Educational Leadership Commons^™

Effective And Ineffective Clinical Teaching And Instruction In Dental Hygiene School, Vicki Gianopoulos Pizanis

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Introduction

Educators who teach in a clinical setting, primarily in healthcare fields, while having knowledge of the subject, having skills in what is taught, and having experience in the field, often have little-to-no training in teaching. This results in instructional practices being based upon intuition and experience. Becoming aware of how qualities and characteristics of clinical instructors affect adult learners’ educational experience through evidence-based research, and using its implications, would help promote more effective instruction and ultimately improve student learning.

Methodology

A mixed methods study using Grounded Theory and Critical Incidence technique was conducted to study junior student, senior student …

English Language Learners In Title I Programs In New Mexico Public Schools, Gabriel C. Baca

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.) and subsequent reauthorizations require the United States Department of Education to distribute funding to states that ultimately goes to local school districts for the purpose of improving the academic achievement of disadvantaged students, including English Language Learners (ELLs). In New Mexico, 64% of public school students participate in Title I programs, and 16% of all New Mexico students are ELLs. However, no studies to date have explored how New Mexico public school districts are implementing Title I with respect to English Language Learners. Therefore, …

The Relationships Between The Process Of Acculturation Of Teachers And Beliefs About Student Learning, Gabriella Blakey

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

One of the most challenging aspects of being a school leader is the struggle to get the school staff to embark on school improvement initiatives. The culture of the school can be a powerful driver in or a resister to our ability to move a school forward to increase student learning. New teachers struggle to understand the culture of the school along with the unwritten norms, values, and customs. As they observe the school culture, beginning teachers try to understand their individual power and role in the school culture. A teachers belief in students can help students enhance their chances …

"American Examples For German Universities: Admitting Women Before World War I", Charles E. Mcclelland

History Faculty Publications

Women were not allowed to enroll a regular students in Prussian universities until 1909, although most other German states had already changed this policy. This chapter analyzes the terms of controversy swirling around the issue, and how American university policies ultimately helped bring about the change.

The Development And Validation Of A Descriptive Survey For American Children : Assessing Health And Health Risk Behaviors, With Special Applications In American Indian Communities, Retta Prophet

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive health survey for elementary and middle school children, with special consideration for the needs of American Indian communities, in order to provide a way to effectively and economically describe their health conditions. The American Children’s Health Survey (TACHS) is a tool for providing communities, policy makers, curriculum designers, teachers and families with greater understanding of the nature and the extent of the health conditions of children. It was designed as a means for providing an ongoing evaluation of health instruction programs and as supporting evidence to gain funding for needed …

The Origins Of Number Concepts In Five-, Six- And Seven- Year Old Anglo, Hispanic And Native American Children, Manon Pettit Charbonneau

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

This study investigated the origins of ordinal and cardinal number concepts in five-, six-, and seven-year old Anglo, Hispanic and Native American children, and the effects of that acquisition on the ability to manipulate the first four natural numbers. The research subjects were Kindergarten and first grade students at rural public schools (Anglo and Hispanic) in New Mexico, and at a contract community school or an independent day school on the Hopi Reservation in Arizona. All the children were tested during the first two weeks of the school year to control for a minimum of school training, and were tested …

Pueblo Of Zuni : An Evaluation Of The Zuni Cultural Education Program, Carolyn J. Moore

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The purpose of the evaluation was to assess the effectiveness and impacts of the ZCEP on the public school system, community, and participants (i.e., students, teachers and parents). Now in its third program year, with termination of federal funding imminent, efforts will be made by Zuni tribal and school district administrators to institutionalize the ZCEP program within the present educational structure at Zuni. The results of the evaluation will be useful to Zuni tribal leaders as they consider the future operation of the ZCEP program and to educational administrators as they continue to plan and manage program activities.

The Academic Achievement Of Adolescents From Divorced And Intact Families, Robert D. Martínez

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Previous research has found that children from divorced families usually perform less well on academic achievement measures than children from intact families. Most of these studies were conducted using samples or black and white lower- and working-class families. The present study investigated academic achievement (reading, language, and arithmetic) of adolescents from Hispanic and white divorced and intact families from all income levels.

There were two groups of hypotheses investigated in the study. The first group investigated the situational variables of parental marital status; the first-order interactions of parental marital status by adolescent's sex; by adolescent's ethnicity, and by adolescent's grade; …

Suburban Public School District Characteristics And Teacher Preparation And Their Relationship To The Quality Of The Senior High School Mathematics Curriculum, Anthony J. Abruzzo

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Demographically, the growth of America is now taking place in the suburbs rather than in the central cities. It is estimated that by the turn of the century 49. 5 percent of our total population will be concentrated in suburbia.

Development And Evaluation Of A College Level Criterion-Referenced Reading Test, Linka Corbin-Mullikin

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Criterion-referenced reading tests are designed to yield specific descriptions of what students can or cannot do in relation to the skill involved in a particular instructional objective. Criterion-referenced measurements are directly interpretable in terms of specified performance behaviors.

Motivational Orientations Of Adults In University And Post-Secondary Technical-Vocational Institution Settings, Breda Murphy Bova

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The purpose of this study was twofold. One purpose was to analyze the Educational Participation Scale factor patterns derived from a sample of adult education participants from the University of New Mexico, the Albuquerque Technical-Vocational Institute, and the Division of Continuing Education in order to contribute additional reliability and validity data to the instrument. The second purpose was to determine if there were any significant differences in expressed reasons for participation when adult learners were categorized by different age, sex, institutions, level of educational attainment, and occupational groupings. The procedures for this research included an examination of literature focusing on …

Selected Language Tests And Reading Ability, Dale Leavesley Melada

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

he ability to communicate effectively in oral language precedes the ability to create and interpret language in its written form. Some research studies have shown that reading is a language based activity, but the problem is that little has been done with the knowledge of language and language competencies children bring to school, especially those children who read early or before they come to school. Insights into the ways in which children use language at various stages of their development would greatly assist teachers and parents in fostering both oral language compe­tence and the ability to read and write.

The …

Qualifications Needed By Teachers Of English: Ratings By English Curriculum Coordinators And English Educators, Eugenia Porretta Miller

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

A new climate of teaching has been established in which English teachers must be able to demonstrate those teacher behaviors, charac­teristics and qualifications that foster high quality instruction in the classroom.

The 1976 National Council of Teachers of English's (NCTE) Committee on Teacher Preparation and Certification published a statement on "Qualifications Needed by Teachers of English." These qualifications, based on an earlier set of Guidelines in 1967, suggested desirable competencies for teachers of English. The latest qualifications prepared by the NCTE Committee on Teacher Preparation and Certification represented progress from the generalities of previous efforts to a set of specific …

Competence In The Early Years And Its Relationship To Caretaker Behaviors, Anita M. Frank

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Competence is a multidimensional concept which involves the intellectual, motivational and socio-emotional domains. Though competence in early childhood is to some extent dependent on factors such as genetic input, perceptuo-motor ability and temperamental characteristics, the quality of the environment often plays a determining role in enhancing its development. This study was designed to investigate changes in caretaker behaviors as a function of the child's age and to assess the relationship between caretaker behaviors and indices of the child's motivational and intellectual competence. The investigation was conducted in two phases. During the first phase, forty caretakers were observed and videotaped while …

The Roles Of The Career Enrichment Center As Perceived By Selected Groups, Charles R. Hutchins

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The purpose of this study was to compare the perceptions held by selected groups of the Albuquerque, New Mexico, community concerning the roles of the Career Enrichment Center, in both its present and its ideal states. Implications for similar centers across the nation may also be inferred from the results of the study

The Antecedents And Consequences Of Organizational Crisis In A Voluntary Professional Organization, James Paul Miller

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

This study investigated two instances of organizational crisis occurring within a voluntary professional organization. The central research task was twofold: (1) to reconstruct accurately the historical events which preceded and followed two unsuccessful strike bids by a voluntary teachers' organization; and, (2) to develop a theoretical explanation which would account for the antecedents and consequences of the crises which inevitably surfaced after the strike bid defeat. Con­cepts drawn primarily from the organizational crisis and conflict literature provided the general conceptual orientation.

A large urban teachers' organization in the Southwestern United States was chosen as the research site. Due to the …

Identification Of Underlying Curriculum Constructs Through Teachers' Interviews, Sandra L. Gordon

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

This study is a replication with modifications of the research of Bussis, Chittenden, and Amarel (1976) to determine if teachers' frames of reference concerning underlying curriculum constructs can be identified and classified as being broad, middle-range, or narrow. The two modifications are (1) a different population, and (2) use of the Physical Setting and Materials subsection of the work of Bussis and associates, rather than their total Teacher Interview. Since identifying and classifying teachers' frames of reference constitute a relatively new approach in education, this study is of a descriptive nature. Fifteen subjects participated, each one an experienced teacher of …

The Effects Of A Discussion Course On Pre-Student Teachers' Moral Reasoning, Raquel Bennett Holman

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of a cognitive-developmental moral discussion course on the moral reasoning of pre-student teachers as measured by scores on the Defining Issues Test. The specific objective of the course was to facilitate the advancement to postconventional (principled) thinking.

The population for the study consisted of 63 students enrolled in the pre-student teacher program at the University of New Mexico. From this population, 13 pre-student teacher volunteers became the experimental group. Those who did not volunteer became the control group.

The experimental group participated in the cognitive-developmental discussion course for a total of 19 …

Navajo Aspectual Verb Stem Variation, Frank Wilton Hardy

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The present study of Navajo aspect has two related obJectives: (a) to define an aspect inventory for Navajo, and (b) to establish principled bases for choices made.

The problem is approached semantically and structurally. Semantically (chapter 1) the most fundamental expression of aspect is some form of the opposition between a point and a line temporally. Structurally there are two verbal systems that carry such information. These are given different labels (tense, aspect), but both convey aspect semantically.

Continuing-Education Needs Of Municipal And County Recreation And Parks Professionals: Recommendations For Program Development, Jack Richard O'Neil

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The purpose of this investigation was to identify and analyze the characteristics, functions performed, self-perceived continuing-education needs, and educational delivery systems preferred by a randomly selected sample of full-time municipal and country recreation and park professionals located in the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. A secondary purpose was to utilize the findings and make recommendations for continuing-education delivery systems.

Expectations For Teacher Role Behavior In A Multi-Cultural Community, George Michael Perreault

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Statement of the Problem

American public schools have been criticized for fail­ing to meet the needs of children from minority groups. The cultural heritage of these children is seen as an important factor in differential achievement in the public schools. It has been postulated that students and adults from different cultural groups would hold different expectations for teachers, and this would hinder the chances of minority students to benefit from Anglo-oriented schools. However, there is little empirical evidence regarding expectations teacher role behavior held by minority students or teachers.

Arthurdale, Nambé, And The Developing Community School Model: A Comparative Study, Martin L. Berman

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

This study examines the development of two community schools and their relationship to the emerging community school-community education model. The study compares the Arthurdale School in West Virginia, 1934-1936, considered by many in the Community School Movement to be a prototype of the rural community school, to the Nambé Community School in rural New Mexico, 1937-1942, which to this date has not received study or mention in the literature of the Community School Movement. First, a description of the social conditions, philosophical and sociological concepts from which the Community School Movement developed is provided. Then, each of the two community …

A Study Of U.S. Circuit Court Of Appeals Case Law Impact At The State Level, Gilberto R. Duran

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Law evolves from compromises worked out by legislative and executive committees, courts, and the people. Case law, as opposed to Constitutional and legislative law, results from the judicial interpretation of an existing law or Constitutional principle. There is, however, a great deal of leeway in how a judicial body may interpret such statutes and principles. The purpose of this study was to gauge the impact of selected U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeals decisions relative to student control on state courts, state legislatures, and state school boards within the Tenth Circuit. In order to assess the presence or absence of impact, …

The Effect Of A Visual Perception Handwriting Program On The Acquisition Of Handwriting Skills, Joanna R. Jones

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The purpose of the study was to determine if first grade students could gain control of the handwriting skill with greater perfection of letter formation through the simplified method devised by the investigator than through

a combination of commercial handwriting programs used by the control group. Participating in the program were forty-eight first-grade students from a rural school in New Mexico. No significant difference resulted between the experimental handwriting program emphasizing visual perception and the control handwriting program with little emphasis on visual perception.

Cognitive Style, Individual Differences And Educational Practice, Karen L. Van Til-Sanchez

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The study presents a review of the literature on cognitive styles, both in relation to the literature which deals with the field as a whole and in relation to specific research literature on the four major studies of cognitive styles: 1) H.A. Witkin on field independence/dependence; 2) Jerome Kagan on reflection/impulsivity; 3) R.W. Gardner and G.S. Klein on cognitive control; and 4) James Bieri on cognitive complexity. The major theses and lines of study are presented for each of theses major studies on cognitive style and their approaches to cognitive style compared. The literature which deals with the field as …

Relationship Of Modes Of Instruction And Bilingualism To Achievement In Library Skills, Norma Carmen Bobotis

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Numerous research studies have been conducted on the education of Mexican-American students stressing IQ test results, as well as cultural and socioeconomical factors. Very little, however, has been done on academic achievement of Mexican-Americans as compared to Anglo-Americans using different modes of instruction. The purpose of this research was to study the short-term achievement of Spanish and non-Spanish-speaking Mexican-American students as compared to Anglo-American students using three modes of instruction. A visual, an oral, and a performance-based mode of instruction to teach library skills was used in this study.

Educators' Attitudes Toward Bilingual-Bicultural Education, E. David Atencio

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine if elementary school teachers' or elementary school principals' attitudes toward bilingual­bicultural education differed in relation to various background or demographic variables. Also of primary importance to this study was the investigation of the attitudes of elementary school teachers and elementary school principals toward four extant myths related to bilingual-bicultural education. The four myths studied were (1) bilingual-bicultural education is not needed in America; (2) there are no economic benefits to be derived from bilingual-bicultural education; (3) bilingual-bicultural education is un-American; and (4) bilingual­bicultural education is a remedial program.

Cognitive Decentering In Young Adults: A Piagetian Perspective On The Writing Process, Christopher Brooks Behling

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The major thrust of the study was to question if Piaget has overstated the case for cognitive decentering ability in the cognitive behavior of young adults. A second purpose, involving the contention that cognitive decentering behavior plays a very basic role in determining the success of a written message, was to provide descriptive information concerning the impact of Piaget's theoretical paradigm on decentering performance in the framework of analytical writing. The sample consisted of forty-six university freshmen matched on the variables of sex, age, and ethnicity with forty-six law school students. Subjects were tested individually on three Piagetian tasks assessing …

Society And Primary Schools In Spain, 1896-1936, David Van Holtby

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

The study is an historical interpretation of the major determinants of educational reform in Spain's primary schools between 1898 and 1936. Interest in improving public primary education arose after discovery that the lower classes needed citizenship training to effect the regeneration called for in 1898. Attempts to introduce such programs, though, encountered economic, political, and socio-cultural obstacles, but because of the urgency of finding an instrument of social control some of the reforms were adopted. The educational proposals of 1898, originally opposed by the church and conservatives, were modified when embraced by the Right during the dictatorship of Primo de …

The Leadership Of The Academic Dean As Perceived By Cosmopolitan And Local Faculty Members In Selected Liberal Arts Colleges, Janice Baker Corzine

Teacher Education, Educational Leadership & Policy ETDs

This study examined the relationships among latent social identities of small liberal arts college faculty mem­bers and the social power bases of the academic dean. For many years, Gouldner's (1957) cosmopolitan-local construct, which conceptualizes cosmopolitan and local latent social identities in organizational participants, was utilized by researchers to explain differing organizational loyalties, professional commitments, and reference group orientations among professionals. Recent studies have indicated, how­ever, that two mixed types, the local-cosmopolitan and the indifferent, should join the cosmopolitan and the local to form a fourfold typology of latent social role (e.g., Goldberg et al., 1965; Delbecq and Elfner, 1970; Miller …