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Articles 1261 - 1290 of 1433

Full-Text Articles in Operations and Supply Chain Management

Dispatching Continuous Moves, David Ronen Sep 2005

Dispatching Continuous Moves, David Ronen

Journal of Transportation Management

Continuous Moves (CM) is a term coined by the trucking industry. This paper defines CM’s, classifies them and discusses their economies. A unifying mathematical optimization model for dispatching orders is then presented. The model selects the best way to dispatch each and every order, whether as a part of a CM or not. However, the model does consider all the feasible types of CM’s. Practical aspects associated with implementing CM’s are also discussed.

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The Global Supply Chain: Challenges And Solutions, Carol J. Johnson, Paul Nuzum Sep 2005

The Global Supply Chain: Challenges And Solutions, Carol J. Johnson, Paul Nuzum

Journal of Transportation Management

While there have been independent examinations of several of the changes that affect the supply chain, to date there has been little in the way of studies that holistically examine the changes facing front line supply chain managers today and the solutions they have implemented to address those changes. Supply chain executives have been interviewed in depth to better understand how manufacturing or distribution network changes, technology implementation, corporate re-structuring and/or increasing customer demands have been addressed in the field. An understanding of the challenges and successes faced by Global 1000 firms as they address these changes should help others …

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Carrier Selection Criteria: Differences Among Truckload Motor Carrier Offerings, John L. Kent, Carlo D. Smith Sep 2005

Carrier Selection Criteria: Differences Among Truckload Motor Carrier Offerings, John L. Kent, Carlo D. Smith

Journal of Transportation Management

Effective customer service begins with an understanding of the service components customers’ view as most important to their operations and business success. Within the transportation industry research has investigated the importance of such criteria at an industry level. This article offers detailed rankings of service criteria priority from a shipper’s perspective by comparing criteria across five types of motor carrier offerings including dry van, temperature controlled, intermodal, tank, and flatbed. Results identify the ranked importance of 20 service characteristics, common themes, and distinct differences in the importance of service criteria among the alternative supplier offerings.

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Influence Of Neck-Rail Placement On Free-Stall Preference, Use, And Cleanliness, Cassandra B. Tucker, Daniel M. Weary, David Fraser Aug 2005

Influence Of Neck-Rail Placement On Free-Stall Preference, Use, And Cleanliness, Cassandra B. Tucker, Daniel M. Weary, David Fraser

Housing and Confinement of Farm Animals Collection

Three experiments examined how the presence of a neck rail at different heights and locations influenced dairy cattle behavior and stall cleanliness. Experiment 1 compared 4 levels of neck-rail height (102, 114, and 127 cm and no neck rail; presented at 160 or 180 cm from the curb) in a preference test. Cows (n = 10) showed no consistent preference based on neck-rail height, regardless of the horizontal position of the neck rail. When cows were restricted to each treatment in turn, however, time spent standing fully (with all 4 hooves) in the stall was least in the stall with …

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Financing America’S Roads: The Past Is Prologue, Michael J. Gravier, M Theodore Farris Ii Apr 2005

Financing America’S Roads: The Past Is Prologue, Michael J. Gravier, M Theodore Farris Ii

Journal of Transportation Management

This article provides a historical perspective of American roadway financing. It explores revenue collection and expenditures at the federal, state, and local governmental levels. Accounting practices of the Highway Trust Fund are discussed including the enactment of the Truth in Budgeting Act to shift revenue collection closer to a direct-user tax. Factors affecting roadway tax revenues are identified and the impact of increasing taxes is discussed. Four key considerations which will continue to shape roadway revenue collection are identified.

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Regulatory Perspectives Of The Air Express Industry, Kian Chuan Chang, Mark Brian Debowski Apr 2005

Regulatory Perspectives Of The Air Express Industry, Kian Chuan Chang, Mark Brian Debowski

Journal of Transportation Management

In its early days, the international air express industry was synonymous with on-board couriers, carrying bags of documents on commercial flights. The industry has changed dramatically. That initial focus on documents has widened into the transport of packages and freight, carried by fleets of fully owned or dedicated aircraft, trucks, trains and delivery vans. The bulk of the business is dominated by 24-hour guaranteed and next-day deliveries. “Every day, hundreds of thousands of employees serve the distribution needs of an increasing number of businesses worldwide from one region to another” (European Express Association, 2002). The express companies are also making …

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The Importance Of Logistics Capability In The E-Commerce Market, Jay Joong-Kun Cho, John Ozment Apr 2005

The Importance Of Logistics Capability In The E-Commerce Market, Jay Joong-Kun Cho, John Ozment

Journal of Transportation Management

This research is focused on the importance of logistics capability and its effect on firm performance in the e-commerce market. Technology-based net companies are known to have poor business network and infrastructure compared to resource-based traditional non-net based companies. A multiple-item logistics capability measurement scale is used to measure logistics capability of the firm. Firm performance is also measured by multiple items. The results indicate that logistics capability has a positive relationship with firm performance and this relationship is stronger for net based firms than for non-net based firms. Logistics capability is perceived as the firm’s critical capability in providing …

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A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Journal Of Transportation Management: 1996 - 2004, Jerry W. Wilson, Cindy H. Randall Apr 2005

A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Journal Of Transportation Management: 1996 - 2004, Jerry W. Wilson, Cindy H. Randall

Journal of Transportation Management

The first issue of the Journal of Transportation Management (JTM) was published in the Fall of 1989. This new publication was to provide an outlet for research and writing of a practical nature, of direct benefit to logistics and transportation managers and their firms. Since that first issue, the Journal has weathered three sets of editorial staff that have collectively produced sixteen full or partial volumes. This article provides some of the history of the JTM and an analysis of some of the characteristics of its contributors during the tenure of its third and current editor, Jerry Wilson.

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Using Active Learning To Enhance Supply Chain Knowledge, Joe B. Hanna, Brian J. Gibson, Randall Chapman Apr 2005

Using Active Learning To Enhance Supply Chain Knowledge, Joe B. Hanna, Brian J. Gibson, Randall Chapman

Journal of Transportation Management

The constantly evolving logistics discipline confronts practitioners with the challenge of keeping pace with the many advancements in the field. The authors examine ways in which logistics trainers may be able to improve their ability to effectively convey knowledge to logistics practitioners by supplementing the traditional lecture-based approaches with active learning exercises. The results of a recently conducted survey detailing current usage levels and approaches of active learning exercises, specifically simulations, by logistics educators is then presented. The paper also summarizes comments from individual simulation participants after they have completed a training experience designed to immerse them in a real …

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The Effects Of Land Transport On Animal Welfare, D. M. Broom Jan 2005

The Effects Of Land Transport On Animal Welfare, D. M. Broom

Transport of Farm Animals Collection

Animal welfare during and as a result of transport can be assessed by using a range of behavioural, physiological, pathological and carcass-quality indicators that are described in this paper. Measures of the extent of any disease, injury or mortality resulting from, or exacerbated by, transport are important because health is an important part of welfare. Many of the indicators are measures of stress as they involve long-term adverse effects on the individual. Factors affecting the welfare of animals before, during and after transport which are discussed are: definition of the responsibilities and competence, attitudes to animals and need for training …

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A Comparison Of Implementation Issues And Strategies For Radio Frequency Identification Technologies Between The U.S. Military And Private Sector Organizations, Kristine M. O'Brien, Stephen M. Swartz Sep 2004

A Comparison Of Implementation Issues And Strategies For Radio Frequency Identification Technologies Between The U.S. Military And Private Sector Organizations, Kristine M. O'Brien, Stephen M. Swartz

Journal of Transportation Management

The purpose of this research was to study the implementation of radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies used to track equipment and supplies. Current implementation issues and strategies for future use were collected from leading edge organizations from the military and private sector. A formal comparison found both similarities and differences between how industry and the Army are implementing and using RFID technologies in their supply chains and logistics networks. This article focuses on these similarities and differences, to include a gap between the Army and industry regarding RFID tag use and implementation, and a difference in the overall focus of …

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The Profit Impact Of A Strategic Approach To Web Enhanced Services (Wes)—A Study Of The Motor Carrier Industry, Gregory M. Kellar, John Xiaoqun Zhang Sep 2004

The Profit Impact Of A Strategic Approach To Web Enhanced Services (Wes)—A Study Of The Motor Carrier Industry, Gregory M. Kellar, John Xiaoqun Zhang

Journal of Transportation Management

An increasing number of motor carriers offer web-enhanced services (WES) such as real-timetracking-and-tracing, on-line ordering, and conflict resolution. However, the burst of the Internet bubble raised questions as to whether investments in such Internet-related services increase corporate profitability (e.g., Nagarajan et al., 2000). This article studies financial and operational values that web-enhanced services add to publicly traded interstate trucking companies. Large companies offering WES were found to be more profitable than smaller companies in general, and they were more profitable than other large carriers not offering WES. Investments in WES appear to provide a strategic advantage specifically for large companies.

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Meeting The Challenge Of Supply Chain Integration: Using Six Sigma For Process Improvement, Kathryn Dobie, Rhonda Hensley Sep 2004

Meeting The Challenge Of Supply Chain Integration: Using Six Sigma For Process Improvement, Kathryn Dobie, Rhonda Hensley

Journal of Transportation Management

Increased performance expectations, a more complex operating environment, rising costs, and declining operating margins have become every day challenges for carrier management. In order to meet these challenges, business-as-usual is not an adequate response. The time has come to take a new look at the way thing are being done and the results that are being achieved. One method of making such an examination, Six Sigma, has produced extraordinary results for many of the manufacturing and service companies, large and small, that have implemented it. The introduction of Six Sigma as a means of examining and improving carrier service delivery …

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Technology Based Supply Chain Training: Its Use And Effectiveness, Brian J. Gibson, Jonathan D. Whitaker Sep 2004

Technology Based Supply Chain Training: Its Use And Effectiveness, Brian J. Gibson, Jonathan D. Whitaker

Journal of Transportation Management

Employee training is a huge business in the United States with spending in the neighborhood of $51 billion dollars. Over the last five years a growing proportion of training dollars have been committed to technology based training involving distance learning and e-learning. This article reports on the use of these innovative training methods in supply chain management and their impact on organizations in terms of cost effectiveness, time efficiency, skill development, and return on investment.

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The Transportation And Warehousing Challenge For Multinational Corporations In China, Garland Chow, Charles Guowen Wang Sep 2004

The Transportation And Warehousing Challenge For Multinational Corporations In China, Garland Chow, Charles Guowen Wang

Journal of Transportation Management

Logistics is a major challenge for multinational corporations seeking to do business in China. Transportation and warehousing are two core activities of logistics which will have to be outsourced or produced internally by foreign firms entering the China market. This paper focuses on road and rail transportation, the primary forms of transport utilized to move finished goods, as well as the warehousing and distribution center service sector. Trucking services and costs are observed to be poor by Western standards. There is no established less-than-truckload (LTL) industry and there are limited trucking networks offering one stop shipping across the country. None …

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Free-Stall Dimensions: Effects On Preference And Stall Usage, Cassandra B. Tucker, Daniel M. Weary, David Fraser May 2004

Free-Stall Dimensions: Effects On Preference And Stall Usage, Cassandra B. Tucker, Daniel M. Weary, David Fraser

Housing and Confinement of Farm Animals Collection

In 2 experiments, free-stall dimensions were examined to determine how they affected stall preference, usage, cleanliness, and milk production in Holstein dairy cattle. In experiment 1, stall width (112 or 132 cm) and stall length (229 and 274 cm from curb to wall) were compared in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of stall treatments using 15 individually housed, non-lactating animals. Cows showed no clear preference for stall size as measured by lying time. When animals had no choice between stalls, average lying time was higher in the wide stalls than in the narrow stalls (10.8 vs. 9.6 ± 0.3 …

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A Comparative Study Of Selected Measures Of Performance Of Organizations Before And After Obtaining Iso 9000 Certification As Compared To The S&P 500 Index, Gregory K. Arbuckle May 2004

A Comparative Study Of Selected Measures Of Performance Of Organizations Before And After Obtaining Iso 9000 Certification As Compared To The S&P 500 Index, Gregory K. Arbuckle

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

"One of the most significant changes in international business is the recent movement toward quality awareness. Although still embryonic, acceptance of the importance of quality and reliability is being recognized as a critical factor for the sale of many products and services in business operations and in performance worldwide" (Joubert, 1998, ,i 1 ). Over time, there have been many management systems developed to improve quality such as TQM, Malcolm Baldrige and Six Sigma; two of the largest and/or newest being ISO 9000 and QS 9000. The literature is unclear as to which systems actually work and which do not. …

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Basing Rate Adjustments For Motor Carriers On Statistical Evidence, L Douglas Smith, James F. Campbell, Ray Mundy Apr 2004

Basing Rate Adjustments For Motor Carriers On Statistical Evidence, L Douglas Smith, James F. Campbell, Ray Mundy

Journal of Transportation Management

Pricing services of motor carriers is a dynamic process, with continuous pressure from customers to offer competitive rates and discounts. This can lead to a profusion of special arrangements with rates that poorly reflect the services rendered. This article shows how standard database systems and statistical models can be used to extract useful information from bills of lading to assist in the pricing of freight services. Summaries of business performance are produced according to terminal facility, shipping origin, shipping destination, individual shipping lane and individual customer. User-friendly statistical models are constructed to produce benchmarks for rates and revenues considering the …

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Depot Repair Capacity As A Criterion For Transportation Mode Selection In The Retrograde Movement Of Reparable Assets, William A. Cunningham, Stephen Swartz, Harold M. Kahler Apr 2004

Depot Repair Capacity As A Criterion For Transportation Mode Selection In The Retrograde Movement Of Reparable Assets, William A. Cunningham, Stephen Swartz, Harold M. Kahler

Journal of Transportation Management

To support smaller reparable asset inventories, current Air Force logistics policies direct the “expedited evacuation of reparables ... to the source of repair.” Mode selection is based on the asset. Focusing on the asset is an efficient and effective method of getting assets to where they are needed in a timely manner in the forward portion of the supply pipeline. However, in the reverse portion of the pipeline, the demand for an asset may no longer be critical to how it is transported. The quantity of the asset at the depot may already exceed repair capacity. In this instance, rapid …

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Carrier Scorecarding: Purposes, Processes, And Benefits, Brian J. Gibson, Jerry W. Wilson Apr 2004

Carrier Scorecarding: Purposes, Processes, And Benefits, Brian J. Gibson, Jerry W. Wilson

Journal of Transportation Management

Carrier scorecarding programs (CSP’s) provide a formal, quantitative mechanism for use in assessing carrier performance. Such programs provide valuable input for carrier rationalization and contract development initiatives and can also serve as a key component of a Six Sigma program. In this study, the overall goal was to address three research questions. First, why are organizations adopting CSP’s? Second, how are organizations using carrier scorecarding to select and manage carriers? Finally, how does carrier scorecarding impact organizational performance? These questions were used to develop the set of research propositions that formed the basis for the investigation. In-depth case studies of …

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An Exploratory Study Into The Use Of Hyper-Interactive Teaching Technology In The Logistics And Transportation Classroom, Stephen M. Rutner Apr 2004

An Exploratory Study Into The Use Of Hyper-Interactive Teaching Technology In The Logistics And Transportation Classroom, Stephen M. Rutner

Journal of Transportation Management

New technologies are being developed that can assist professors in the classroom. One is the Hyper-Interactive Teaching Technology or H-ITT. This is a system that allows instructors to gather instantaneous feedback from st udents for a variety of topics. The article examines the benefits and disadvantages of using H-ITT in the classroom and presents some initial findings.

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Using Life-Cycle Costing And The Strategic Profit Model To Enhance Motor Carrier Capital Equipment Management, Joe B. Hanna, Andrew Stapleton, Brian R. Zoll Apr 2004

Using Life-Cycle Costing And The Strategic Profit Model To Enhance Motor Carrier Capital Equipment Management, Joe B. Hanna, Andrew Stapleton, Brian R. Zoll

Journal of Transportation Management

Participants in the increasingly competitive motor carrier industry are constantly trying to identify ways to enhance customer service levels and/or reduce costs. This research summarized case-based data from three large carriers to examine the use of life-cycle costing as a method to enhance motor carrier equipment management. The financial results of applying the technique are then examined by applying the Strategic Profit Model.

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Supply Chain Management In Humanitarian Relief Logistics, William K. Rodman Mar 2004

Supply Chain Management In Humanitarian Relief Logistics, William K. Rodman

Theses and Dissertations

Hundreds of millions of people are affected by disasters each year. This thesis explores the use of supply chain management techniques to overcome the barriers encountered by logistics managers during humanitarian relief operations. Using grounded theory methodology, barriers were analyzed based on academic, organizational, and contemporary literature. Possible solutions to these barriers were selected from available supply chain management literature. This work is different from others in that it marries supply chain principles from different disciplines (including private, nonprofit, and military sectors) to benefit humanitarian operations. It also serves to advance the body of knowledge on this subject so that …

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A Framework For Evaluating Supply Chain Performance, Terrance L. Pohlen Sep 2003

A Framework For Evaluating Supply Chain Performance, Terrance L. Pohlen

Journal of Transportation Management

Managers require measures spanning multiple enterprises to increase supply chain competitiveness and to increase the value delivered to the end-customer. Despite the need for supply chain metrics, there is little evidence that any firms are successfully measuring and evaluating interfirm performance. Existing measures continue to capture intrafirm performance and focus on traditional measures. The lack of a framework to simultaneously measure and translate interfirm performance into value creation has largely contributed to this situation. This article presents a framework that overcomes these shortcomings by measuring performance across multiple firms and translating supply chain performance into shareholder value.

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Balancing The Logistics Cost-Of-Service Equation In An Increasingly Uncertain Business Environment, Kay Dobie, Jerry Wilson Sep 2003

Balancing The Logistics Cost-Of-Service Equation In An Increasingly Uncertain Business Environment, Kay Dobie, Jerry Wilson

Journal of Transportation Management

The emphasis in the press, trade publications, and even academic publications is increasingly on supply chain operations, collaboration, and software. There is no argument that these are important considerations as companies struggle to compete in highly competitive markets and an economically difficult environment. This emphasis on “lean” or “JIT” operations presupposes the ability of the firm to operate on a minimum level of inventory and deliver a high level of service. Too often, the basic and vital interdependency between transportation and inventory, necessary to support this objective, is forgotten in the emphasis on the total picture as embodied by the …

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Benchmarking The Operational Efficiency Of Major U.S. Trucking Firms Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Hokey Min, Seong Jong Joo Sep 2003

Benchmarking The Operational Efficiency Of Major U.S. Trucking Firms Using Data Envelopment Analysis, Hokey Min, Seong Jong Joo

Journal of Transportation Management

In an era of downsizing and financial cutbacks, the operational efficiency of trucking firms dictates their competitiveness and survival. In an effort to help trucking firms develop a winning formula in the fiercely competitive logistics industry, this research aims to develop a meaningful set of benchmarks that will set the tone for best practices. In particular, a data envelopment analysis (DEA) is described. DEA has proven to be useful for measuring the operational efficiency of various profit or non-profit organizations. Using the examples of major trucking businesses in the United States, the usefulness of data envelopment analysis for the continuous …

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Price Negotiation Strategies Adopted By Shippers Of International Air And Ocean Transportation, Padmapriya Baboo, Evelyn Thomchick Sep 2003

Price Negotiation Strategies Adopted By Shippers Of International Air And Ocean Transportation, Padmapriya Baboo, Evelyn Thomchick

Journal of Transportation Management

Government regulations in the international air and ocean shipping industry have undergone a wide range of new developments geared towards deregulation. These changes, coupled with the emergence of new technologies, have facilitated foreign trade operations leading to a substantial increase in international air and ocean cargo traffic in recent years. This study investigates the regulation reforms that have affected pricing techniques in both industries and their implications on the negotiation strategies adopted by shippers and carriers. The survey results identified that each shipping firm negotiated on a variety of issues and employed more than one strategy for negotiating price.

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Drivers Of Logistics Excellence: Implications For Carriers, Karl B. Manrodt Sep 2003

Drivers Of Logistics Excellence: Implications For Carriers, Karl B. Manrodt

Journal of Transportation Management

Technological advances have increased customer expectations during an era of increasing cost controls. Shippers are becoming more demanding as technologies being developed offer greater visibility and control in the supply chain. The question remains, however, as to what are the key drivers of this technological change, and where is the market headed. Will these changes merely add cost or will they enable carriers to compete effectively in the market? The purpose of this article is to highlight six major drivers of logistics excellence, and to provide the carrier community with some thoughts as to how to respond to these emerging …

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Industry-Wide Response To Terror: A Political Economy Analysis Of The Owner/Operator Sector Of The U.S. Motorcoach Industry Post 9-11, Kathryn J. Ready, Drew Stapleton, Milorad Novicevic, Tom Kuffel Apr 2003

Industry-Wide Response To Terror: A Political Economy Analysis Of The Owner/Operator Sector Of The U.S. Motorcoach Industry Post 9-11, Kathryn J. Ready, Drew Stapleton, Milorad Novicevic, Tom Kuffel

Journal of Transportation Management

The authors develop a political economy framework to study the post- September 11th environmental changes and firm responses in the owner/operator sector of the U.S. motorcoach industry. Based on a comprehensive analysis of both evolutionary and revolutionary changes in the competitive and regulatory environments faced by the firms in this industry, their policy and strategic responses to the terrorist acts of September 11, 2001, on U.S. soil are examined. The industry’s response is captured (i.e., collective action response) by surveying 163 firms operating and competing in the owner/operator sector of the U.S. motorcoach industry. Several descriptive statistics are synthesized and …

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Global Order Status Process Of Hi-Tech Companies, Jatinder S. Chahal, Evelyn Thomchick Apr 2003

Global Order Status Process Of Hi-Tech Companies, Jatinder S. Chahal, Evelyn Thomchick

Journal of Transportation Management

This paper focuses on the global order status process of high-tech companies. An effort has been made to understand how these companies approach their global order status process. Similarities and differences in their order status process are given. A brief history of tracking and tracing capabilities is also presented, highlighting FedEx and UPS. Some new trends in track and trace are also discussed.

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