Education Commons^™

A Comparison Of Catholic Schools And Public Schools, Jeffory John Corkery

Graduate Research Papers

Competency testing for teachers, voucher payments, and tuition tax credits are only some of the focal points which have fueled the fire of discussions about the advantages and disadvantages of private education (particularly Catholic) and public education. This paper will examine what is perceived by both the public and those in the educational field to be the advantages and disadvantages of Catholic schools, when compared to public schools.

Developing Effective Counseling Facilities In Schools, Michael John Butler

Graduate Research Papers

As counseling becomes more and more important in school systems, the planning for and designing of effective physical facilities becomes more important. It is the intent of this paper to assist an individual interested in school counseling to explore the physical setting for the most conducive counseling and guidance delivery. Each individual school may want to amend the suggested plan based on school size and guidance philosophy.

Program Sharing And It's Effect On Iowa Schools, Charles L. Buckel

Graduate Research Papers

In the late 1970's many communities began to feel the effects of declining enrollment in their school populations. Today, many school districts are closing their elementary schools and have reduced the number of elementary teachers, as financial constraints become more stringent other school districts will also be forced to look at alternatives. Few of these communities, however, have planned ahead for the high school enrollment decline which will arrive as smaller classes in elementary grades move on through the school system.

The Teacher/Coach Role Conflict In American Schools, Bernard Ray Stephenson Jr.

Graduate Research Papers

Concern over the effectiveness of the teacher/coach is a relatively new phenomenon. The earlier concern about the teacher/coach was simply a side issue of the larger topic of all teacher role conflicts. Before 1977 most material on the subject of the teacher/coach was of the subjective or normative type rather than the analytical or empirical type. To that point it seemed that the subject had few interested researchers. The stimuli which seemed to move the topic off center were wide and varied: Title Nine; the economic slowdown and fewer job openings; coaches retraining existing jobs for tenure rather than job …

Parental/Teacher Influence On The Stress Level Of The Elementary School Child, Claudia Kae Morris

Graduate Research Papers

All children in the course of growing up encounter minor stresses: accidents and illnesses, the birth of a new baby, a move of house and school, the inevitable demands for increasing maturity and self-control. Most children at some time react to these stresses with temporary disorders, such as nightmares, bed-wetting, temper tantrums or excessive fear. Parents and teachers usually know almost intuitively what these symptoms mean and they respond by lessening the pressures on the child. Serious difficulties arise only when the stresses are overwhelming or when the adults are too preoccupied to attend to the child's signals of distress.

School Climate And Its Development, Jack M. Williams

Graduate Research Papers

What is school climate? What are the characteristics of schools with positive climates? How can principals develop positive climates in today's schools? Climate is unique to each individual school and reflects the attitudes, behaviors and achievements of the people involved in its operation (Kalis, 1980: National Association of Elementary School Principals [NAESP], 1984).

Mastery Learning And The Hunter Model As Instructional Improvement Tools, Dorance Alva Hefte

Graduate Research Papers

The publication of reports such as "The Nation At Risk", combined with the recent introduction of improved teacher salary legislation in Iowa which may be tied to accountability, point to the need for schools to improve before others take over the process. It seems anyone who has completed any schooling believes he or she can correct the inadequacies of the school. With such leadership waiting in the wings, the school must take steps to improve itself, preferably through research identified and proven techniques (Gersten & Guskey, 1985).

The Terminally Ill And Euthanasia, Warren Simon Wubben

Graduate Research Papers

There has been much controversy, in recent years, pertaining to the terminally ill and euthanasia. There were several contributing issues. First, there are different types of euthanasia to be considered. Second, there are ethical issues and attitudes towards the different types of euthanasia. Third, because of the different types of euthanasia, there is a choice of which one best fits each terminally ill patient. Finally, the main concern is whether or not euthanasia should be used in ending a terminally ill patient's life early.

Relaxation Techniques As A Method For Coping With Headache Pain, John Mark Wagner

Graduate Research Papers

Headaches affect nearly everyone at some point in time during their lives. It has been estimated that over one-half of the world's population suffers at one time or another from recurring headaches (Friedman & Frazier, 1973). There is a growing body of literature about the cause and treatment of chronic headache pain (Blanchard, Andrasik, Ahles, Teders, O'Keefe, 1980).

Quality Circles In Education, David R. Stover

Graduate Research Papers

Dewar (1984) defines Quality Circles as "a group of people who voluntarily meet together on a regular basis to identify, analyze, and solve quality and other problems in their area" (p. 5). A review of the literature indicates that the Quality Circle concept is similar to participatory management or Theory Z management. Crisci, (1983), and Torrance, (1982) has identified Japan as having been given substantial credit for originating the Quality Circle movement. However, history tells us that two Americans, Dr. W.E. Deming and Dr. J.M. Juran were sent to Japan following World War II to help Japanese manufacturers develop methods …

Athletic Participation And Academic Performance, Thomas Edward Mcdermott

Graduate Research Papers

Interscholastic athletics has long been an integral part of the American educational system. Gholson (1985) found that students believe they gain immediate and long-term personal benefits from their participation in the cocurricular activity program. Many believe athletic participation in high school is a valuable educational experience in itself, every bit as important to the student's development as the classroom experience. Jaekel (1985) reported that student activities have become an accepted part of a total school program. There are also indications that success in college and later life comes from participation in student activities.

Subtle Communication Skills Necessary To Be An Effective Principal, Cathleen Anne Molumby

Graduate Research Papers

After researching the characteristics or qualities of an effective principal, there seemed to be two recurring themes. One component, the Vision or "Cultural Content" of the principal, included the principal's expectations, goals, values, and direction for the school. The second component addressed the "Symbols" which are used to communicate the principal's vision. Symbols used can be either formal (direct) or informal (subtle). Emphasis will be placed on the subtle communication symbols used by a principal in order to achieve an effective and/or healthy school.

A Study Of Increased Risk Factors For Suicide Among Sibling Survivors Of Adolescent Suicide, Elizabeth Graney

Graduate Research Papers

The teen suicide rate has tripled since 1954 (Conger, 1977; Malcom, 1971; Seiden 1984) making suicide the third leading cause of death among adolescents in the United states in 1979 (Davis, 1985). This dramatic rise in adolescent suicide has sufficiently alarmed researchers so that they have explored causes and symptoms. As a result of the seriousness of the problem, recent literature has dealt with not only the treatment of suicidal adolescents but also with prevention techniques. A preliminary review of literature also revealed that therapists and counselors explored postvention treatment techniques for the grieving parents, but said little about effects …

Marital Verbal Abuse, M. Sue Vorseth

Graduate Research Papers

The following paper is a review of four patterns of verbal abuse, including the personal, manipulative and attacking nature of such abuse on dyadic relationships. The potentially destructive qualities of these negative patterns in marital relationships will be emphasized. The intent of this review of the literature is to suggest to counselors that verbal abuse needs to be evaluated with closer scrutiny.

The Role Of A Counselor In Moral Education, Etta Walters Miller

Graduate Research Papers

In reviewing the current literature concerning the role of counselors in moral education it was discovered that the vast majority of available materials were directed toward educators in general rather than any specific segment of that population (i.e., counselors). It thus became necessary to make the assumption that school boards, administrators, teachers, counselors, social workers, psychologists, and any other school workers had been equally addressed as moral educators.

Childhood Stress, Theresa Klostermann Prier

Graduate Research Papers

Stress has been recognized as a major source of potential physiological, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems in both adults and children (Forman & O'Malley, 1984). Selye (1956) has pointed out that a certain amount of stress is an inevitable part of living, but excessive stress can have damaging consequences. It calls forth emotional reactions and can lead to marked changes in attitude and behavior. Selye (1974) has defined stress as "the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it."(p. 27) These demands which he labeled stressors may arise from either pleasant or unpleasant stimuli or situations. Almost …

Incorporating Volunteers In Secondary Schools, David C. Mackey

Graduate Research Papers

Who are the volunteers and where can they be found? Boyer (1983) and Parrish (1981) indicated that one third of volunteers are parents of students, one quarter are retired citizens, one quarter are college students, and the remaining sixth are drawn mainly from the business sector. The number of these volunteers is endless, and one need only look within the boundaries of the community for willing helpers. Before a secondary principal wades into the waters of volunteer programs, some tenets of organization and training should be constructed for the building and students served by the willing volunteer.

Similarities And Differences Between Anorexia Nervosa And Running Addiction, Annette Maasen-Spates

Graduate Research Papers

Anorexia Nervosa, a syndrome first described over 100 years ago (Blumenthal, O'Toole, & Chang, 1984; Blumenthal, Rose, & Chang, 1985; Crisp, Hsu, Harding, & Hartshorn, 1980), today experiences a certain notoriety. There is a journal dedicated solely to studies on eating disorders (International Journal of Eating Disorders), and many books have been written about the illness, some by well-known figures in our society that have suffered from anorexia nervosa. The symptoms have been described in newspapers, popular magazines 1 and even on television, with talk shows and movies familiarizing viewers with the 'popular' disease. Support groups have been formed on …

Management Techniques For Effective Teaching, Nancy J. Magee

Graduate Research Papers

Discipline and management are frequently cited as the greatest dilemma facing public schools today. In the Annual Gallop Poll of Public's Attitudes Toward the Public Schools, respondents consistently ranked discipline as the major problem confronting American education. For 16 of the 17 years, the United States public has ranked school discipline as the number-one educational problem in the public school system. School teachers in the United States reported that discipline interfered with their teaching to a moderate or great extent (Bauer, 1985). Brophy and Putnam (1978) listed classroom management as the first or second major concern among teachers. Studies indicate …

The Effects Of Storytelling Experiences On Vocabulary Skills Of Second Grade Students, Gail E. Froyen

Graduate Research Papers

Subjects were 40 second grade students from Lowell School, Waterloo, IA. The students met for 14 weekly forty minute sessions where they heard folktales, learned folktales to tell, and told or listened to each other tell folktales. All second grade students were tested with the ITBS Primary Battery in October 1986 (pre-test) and the subjects took the post-test in April, 1987.

The null hypothesis stated there would be no significant difference in standard scores at p<.05 using as pre-and post-tests ITBS Primary Test V-Vocabulary when compared using NCE's to the national norms of that test. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference at the p<.005 level. Therefore, the hypothesis was rejected

The Psychological Stages Of Unemployment, Karen Renee Jones

Graduate Research Papers

The psychological impact of unemployment has been the subject of extensive research. Unemployment has been linked to lowered self-esteem (Branthwaite and Garcia, 1985; Shamir, 1986), boredom (Kirkpatrick and Trew, 1985; Kirchler, 1985), depression (Halford and Learner, 1984; Winefield and Tiggemann, 1985), alienation (Davies and Esseveld, 1985; Halford and Learner, 1984; Hill, 1978), and suicide (Sherraden, 1985).

The Ericksonian Approach To Trance Induction And It's Application To Nonhypnotic Therapy, Kathryn Alice O'Connor

Graduate Research Papers

Milton Erickson reasoned that since each person is unique, psychotherapy should be adapted to meet the individual's needs, rather than attempting to tailor the person to fit the therapist's theory (Zeig, 1985). He said that he invented a new theory for each individual (Lankton & Lankton, 1963). The unconscious or 'the back of the mind' as Erickson described it is the reservoir of learning (Erickson, 1980). It constitutes a storehouse of experiences, learnings, memories and skills that could be utilized by therapists to bring about desired changes. Clients were helped to find both the tools and the raw materials for …

Attributes, Responsibilities, And Identification Of A Master Teacher, Steven J. Buhrow

Graduate Research Papers

What makes a master teacher? What do they do that makes them more effective in the classroom? What allows them to affect their students in a profound way? What qualities, behaviors, and techniques make these teachers special? Some researchers have argued that good teachers are born, others have insisted that nearly anyone can be trained to be a good teacher. Most, however, have agreed that good teaching is a skill not easily measured.

The Principal's Role In Textbook Selection In A Small School, Don Van Maanen

Graduate Research Papers

The procedures of textbook selection have long been overlooked and many times been taken too lightly in schools across the nation. Textbook selection is one of the most important events the principal can get involved in because it affects all of the students. Studies have shown that in most schools across the nation students spent between 75-90% of class time working with the textbook (Fiske, 1984). Keeping this in mind, the textbook would have more influence on the student than any other factor except for the teacher. The principal needs to take a long look at the curriculum and decide …

Student Services Possibilities In Response To The Black Student Attrition Rate, David George Baumgartner

Graduate Research Papers

Retention has, in the last few years, become a major topic of research and scrutiny. Retention merits close examination, because forecasters project that a 23% decline will occur nationally among traditional students by 1997 (Lonabocker, 1982). Due to this fact, it becomes apparent to administrators, faculty and student personnel professionals that the future of colleges and universities depends, to a large degree, on their ability to minimize the attrition rate.

Changes In Cooperation Among Selected Schools And Public Libraries In Iowa, Patricia Ann Ipsen

Graduate Research Papers

The results of this study may indicate that while Iibrary professionals in Iowa view cooperation as a desirable goal, there is little formal activity between and among school and public libraries. The attendance at state sponsored workshops may have little effect on actual practice in the 18 communities which participated In the ICEMS program. There may be increased cooperative activity in those communities which made some attempts prior to the workshops. However, these activities tend to be fairly traditional and conservative. In communities new to the idea, the participants may be open to change, but psychological and physical barriers may …

Career Counseling For Women: With Emphasis On The Reentry Woman, Patricia Ann Surls

Graduate Research Papers

Women are returning to college campuses throughout the country. These reentry women are single, married, or divorced, and are returning to higher education after an extended absence of five years or more (Weinstein, 1980). They are predominantly between the ages of 25 and 65, and come from a variety of backgrounds with a variety of educational goals. The majority of them are returning to colleges to develop necessary skills to acquire a job (Covity, 1980).

The Principal's Role In Curriculum Articulation, Clarence Lyle Bergmann

Graduate Research Papers

The current thrust for educational reform in American public schools is aimed toward efficiency, effectiveness, and accountability within existing educational programs and practices. The situation is escalated further as rapid development in the area of technology necessitates curriculum reform to accommodate students• need for "new knowledge and skills" to compete in the job market of the future. Wood, Freeland and Szabo (1985) contend that the current movement is "more on target" than past efforts in educational reform: "Change is directed at the school and not the district or individual. The primary means for achieving improvement in student learning is staff …

Stress And The Administrator's Role, Mary Roach

Graduate Research Papers

Stress occurs in all occupations with varying degrees of intensity and in all phases of life. It is the manner and the degree of stress as well as the effect which must be closely monitored. Stress management is the ability to control and direct the amount of stress that is present. This paper will examine the factors unique to educational administrators which cause stress; these are factors that do not apply to the general public. In addition, this paper will also describe the symptoms of administrative stress and present methods of coping with it.

The Appropriateness Of Rational Emotive Therapy As A Preventative Counseling Modality For Use In School Settings, Sheridan Strayer

Graduate Research Papers

In the time-frame since the formal process of psychotherapy was first recorded and practiced, there have been numerous claims for what might be considered the most effective method of treatment. Likewise, within the profession of educational counseling, there has been a sustained effort to theories and practices which are both educationally sound and effective. Great care is, and must be, practiced to provide the most appropriate and effective method(s) for the particular client(s). Some procedures may be well suited for certain clients under certain circumstances, but inappropriate for other clients.