relation to the process of counseling supervision. In this article, the authors share a rationale for Integrating a social justice advocacy orientation in supervision, discuss the connection between diversity and social justice advocacy counseling competence, address challenges faced by supervisors, and suggest specific strategies for use in supervision to prepare counselors …
Spiritual Bypass: A Preliminary Investigation, Harriet L. Glosoff, Craig S. Cashwell, Chereé Hammond
Spiritual Bypass: A Preliminary Investigation, Harriet L. Glosoff, Craig S. Cashwell, Chereé Hammond
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
The phenomenon of spiritual bypass has received limited attention in the transpersonal psychology and counseling literature and has not been subjected to empirical inquiry. This study examines the phenomenon of spiritual bypass by considering how spirituality, mindfulness, alexithymia (emotional restrictiveness), and narcissism work together to influence depression and anxiety among college students. Results suggested that mindfulness and alexithymia accounted for variance in depression beyond what is accounted for by spirituality and that all 3 factors (mindfulness, alexithymia, and narcissism) accounted for variance in anxiety beyond what is accounted for by spirituality. Implications for counselors are provided.
Rehabilitation Counselor Education And The New Code Of Ethics, Harriet L. Glosoff, Rocco Cottone
Rehabilitation Counselor Education And The New Code Of Ethics, Harriet L. Glosoff, Rocco Cottone
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
The purpose of this article is to discuss recent changes in the Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor Certification Code of Professional Ethics for Rehabilitation Counselors , effective January 1, 2010, that are most relevant to rehabilitation counselor educators. The authors provide a brief overview of these key changes along with implications for ethical practice in rehabilitation counselor education.
Ethical Issues In Rehabilitation Counselor Supervision And The New 2010 Code Of Ethics, Harriet L. Glosoff, Kathe F. Matrone
Ethical Issues In Rehabilitation Counselor Supervision And The New 2010 Code Of Ethics, Harriet L. Glosoff, Kathe F. Matrone
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
The 2010 revision of the Code of Professional Ethics for Rehabilitation Counselors addresses changes in ethical standards related to rehabilitation counselor supervision. In an effort to promote awareness of these changes, this article offers a brief overview of the revisions and implications for practice including the responsibility of supervisors to actively engage in and support professional development activities.