Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Liberty University (200)
- Illinois State University (88)
- Rochester Institute of Technology (85)
- Central Washington University (81)
- Morehead State University (78)
-
- Georgia Southern University (54)
- Nova Southeastern University (52)
- University of Central Florida (51)
- Bank Street College of Education (48)
- University of New England (43)
- Sacred Heart University (39)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (39)
- Gardner-Webb University (33)
- Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan (29)
- Technological University Dublin (28)
- The University of Southern Mississippi (28)
- Western Michigan University (28)
- Chapman University (26)
- Fayetteville State University (25)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (25)
- National Louis University (22)
- University of South Alabama (22)
- East Tennessee State University (19)
- University of Kentucky (18)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (17)
- Kutztown University (17)
- Murray State University (16)
- Southeastern University (16)
- Southwestern Oklahoma State University (16)
- Bemidji State University (15)
- Keyword
-
- Education (142)
- SIEC Historical Documents (81)
- Technology (51)
- Pedagogy (46)
- Assessment (36)
-
- Higher education (35)
- Curriculum (32)
- Teaching (30)
- Online learning (29)
- Education, General (27)
- Distance education (26)
- Mathematics (24)
- Middle school (24)
- Education, Curriculum and Instruction (23)
- Professional development (23)
- Math (22)
- STEM (22)
- Learning (21)
- Reading (21)
- Self-efficacy (21)
- Educational technology (20)
- Literacy (20)
- Motivation (20)
- Science (20)
- Teaching and learning (20)
- Collaboration (18)
- Education, Tests and Measurements (18)
- Equity (18)
- High school (17)
- Instruction (17)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (183)
- Dissertations (83)
- International Journal for Business Education (83)
- Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities (77)
- Occasional Paper Series (46)
-
- Appalachian Adult Basic Education Demonstration Center Archives (43)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (42)
- All Theses And Dissertations (41)
- All Graduate Projects (38)
- Education Faculty Publications (37)
- Morehead State Theses and Dissertations (35)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (33)
- All Master's Theses (32)
- Central Asian Journal of Education (29)
- Education Dissertations and Projects (29)
- Journal of Research Initiatives (25)
- TAPESTRY (25)
- Journal of English Learner Education (22)
- ECTESOL Review (20)
- SoTL Commons Conference (19)
- Assessment Center Reports (16)
- Education Doctorate Dissertations (16)
- Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning (16)
- International Journal for Research in Education (15)
- Mathematics Graduate Theses (15)
- The Gatekeepers' Gazette (15)
- The Qualitative Report (15)
- Teaching Academy (14)
- Master's Theses (13)
- Publications (13)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 421 - 450 of 1875
Full-Text Articles in Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research
De Bono's Six Hats Thinking Strategy For All Content Areas, Jamie Mahoney, Lynn Patterson, Carol Hall
De Bono's Six Hats Thinking Strategy For All Content Areas, Jamie Mahoney, Lynn Patterson, Carol Hall
Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children
Problem-solving and collaboration require people to compromise, negotiate, and brainstorm to understand, create, manage, judge, and be intuitive and remain positive and calm while working as a team to address problems. Teachers can teach students to collaborate and problem-solve in any content area using de Bono's Six Thinking Hats Strategy. Using de Bono's strategy, university students in this study explored learning hats and ways to apply learning hat properties to collaborate and problem solve in group activities. Researchers employed a mixed-method study enlisting both general education and special education pre-service undergraduate and in-service graduate teachers to discover personal thinking hat …
Preservice Teachers’ Perceptions And Knowledge Of Response To Intervention/Multitiered Systems Of Support, Alexandra J. Taylor, Tommy Wells, Amy E. Lein
Preservice Teachers’ Perceptions And Knowledge Of Response To Intervention/Multitiered Systems Of Support, Alexandra J. Taylor, Tommy Wells, Amy E. Lein
Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children
There has been considerable research that establishes the need to improve teachers’ knowledge of and ability to effectively implement response to intervention (RtI)/multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS), and there is a scarcity of research examining interventions addressing these concerns. In a mixed methods study, we examined the perceptions and knowledge of the RtI/MTSS frameworks of undergraduate preservice teaching candidates enrolled in a dual certification program at a small, private Catholic university in Kentucky, before and after participating in a semester-long, experiential learning project. The project involved monitoring both the reading and mathematics progress of struggling elementary or middle school-aged students …
Can Blended Learning Address Indian Academic Issues?, Vijay Joshi, Sukanta K. Baral
Can Blended Learning Address Indian Academic Issues?, Vijay Joshi, Sukanta K. Baral
International Review of Business and Economics
Over the years, India has implemented social reforms aimed at providing education to all. This is observed from the growth in GER (Gross Enrollment Ratio) over the years that has resulted in a decrease in the number of students absent in schools. Coronavirus, nonetheless, has disturbed this scenario and is testing the functions, efficiencies, and practices of India's schooling framework. This research paper, written for stakeholders in government, and the education sector, anticipate the extent to which there is a need of continuing the imparting of education. The main objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the …
Gaining A Better Understanding Of Higher Education: During And Post-Pandemic Scenario, Krati Sethi, Manas Roy
Gaining A Better Understanding Of Higher Education: During And Post-Pandemic Scenario, Krati Sethi, Manas Roy
International Review of Business and Economics
Because of the coronavirus epidemic, faculty as well as the students have had to respond to “out of the ordinary” difficulty by quickly switching from traditional class - room education to online learning forms via “virtual classrooms”. Students facing challenges and continuing facing difficulties for various reasons required to adapt this modification in this delivery of curriculum becoming un attentive. Few solutions have been developed for students to assist them in freely transferring to virtual classrooms and maintaining proper online learning etiquette. A series of recommendations is offered in the present study to help students so that they can explore …
Increasing The Effectiveness Of K-12 Stem Worshops Through Targeted Context And Creative Technolgies, Melina Lopez
Increasing The Effectiveness Of K-12 Stem Worshops Through Targeted Context And Creative Technolgies, Melina Lopez
Master's Theses
Economic projections reveal a need for one million more Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) professionals over the next decade than the United States is producing at the current rate. As a result, STEM education is a major focus of recent legislation and funding in Congress as the number of STEM professionals is inadequate to support innovation and the ever-changing economy. In response to the urgent need for more competitive STEM professionals, there has been a widespread implementation of workshops, organizations, and school programs aimed at amplifying K-12 student STEM literacy and interest. Some programs are even created to specifically …
Effect Of The Virtual Simulation Paired Prebriefing-Debriefing Strategy On Nursing Students’ Self-Efficacy Perceptions And Virtual Simulation Performance In The Care Of Patients Experiencing A Myocardial Infarction, Laura M. Penalo
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Through the use of virtual simulations (VS) in nursing education, nursing students are exposed to a variety of clinical scenarios that may potentially improve their learning of competencies, increase their self-efficacy, and enhance their future clinical performance. Despite limited quantitative research incorporating evidence-based strategies such as prebriefing and debriefing as part of the VS experience, this educational technology continues to gain popularity. In 2020, the use of VS in the nursing curriculum exponentially increased when the global COVID-19 pandemic impacted traditional in-person clinicals, laboratory, and human patient simulation (HPS) experiences. Associate Degree Nursing (ADN) programs have benefited from the use …
No Excuses Yet No Solutions: The Inherent Anti-Blackness Of The No-Excuses Charter School Model, Tshala A. Pajibo
No Excuses Yet No Solutions: The Inherent Anti-Blackness Of The No-Excuses Charter School Model, Tshala A. Pajibo
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The No Excuses model of education has routinely been labeled abusive and harmful to students. The No Excuses model has garnered significant pushback from students, families, and stakeholders because of procedures and policies that have caused physical, mental, and bodily harm to young students. While many education stakeholders have examined how No Excuses charters and their policies have harmed Black children, not many have examined why. This paper argues that the No Excuses charter model is completely at odds with Black cultural and educational values. This paper suggests deeper studies of the educational mindsets and opinions of No Excuses …
A Case Study Of Secondary Students' Perspectives On Standards-Based Grading And The Development Of 21st Century Learner Attributes, Michelle Blackley
A Case Study Of Secondary Students' Perspectives On Standards-Based Grading And The Development Of 21st Century Learner Attributes, Michelle Blackley
Dissertations
Implementation of standards-based grading (SBG) practices can be a high benefit, low-cost initiative that directly impacts student achievement and growth. This case study aimed to determine if the theoretical value of SBG outlined in research aligns to the students’ perspectives of its value on academic learning, growth and development of 21st century skills. Secondary students were interviewed and responses were organized into three themes: development of 21st century learner attributes, strengths of SBG and areas to improve. Results revealed that SBG supports individualized learning pace, development of a growth mindset, emotional well-being, student to teacher collaboration and 21st …
Learning To Fly: The Impact Of Project-Based Learning On Development Of The 4cs In The Elementary Grades, Deborah Francois
Learning To Fly: The Impact Of Project-Based Learning On Development Of The 4cs In The Elementary Grades, Deborah Francois
Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to investigate the impact of project-based learning on K-5 students’ development of the 4Cs (Critical Thinking, Communication, Creativity, Collaboration) as perceived by elementary charter school teachers.
Methodology: A phenomenological design was selected to address the research questions for this study. Through purposeful sampling, 12 charter elementary teachers who met a pre-determined set of criteria (including the routine integration of project-based learning within their instructional programs) were selected to participate in virtual, semi-structured interviews. All teachers were employed by charter schools located in six counties within California. The interviews were conducted using …
Teacher Perceptions Of Self-Efficacy Before And After Engaging In Hevruta Or Psychodrama-Based Online Workshops, Merav Berger
Teacher Perceptions Of Self-Efficacy Before And After Engaging In Hevruta Or Psychodrama-Based Online Workshops, Merav Berger
Expressive Therapies Dissertations
Teacher self-efficacy is a construct that continues to be extensively researched. With the onset of the Coronavirus pandemic, the learning environment has shifted dramatically and has had an impact on Jewish educators’ sense of efficacy. This study examined the pre- and post-test scores for self-efficacy of Jewish educators who engaged in either an online psychodrama-based professional development workshop, a hevruta-based workshop, or an integrated session using both psychodrama and hevruta study. The participants were 28 Jewish educators from around the United States who were split into one of six groups. Two psychodrama-based groups and two integrated groups met online for …
Career, Academics, Exploration, Shadowing, Application, And Reality Store: Caesars, Brooke Hunstad
Career, Academics, Exploration, Shadowing, Application, And Reality Store: Caesars, Brooke Hunstad
Dissertations, Theses, and Projects
Society’s expectation is that once a student graduates from high school, they will do one of two things; enter the workforce or continue their education. The flaw within this expectation is that rarely do high school students experience what their futures may look like depending on their career path. The focus of this curriculum is to provide knowledge and experiences that can help students reach society’s expectation. The population of focus is middle to high school students, preferably juniors and seniors. Research was collected and a literature review was prepared to support the demand of the curriculum in education and …
Student Understanding Of Kinematics: A Qualitative Assessment, Andrew Cashman, Tom O'Mahony
Student Understanding Of Kinematics: A Qualitative Assessment, Andrew Cashman, Tom O'Mahony
Publications
In engineering, kinematics is widely regarded as a fundamental topic with the literature agreeing that students possess a wide range in understanding of the topic. This study aims to take a second-order approach by understanding and exploring the qualitatively different ways in which students approach solving kinematics problems. Phenomenography was used to collect data through ten semi-structured interviews with early-stage mechanical engineering students. Following data analysis, four distinct categories of students’ approaches were identified; unstructured, framing the problem, strategic, and conceptual. It was found that these categories could be arranged in a hierarchy and were also supported by secondary epistemic …
Six Strategies For Classroom Success: Enhancing Teaching And Learning For English Learners In Diverse Content Areas, Scott Freiberger
Six Strategies For Classroom Success: Enhancing Teaching And Learning For English Learners In Diverse Content Areas, Scott Freiberger
Journal of English Learner Education
As a result of the pandemic, teaching and learning has changed drastically over the past few years (Dascalu et al., 2021). Planning for classroom success for English Learners (ELs) includes pivoting to using educational technology to keep students motivated with well-planned topics, thought-provoking discussions, and respectful yet probing questioning techniques (Freiberger, 2020). In addition to enhancing academic language, educators may also consider infusing various contemporary technologies to revamp vocabulary knowledge, uplift language and literacy, and polish academic performance. Here are six strategies for enhancing teaching and learning for ELs in diverse content areas.
Closing The Opportunity Gap: A Story Of English Learners And Their True Ability, Natasa Karac
Closing The Opportunity Gap: A Story Of English Learners And Their True Ability, Natasa Karac
Journal of English Learner Education
When English learners (ELs) are presented with opportunities to participate in enrichment activities, their motivation to learn and their performance mimic those of their non-EL peers. Opportunities that offer authentic engagement and challenge student thinking bring together learners of all profiles to show that their true ability is more than that observed through a lens of standardized test scores. EL academic outcomes can be negatively impacted by limited opportunities offered within academic settings as a result of perceived differences. This text challenges the perspective of standard, remedial English learning program models and calls for a model that truly builds on …
The Impact Of Peer Tutoring On Elementary Students’ Mathematical Education, Kristen Clapp
The Impact Of Peer Tutoring On Elementary Students’ Mathematical Education, Kristen Clapp
Master's Theses
This action research study utilized a mixed-methods approach to determine the impact peer tutoring can have in mathematical instruction within a fourth-grade classroom. Data was collected using student-surveys, personal journal entries, and student work samples over the course of a four-week time frame. Report findings show both unchanged and positive impacts in students’ achievement in math as well as data supporting the idea that students who present high mathematical comprehension prior to the study result in no significant impact in mathematical achievement through peer tutoring. This study also displays how student skill and personalities impact effectiveness and ineffectiveness in mathematical …
The Effects Of Incorporating Kinesthetic Learning On Learning Outcomes And On-Task Behavior, Katherine Sauro
The Effects Of Incorporating Kinesthetic Learning On Learning Outcomes And On-Task Behavior, Katherine Sauro
Master's Theses
This action research study used a mixed methods design to examine the effects of kinesthetic learning on student learning outcomes, and on task behavior in a sixth-grade social studies classroom. Data was collected during a three-week period. The treatment group was presented with kinesthetic lessons, purposeful movement, and brain breaks. The control group remained stationary during their lessons. Findings suggested an increase in both on-task behavior, and learning outcomes. In addition to examining learning outcomes and on task behavior, student's perceptions were also considered through the students’ completion of weekly surveys. These surveys suggested that providing movement to students positively …
Science Teachers' Perceptions Of Culturally Responsive Teaching In Majority Native American Schools In Oklahoma, Michelle Childress
Science Teachers' Perceptions Of Culturally Responsive Teaching In Majority Native American Schools In Oklahoma, Michelle Childress
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Native American students have consistently scored less than their white peers on high school academic achievement tests, have the lowest high school graduation rates, and have the lowest college enrollment rates. Research has evidenced challenges and struggles Native American children are faced with that negatively effects their success in the classroom. Native American students often encounter a disconnect between their home and school life resulting in difficulties of navigating two opposing worlds. When Native American students are associated with negative stereotype’s indicative of Native American culture as opposed to the dominant culture, this creates a conflict between their cultural identity …
The Impact Of Webquest On Improving Grade Nine Students English Writing Skills In Public Schools In Qatar, Abdelkarim Ibrahim Chaabane Mr., Abdelkarim Ibrahim Chaabane Mr.
The Impact Of Webquest On Improving Grade Nine Students English Writing Skills In Public Schools In Qatar, Abdelkarim Ibrahim Chaabane Mr., Abdelkarim Ibrahim Chaabane Mr.
Multidisciplinary Studies Theses
Despite the tremendous efforts that have been exerted in Qatar to improve the teaching of EFL writing, EFL teachers still fail to deliver adequately and the learners’ writing proficiency remains below expectations. This study is an attempt to investigate the impact of WebQuest on improving grade nine EFL students’ writing skills to inform teachers and policy makers for future intervention and improvement. The data is from fifteen male students who study at a preparatory school in Qatar. They were selected based on opportunistic convenience sampling strategy (Duff 2008). The participants took a pre-test and a posttest about writing a descriptive …
Mobile Technology For Language Learning And Instruction: Investigating Beliefs And Attitudes Of Indonesian Efl Preservice Teachers, Dodi Siraj Muamar Zain
Mobile Technology For Language Learning And Instruction: Investigating Beliefs And Attitudes Of Indonesian Efl Preservice Teachers, Dodi Siraj Muamar Zain
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This study is primarily aimed to investigate beliefs and attitudes of Indonesian EFL preservice teachers toward the use of mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets for learning and instructional practice in Indonesia. Furthermore, this phenomenological study attempted to reveal the factors affecting these two constructs from 20 Indonesian EFL preservice teachers through semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed participants’ beliefs that mobile devices could positively contribute to the development of language performance as learning tools and the development of language instruction as instructional tools. Regarding attitudes of EFL preservice teachers toward the use of mobile devices for learning and teaching, …
Increasing Active Learning And Achievement In A Large Lecture Calculus Class Through A Flipped Classroom Model, Kimberly King
Increasing Active Learning And Achievement In A Large Lecture Calculus Class Through A Flipped Classroom Model, Kimberly King
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
University Calculus I courses serve as a means of access into high demand STEM fields and large lecture style passive calculus courses can be difficult for students. A mixed methods research design was used to compare a flipped instructional approach to a traditional lecture approach in large section Calculus I courses. The flipped lecture model required students to view videos of calculus instruction that included embedded quiz questions to allow for problem solving explorations during face-to-face class time. The traditional format included content from the video and limited time for additional problem solving. A professor with prior experience teaching Calculus …
The Impact Of Prosodic Reading Instruction On Adolescents’ Silent Reading Comprehension, Judy Lynn Fields
The Impact Of Prosodic Reading Instruction On Adolescents’ Silent Reading Comprehension, Judy Lynn Fields
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Research has established a strong relationship between silent reading comprehension and prosodic reading fluency among young readers, but much remains unknown about this relationship among older readers (Breen, Kaswer, Van Dyke, Krivokapic, & Landi, 2016; Cypert & Petro, 2019). The goal of this study was to determine the impact of prosodic reading instruction on adolescents’ silent reading comprehension. Conducted in a classroom setting in two different school districts, this study included three certified English teachers and a total of 52 students in grades 8, 9, and 10 for a period of nine to twelve weeks with a total of 810 …
Curiosity, Motivation, Autonomy, And Lifelong Learning In Education And The United States Marine Corps, Cynthia Malmquist
Curiosity, Motivation, Autonomy, And Lifelong Learning In Education And The United States Marine Corps, Cynthia Malmquist
Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Theses and Other Student Research
Curiosity, intrinsic motivation, and autonomy-supportive teaching all promote lifelong learning in both the classroom and Marine Corps. Humans are all born with curiosity. Children inherently practice forms of intrinsic motivation. Most would agree that they do not like being micromanaged - they enjoy a sense of freedom when completing tasks. Despite this, many students learn in a controlling environment and many Marines work under controlling leaders. Though a large amount of time is spent on learning through the first 18 years of life, lifelong learning does not come naturally and is not commonly practiced. The research and ideas discussed below …
Improving Career Readiness And Employability Of College Graduates, Megan Packer
Improving Career Readiness And Employability Of College Graduates, Megan Packer
Masters Projects
Research shows that current college graduates are lacking in skills related to career readiness and employability upon graduation. Due to this, college students are entering the workforce and are landing in jobs that either do not require a college degree or are not the role that they hoped for upon graduation. In relation, career development as a whole is lacking in the college experience. This project will discuss the current state of employability and career readiness of college graduates. It will dive into potential methods and strategies for improving career readiness and career development of college students within higher education …
From The Editors..., Todd Pagano
From The Editors..., Todd Pagano
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Socioeconomic Status On Success Indicators Within Transition Readiness In Kentucky, James B. Andrew Robertson
Effects Of Socioeconomic Status On Success Indicators Within Transition Readiness In Kentucky, James B. Andrew Robertson
Morehead State Theses and Dissertations
A capstone submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Ernst and Sara Lane Volgenau College of Education at Morehead State University by James B. Andrew Robertson on April 15, 2022.
Developing Student Competence Based On Steam Approach, Nigora Shuxratovna Ruzikulova Phd
Developing Student Competence Based On Steam Approach, Nigora Shuxratovna Ruzikulova Phd
Central Asian Journal of Education
The integration of science, education and practice is leading to the emergence of new educational approaches in education. In particular, the STEAM approach serves to integrate science, education and practice in the educational process. The article analyzes the various functions and principles of the STEAM approach and the importance of integration in education.
Features Of The Use Of Information And Communication Technologies In Assessing The Quality Of Education, Gulnoza Sayidmuradovna Ibragimova Doctoral Student
Features Of The Use Of Information And Communication Technologies In Assessing The Quality Of Education, Gulnoza Sayidmuradovna Ibragimova Doctoral Student
Central Asian Journal of Education
The development of society over the past decades has a technogenic character. Our reality is almost completely based, and also directly or indirectly dependent on IT systems that have penetrated virtually all areas.
Despite the fact that the computer appeared relatively recently, and the first computer military networks only in the mid-60s of the last century, the whole world is already absorbed in cyberspace so that life without information and communication systems is no longer possible.
The main element of the technogenic development of mankind is the Internet. It is the global network that today solves an infinite number of …
Features Of The Use Of Information And Communication Technologies In Assessing The Quality Of Education, Gulnoza Sayidmuradovna Ibragimova Doctoral Student
Features Of The Use Of Information And Communication Technologies In Assessing The Quality Of Education, Gulnoza Sayidmuradovna Ibragimova Doctoral Student
Central Asian Journal of Education
The development of society over the past decades has a technogenic character. Our reality is almost completely based, and also directly or indirectly dependent on IT systems that have penetrated virtually all areas.
Despite the fact that the computer appeared relatively recently, and the first computer military networks only in the mid-60s of the last century, the whole world is already absorbed in cyberspace so that life without information and communication systems is no longer possible.
The main element of the technogenic development of mankind is the Internet. It is the global network that today solves an infinite number of …
On Turning Tables, Hubris, And Humility: Reflecting Upon Carol Rogers-Shaw’S “Disabled Lives & Pandemic Lives: Stories Of Human Precarity”, David J. Connor
On Turning Tables, Hubris, And Humility: Reflecting Upon Carol Rogers-Shaw’S “Disabled Lives & Pandemic Lives: Stories Of Human Precarity”, David J. Connor
Occasional Paper Series
What can be learned about the pandemic through the lens of disability, and conversely, what can we come to know about disability through the Covid-19 pandemic? Rogers-Shaw contemplates these reciprocal questions in a highly original essay that is wide in scope. After thinking about how to best describe the experience of reading her work, the word “wondrous” came to mind, as the essay is both delightful and powerful. Why? Because she examines and explores what has recently concerned many of us in education, that is, the pandemic’s impact upon the lives of both teachers and students with and without disabilities. …
Learning To Navigate The Unknown: The Importance Of Critical Reflection And Collaboration For Community College Faculty During A Pandemic, Karen Ann Ladley
Learning To Navigate The Unknown: The Importance Of Critical Reflection And Collaboration For Community College Faculty During A Pandemic, Karen Ann Ladley
Education Doctorate Dissertations
The COVID-19 pandemic caused sudden and dramatic shifts in educational systems worldwide, including colleges and universities. Students, faculty, and service staff found themselves navigating uncertain times and addressing challenges they had not faced previously. The use of critical reflection and collaboration became crucial for faculty as they struggled to engage students in different ways. Understanding students’ needs and addressing them effectively became priorities with reflection and collaboration both cost-effective and convenient methods. Following this time of uncertainty, faculty can continue using reflection and collaborative learning communities to address new challenges and obstacles, especially at community colleges where money, time, and …