International Business Commons^™

Impact Of Behavioral Performance Management In A Korean Application, Fred Luthans, Shanggeun Rhee, Brett C. Luthans, James B. Avey

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine whether the use of money, social recognition, and feedback have a similar impact on employee performance in the context of a modern Korean broadband internet service firm.

Design/methodology/approach – The study design was a quasi-field experiment (with control group). First, the leaders of this Korean firm were trained in behavioral performance management. Following the steps of organisational behavior modification (O.B. Mod.) they identified, measured, and analyzed critical performance behaviors and then intervened with the following reward incentives: money (n = 38), social recognition and caring attention (n = 41), and …

Institutional Issues Impeding Progress Of The Free Trade Area Of The Americas Agreement (Ftaa), Sivakumar Venkataramany, Balbir B. Bhasin

WCBT Faculty Publications

For any bilateral or multilateral trade agreement to be effective, it is imperative that all participants derive maximum benefit. This paper examines the institutional issues facing the partners of the Free Trade of the Area of the Americas (FTAA), analyzes some of the current areas of conflict and suggests action to reduce tensions and promote harmony, cooperation and accommodation which is a necessity when multiple countries attempt to foster such an agreement.

Infrastructure Development In Emerging Economies And The Roles Played By Multilateral Institutions, Amjad Ahasan Basheer

LLM Theses and Essays

This thesis is a study of the development of long-term infrastructure projects in the emerging economies. The essay addresses the emerging economies’ particular attraction to project finance to bring in much needed foreign investment for implementing infrastructure projects instead of obtaining loans, grants, and assistance from international institutions and wealthy donor countries. While the investors have found new opportunities to invest in the emerging economies, it is not without its own set of risks. To assist both the host nations and the investors, bilateral institutions as well as multilateral institutions provide risk insurance for long-term infrastructure projects. These institutions not …

Culture, Sovereignty, And Hollywood: Unesco And The Future Of Trade In Cultural Products, Christopher M. Bruner

Scholarly Works

On October 20, 2005, the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganization (UNESCO) adopted a treaty - by a vote of 148-2, with 4 abstentions - that legitimates domestic legal measures aimed at the protection of local producers of cultural activities, goods and services. Opposed by the United States and Israel, the Convention represents a major diplomatic victory for Canada and France - its principal proponents - and a major blow to Hollywood and the United States, audiovisual products being among America's most lucrative exports. Both Canada and France, like many countries around the world, have long …

Control And The Protean Career: A Critical Perspective From The Multinational’S International Assignees, Marian Crowley-Henry, David Weir

Articles

Mainstream management literature and research regarding the international career has long focused on the traditional expatriate experience. In this discourse the tendency has been to outline the benefits and issues to be considered for organizations and individuals embarking on international assignments. In contrast this chapter focuses on a special group whose positioning in the structures of employment and organization is in some ways exemplary of developing trends in the global labor force. They are the highly educated permanent expatriates who remain in the host country indefinitely (that is without a pre-determined organizational option of repatriation to their initial home country). …

American Index Put Options Early Exercise Premium Estimation, Ako Doffou

WCBT Faculty Publications

"This paper examines empirically the value of early exercise by testing the ability of two American put valuation models to predict the early exercise premium for the S&P 100 American put options. An accuracy test and a quality test are performed on (1) the MacMillan (1986) & Barone-Adesi and Whaley (1987) model, and (2) the Carr, Jarrow and Myneni(1992) model. The test results show that early exercise premium is significant regardless of moneyness. Moreover, consistent with the theory, the value of early exercise is significantly negatively related to moneyness and interest rates and significantly positively related to time to maturity …

Identifying, Understanding, And Resolving Legal And Operational Issues In Outsourcing--Bharat Vagadia's Outsourcing To India: A Legal Handbook, Ilmr Editors

Brigham Young University International Law & Management Review

No abstract provided.

Migration, Trade, And Development, Federal Reserve Bank Of Dallas, The Tower Center For Political Studies, Southern Methodist University, Department Of Economics At Southern Methodist University, Jno E. Owens Foundation

eBooks

"Migration and trade are more prevalent today than ever before in the history of the world. The United States is the recipient of about one-third of the world’s migrants and accounted for a quarter of the world’s output and 13 percent of the world’s trade in 2005. But the global significance of the U.S. economy is slowly declining, and while the effects of migration and trade on the U.S. economy have been examined time and again, questions concerning the impact of migration and trade on development in low-income countries are of growing importance.

Simple, neoclassical economic models predict that prices …

International New Ventures: Revisiting The Influences Behind The 'Born-Global' Firm, Terence P. C. Fan, Phillip Phan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

There is a small but theoretically important literature on 'born-globals' or international new venture firms that positions itself in contrast to the more established sequential international entry literature. In this paper we examine the pattern of entry into international markets for a set of international new ventures and show that they need not be a distinct breed of firms, as previous research has portrayed. Absent a specific technological advantage, the decision for a new venture to internationalize at inception is influenced by the size of its home market and by its production capacity, as well as by cultural and economic …

The Relationship Between International Expansion And Firm Performance: An Investigation Of U.S.-Based Restaurants And Firms, Soyeon Jung

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This study has three objectives. First, based on the above argument, this study aims to examine whether there is an association between international expansion and U.S.-based restaurants performance in terms of accounting-based measures. Second, this study intends to examine how the performance of service firms will indeed change within an observed time frame of international expansion. Finally, the research hopes to provide insights and assistance both to academics and to company strategists who are in charge of the international operations of service firms.

The Challenge Of Developing Across Borders: Singapore’S Gambit In Bangalore, India, Choong Tze Chua, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Caroline Yeoh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

No abstract provided.

A Trans-Tasman Business Elite?, Nicholas Harrigan, Shaun Goldfinch

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This article examines the close relationship between the Australian and New Zealand business communities to ask whether the relationship is best characterized as simply a bi-lateral trading relationship, or whether there is evidence of the formation of a transnational business community. This article also seeks to explore the nature of Australia—New Zealand integration, and specifically the degree to which the relationship is interdependent or asymmetrical. Data are drawn from quantitative sources — including a dataset developed from the IBISWorld's Largest 2000 Enterprises in Australia and New Zealand, Who's Who in Australia, and Who's Who in Business in Australia — and …

Personal Characteristics, Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment Of Taiwanese Expatriates Working In Mainland China, Sheng Wen Liu

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

With a population of 1.2 billion, mainland China has become a major target country for many foreign companies looking to expand their businesses because of its inexpensive labor and its large market. Since 1987, many manufacturers in Taiwan have moved to mainland China to reduce labor costs. In 2006, there were 70,256 companies from Taiwan operating in mainland China with fiscal expenditures exceeding US $42.8 1 billion dollars (Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China, 2006). If Taiwan's foreign direct investment (FDI) and offshore investment expenditures were included, Taiwan would have had the second largest FDI in mainland …

Technological Knowledge, Product Relatedness, And Parent Control: The Effect On Ijv Survival, Dean Xu, Jane W. Lu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This article examines the relationships among parent firm technological knowledge, parent-IJV product relatedness, parent control over the IJV, and IJV survival. Combining the knowledge-based perspective and institutional theory, we argue that parent control itself does not necessarily lead to higher IN survival; it contributes to IN survival when the parent firm has a high level of technological knowledge, and when the IJV is product-related to this parent. Results obtained from 1038 Japanese IJVs based in China indicate that both equity control and managerial control of a Japanese parent had a positive interaction effect, with the parent's technological knowledge, on IN …

State-Led Transborder Industrialization In Asia: A Note On Singapore's Manufacturing Enclaves In Vietnam And China, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

State-led, market-driven interventions have been the hallmark of the Singapore `success storyÆ. This paper revisits SingaporeÆs state-enterprise strategy and takes a closer look at the portability of this strategy, in the framework of Regionalization21, a series of transborder industrialization experiments in Indonesia, Vietnam and China. These state-engineered projects, orchestrated to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand into the region, remain controversial. This strategic initiative is promulgated on the exportability of SingaporeÆs state credibility, systemic and operational efficiencies as well as technological competencies, to locations where these attributes are less distinct. We present evidence culled from surveys and interviews …

Impact Of Culture On International Business Negotiation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Of Taiwan, Hong Kong, And Mainland China, Jung-Tsung Tu

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

Each year international business amounts to more than $1 trillion U.S. dollars (WTO, 2005). Both foreign investment and international trade are growing substantially, causing increasing interdependence of national economies as well as furthering the globalization of companies. Presently, Greater China's economy holds an increasingly large influence on the world. Despite the enthusiasm for increased economic exchange, many people have found that cultural differences have hindered their ability to efficiently conduct business due to their lack of understanding of the cultural differences among Chinese citizens living in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Mainland China. People engaged in the negotiations of agreements in …

The Protean Career: Exemplified By First World Foreign Residents In Western Europe?, Marian Crowley-Henry

Articles

This article presents findings from a qualitative study exploring the career-related motivations and experiences of a sample of 20 expatriates living and working on a permanent basis in the South of France (Sophia Antipolis) and in Germany (Munich). By virtue of their having established local links in the host country, either in having local working contracts or being installed in the area on a permanent basis (home owners; children born/being schooled in the host country), these expatriates could also be termed foreign residents in the host country. The study’s sample of highly educated workers originating from the United States of …

Is The World Flat Or Spiky? Information Intensity, Skills, And Global Service Disaggregation, Sunil Mithas, Jonathan W. Whitaker

Management Faculty Publications

Which service occupations are the most susceptible to global disaggregation? What are the factors and mechanisms that make service occupations amenable to global disaggregation? This research addresses these questions by building on previous work by Apte and Mason (1995) and Rai, Patnayakuni, and Seth (2006) that focuses on the unbundling of information and physical flows. We propose a theory of service disaggregation and argue that high information intensity makes an occupation more amenable for disaggregation because the activities in such occupations can be codified, standardized, and modularized. We empirically validate our theoretical model using data on more than 300 service …

The Drivers And Barriers To Customer Value Creation: Issues And Prespectives In The Marble Sector Smes Of North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan, Muhammad Noman

Business Review

The concept of value and, more specifically, customer value is of increasing interest to both academics and practitioners. Many see it as the next source of competitive advantage. Like other regions of the country, the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan has a presence of SMEs in many sectors. A major one amongst these is the marble sector; characterized by two sub-sectors, marble mining and marble processing. A review of various studies in the marble sector reveals that about 70 percent of marble reserves in Pakistan are being wasted due to poor mining and processing techniques. The situation is further aggravated …

Leadership Style, Leader-Member Exchange, And Performance For A Family-Run Taiwanese Multinational Enterprise, Yintsuo Huang

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

During Taiwan's modem surge in economic development, family businesses became one of the most important organizational units in the society. Taiwanese family operated enterprises combine traditional values with Japanese and Western business practices; this influences organizational leadership styles. Most leadership theories focus on leader development; however, the relationship between supervisor-leaders and subordinate-managers is important in the leadership process. To be competitive, multinational enterprises are challenged to develop effective global management and leadership relationships and practices when conducting operations between headquarters and subsidiaries that extend across nations and cultures.

The purpose of this explanatory (correlational) and exploratory (comparative) research survey was …

International Venturing By Emerging Economy Firms: The Effects Of Firm Capabilities, Home Country Networks, And Corporate Entrepreneurship, Daphne W. Yiu, Chungming Lau, Garry D. Bruton

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Past literature on foreign direct investment generally supports an economics perspective that there is a direct relationship between firm-specific ownership advantages and international expansion. However, in emerging economies, with their institutional environment context characterized by low resource munificence and continuous economic liberalization, a theoretical extension of the current perspective is needed. This paper introduces new parameters by focusing on specific ownership advantages and strategic actions that firms have to develop in response to the institutional characteristics of the emerging economies when they decide to pursue outward FDI. The focus here is on international venturing that requires a firm to engage …

Brink's Entry Into China 2007, Roger R. Schnorbus, Littleton M. Maxwell

Robins School of Business White Paper Series, 1980-2022

This case was prepared from various referenced sources and was developed solely for classroom discussion; the case is not intended to serve as an endorsement, source of primary data or an illustration of either effective or ineffective handling of a business situation.

Ron Rokosz, the President of Brink's International was both pleased and distressed as he reviewed the financial results of International operations for fiscal 2006. Revenue had increased by 14% to $1,568.6M, driven by strong gains in both EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and LA (Latin America). In addition, operating profit in International was up by 68%. (Exhibit 1) …

Geo-Politics, The ‘War On Terror’ And The Competitiveness Of The City Of London, Richard Woodward

Books/Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

The Evolution And Utilization Of The Gatt/Wto Dispute Settlement Mechanism, Pao-Li Chang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper provides a theoretical framework of dispute settlement to explain the surge in blocking incidence of GATT panel reports during the 1980s and the variations in withdrawn incidence versus total disputes across different decades of the GATT regime. The study first suggests the role of the degree of legal controversy over a panel ruling in determining countries' incentives to block (appeal) a panel report under the GATT (WTO) regime. The study then analyzes the effects of political power on countries' incentives to use, and their interactions in using, the dispute settlement mechanism, when two-sided asymmetric information exists regarding panel …

Financial Instability: Is Regionalism The Answer?, Marco Vasconi

Archived Theses and Dissertations

Since the end of World War II there has been a nearly universal trend toward regionalism, best represented by the European case and the rise of more than one hundred other regional agreements. This tendency, however, has experienced a particularly steep increase since the 1980s due to significant political and economic developments. The rise of economic and more importantly financial globalization fostered by impressive technological progress is regarded as one of the key factors in bringing about this new wave of regionalism, as it has raised a number of questions regarding governance, negative effects of financial instability and possible responses …

Faculty Profile: Martin Grossman, Andrew C. Holman

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Local Knowledge Going Global: Singapore's Exported Expertise In Indonesia, Vietnam And China, Wilfred Pow Ngee How, Caroline Yeoh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

No abstract provided.

Foreign Direct Investment And Development Objectives In The Republic Of Uganda, David Olanya

Archived Theses and Dissertations

This study develops an analytical framework for investigating Government of Ugandaâ s support for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) development paradigm. It compares macroeconomic and institutional incentives in attracting FDI and institutional weaknesses. This study also discusses the nature of FDI, benefits of FDI in terms of its spillovers, and strategic issues and policies for managing stakeholders in the economy. While Ugandan government maintains the view that improving on policy environment will attract FDI to address the countryâ s development challenges, this study found out that, progress in policy environment (fiscal incentives, political stability, and good regulation) does not automatically lead …

The Trade Off Between Trade Liberalization And Protectionism: An Application To The Textiles And Clothing Industry In Egypt, Miriam Snefro Ahmos Iskander

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Risky Business: Corruption, Fraud, Terrorism, & Other Threats To Global Business, Stuart Poole-Robb, Alan Bailey

Brigham Young University International Law & Management Review

No abstract provided.