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Articles 211 - 240 of 289
Full-Text Articles in Curriculum and Instruction
Constructivism In Early Childhood Education, Joseph Mills
Constructivism In Early Childhood Education, Joseph Mills
Perspectives In Learning
At most universities and colleges, a form of constructivism based on child psychological theories dominates the stage as the “official knowledge pre-service early childhood teachers must know to be proclaimed competent” (Livingston, 2003, p. 3). Why, then, have the understandings of how children learn and the teaching practices suggested by this theory not taken root in many early childhood classrooms? In attempting to answer this question through a review of current literature in the field, three topics of discussion have been suggested: an explanation of the development and learning theories which support constructivism, identifying classroom practices which are considered to …
Online Instruction In The University Setting: Reflections On Four Years Of Practice In Distance Education, Tom Hackett
Online Instruction In The University Setting: Reflections On Four Years Of Practice In Distance Education, Tom Hackett
Perspectives In Learning
The development of online courses is replete with challenges for the instructor and for curriculum planners who wish to provide students the convenience of online instruction and take advantage of the power of the venue. Despite the obvious promise of technologies with seemingly unlimited potential and capability, certain inherent limitations add a complexity to their implementation. This article discusses the need for a philosophical underpinning that considers both the power and limitations of the online instructional venue.
Writing Across The Curriculum: Designing Science Lessons Using The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences To Promote Literacy, Bonita E. Flournoy, Ollie Manley
Writing Across The Curriculum: Designing Science Lessons Using The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences To Promote Literacy, Bonita E. Flournoy, Ollie Manley
Perspectives In Learning
As science teacher educators, whose task is to facilitate learning for teachers of science, we impress upon our pre-service teachers to engage their students in writing activities to promote literacy in science. One of the issues that our teachers frequently express in class is that students don’t like to read their textbooks or engage in traditional writing exercises. As we work with these pre-service teachers we assist them with developing a repertoire of strategies that can be used to engage students in reading and writing as they learn science. One way to actively engage students in reading and writing is …
Aligning Paradigms, Standards, And Assessment: A Higher-Education Application For Instruction In Science And Mathematics, Vikki K. Collins, Donna E. Pascoe, Martha C. Hall, H. Marguerite Yates
Aligning Paradigms, Standards, And Assessment: A Higher-Education Application For Instruction In Science And Mathematics, Vikki K. Collins, Donna E. Pascoe, Martha C. Hall, H. Marguerite Yates
Perspectives In Learning
Disciplines of science and mathematics are essential for 21st century life and progress of our nation. To strengthen the effectiveness of education in the state of Georgia and to address emerging and enduring issues in 21st century life, the state adopted Georgia Performance Standards. To meet the standards of science and mathematics in Georgia classrooms, programs of teacher preparation and educational leadership in higher education institutions across the state must support and develop pre-service and in-service teachers and leaders able to effectively incorporate standards and assessment consistent with this paradigm shift. Student leadership teams at Columbus State University were instructed …
The Effects Of Early Intervention And Parent Training On Vocabulary Development For The At-Risk Preschool Child, Sallie Averitt Miller, Sally Sinclair, Catherine Kostolnick
The Effects Of Early Intervention And Parent Training On Vocabulary Development For The At-Risk Preschool Child, Sallie Averitt Miller, Sally Sinclair, Catherine Kostolnick
Perspectives In Learning
This interdisciplinary team research documents that when specific skills are taught systematically at home and at school, the low-high SES achievement gap shrinks. It provides a “close-up look” at the effects of early intervention and parent training on vocabulary development for the child, which resulted in an intergenerational achievement. The quintessential research goal is to make certain that parents are well equipped to develop their child’s vocabulary; using conversation, literature, environmental print, and a focus on selected proven strategies; that is, concept development, daily and repeated readings, and vocabulary games and activities.
Children And Grief: Understanding The Grieving Process And Counseling Strategies Of Elementary School Children To Ensure Academic Success, Georgia Fielding, Jacob Crowder
Children And Grief: Understanding The Grieving Process And Counseling Strategies Of Elementary School Children To Ensure Academic Success, Georgia Fielding, Jacob Crowder
Perspectives In Learning
The 2005 U.S. Bureau of Census states that more than 2 million children and adolescents under the age of 18 have experienced the death of a parent. One of the most stressful events for children and their families is the death of a parent or other loved one. The surviving parent may have difficulty coping with the loss of his or her partner, and this difficulty in coping may affect how the children work through the grieving process. If the children do not deal with grief effectively, they may have to deal with major psychiatric problems and social dysfunctions throughout …
Using The Film Crash To Promote A Multicultural Identity In Students, Richard P. Long
Using The Film Crash To Promote A Multicultural Identity In Students, Richard P. Long
Perspectives In Learning
This review demonstrates how the film Crash can be used in the classroom to show students a nonthreatening way to reconsider stereotypical views of racism. Until the film Crash was released in 2005, Hollywood timidly made movies such as Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner? and To Kill a Mockingbird, in which the underlying theme was that other people are racists, not us. Crash, literally and figuratively, questions that stereotypical view of racism. Crash suggests that each of us is indeed racist and, when placed in a threatening situation, these prejudices control our behavior. Using selected scenes from the film, …
The Beast: A Book Review, Tim Bolen
The Beast: A Book Review, Tim Bolen
Perspectives In Learning
In vivid and candid detail, Tracy Thompson’s The Beast is an honest attempt to pull back the curtain on depression. This reveal gives both clinician and layman a behind the scenes look at the destructive and debilitating effects on a life suffering with illness that the brain can’t quite understand. Tracing her roots and upbringing, Thompson discloses that mental illness has always been a part of her family. As a teenager she would write the word depression in her journal, not knowing that the “beast” would unfortunately accompany her throughout the rest of her life. As the title suggests, this …
Where Are We Now?: A Study Of Gifted Program Availability By Region, Urbanicity And Ses, Elizabeth A. Romey
Where Are We Now?: A Study Of Gifted Program Availability By Region, Urbanicity And Ses, Elizabeth A. Romey
Perspectives In Learning
There is considerable diversity among gifted programs and program availability in the United States. This is at least in part due to the fact that there is no national mandate for gifted programming, despite the existence of the Javitts Act. Instead, decisions about gifted programming are left up to the individual states, which may then choose to allow individual counties or districts to set their own standards. This in turn creates a situation in which parents and teachers of the gifted have no ready access to information about the type of gifted programming options available in their area. Many of …
E-Learning Enhances Both Student Achievement And Career Change Options, Rochelle P. Ripple
E-Learning Enhances Both Student Achievement And Career Change Options, Rochelle P. Ripple
Perspectives In Learning
It seems as if everyone is using e-learning (online learning) these days. There are many options available, including self-paced courses, skills-based courses, virtual classrooms (and their cousins, live web seminars), web-enhanced courses, and asynchronous courses. There is a plethora of technological methods that can be utilized for course delivery. Which of these technologies and methods of use will maximize e-learning’s effectiveness? In other words, for the university, the instructor and students, which seems to work the best? In a nutshell - all of them. The beauty of e-learning is that there are so many options that can be tailored to …
Career-Related Issues In Secondary Schools: A Literature Review, Jennifer E. Mcghee
Career-Related Issues In Secondary Schools: A Literature Review, Jennifer E. Mcghee
Perspectives In Learning
The career counselor’s role over the past 100 years or so has evolved from being a placement tool in the industrial revolution to that of providing a more holistic approach to meeting both the career and personal concerns of individuals. More and more counselors are beginning to focus on the person as a whole, including values, interests, abilities, skills, and work-life experiences, as they counsel on career-related issues (Zunker, 2006). As a focus on human development and the whole person enters the counseling field, school counselors are faced with developing comprehensive school guidance systems that meet the needs of students …
Alcohol And Drug Use: The Negative Effect On Health And Academic Achievement, Judson Mccarley, Heather Holloway
Alcohol And Drug Use: The Negative Effect On Health And Academic Achievement, Judson Mccarley, Heather Holloway
Perspectives In Learning
Most know the damaging and lethal effects that drugs and alcohol pose upon our children and young people today. Parents and schools work hard at limiting these terrible and devastating results. However, is this effort enough and what is the latest research on alcohol and drug use by school age children? Although there are significant effects from drug and alcohol use on health and academic achievement, there are a variety of interventions used in keeping children clean. Alcohol and drug use by school-age children poses serious health and safety risks. The three leading causes of death for 15-24 year olds …
Curriculum Alignment Matrix: A Systematic Framework For Aligning Educational Leadership Program Curriculum, Martha C. Hall
Curriculum Alignment Matrix: A Systematic Framework For Aligning Educational Leadership Program Curriculum, Martha C. Hall
Perspectives In Learning
The emphasis on educational accountability and the necessity of training highly qualified administrators and leaders, prompted changes to Columbus State University’s Educational Leadership programs. Curriculum alignment was the foundation of this initiative. There has been an evolution in thinking about the important ingredients and benefits of curriculum for the 21st Century leader. Lashway (2002) advanced the idea of totally revamping the leadership preparation program to stay current with the ever-changing world. Jacobs (1997), through her work with curriculum, saw a need for obtaining course overviews. Cunningham & Cordiero (2000) envisioned futurist thinking for the practitioners and purported changing the pedagogical …
Charting A New Course: Professional Development Strategies For Improving Literacy Education Across The Curriculum, Vikki K. Collins, Dawn Upshaw, H. Marguerite Yates
Charting A New Course: Professional Development Strategies For Improving Literacy Education Across The Curriculum, Vikki K. Collins, Dawn Upshaw, H. Marguerite Yates
Perspectives In Learning
This paper reviews the effects of a program of professional development for literacy teachers in an urban, southeastern elementary school. During academic year 2002-2003, only 67% of fourth grade students met or exceeded state standards for achievement in reading as measured by the Criterion Referenced Competency Test (CRCT), and only 77% of fourth grade students met or exceeded state standards for achievement in English/language arts as measured by the CRCT (Georgia Department of Education, 2005).
Student Achievement Through Early Truancy Reduction, Nanette K. Jackson, Susan Taylor
Student Achievement Through Early Truancy Reduction, Nanette K. Jackson, Susan Taylor
Perspectives In Learning
Truancy is a concern for all grade levels of all schools. According to Capps (2003) the average student misses thirteen days of school each year. Many students entering middle school have already accumulated 180 days of questionable absences, the equivalent of a full year of school. Studies of school dropouts show students begin distancing themselves from school at an early age. These students are absent more often than other students as early as the first grade (Epstein & Sheldon, 2002). There is a pattern of increasing absenteeism throughout a student’s entire school career. It is not too early to begin …
The Trouble With Ed Schools: A Book Review, Justin M. Finney
The Trouble With Ed Schools: A Book Review, Justin M. Finney
Perspectives In Learning
American schools of education, whose two primary objectives are to prepare highly qualified teachers and to conduct valid and reliable education research, are often decried as “weak institutions” by many in academia and society in general. American schools of education are very often scorned by scholars and academia as intellectually inferior, referred to by teachers in the field as the “ivory tower” and considered to be out of touch and completely unrelated to what really transpires in schools, perceived by political leaders at all levels to be a primary contributing factor to the substandard state of contemporary public education. These …
Support Groups For Children Whose Parents Have Deployed To Iraq, James Blount
Support Groups For Children Whose Parents Have Deployed To Iraq, James Blount
Perspectives In Learning
Findings among army researchers, many of whom have published their work on Army Knowledge Online (AKO), have consistently shown that children are affected negatively by the deployment of their parents to Iraq or, for that matter, any war. This is cause for great concern as the War on Terror could go on for many, many years to come. However, since it is known in general what the negative effects on children are, strategies and techniques have been formulated to offset the damage done to children. Some of the questions that remain to be answered follow: At what ages are children …
Assessment Of Emotional Competencies In Educational Leaders: Applying Daniel Goleman’S Work In Emotional Intelligences As A Means Of Evaluating Dispositions Related To The Work Of The School Leader, Paul T. Hackett, James W. Hortman
Assessment Of Emotional Competencies In Educational Leaders: Applying Daniel Goleman’S Work In Emotional Intelligences As A Means Of Evaluating Dispositions Related To The Work Of The School Leader, Paul T. Hackett, James W. Hortman
Perspectives In Learning
The study of best practices related to educational leadership is an emerging area for universities with programs training leaders in school improvement. Practices taught in educational leadership programs have long been related to the technical issues of school operations with emphasis in the areas of finance, law, organizational theory, and strategic planning. More recently, educational leadership programs have begun to focus on the skills required of a leader of instruction (Hallinger, 2003; Jason, 2001). Among areas of concentration for the instructional leader are assessment, collaboration, professional development, and curriculum design. Although the focus of educational leadership programs has changed, the …
Introduction To School Counseling Services Articles, Lisa Shaw
Introduction To School Counseling Services Articles, Lisa Shaw
Perspectives In Learning
Introduction to School Counseling Services Articles
Piecing Together The Diversity Puzzle, Rochelle Ripple, Jose' Villavicencio
Piecing Together The Diversity Puzzle, Rochelle Ripple, Jose' Villavicencio
Perspectives In Learning
Current literature focuses on the importance of listening to students’ voices and the insights they have on their experiences. According to Dewey (1916/1944), having interactions with other groups helps in the process of democratic growth because one is better able to understand other perspectives. Freire (1985) added another layer of richness to Dewey’s ideas about reflection and experience. He believed that people exist “in and with the world.” Fraser (1994) describes the need for different voices and different views in educating children in a public sphere of critical inquiry and multiple voices (different genders and people of all colors). In …
The Effects Of Eating Disorders On Student Academic Achievement And The School Counselor’S Role, Dana Livingston, Lori Sammons
The Effects Of Eating Disorders On Student Academic Achievement And The School Counselor’S Role, Dana Livingston, Lori Sammons
Perspectives In Learning
Eating Disorders have become an increasing reality among today’s youth. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, “approximately one out of every 100 adolescent girls develops anorexia.. .another two to five out of every 100 young women develop bulimia nervosa” (Understanding Disordered Eating and Eating Disorders, 2005, p. 6). Although eating disorders are usually seen as affecting girls, studies have shown that hundreds of thousands of boys experience eating disorders as well (Boys and Eating Disorders, 2004). Factors that make anorexia and bulimia painful, such as intense fear of weight gain and lack of self-esteem, cannot be …
When Children Have Children: Teenage Pregnancy, Atsuko Kawamata, Rodney Roundtree
When Children Have Children: Teenage Pregnancy, Atsuko Kawamata, Rodney Roundtree
Perspectives In Learning
Because teenage pregnancy affects so many people, it is receiving a great deal of attention in the United States as well as in other leading nations. Teaching young people that sex before marriage is not acceptable does not prevent pregnancy. Recognizing that teen’s sexual behavior is a crucial part of their development will lead to honest and accurate information about sex. This will help teens express their sexuality in safe and healthy way. Therefore, prevention strategies should be created that address the needs of sexually active teens. Males should also be included in prevention strategies. Young males are often overlooked …
The Committee On Diversity's Plan Of Action, Rochelle P. Ripple, Jose' Villavicencio
The Committee On Diversity's Plan Of Action, Rochelle P. Ripple, Jose' Villavicencio
Perspectives In Learning
Recent work of the College of Education’s Committee on Diversity has included plans to provide a curriculum and experiences aimed at increasing all education candidates’ knowledge of, sensitivity to, and strategies and techniques for teaching diverse P-12 students. This comprehensive plan was initiated in the 2002- 2003 academic year with a workshop conducted for faculty, administration, and staff of the COE. The workshop raised awareness of the diverse nature of P-12 students (and connected this awareness with bringing these students to higher levels of learning). Diversity was also defined more broadly to include race, gender, cultural background, religion, geographical area …
Books, Blocks, And Bridges: Fostering Early Literacy Development In Child Care Settings, Vikki K. Collins
Books, Blocks, And Bridges: Fostering Early Literacy Development In Child Care Settings, Vikki K. Collins
Perspectives In Learning
Millions of American families with preschool children utilize child care settings each day. Since the number of mothers in the work force has increased drastically in the last two decades (O’Neill & O’Connell, 2001), it is estimated that almost 12 million children younger than age 5 spend part of their days in the care of people other than their parents (U. S. Department of Health & Human Services, 2002). Child care settings include day care homes and day care centers. In Muscogee County, Georgia, there are 99 state-registered day care homes and 62 state-licensed day care centers. In the eight-county …
Eating Disorders In School-Aged Children, Terri Darden, Kelly Hedrick
Eating Disorders In School-Aged Children, Terri Darden, Kelly Hedrick
Perspectives In Learning
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Text Revision (DSM-IVTR) lists criteria for anorexia nervosa that include refusing to maintain a normal body weight, weighing 85% below normal. Postmenarcheal females can be amenorrheic, having the absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles. Individuals diagnosed with this disorder have a fear of gaining weight or becoming fat. The DSM-IV- TR reports that 90% of anorexia nervosa cases occur in females (DSM-IV- TR, 2005). Research shows that at some time during their adolescence around half of high school and college age girls and 10% of boys will develop …
Best Practices In Educator Preparation, Deborah Gober
Best Practices In Educator Preparation, Deborah Gober
Perspectives In Learning
One of the themes emphasized in the College of Education (COE) Conceptual Framework is excellence in teaching. As defined in the Conceptual Framework, excellence in teaching embodies the use of best practices which embody a variety of educational ideas and activities that lead to improved student learning. The phrase “best practice” is used frequently in fields such as medicine or law to describe reputable work based on current research and employing the latest knowledge, technology, and procedures in the field (Zemelman, Daniels, & Hyde, 1998). However, best practice in education has been somewhat difficult to define.
Use Of Authentic Language Materials To Teach Foreign Languages, Jose' Villavicencio
Use Of Authentic Language Materials To Teach Foreign Languages, Jose' Villavicencio
Perspectives In Learning
Based on these standards that require that instruction be proficiency-oriented, the teacher must plan activities that develop the students’ ability to communicate in the target language. To become proficient in the target language, the students must use the language in meaningful exchanges and in activities that promote moving up the proficiency scale as defined by the ACTFL Proficiency Guidelinesfor K-12 Learners (1999). These guidelines specify what the students should be able to know and do in the target language. With these standards in mind, the teacher should design lessons that facilitate the interaction in the target language in culturally authentic …
Recognition And Treatment Of Adolescent Substance Abuse: Who Are The Substance Abusers?, Lori Beckwith, Shea Bailey
Recognition And Treatment Of Adolescent Substance Abuse: Who Are The Substance Abusers?, Lori Beckwith, Shea Bailey
Perspectives In Learning
There is a serious threat to the health and well being of America today: the threat of substance abuse. It affects everyone on some level: the friend’s child who is always in trouble with the law, the family member whose activities are kept secret, or the work colleague who habitually calls in sick. For many, the abuser lives in their own home. The problem of abuse is not discriminating; it can even start in early adolescence. When the individual who is using is an adolescent, it affects their parents, peers, school, and community. In a study by the U.S. Department …
Collaboration Between Universities And Public Schools For Improved Student Achievement: A Report On The Progress Of A Developing Partnership, Paul T. Hackett, James E. Witte, Maria Martinez Witte, Iris Saltiel, Mike Johnson, Kathy Hesler
Collaboration Between Universities And Public Schools For Improved Student Achievement: A Report On The Progress Of A Developing Partnership, Paul T. Hackett, James E. Witte, Maria Martinez Witte, Iris Saltiel, Mike Johnson, Kathy Hesler
Perspectives In Learning
This article reports the progress of one project aimed at bringing together professionals from post-secondary and K-12 environments. The project is being implemented at Richards Middle (RMS) in Columbus, Georgia and involves a collaborative partnership between several universities and RMS, resulting in a school-based evaluation initiative with direct implications for strengthening leadership, training, and instructional practices in schools. Faculty researchers from three universities from two states, Troy University, Columbus State University, and Auburn University are working collaboratively with faculty and staff of Richards Middle School on an inquiry with a three-fold purpose. The primary goal is to evaluate the effectiveness …
Child And Adolescent Depression And Suicide: The Role Of The School Counselor In Assessment And Treatment, Naomi M. Hitchcock, Leigh Lovelette
Child And Adolescent Depression And Suicide: The Role Of The School Counselor In Assessment And Treatment, Naomi M. Hitchcock, Leigh Lovelette
Perspectives In Learning
Suicide is the third leading cause of adolescent death in the United States. This alarming statistic has been widely studied and debated for years. It has become a consensus that because adolescents spend more than a third of their time in school, suicide intervention strategies must be put into place school-wide. There has also been “heightened awareness of the need for effective crisis intervention in public schools” (Allen et al., 2002, p. 96) nationwide. Kennedy (1999) feels that teaching students about violence and prevention is just as important as teaching them to read and write. More of the responsibility for …