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2023

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Articles 61 - 90 of 511

Full-Text Articles in Educational Psychology

Profiles Of Cross-Domain Motivational Beliefs: Relations With Engagement And Gender, Alireza Maghsoudlou Dec 2023

Profiles Of Cross-Domain Motivational Beliefs: Relations With Engagement And Gender, Alireza Maghsoudlou

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

A central tenet of expectancy-value theory is that individuals’ relative expectancies and values across multiple academic domains influence their achievement-related outcomes. However, few studies have investigated how expectancy-value beliefs in multiple domains combine within individuals and how such motivational configurations are related to engagement. In this study, a person-centered approach was employed to identify and evaluate naturally occurring combinations of motivational beliefs among 3,928 fourth-grade students. Leveraging TIMSS and PIRLS database of 2011, I examined profiles of students’ math, reading, and science self-concept and interest value and their relations with engagement in these domains. Additionally, I examined gender as predictors …


A 21 Year Meta Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of Trauma-Sensitive Schools Initiatives, Megan Ann Blanton Dec 2023

A 21 Year Meta Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of Trauma-Sensitive Schools Initiatives, Megan Ann Blanton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

Childhood exposure to adversity is prevalent, with most individuals in the United States having experienced at least one adverse event in childhood (Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative, 2019; Merrick et al., 2018). Low dosages of childhood adversity experienced within the context of a safe and caring home environment can promote the development of healthy coping skills that prepare children for future adversity. However, childhood adversity that is intense, chronic, or complex can result in a toxic stress response that leads to the development of mental illness, physical health concerns, cognitive deficits, academic performance deficits, and in severe cases, premature …


Gap In Teaching Modules And Learning Practices Of Pancasila Education In Elementary Schools, Sama’ Sama’, Muhammad Misbahudholam Ar, Ali Armadi Nov 2023

Gap In Teaching Modules And Learning Practices Of Pancasila Education In Elementary Schools, Sama’ Sama’, Muhammad Misbahudholam Ar, Ali Armadi

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

This study analyzes the gap between teaching modules and learning practices of Pancasila Education in elementary schools using a qualitative multi-case study. The findings show gaps in learning media, differentiated learning, value reflection, attitude assessment, and the use of local context as learning resources.


Embracing Uncertainty: A Narrative Case Study On Teacher-Learner Relationships Through Restorative Justice Practices In Education, Zachary Schafer, Guy Trainin Nov 2023

Embracing Uncertainty: A Narrative Case Study On Teacher-Learner Relationships Through Restorative Justice Practices In Education, Zachary Schafer, Guy Trainin

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Theses and Other Student Research

Restorative justice practices in educational settings recognising trauma and extreme life circumstances have become increasingly relevant since the COVID-19 pandemic and the growing impacts of climate change. This narrative inquiry uses Clandinin and Connelly’s suggestions for data collection and narrative structure to describe the interactions between one teacher and one learner over the course of two years in a programme created as an alternative to school suspension. Using a dual framework combining a variety of perspectives from restorative justice practices and Chen’s model of uncertainty management in science education, the researchers iteratively and thematically analysed the teacher-learner interactions. The storied …


Education And The Epistemological Crisis In The Age Of Chatgpt, Casandra Silva Sibilin Nov 2023

Education And The Epistemological Crisis In The Age Of Chatgpt, Casandra Silva Sibilin

Publications and Research

The emergence of ChatGPT and its ability to imitate student work has precipitated a crisis in education. Responses range from practical efforts to detect or prevent ChatGPT use to existential reflection about learning and assessment. However, the crisis is also epistemological, with educators struggling to determine what students know and fearing that student knowledge is diminishing. The educational philosophies of Socrates, Dewey, and Freire suggest that recognition of ignorance of different kinds (inquisitive, predictive, and practical)on the part of educators is uncomfortable but essential for improving the aims and methods of education. In this way, ChatGPT and the philosophy of …


Analyzing The Impact Of An Informal Mathematics Teaching Experience On Preservice Teacher Mathematics Teaching Self-Efficacy, Kayla Fruth Nov 2023

Analyzing The Impact Of An Informal Mathematics Teaching Experience On Preservice Teacher Mathematics Teaching Self-Efficacy, Kayla Fruth

Honors Projects

A teacher’s sense of efficacy is their belief in their capability to successfully accomplish a specific task. Teachers with a high sense of efficacy exert more effort, persistence, and commitment to teaching, which leads to higher student achievement and attitudes. The purpose of this study is to determine how participation in an informal mathematics teaching experience impacts preservice teachers’ sense of mathematics teaching self-efficacy. This research was conducted at one informal mathematics teaching experience, during which, all participants completed pre-surveys and post-surveys rating their mathematics teaching self-efficacy using the MTEBI. Later, some participants were interviewed to gain insight into their …


Merging Acceptance And Commitment Therapy With Exposure Exercises To Treat Social Anxiety In A Teen, Caleb D. Farley, Michael P. Twohig Nov 2023

Merging Acceptance And Commitment Therapy With Exposure Exercises To Treat Social Anxiety In A Teen, Caleb D. Farley, Michael P. Twohig

Psychology Faculty Publications

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) often develops during teenager years, and it is important to conceptualize developmentally appropriate interventions. Exposure therapy framed from a perspective of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) shows promise for decreasing pathology and increasing wellbeing. This case illustrates the process through which exposure therapy was integrated with ACT to elicit meaningful outcomes in a case of SAD with a 16-year-old female. Treatment outcomes assessed included engagement in values-based activities as well as assessments of depression, social anxiety, separation anxiety, generalized anxiety, experiential avoidance, and contextually targeted school-based wellbeing. Intervention centered on learning ACT principles through relatable metaphors …


Put On Your Own Oxygen Mask First: Exploring School Principals’ Stress And Workplace Well-Being, Dl Alex Alexander Nov 2023

Put On Your Own Oxygen Mask First: Exploring School Principals’ Stress And Workplace Well-Being, Dl Alex Alexander

Education Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to highlight the importance of studying and promoting well-being to help manage stress and prevent burnout among school principals, examine potential gender disparities, and to consider implications for future practice. Grounded in a positive psychology framework, this study examined the correlations among school principals’ workplace well-being, perceived stress, self-compassion, and intent to remain in their roles using a non-experimental, descriptive survey method. In Washington State, 124 school principals responded to an online survey over a span of 11 weeks. Descriptive, correlation, moderation, independent t-test analyses were performed on quantitative data, and qualitative data was …


Design Thinking’S Effect On Empathy Development In Middle School English- Language Arts, Kim Starkey Nov 2023

Design Thinking’S Effect On Empathy Development In Middle School English- Language Arts, Kim Starkey

Dissertations

The purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the impact of Design Thinking on students' empathy development in middle school English Language Arts (ELA) classrooms. The study involved two middle school instructors with eight classes, implementing Design Thinking, Reader's Workshop, and traditional ELA curriculum in different combinations (n =102) and two control classes (n =27).

The Adolescent Empathy Measure (AMES) and rubrics for analyzing student writing samples were used to assess changes in empathy. The AMES was given before and after the interventions, and the writing samples were analyzed before and after the interventions as well. The findings indicate …


Pursuing Happiness: Teaching Scientific-Based Strategies For Subjective Well-Being In The Ela Classroom, Adam V. Piccoli Nov 2023

Pursuing Happiness: Teaching Scientific-Based Strategies For Subjective Well-Being In The Ela Classroom, Adam V. Piccoli

New Jersey English Journal

Increased rates of mental health issues have hurt student engagement levels. This article offers research-based strategies designed to improve subjective well-being for students. Practical examples of how to apply these strategies in the English Language Arts classroom are provided.


Lessons Learned About Evaluating Fairness From A Data Challenge To Automatically Score Naep Reading Items, Maggie Beiting-Parrish, John Whitmer Nov 2023

Lessons Learned About Evaluating Fairness From A Data Challenge To Automatically Score Naep Reading Items, Maggie Beiting-Parrish, John Whitmer

Chinese/English Journal of Educational Measurement and Evaluation | 教育测量与评估双语期刊

Natural language processing (NLP) is widely used to predict human scores for open-ended student assessment responses in various content areas (Johnson et al., 2022). Ensuring algorithmic fairness based on student demographic background factors is crucial (Madnani et al., 2017). This study presents a fairness analysis of six top-performing entries from a data challenge involving 20 NAEP reading comprehension items that were initially analyzed for fairness based on race/ethnicity and gender. This study describes additional fairness evaluation including English Language Learner Status (ELLs), Individual Education Plans, and Free/Reduced-Price Lunch. Several items showed lower accuracy for predicted scores, particularly for ELLs. This …


Modeling Student-Instructor Interactions To Predict Changes In Student Mindset, David Chan, Oyita Udiani, Rani Satyam, Miriah Dudley Nov 2023

Modeling Student-Instructor Interactions To Predict Changes In Student Mindset, David Chan, Oyita Udiani, Rani Satyam, Miriah Dudley

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.


Value Added By Using Joint Displays In Mixed Methods Research, Elizabeth Svoboda Nov 2023

Value Added By Using Joint Displays In Mixed Methods Research, Elizabeth Svoboda

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Mixed methods research collects, analyzes, and integrates rigorous qualitative and quantitative methods to gain a deeper understanding of a phenomenon than would be gained by using either method alone. Integration is one of the key features of mixed methods research and consists of mixing qualitative and quantitative research in a systematic way to generate new inferences or follow-up studies. However, the process of integration can be challenging to draw on expertise in both qualitative and quantitative methods, decide when and how to integrate qualitative and quantitative research, and combine multiple data sources in a coherent way to generate new inferences. …


Implementing Transformative Education With Participatory Action Research: A Review, Niroj Dahal Nov 2023

Implementing Transformative Education With Participatory Action Research: A Review, Niroj Dahal

The Qualitative Report

I write this review of the book, Implementing Transformative Education with Participatory Action Research, for readers, writers, and novice and veteran researchers in various social sciences disciplines and educational landscapes. The book explores using Participatory Action Research (PAR) to implement transformative education. The book argues that PAR can be used to create contextualized, sustainable, and student-centered learning environments. It offers invaluable insights from experts who have actively worked on innovative approaches to school transformation. The book also provides practical guidance and research-based strategies to help scholars effectively navigate challenges and implement transformative education. Overall, the book is a valuable …


The Reliability Of Maslach Burnout Inventory In Arab Studies: Reliability Generalization Meta-Analyses Study, Saud Shaish Alenezi Phd Nov 2023

The Reliability Of Maslach Burnout Inventory In Arab Studies: Reliability Generalization Meta-Analyses Study, Saud Shaish Alenezi Phd

International Journal for Research in Education

The current study aimed to identify the mean effect size of the alpha coefficient for the overall reliability of the MBI scale, and for the sub-dimensions; Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal achievement through the analysis of (32) studies in which the inclusion criteria were met. The results of the research indicated that the mean alpha coefficient across the studies (n = 32) for overall reliability and dimensions; Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal achievement were 0.83, 0.83, 0.78, and 0.77, respectively. It indicated that the mean alpha coefficient of the MBI scale varied significantly according to the …


Teaching Anxiety And Its Relationship With Mind Habits Among New Teachers In The Sultanate Of Oman, Bahia Abdullah Al Rashdi Ms, Tahya Mohammed Al-Twbi Mrs Nov 2023

Teaching Anxiety And Its Relationship With Mind Habits Among New Teachers In The Sultanate Of Oman, Bahia Abdullah Al Rashdi Ms, Tahya Mohammed Al-Twbi Mrs

International Journal for Research in Education

The study aimed at investigating the relationship between teaching anxiety and mind habits among new teachers in The Sultanate of Oman. The random sample of the study consisted of 373 teachers, (198) teachers of humanity sciences and (175) teachers of applied sciences. The study used the descriptive correlational method. To achieve the study’s objectives, the researchers designed teaching anxiety scale and mind habits scale which consisted of 3 domains (persistence, thinking flexible, and thinking interdependently). The results revealed that the level of teaching anxiety among new teachers is low while the level of mind habits is high. They also showed …


Various Enablers As Predictors Of Bachelor Of Library And Information Science Students’ Thriving At School, Jolo Van Clyde Simbajon Abatayo, Contisza Calinawan Abadiez Nov 2023

Various Enablers As Predictors Of Bachelor Of Library And Information Science Students’ Thriving At School, Jolo Van Clyde Simbajon Abatayo, Contisza Calinawan Abadiez

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

A thriving student is completely physically, socially, and emotionally active and has a social connection and psychological well-being that can lead to college success. This study was conducted to determine the various enablers that predict the thriving of (BLIS) Bachelor of Library and Information Science students in the Caraga Region which can lead to their academic success through the presence and manifestation of academic, psychological, and social enablers. This study utilized descriptive correlational research design to gather quantifiable information on the relationships that exist between the variables. The respondents of this study were eighty-two (82) BLIS students from 4 schools …


Safest Kid (A Sexual Assault Framework In Education To Support Trauma In Kids With Intellectual Disability): Delphi Study Development Of A Model And Utilization, Ashley M. Hudson Nov 2023

Safest Kid (A Sexual Assault Framework In Education To Support Trauma In Kids With Intellectual Disability): Delphi Study Development Of A Model And Utilization, Ashley M. Hudson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There is a grave need for additions to the school psychologist’s toolbox to support students with intellectual disability (ID) and sexual trauma. These children are especially vulnerable to adverse life experiences overall and are at a particularly high risk of experiencing sexual abuse and resulting trauma. Children with ID are less likely to have their trauma symptoms identified by those around them, as symptoms do not always present in the same way as their neurotypical peers and trauma symptoms are more likely to be grouped into the rest of their disability through diagnostic overshadowing. Additionally, individuals with ID are at …


Policy Brief: Investigating School-Based Programs That Support Student Mental Health And Psychosocial Wellbeing In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Syeda Kashfee Ahmed, Anna Dabrowski, Katherine Dix Nov 2023

Policy Brief: Investigating School-Based Programs That Support Student Mental Health And Psychosocial Wellbeing In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Syeda Kashfee Ahmed, Anna Dabrowski, Katherine Dix

Global education monitoring

School closures and disruptions to mental health services linked to the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly impacted the lives of children, young people and their families. Now, more than ever, schools are expected to provide emotional and psychosocial support and stability to students, educators and other school staff. Education systems are therefore investing more resources into school-based mental health programs to ensure they can provide the required level of support, in addition to acknowledging the need for social-emotional skill development. The ever-growing number of school-based mental health and wellbeing programs make it challenging to identify programs that are effective. It is …


Book Review It Takes An Ecosystem: Understanding The People, Places, And Possibilities Of Learning And Development Across Settings, Denise Montgomery Nov 2023

Book Review It Takes An Ecosystem: Understanding The People, Places, And Possibilities Of Learning And Development Across Settings, Denise Montgomery

Journal of Youth Development

It Takes an Ecosystem: Understanding the People, Places, and Possibilities of Learning and Development Across Settings, edited by Thomas Akiva and Kimberly H. Robinson, is a call to take a holistic and dynamic ecosystem approach to thinking about, designing, developing, and investing in the allied youth fields to more equitably and effectively support young people’s learning and development. Published in 2022, the volume outlines a vision for out-of-school time programs and systems, schools, community-based organizations, and the public sector to move beyond focusing separately on individual systems to a learning and development ecosystem approach that more accurately and inclusively reflects …


Developmental Assets And Community-Based Youth Programs In Colombia, Guatemala, And Honduras, Claire M. De Mezerville-López Nov 2023

Developmental Assets And Community-Based Youth Programs In Colombia, Guatemala, And Honduras, Claire M. De Mezerville-López

Journal of Youth Development

This paper explores the external developmental assets and how they manifest in specific youth programs from Colombia, Guatemala, and Honduras. An evaluation process was created through a qualitative phenomenological with the youth programs' leadership. To triangulate the data, a survey was developed and piloted with a small sample from three youth programs, one from Honduras, one from Guatemala and one from Colombia, exploring how the staff evaluate items related with the external developmental assets. This survey was created in a way that the results display in the form of a Spiderweb and in a circular way that evokes and relates …


The Knowledge And Utilization Of Trauma-Informed Care By Educational And Mental Health Professionals Who Serve Children In A Texas City, Mashelle D. Ancell Nov 2023

The Knowledge And Utilization Of Trauma-Informed Care By Educational And Mental Health Professionals Who Serve Children In A Texas City, Mashelle D. Ancell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to understand the knowledge and utilization of trauma-informed care by professionals serving children within schools, social service agencies, or child therapy in a middle-sized Texas city. Previous studies acknowledged the prevalence of trauma and the need for systemic trauma-informed care in communities. The theoretical framework used to guide this study was attachment theory due to the emphasis on securely attached relationships, which is consistent with trauma-informed care. Data collection methods included an online open-ended questionnaire and semistructured personal interviews. Data analysis was completed using reflexive thematic analysis to develop themes from participant …


Eksplorasi Konstruksi Identitas Guru Sains Melalui Berbagai Konteks Pengalaman Hidup, Ari Dhinansah Herdhiyani, Endang Purwaningsih, Arif Hidayat Oct 2023

Eksplorasi Konstruksi Identitas Guru Sains Melalui Berbagai Konteks Pengalaman Hidup, Ari Dhinansah Herdhiyani, Endang Purwaningsih, Arif Hidayat

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

Identity is the construction of interpretations of life experiences in certain contexts resulting in self-understanding. This research with a single case study design aims to explore the identity of science teachers in various contexts of Figured Worlds. The research participant is a science teacher named Yuni who has a background in Physics Education. Data were collected through two semi-structured interviews. The results revealed how Yuni interpreted science-related life experiences in Figured Worlds to construct her identity. The researcher concluded that although throughout Yuni's experience she was not interested in becoming a teacher, she was able to become an outstanding teacher …


Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Teknologi Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam, Rutska Ishaq Rachman, Suharsiwi Suharsiwi, M. Hilali Basya Oct 2023

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Teknologi Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam, Rutska Ishaq Rachman, Suharsiwi Suharsiwi, M. Hilali Basya

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

This research is a type of research and development (Research and Development). By using the four-D (4-D) model developed by Thiagarajan (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the development of teaching materials, and the level of feasibility of using technology- based teaching materials in learning Islamic Religious Education. The results of the study, according to media and material experts, show that the teaching materials developed have very feasible criteria with an average score of 4.65, both according to media experts and material experts based on their aspect assessment. Meanwhile, according to …


Ideal Teacher: A Framework Of Teachers’ Competencies, Jufriadi Jufriadi, Alia Lestari, Firman Firman Oct 2023

Ideal Teacher: A Framework Of Teachers’ Competencies, Jufriadi Jufriadi, Alia Lestari, Firman Firman

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

This study aims to (1) describe the characteristics of an ideal teacher based on the results of a literature review, and (2) create a competency map and indicators for an ideal teacher. Data of this study were obtained from various primary sources including literature reviews, documents and results of interviews with 10 experienced teachers. The data were analyzed qualitatively by using thematic analysis. This study shows that there are at least seven main competencies that should be possessed by a teacher, which include (1) Intellectual Competence, (2) Pedagogical Competence, (3) Professional Competence, (4) Intrapersonnel Competence, (5) Interpersonal Competence, (6) Leadership …


Designing English Song-Based Supplementary Materials To Teach Figurative Language, Sabliani Oktaviana, Eni Rosnija, Eka Fajar Rahmani, Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin, Sumarni Sumarni Oct 2023

Designing English Song-Based Supplementary Materials To Teach Figurative Language, Sabliani Oktaviana, Eni Rosnija, Eka Fajar Rahmani, Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin, Sumarni Sumarni

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

This project created "Our Playlist," a song-based figurative language supplement for grade 11 high school pupils. SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Raya Kepulauan teachers and eleventh-graders participated in the study. Interviews and questionnaires were employed. Researchers design the product using three out of the five ADDIE phases. Our Playlist's content, language, images, and procedures scored 4.8, very good, in internal validation. Based on these results, the product can be recommended for teaching eleventh-graders figurative language, especially at SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Raya Kepulauan.


Eksplorasi Pembentukan Teacher Identitymelalui Pengalaman Hidup, Ellen Puspitaningtyas, Endang Purwaningsih, Supriyono Koes Handayanto Oct 2023

Eksplorasi Pembentukan Teacher Identitymelalui Pengalaman Hidup, Ellen Puspitaningtyas, Endang Purwaningsih, Supriyono Koes Handayanto

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

This research aims to explore construction of teacher identity through life experiences. Data were collected from observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results of this research indicate that in the perspective of discourse identity, TN is a teacher who emphasizes contextual learning and student centered learning. Based on the perspective of nature identity, kinesthetic learning and her fondness in mathematics have a major influence on her interest in physics. Meanwhile, from the perspective of affinity identity, family and role models greatly influence TN's beliefs about learning and her decision to have a career as a teacher. From the perspective of …


Internal Factor Difference That Affects University Students’ Academic Dishonesty Inside And Outside Of Jabodetabek, Hasna Hafizhah Salma, Gary Collins Brata Winardy, Eva Septiana Oct 2023

Internal Factor Difference That Affects University Students’ Academic Dishonesty Inside And Outside Of Jabodetabek, Hasna Hafizhah Salma, Gary Collins Brata Winardy, Eva Septiana

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Urban society shown a more heterogenous personal quality compared to rural society such as greater diversity in social status and religious pluralism. Unfortunately, structure of urban society tends to put achievement above morality in academic practices. This can be seen in academic phenomenon such as cheating, and plagiarism. Such practices are only made easier through technology. Since the emergence of Covid-19 pandemic the use of technology is increasing substantially in learning process. In urban region such as Jakarta metropolitan area, Indonesia, the use of internet and technology in university become one of many factors that facilitate academic dishonesty behaviors. This …


Information Needs And Sources For Health-Related Information Among Pregnant Women In Tamale Metropolis, Joana Dango, Stephen Okyere Oct 2023

Information Needs And Sources For Health-Related Information Among Pregnant Women In Tamale Metropolis, Joana Dango, Stephen Okyere

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of the study is to explore the information needs and sources for health-related information among pregnant women in Tamale Metropolis. A Mixed method approach was used to carry out the study. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 148 pregnant women from three hospitals namely, Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale West Hospital and the Seventh Day Adventist Hospital, interviews were conducted with three midwives, one from each hospital and a Gynecologist at the Tamale Teaching Hospital. The findings of the study revealed that antenatal lessons were the most used sources of health information, and the least were newspapers …


Time To Check In: The Effectiveness Of Modified Check, Connect And Expect For Children Of Incarcerated Parents, Talia E. Shuman Oct 2023

Time To Check In: The Effectiveness Of Modified Check, Connect And Expect For Children Of Incarcerated Parents, Talia E. Shuman

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Parental incarceration affects approximately 3.5% of minors in the United States, or about 1 in every 28 children (Federal Interagency Forum on Children and Family Statistics, 2015). Parental incarceration is considered an adverse childhood experience (ACE). ACEs like parental incarceration are positively correlated with increased risk of injury, health problems, poorer attention and decision-making abilities, and difficulties forming healthy relationships (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). In addition, children who have experienced parental incarceration are also more likely to show increased internalizing and externalizing behaviors when compared to same-aged peers who do not have an incarcerated parent (Shlafer & …