Educational Administration and Supervision Commons^™

Problem-Based Versus Conventional Curricula: Influence On Knowledge And Attitudes Of Medical Students Towards Health Research, Hassan Khan, Ather M. Taqui, Muhammad Rizwanulhaq Khawaja, Zafar Fatmi

Community Health Sciences

Background

Medical education curricula in developing countries should emphasize training in health research. This study compares the knowledge and attitudes towards health research between undergraduate medical students undertaking Problem Based Learning (PBL) versus conventional Lecture Based Learning (LBL).

Methods

Two groups comprising 66 (LBL) and 84 (PBL) 4th and 5th year students from the medical college of Aga Khan University were administered a structured and validated questionnaire. Knowledge and attitudes of the two groups were recorded on a scale (graduated in percentages) and compared for statistical difference.

Results

PBL students scored 54.0% while LBL students scored 55.5% on the knowledge …

Learning Mathematics In English Medium Classrooms In Pakistan: Implications For Policy And Practice, Anjum Halai

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

This is an in-depth qualitative study of students learning mathematics in classrooms where the medium of instruction was English which was the second or third language of the learners i.e. they were multilingual classrooms. Moreover, to promote reasoning and learning with understanding, the teachers had introduced group work, mathematical discussion, and mathematics tasks employing everyday contexts and language. Focus of the paper is the complex relationship between the language of instruction and the process of learning mathematics. The study demonstrates that learning mathematics in multilingual classrooms brings added complexity because students moved back and forth from the language of instruction …

Schools’ Participation In Great Conversation: A Proposal For School Improvement In Pakistan, Zubeda Bana

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

This paper proposes the value of building social relations through critical conversation in schools in developing countries and particularly in Pakistan. The current climate in most of the schools in these countries reflects “apathy” and “ignorance”. It is argued that schools posses a capacity for wisdom if they develop a habit of engaging themselves into critical discourse. Schools can be personified as human beings to speak and open their minds and hearts in front of their stakeholders and share their successes and challenges to form a real sense of school community. The paper also shares an example of one of …

The Role Of Schooling In Constructing Gendered Identities, Bernadette L. Dean, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Abid Hussainy

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

Many research studies show that schools play an important role in constructing gendered identities of girls and boys in western contexts. In Pakistan, there are research studies on the construction of gender in textbooks but studies on the role of schools are either unreported or unavailable. To address this gap in the literature, an exploratory study was carried out in public sector schools in the urban and semi-urban areas of Karachi. The findings indicate that the inter-relationship of the structure of schools, the official curriculum, teaching and learning practices and teacher beliefs result in a gendered division of labor, gendered …

Assessing Formatively In The English Language Classroom, Sherwin Rodrigues

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

The area of ‘assessment’ – and particularly that of ‘formative assessment’ – has attracted the increasing attention of educational researchers within the last decade. This article presents the findings of a qualitative research study that was conducted in a primary school in Oxford, UK. Data were gathered through classroom observations that were videotaped. The assessment strategies used by the teacher were the foci of observations. It was found that questioning and feedback were two key elements characteristics of a teacher’s formative assessment practice in the English Language primary classroom. Extensive questioning for assessment purposes invited pupils to contribute ideas, checked …

Teachers’ Lives And Their Status: A Secondary Analysis Of The Life History Of Three Teachers, Nelofer Halai

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Least Common Multiple Of Teacher Leadership Styles: Implication For Classroom, Khalid Mahmood

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

In a school, a teacher, as a leader, interacts directly with the students to develop their cognition for a desired outcome. At the same time s/he also forms a caring relationship with them not only to guide them academically but also socially and spiritually. Students also have certain capacity for their own learning. This capacity to large extent influences by teacher’s role in the classroom. Hence three factors have major influence to shape effectiveness of a classroom. In the study reported in this paper, combinations of these factors were sought and presented in three dimensional models. Eight different combinations (models) …

Developing Teachers’ Skills In Thar Desert Area, Sindh, Pakistan, Saeed Nasim, Parvez Pirzado

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

This paper aims to present AKU-IED’s experiences about working in the Thar Desert Area of Sindh. AKU-IED aimed to develop teachers’ skills and to help them provide quality education to the children of the said underprivileged and remote area of Pakistan.

Women In Educational Leadership: A Comparison Of Kenyan And Pakistani Women Educational Leaders, Jane F. A. Rarieya

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

Though literature on educational leadership is expansive, most of it is related to the social and organisational structure of educational systems in the western world, thereby giving an impression that western models of leadership are universal. Hence, there is need to study school leadership in non-western countries because perspectives of educational leadership have been taken almost exclusively from western literature and practice. Women in educational leadership are in a minority in Pakistan and Kenya, as is the case in many parts of the world. Whilst a number of writers have attempted to identify and categorise some of the internal and …

School Improvement In Multi-Grade Situation (Sims): An Innovation Of The Pdcc, Jalal Wali Khan

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

Professional Development Center, Chitral (PDCC), since its establishment in Chitral, is committed to work with its partner education providers for the improvement of quality of teaching and learning in schools. PDCC believes that effective teaching and learning in primary, acts as a foundation stone for higher education, but currently it does not happen in majority of our primary schools. Multi-grade situation in primary schools is one of the many reasons of low quality education. School Improvement in Multi-grade Situation (SIMS) was piloted in five schools aiming to improve the current Multi-grade Teaching (MGT) situation in schools. This study intended to …

Action Research—A Means Of Continuous Professional Development In A Rural Context: Possibilities And Challenges, Razia Fakir Mohammad, Roshni Kumari

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

This paper presents our findings from a research initiated to support teachers’ continuous development through action research in the rural context of a developing country. The study investigated the experiences of seven teachers and teacher educators from the rural context of Pakistan, who spent nearly six months undertaking action research projects as part of a follow-up strategy for a university based teacher education programme. After the completion of the university-based programme, the participants had gone back to their respective institutes and were expected to initiate action research projects in order to implement new knowledge/learning. It was also a strategy to …

Status Of Teachers And Teaching: Conclusions, Implications And Recommendations, Anjum Halai

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Perspectives On Teacher Status: Issues And Challenges, Nilofar Vazir, John Retallick

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Educational Development Projects At Ied: Towards School Improvement, Khalid Mahmood, Nilofar Vazir

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

The M.Ed. program at The Aga Khan University Institute for Educational Development (AKU-IED) helps to develop Course Participants (CPs) as teacher educators/educational leaders. AKU-IED always welcomes innovations in its various programmes. The Educational Development Project (EDP) was conceived as an alternative to research to develop CPs’ knowledge and skills required for developmental work. The EDP is concerned with capacity building at classroom and school level depending on the needs of the relevant stakeholders. A contextually relevant model was adapted for EDP at AKU-IED. The purpose of the study was to investigate the course developed for EDP at AKUIED. For the …

Teacher Mentoring Programme: A Vehicle To Support Professional Development For Improving The Quality Of Education In Districts Of Sindh And Balochistan Of Pakistan, Rakhshinda Meher, Asghari Ummulbanin, Ghazala Mursaleen

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

In general practices it is noticed that there is greater improvement in teacher’s performance if they refresh themselves by attending different professional development programmes. They start rethinking about their role as effective teacher and how to support novice teachers. In order to support the novice teachers and develop them professionally there is a need of quality teacher education programme. Literature reveals that “Teacher mentoring programs have dramatically increased since the early 1980s as a vehicle to support and retain novice teachers. The vast majority of what has been written about mentoring focused on what mentors should believe and do in …

Teacher Status : A Symposium, Anjum Halai

Books

No abstract provided.

Enhancing And Sustaining Teacher Professionalism In Pakistan, Meher Rizvi, Bob Elliott

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

This paper presents a conceptual framework for fostering teacher professionalism in Government primary schools in Karachi, Pakistan. The framework identifies various stages for enhancing and sustaining teacher professionalism. These stages have been derived from in-depth multiple case studies of four Government primary schools in Karachi where reforms have been occurring. In order to enhance and sustain professionalism among the teachers they need to be provided with opportunities to expand their capabilities and, consequently, the reform managers will need to encourage them through various stages of development. Amongst the various stages are those of involvement, initiation and engagement and developing collaborative …

Role Of Reflection In Facilitating Teachers For Gender Sensitive Political Literacy Instruction, Sadaf Furqan

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

This paper is written around the study that was initiated to analyze the challenges that students especially girls face in being developed as leaders in the political sphere. It was carried out to understand how a teacher educator could facilitate gender sensitive political literacy instruction in schools through action research. Reflection is embedded at every stage in Action Research. Reflection helps teachers in shifting the focus from what they teach to what students learn. The research process involved exploring, understanding and reflecting on teachers’ current perceptions and practices of gender sensitive political literacy instruction. Later, teachers were facilitated to teach …

Education And Women’S Empowerment: Re-Examining The Relationship, Dilshad Ashraf, Iffat Farah

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

No abstract provided.

Celebrating Teachers’ Voices, Ayesha Bashiruddin

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

No abstract provided.

Youth And Civic Participation: Government Accountability To Citizens, Bernadette L. Dean`, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Cassandra Faria, Umme-Laila Amin, Tehseen Tanveer

Books

No abstract provided.

Youth In Elections: Voting For Our Future, Bernadette L. Dean, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Karim Panah, Cassandra Faria, Umme-Laila Amin, Shazia Solangi, Jamal Papeiva

Books

No abstract provided.

Quality In Education: Teaching And Leadership In Challenging Times. Vol. 2, Sajid Ali, Meher Rizvi

Books

No abstract provided.

Naujawan Aur Intekhab: Vote Apne Mustaqbil Ke Liye, Bernadette L. Dean, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Karim Panah, Cassandra Faria, Umme-Laila Amin, Shazia Solangi, Jamal Papeiva

Books

No abstract provided.

Quality In Education: Teaching And Leadership In Challenging Times. Vol. 1, Sajid Ali, Meher Rizvi

Books

No abstract provided.

Naujawan Aur Shehri Faraez, Bernadette L. Dean, Rahat Joldoshalieva, Cassandra Faria, Umme-Laila Amin, Tehseen Tanveer

Books

No abstract provided.

Reflection In Action: Constructive Narratives Of Experience, Nilofar Vazir

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

This paper examines narratives of experience from teachers’ lives. It locates teachers as academic constructors of knowledge and uses the cases of reflective practice and inquiry in the development of self‐knowledge. I explore teachers knowledge in light of my own understanding from literature, research findings on beginning teachers, reflections on my personal experiences; my development as a teacher overseas and in my country Pakistan. Most importantly as self‐reflection I offer Pakistan’s move to construct professional knowledge and my own attempt as a teacher educator to aspire towards that goal.

A Pakistani Teacher Educator’S Self-Study Of Teaching Self-Study Research, Ayesha Bashiruddin

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

This paper describes a teacher educator’s self-study of work with her M.Ed. students at a private international university in Pakistan. This systematic inquiry highlights changes and improvements in teaching drawn from experiences of practice based on autobiographies. Analysis shows that improvement in teaching came from the author’s learning through self-study. Analysis also reveals implications for teacher educators and teacher education in general.

Learning To Use Innovative Pedagogy: The Experience Of A Primary Science Teacher In Pakistan, Nelofer Halai

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

This study examined the experiences of primary science teachers when they weThis study examined the experiences of primary science teachers when they were exposed to a new and innovative teaching strategy and the process that they followed in using the strategy in the class- room for the first time. Four primary science teachers, among the 22 participants of an 8-week Certificate in Education (Science) in Karachi, were observed and interviewed after the four-day teaching session where they were instructed how to use "Discrepant Events" to teach science content. Only the case of Farhana Batool, a teacher in a private school, …

What Is In A Name? Labels And Terminologies Regarding Disability And Special Educational Needs: A Continuing Concern, Anupam Ahuja, Parvez Pirzado

Institute for Educational Development, Karachi

No abstract provided.