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Articles 2581 - 2610 of 3267
Full-Text Articles in Education
Adolescents And Stress, Bret Darnell Adams
Adolescents And Stress, Bret Darnell Adams
Graduate Research Papers
Adolescents today live in a very busy, hectic world that is constantly changing. Problems such as divorce, death, abuse, violence, and accidents can have a negative effect of stress on adolescents (Omizo, Omizo, & Suzuki, 1988). Children who are under stress may become emotionally depressed, impulsive, aggressive, anti-social, self-destructive, or irritable. Herbert (1983) stated that stress may produce a variety of physical symptoms such as: increased heart rate, tenseness in the stomach, sweaty palms, headaches, loss of appetite, or insomnia.
Merit Pay: The Pros And Cons, Stephen Forest Beecher
Merit Pay: The Pros And Cons, Stephen Forest Beecher
Graduate Research Papers
The majority of public school districts in the U.S. employ a uniform salary schedule. Under this type of schedule, the years of teaching and the educational credentials are usually the determining elements of a teacher's salary. Teachers with the same credentials and experience receive the same salary regardless of subject area or performance. Each school district sets its own salary schedule or goes through the collective bargaining process with the local teacher's union.
Education Experiences For The Elderly: The Investigation Of Obstacles And Opportunities, Maggie Grosvenor Bice
Education Experiences For The Elderly: The Investigation Of Obstacles And Opportunities, Maggie Grosvenor Bice
Graduate Research Papers
Education at any age is considered to be a means for enhancing the quality of one's life. The researcher contends that improving the quality of life is a continuous and eternal theme, filtering through the entire life span of any hum an being. Thomas Jefferson was quoted in Ronald Gross' book The New Old as saying "The care of human life and happiness, and not their destruction, is the first and only legitimate object of good government'' (p. 259). If we can assume that education is a means for improving the quality of life, then we can sense the need …
Smoking Cessation Through Conscious Choice, Lorene R. Sims
Smoking Cessation Through Conscious Choice, Lorene R. Sims
Graduate Research Papers
Smoking is known to cause disease and shorten life. Scientific findings on health dangers, government regulations for labels and advertising, lower insurance rates to non-smokers, and cash incentives to employees who stop smoking all serve as strong encouragers to kick the habit (Davies, 1986). Recent Iowa legislation and the nationwide trend for a smoke free societal environment are motivating forces to quit smoking permanently. Addiction to tobacco is a learned habit which is possible to relearn as the habit of nonsmoking (Hyder, 1979). Once the smoker begins asking. "Why do I smoke?", and begins to approach the problem from a …
The Role Of The Principal In Gifted Education, Victoria Stephenson
The Role Of The Principal In Gifted Education, Victoria Stephenson
Graduate Research Papers
Research on effective schools indicated that one of the necessary elements was good educational leadership. This leadership was important in every area of the educational spectrum including education of the school's talented and gifted children and youth. Prior to 1970, there was very little research which indicated that the principal was indeed an essential part of the education of the gifted. However, more recent research has indicated that the principal was indeed an integral part of that education process. The impetus which seemed to stimulate the research in this area was the recognition by parents and educators that gifted and …
Student Evaluation Of Teachers, Rick A. Ironside
Student Evaluation Of Teachers, Rick A. Ironside
Graduate Research Papers
Who was the best judge of the effectiveness of a teacher? Was it the administrator who visited the classroom two or three times during the year? Was it the researcher who has yet to identify what constitutes an effective teacher? Was it the college instructor who hypothesizes in his teaching about what constitutes teacher effectiveness? According to William Rupley (1974) it was the pupil who spent more time each class day with the teacher than did anyone else.
Paraprofessional Programs In Higher Education: Advantages And Disadvantages, Brian K. Fegley
Paraprofessional Programs In Higher Education: Advantages And Disadvantages, Brian K. Fegley
Graduate Research Papers
Faced with increasing enrollments and tight fiscal policies, many directors of college student services departments have found it necessary to revise and enlarge their programs. For many, this revision includes employing upper class undergraduate students and graduate students to work as paraprofessionals. Employed as an aide to professional staff members, paraprofessionals have been used to complete basic clerical duties such as typing, copying and filing, do research, or process routine departmental paperwork. Others have been employed as "peer counselors", interacting with the student population in residence halls and counseling centers. Some student workers have administered "mini programs" within a department. …
Death Curricula In The Public Schools, David Eugene Crotts
Death Curricula In The Public Schools, David Eugene Crotts
Graduate Research Papers
The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the benefits of implementation of death and dying curricula into our public schools. The role of the school counselor in grief counseling and implementation of death curricula will be addressed. A review of relevant literature will be used to accomplish these purposes.
Childhood Obesity, Rhoda Campbell
Childhood Obesity, Rhoda Campbell
Graduate Research Papers
Childhood obesity is a problem that is increasing (Blessing, 1986). According to Dietz, (cited in Blessing, 1986), the number of obese children between the ages of twelve and seventeen increased by 39 percent between 1963 and 1980. Obesity increased for children in the six to eleven year old range by 54 percent during this same time frame. Plimpton (1987) cited a number of studies which indicated that 25 percent of American children are obese and that 80 percent of those obese children will become obese adults. The criteria used to define obesity in various studies range from 15 percent or …
Successful Stepfamily Development: Issues And Implications For Counselors, Cheryl A. Rammelsberg
Successful Stepfamily Development: Issues And Implications For Counselors, Cheryl A. Rammelsberg
Graduate Research Papers
The traditional meaning of "family" as the biological unit of father, mother and child(ren) can no longer be assumed in today's society. There are many other types of structures functioning in our society fulfilling all of the traditional family roles and responsibilities, and an increasingly prevalent one of these is the "stepfamily". One definition of stepfamily in the literature was the complex description offered by Sager, Walker, Brown and Rodstein (1981) of "one that is created by the marriage (or living together in one domicile) of two partners, one or both of whom have been married previously and was divorced …
Faculty Morale, Larry Eugene Witt
Faculty Morale, Larry Eugene Witt
Graduate Research Papers
Faculty morale is a phenomenon that has lately been receiving more discussion and research time. Recognized as a powerful force, faculty morale remains difficult to define in precise terms. One point that has been agreed upon by educators is that faculty morale is not unidimensional. Instead faculty morale is multidimensional. A second point of agreement is that faculty morale is vital to all human organizations.
Eco-Systems Management: Review And Implications, Sammie L. Dell
Eco-Systems Management: Review And Implications, Sammie L. Dell
Graduate Research Papers
Educational professionals upon registering for the 1986 Student Affairs Institute, being hosted by Iowa State University, in Am.es, Iowa, were presented a button with the following equation B = f(P x E) stamped upon it. Upon inquiry it was found the equation was one developed in part by James Banning, Vice President for Student Affairs, Colorado State University and part of an emerging new approach to providing post secondary student services. The equation translation is that behavior is a function of the interaction of persons and the environment. In regards to post secondary education this relationship is often times referred …
Application Of Progressive Business Management Practices To Public School Administration, Lorene Whitehouse Dykstra
Application Of Progressive Business Management Practices To Public School Administration, Lorene Whitehouse Dykstra
Graduate Research Papers
Administrators and teachers have been rebuffed, as illiterate graduates and teachers who fall basic skills tests have led the American public to turn increasingly towards private solutions to our public education problems. As private schooling has become increasingly available, public schools have been squeezed further by shrinking budgets and the flight of some of their most capable students to those Institutions (Jordan & Webb, 1986; Nebgen, 1985; Snyder & Anderson, 1986).
Principals As Effective Leaders, Terry Eygabroad
Principals As Effective Leaders, Terry Eygabroad
Graduate Research Papers
The only thing constant in the world is change. An innovative principal in the 1980's must be prepared to do more than maintain the status quo. To be successful, principals will need to re-educate themselves to cope with the changing demands of their roles. They will have to become knowledgeable and skillful community leaders as well as the educational leaders of their schools (Drake and Miller, 1982). It has been said that some people are born leaders, others are trained leaders, and others have leadership thrust upon them. But in any case it is opportunity, vision, action, and followers that …
Co-Dependence: A Disease Inherent To Dysfunctional Family Systems, Janet Gehrls
Co-Dependence: A Disease Inherent To Dysfunctional Family Systems, Janet Gehrls
Graduate Research Papers
Co-dependence is an idea that has emerged recently in the chemical dependency field especially relating to alcoholism. The term co-dependence was originally used to describe those persons whose lives were affected by involvement with a chemically dependent person (Subby and Friel, 1984). Most research prior to 1982 was centered on individual personality traits and characteristics of the :alcoholic or the alcoholic's spouse rather than looking at the relationship process or family system (Jacob and Seilhamer, 1982; Steinglass, 1982). Attention was focused on understanding and helping the alcoholic while the non-drinkers in the family, if considered at all, were thought to …
A Review Of The Literature About Incompetent Teachers, Margaret L. Jensen
A Review Of The Literature About Incompetent Teachers, Margaret L. Jensen
Graduate Research Papers
Incompetency when referring to a teacher's classroom performance is difficult to define (Heavilin, 1980). States have not adequately defined the term, the professional organizations for teachers, the National Education Association and the American Federation of Teachers, have not taken a stand on the meaning of incompetence, and the courts have tended to steer clear of making judgments about a particular teacher's competence; therefore, the burden of defining the term "incompetence" when evaluating teachers has fallen on the shoulders of school administrators (Bridges, 1985a & b; Munnelly, 1979).
An Ret/Systems Dialectic Metatheory, Michael Tallman
An Ret/Systems Dialectic Metatheory, Michael Tallman
Graduate Research Papers
The proponents of individual therapy and family systems therapies advocate their respective approaches as the preferred modality. The case is frequently presented as dichotomous: either therapy works with individuals (whose interpersonal relationships are viewed as relevent) or it deals with systems (Massey, 1986). The purpose of this research paper is to integrate an individual therapy, specifically Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) within a systemic framework. A theoretical approach, Dialectical Metatheory in Family Therapy (Weeks, 1986), accomodates [sic] this individual/systems perspective by transcending this dichotomy and eliminating the polarization of an either/or thinking.
Classroom Teachers' Assessment: The Use Of Classroom Instructional Procedures Correlated To Foster Creativity Of Selected Elementary And Secondary Students, Teresa A. Vanhorn
Classroom Teachers' Assessment: The Use Of Classroom Instructional Procedures Correlated To Foster Creativity Of Selected Elementary And Secondary Students, Teresa A. Vanhorn
Graduate Research Papers
A stated goal of many classroom teachers is the ability to solve new and different teaching problems in innovative ways. The ability to think creatively plays an important role in acquiring knowledge. In elementary and secondary education, creative qualities have been neglected in both testing and teaching. Students are more often asked to produce work according to specifications set by their teachers, leaving no room for them to express their own creativity. Enhancement of classroom creativity and discouragement of imitative behaviors is necessary if creativity is to flourish within our pedagogical system (Gibson, 1976).
The Relationships Between Chemical Dependency And Antisocial/Delinquent Behavior, Laura Kay Long
The Relationships Between Chemical Dependency And Antisocial/Delinquent Behavior, Laura Kay Long
Graduate Research Papers
The purpose of this paper is to review literature regarding three different relationships which may exist between chemical dependency and antisocial/delinquent behavior. The first relationship involves the assumption that drug use causes delinquent or criminal behavior (Tuchfeld, Clayton, & Logan, 1982), versus the belief by some researchers (Lukoff & Kleinman, 1977) that juvenile delinquency is a cause or major factor in the development of substance abuse. The third relationship to be studied is whether drug use and delinquency are part of a single syndrome (Kandel, Simcha-Fagan, & Davies, 1986).
The Evolution Of Marketing In The College Admissions Office, Jeffrey Phillip Stavnes
The Evolution Of Marketing In The College Admissions Office, Jeffrey Phillip Stavnes
Graduate Research Papers
Twenty years ago, the decision on where to attend college was based primarily on academic offerings, prestige and quality. It also portended opportunities for advancement to graduate school or in the work world. Today it boils down to who offers the best financial aid package.
Parental Involvement In Residential Treatment Facilities For Children, Michelle Suzanne Herman
Parental Involvement In Residential Treatment Facilities For Children, Michelle Suzanne Herman
Graduate Research Papers
As the function of residential child care shifted from orphanages to treatment facilities, the attitudes toward parental involvement also changed. Parents were no longer viewed as interruptive, and the parent-child emotional bond was recognized as superseding physical separation (Simmons, Gumpert & Rothman, 1973). The advent of systems theory and family therapy brought new conceptualizations which added 1 the dynamics of interpersonal relationships to the intrapsychic behavioral modes, challenging child care professionals to integrate these theories into treatment programs.
Teacher Recruitment And Selection Methods And Procedures, Elizabeth J. Hogan
Teacher Recruitment And Selection Methods And Procedures, Elizabeth J. Hogan
Graduate Research Papers
With fewer able young people entering the teaching field and the attrition of qualified people (minorities in particular) from the profession, the need for effective teacher selection is acute (Jenkins, 1984). Teacher selection is one of the most important managerial decisions made by school administrators today (Bredeson, 1983). Although it is true that declining enrollments have made staff cuts necessary, administrators do need to find replacements every year. Kopetskie (1983) stated that administrators cannot afford to repeat the mistakes made during the teacher shortages of the 1960s, where administrators were forced to accept any "warm body." Furthermore, a shortage of …
The Study Of The Effects Of Stress On Children Upon Entry Into A Stepfamily, Leslie Corkery
The Study Of The Effects Of Stress On Children Upon Entry Into A Stepfamily, Leslie Corkery
Graduate Research Papers
As of 1985, over 15 million children in the United States were members of a stepfamily. Each year one million more children are expected to become a part of a stepfamily. With one of two marriages ending in divorce, it is likely the statistics will rise (Martin & Martin, 1985). According to Winch (1971), "A stepfamily is a domestic family in which one or both parents have children from a previous union living most of the time in the same household" (p. 10). A stepfamily may have the appearance of a traditional family but they do not function in the …
Implementation Of Cooperative Learning By An Elementary Principal, Laurel S. Rector
Implementation Of Cooperative Learning By An Elementary Principal, Laurel S. Rector
Graduate Research Papers
Goodlad's (1984) extensive study of "what is" and "what ought to be" throughout the nation's educational system was documented in A Place Called School. Schools are faced with the painful realization of the need for change and the need to develop the ability to support continual, positive growth at all levels of the educational system. At the individual school level, a principal can meet this challenge by supporting the implementation of cooperative learning.
Transition Effects On Preadolescents And Implications For Counselors, David Thomas Peterson
Transition Effects On Preadolescents And Implications For Counselors, David Thomas Peterson
Graduate Research Papers
During the past several years the idea of predictable life transitions as playing a very significant part in both the development and the well being of individuals has gained wide acceptance. The purpose of this study will be to survey existing literature relating to the transitional period which usually occurs during the preadolescent years (ages 9-13). A secondary focus will be upon implications for the school counselor who works with this age group. Transitions and transitional periods refer to changes or interruptions in an individual's, family's, and/or institution's pattern of development which serve to connect earlier and later ways of …
Meeting The Needs Of Single Parent Students, William Keith Utterback
Meeting The Needs Of Single Parent Students, William Keith Utterback
Graduate Research Papers
The purpose of this paper was to discover which psychological and social needs are affected by this family situation and review methods which 2 educational settings have utilized to meet the needs of these unique students.
Methods To Enhance Decision-Making Skills In Nursing Students, Cindy K. Jenness
Methods To Enhance Decision-Making Skills In Nursing Students, Cindy K. Jenness
Graduate Research Papers
This study was undertaken to study the concept of dee is ion making, in particular, instructional delivery systems and evaluation techniques. A comprehensive review of the related literature was implemented. Decision making was defined and found to be an important skill for the effective practice of nursing. Several teaching strategies aimed at enhancing decision making skills as well as measures to evaluate decision making were identified and discussed. Implications for further study and implications for educational practice were also discussed.
Facilitating Peer Tutors In Elementary School Guidance Programs, James Langholz
Facilitating Peer Tutors In Elementary School Guidance Programs, James Langholz
Graduate Research Papers
Peer tutoring is perhaps one of the greatest sources for mobilizing unused potentialities for learning and for controlling the factors which block or retard learning. The failure to use peer tutors in a variety of forms is a major source of waste in schools (Wagner, 1982). Society holds to an ideal that children will grow into responsible citizens who care for and help others. Yet, rarely do schools permit children to assume and practice these responsibilities. Nor do schools systematically supervise or actively shape effective helping behaviors (Jenkins & Jenkins, 1981).
An Annotated Bibliography Of Readings For Parents Of Visually Impaired Children, Dotta J. Hassman
An Annotated Bibliography Of Readings For Parents Of Visually Impaired Children, Dotta J. Hassman
Graduate Research Papers
This research project provides an annotated list of recommended readings for parents of visually impaired children. Selection for the list was determined by a) copyright date of 1980 or later, b) two or more recommendations from professionals working with VI children or organizations supporting the VI population, and c) availability from Iowa Commission for the Blind or Iowa Braille and Sight Saving School. Forty-seven responses were received from the 101 educational settings and organizations asked to recommend readings for parents of the visually impaired. Thirty-six titles compose the final annotated list. It is divided into six categories: autobiography, child development, …
Profile Of The Alcoholic Woman, Jacqueline W. Carter
Profile Of The Alcoholic Woman, Jacqueline W. Carter
Graduate Research Papers
Although there are gender differences in alcoholism, the definition of alcoholism is the same for women as it is for men. The American Psychiatric Association (Packard, 1986), the National Council on Alcoholism (Estes, 1982), and the World Health Organization (Kinney and Leaton, 1978) all define alcoholism as a chronic disease manifested by excessive drinking which causes a continuing problem in any area of a person's life including physical and mental health, interpersonal relations, and social and economic functioning.