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Articles 331 - 360 of 1196
Full-Text Articles in Business Administration, Management, and Operations
From Learned To Learning: Why Addiction To Learning Is Vital To Renewing Competitive Advantage, Radhashyam Giridharadas
From Learned To Learning: Why Addiction To Learning Is Vital To Renewing Competitive Advantage, Radhashyam Giridharadas
Student Scholarship
Business strategists seek to create a sustainable competitive advantage so that their organizations thrive. Yet in industry after industry the corporate graveyards are lined with companies that once led an industry and were subsequently ousted by smaller, nimbler competitors or new entrants. The long list of failed organizations underscores the challenge to the notion of sustainability. Clearly competitive advantage is subject to constant erosion, and companies seeking a sustainable competitive advantage may be chasing an illusory goal. To thrive, companies must learn to adapt their skills, resources and experience and transform them into renewable competitive advantages that are commensurate with …
Globalized Medicine: Panacea Or Bitter Pill?, Dinesh Shah
Globalized Medicine: Panacea Or Bitter Pill?, Dinesh Shah
Student Scholarship
Global mindset and openness to change by upper echelon healthcare executives are positioned in this research proposal as prerequisites for competitive responses to a paradigmatic shift in the provision of healthcare worldwide. The proposal addresses a gap in the health care management literature evidenced by a deficit of empirical research pertaining to the relationships among global trade, health and health services and responds to a call for more, and more specific, cross-cultural studies that provide practical implications for international management. Motivated by prior research indicating the pivotal role of top manager's world views and attitudes on institutional responses to globalization, …
A Complexity Science Perspective On High Performance M&A Management Teams, Byron C. Clayton
A Complexity Science Perspective On High Performance M&A Management Teams, Byron C. Clayton
Student Scholarship
It has been well documented that over 50% of all mergers and acquisitions (M and A) fail. Despite a multitude of studies by M and A researchers, failure rates have not significantly changed for several decades. As such, the complex behavior of mergers, acquisitions, and their failure remains largely unexplained. Some researchers believe that the emerging field of complexity science may be the key to unlocking the secrets of M and A success. Complexity science, as applied to organizations, asserts that the simple interactions between managers can result in the complex behavior of the management team, specifically in its ability …
Exploring The Factors That Promote Individual Team Member Knowledge Sharing In Information Technology Related Projects Using An Appreciative Inquiry Versus Problem Deficit Inquiry Analysis, Frank C. Braun
Student Scholarship
The management of organizational knowlegde has become an increasingly important discipline. Knowledge management can be defined as doing what is needed to get the most out of knowledge resources. The origin of a firm's capabilities is enabled through the knowledge in the minds of its employees and integrated business partners. Today organizations rely on key managers and decision makers who individually or collectively possess a profound understanding of specific domains that influence the decision-making process and activities of the organization. This knowledge along with contextual experience allows them to act more quickly, accurately and decisively enabling them to achieve objectives …
Strategic Thinking For R&D Amidst Global Economic Change: Retain And Invest, Outsource....Or Reinvent?, Beth Fitz Gibbon
Strategic Thinking For R&D Amidst Global Economic Change: Retain And Invest, Outsource....Or Reinvent?, Beth Fitz Gibbon
Student Scholarship
This paper explores issues about firm sustainability in a time of rapid global change. As a strategist and product development practitioner, I need a better understanding of how those aspects of business intersect today. They are not frequently used in the same sentence; but I believe they come together in a firm’s research & development (R&D) process. Discovery reflects Peter Ducker’s, “what a company gets paid for” (1994: 96). That translates to the products and brand value bought by a firm’s customers. As an international practitioner, I also need to know more about the effects globalization has on how managers …
Key Considerations For Developing Electronic Medical Records Systems: Quantitative Research Study, Edward W. Wright
Key Considerations For Developing Electronic Medical Records Systems: Quantitative Research Study, Edward W. Wright
Student Scholarship
Despite promotion as a national objective, information technology remains relatively underutilized in US healthcare. Building upon an earlier qualitative study investigating the slow adoption of electronic medical records by family practice physicians, I conducted a survey of 368 family practice physician users and found that system ease of use was the only variable that had significant and substantive effects upon medical practice productivity, quality, and satisfaction. We discuss implications for EMR design and a national healthcare record network.
Accountability And Accreditation In The Nonprofit Sector: Examining The Louisiana Standards For Excellence Model, Lise Anne D. Slatten
Accountability And Accreditation In The Nonprofit Sector: Examining The Louisiana Standards For Excellence Model, Lise Anne D. Slatten
Student Scholarship
The nonprofit sector of our economy is a special class of entities with an expansive array of organizations and activities dedicated to the common good and well-being of others. Even though this sector has constructed creative and forward thinking initiatives, obstacles remain which interfere with their accomplishment of significant achievements. The struggle to maintain their respected position, unique character and role in society remains prevalent. In order to stay competitive, organizations are constantly assessing their current capacity to deliver needed services. Today, a number of umbrella associations of nonprofits have implemented assessment and certification programs intended to produce organizational improvement …
Women Directors: When Championing The "Tough Issues" At The Board, How And Why Do They Do It And Do They Do It Differently Than Men?, Nancy Mcinerney-Lacombe
Women Directors: When Championing The "Tough Issues" At The Board, How And Why Do They Do It And Do They Do It Differently Than Men?, Nancy Mcinerney-Lacombe
Student Scholarship
Boards of Directors are often criticized for being compliant or silent on critical issues. In the powerful yet collegial environment of the board, raising "tough issues" as proven to be a challenging task. This lack of action can result in ineffective decision-making and, in some cases like Enron, the demise of the firm (O'Connor, 2003). In view of the fact that management's expertise is valued (Baysinger, Kosnik and Turk, 1991), it takes tenacity to question management's judgments and recommendations (Janis, 1992; Sonnenfeld, 2002; Leblanc & Gillies, 2005). This is especially true if management is long tenured and powerful (Arthur, 2001). …
Distributed Sensemaking In Loosely Coupled Organizations, Sridhar Belavadi Seshadri
Distributed Sensemaking In Loosely Coupled Organizations, Sridhar Belavadi Seshadri
Student Scholarship
Academic Medical Centers\, despite their research and educational prowess\, are in a financial crisis. Increasing costs\, stiffer competition\, and anticipated tightening of budgets have created new levels of urgency and vibrancy among medical school deans and hospital CEOs about the need to increase the productivity of the clinical enterprise. To date\, most of these efforts have failed- this study attempts to understand why. The conceptual model sets up the relative advantage created by the organizational innovation and resulting organizational performance as the primary independent variable and dependent variables respectively. Organizational sensemaking among the sponsors\, designers\, and implementers of the change …
Choice, Gender, And Succession In The Family Business, Kathyann Kessler Overbeke
Choice, Gender, And Succession In The Family Business, Kathyann Kessler Overbeke
Student Scholarship
This paper proposes a research initiative to investigate the factors that may inhibit women from entering their family’s business in a managerial or decision making capacity. Based on a review of the literature\, very few women become successors in family firms. In 1994 only 2% of CEO’s in family businesses were female. Yet\, despite the abundance of literature on succession in family businesses\, few studies have examined the experience of daughters of family business owners. Some literature investigates the experience of daughters who have entered their family’s business\, but research on daughters who have not entered their family’s business is …
Distributed Sensemaking In Loosely Coupled Organizations, Sridhar Belavadi Seshadar
Distributed Sensemaking In Loosely Coupled Organizations, Sridhar Belavadi Seshadar
Student Scholarship
Academic Medical Centers, despite their research and educational prowess, are in a financial crisis. Increasing costs, stiffer competition, and anticipated tightening of budgets have created new levels of urgency and vibrancy among medical school deans and hospital CEOs about the need to increase the productivity of the clinical enterprise. To date, most of these efforts have failed- this study attempts to understand why. The conceptual model sets up the relative advantage created by the organizational innovation and resulting organizational performance as the primary independent variable and dependent variables respectively. Organizational sensemaking among the sponsors, designers, and implementers of the change …
Enhanced Business Reporting: A Reemergence Of 19th Century Gaap Policies, Chester H. Brearey
Enhanced Business Reporting: A Reemergence Of 19th Century Gaap Policies, Chester H. Brearey
Student Scholarship
Existing literature on financial reporting practices within the first wave of regulation- the Interstate Commerce Commission may have its historical roots in the work of Charles Francis Adams Jr., and his fellow Commissioners contained within the financial reporting requirements established through state regulation in the Annual Reports of the Board of Railroad Commissioners in The Commonwealth of Massachusetts 1870 - 1913. In addition, the regulatory environment and the scope of railway activities found within the afore-mentioned reports may throw light on the question of what forces converted the simply recording technology of the Italian merchants of the fourteenth and fifteenth …
In Search Of Bold And Wise Decision Making In Associations, Mark Engle
In Search Of Bold And Wise Decision Making In Associations, Mark Engle
Student Scholarship
What if we could encourage association leaders to make bold and wise decision? Board members of nonprofit societies have limited time to devote to strategic issues confronting their associations. It is essential that they use their limited time productively and remain focused on strategic decision making. Therefore, this study addresses how association leadership--both boards and CEOs--consider significant issues and make decisions. The purpose is to determine how boards and staff of professional societies (associations comprised of individual memberships whose primary purpose is to provide learning and knowledge for members of the profession they represent) navigate the decision-making process and make …
Association In Associations: Network Dynamics In Dermatology Research, Rebecca M. Minnillo
Association In Associations: Network Dynamics In Dermatology Research, Rebecca M. Minnillo
Student Scholarship
The work of scientists is heterogeneous-a series of interactions within networks composed of individuals from diverse fields and disciplines (Star & Griesemer, 1989). Generation of new knowledge is essential in the organizations in which these individuals associate; the bridge that holds them together. Knowledge generation takes place at both the individual and collective levels (Brown and Duguid, 1998). Professional organizations attract individuals because they provide a unique forum, a space in which they converge to pursue common goals. Actor-network Theory (ANT) is concerned with how heterogeneous networks and the associations that comprise them come into existence and operate to construct …
The Effect Of Operational Control And Experience On Joint Venture Performance, Arun K. Sharma
The Effect Of Operational Control And Experience On Joint Venture Performance, Arun K. Sharma
Student Scholarship
This study investigates the nature of control rights and experience among oil company competitors as they collaborate to develop mutually owned oil and gas development projects. Using fundamental pinciples derived from Transaction Cost Economics and Property Rights theories in conjunction with archival joint venture data, I attempt to empirically explain Joint Venture performance with respect to operational control. The typical oil-field Joint Venture governance model (the Joint Operating Agreement -- or JOA) is designed to minimize transaction costs and equitably distribute benefits in accordance with Transaction Cost Economics Theory Property Rights Theory, however, may more accurately descirbe JOA partner behavior …
Sales Sense: Improving Communication Through A Network Of Frames, Stuart R. Strolin
Sales Sense: Improving Communication Through A Network Of Frames, Stuart R. Strolin
Student Scholarship
Why, when one business unit is successfully using an IT product, will another business unit reject or block its deployment when they have the same or similar business needs? Sales practitioners involved in making sense of these situations, centered on the assimilation of complex software innovations, lack the descriptive tools and language for methodically formulating approaches to overcome such obstacles. Insights have been offered by theories such as Diffusion of Innovation (Rogers, 1995), Technological Frames (Orlikowski & Gash, 1994), and Actor-Network Theory (Callon & Latour, 1981; Law, 1987). Various authors (Fichman, 1992; Lamb, 2003; Letch & Perth, 2001; Silver, Markus, …
Exploring Constructive Career Transition: The Roles Of Dispositional Optimism, Cognitive Behavioral Hope, Emotion Regulation And Social Resources, Kathryn V. Kaminsky
Exploring Constructive Career Transition: The Roles Of Dispositional Optimism, Cognitive Behavioral Hope, Emotion Regulation And Social Resources, Kathryn V. Kaminsky
Student Scholarship
This quantitative study explores constructive career transition among mid-career individuals. The study's primary focus is the exploration of the intrinsic individual attributes of dispositional optimism, cognitive behavioral hope, the cognitive reappraisal dimension of emotion regulation and their predictive relationships to career satisfaction as an outcome variable. Secondarily, the study posits a mediation effect of the more contextual variable of social resources utilized for instrumental reasons in the achievement of career satisfaction. Primary findings of this research include support for the predictive relationships of dispositional optimism and cognitive behavioral hope to achieving career satisfaction in the career transition respondents sampled. The …
College And University Endowment Diversification: An Extension Of Institutional Theory, Mary (Mimi) E. Lord
College And University Endowment Diversification: An Extension Of Institutional Theory, Mary (Mimi) E. Lord
Student Scholarship
Today’s college and university endowments look dramatically different than they did 25 years ago. The quest for greater investment returns has been accompanied by an explosion in the number of asset classes in endowment portfolios\, particularly among large endowments. According to Modern Portfolio Theory\, greater diversification of holdings can help to improve the return/risk profile of a portfolio either by: a) enabling greater returns without adding to risk; or b) lowering risk without lowering returns. Transformation toward greater diversification has resembled to some extent the diffusion process described in institutional theory\, where new practices are initiated by large\, prestigious organizations …
Measuring Human Capital In High-Tech Defense Companies, Alexander Eksir
Measuring Human Capital In High-Tech Defense Companies, Alexander Eksir
Student Scholarship
Within the hightech defense industry, product reliability results are delivered through the integration of technology solutions and process innovation. This is entirely a result of the ways that people in defense corporations and government agencies develop and use their talent. However, due to the increased average age of defense industry employees and the bimodal distribution characteristics of most technical companies, sustainability of performance is currently at risk. A robust and meaningful way to measure human capital and its contribution to the corporation's net worth is essential to enabling analysis, discussion and appropriate investment. Unfortunately, literature dedicated to human resource accounting …
Employee Level Dynamics Within A Merger Or Acquisition. The "Me-I" Theory Of Organization Consolidations; Avoiding Merger-Encouraged-Individualism, Todd Creasy
Student Scholarship
With the employee as the unit of analysis while studying mergers and acquisitions, our results suggested for merger consolidations, perceived organization support (POS) and identification with the new merged organization partially mediated the relationship between procedural justice and job satisfaction. Identity with the new organization fully mediated the relationship between cultural discontinuity and job satisfaction. For acquisition consolidations, we suggest identification with the new organization partially mediated the relationship between procedural justice and organization citizenship behavior (OCB). Further, POS fully mediated the relationships between procedural justice and job satisfaction and between trust in management and job satisfaction. Lastly, identification with …
Sales Opportunity Crafting: Explaining Diverse Selling Approaches, Ganesh Kumar
Sales Opportunity Crafting: Explaining Diverse Selling Approaches, Ganesh Kumar
Student Scholarship
Salespeople play a critical boundary-spanning role in establishing productive relationships with their buyers. In doing so, they employ diverse selling approaches that resulting in a wide range of customer experiences—some that align well with the overall marketing strategies and some that conflict with the intent of the organization. Several theoretical explanations for the variations in selling approaches, but no singular theory provide us a lens to understand how salespeople approach various selling opportunities. The primary goal of this inquiry is to compile the extant theoretical knowledge from various disciplines in order to develop a conceptual framework for future empirical research …
Peer Influence On Moral Choice Among College Student Athletes, Mary-Beth A. Cooper
Peer Influence On Moral Choice Among College Student Athletes, Mary-Beth A. Cooper
Student Scholarship
Since the inception of sport, much has been written about the behavior of athletes on and off the field of play. Some suggest that the culture of athletics and the very nature of competition promote aggressiveness, performance-related stress, and increased social pressure on student athletes. It is the intent of this research to explore what influences college athlete behavior. Specifically this researcher will focus on peer influence as a factor in impacting athletes' decisions regarding moral choice. Parson's conceptualization of influence introduces the idea of vulnerability to influence. Suggesting that influence varies by the perceived trustworthiness of the source of …
Where Have All The Children Gone?: Young Adult Commitment In Chinese Protestant Churches In United States, Cecilia C. Chan
Where Have All The Children Gone?: Young Adult Commitment In Chinese Protestant Churches In United States, Cecilia C. Chan
Student Scholarship
Many Chinese Protestant churches in North America (hereafter referred to as Chinese churches) have noted a severe membership reduction due to the exiting of second generation Asian Americans, i.e. American raised Chinese (ARC) and American born Chinese (ABC). Lee coins this phenomenon as “the Silent Exodus” (p. 588). This research proposal investigates why the “Silent Exodus” group of 25-35 year-old young adults return to Chinese churches after a hiatus usually caused by relocation to attend college. The purpose of the study is to examine the young adult group’s motives for re-entering and staying with the church and to examine the …
Where Was The Board? A "Moves"-Based Approach To Improving Npo Accountability, Frederick O. Udochi
Where Was The Board? A "Moves"-Based Approach To Improving Npo Accountability, Frederick O. Udochi
Student Scholarship
Strong arguments have been made that traditional definitions of accountability – financial health, internal controls and regulatory compliance – do not fully capture an organization’s performance (Ospina et al, 2002; Behn, 2001; Kearns, 1996). Failures evidenced by multiple breakdowns of accountability in nonprofit organizations have resulted in calls for boards to pursue a broadened level of accountability. There is little or no corresponding guidance in the literature to show how that could be accomplished. This research paper proposes to explore the “how” by adopting the notion of “moves” (Pentland, 1992), which are the verbal and/or nonverbal actions, routines or accomplishments …
Developing Expanded Conceptions Of Governance In Community Foundations, Michael Wolfe
Developing Expanded Conceptions Of Governance In Community Foundations, Michael Wolfe
Student Scholarship
Community foundations administer over $44 billion and distribute $3.5 billion annually to improve the quality of life throughout the United States. In 2000, a series of "National Standards for U.S. Community Foundations" was developed. Are changes currently promoted by the field of community foundations truly propelling community foundations to a more advanced role? Present research posits the value to community foundations of engaged proactive behavior by the board of directors and CEO. By examining the developmental responses of boards during times of institutional pressure, we can inform research and practice that seeks to improve nonprofit governance.
Managing The Transition From Staff Nurse To Nurse Manager--Change In Clinical Nurse Identity, Pamela C. Hudson
Managing The Transition From Staff Nurse To Nurse Manager--Change In Clinical Nurse Identity, Pamela C. Hudson
Student Scholarship
The career progression from staff nurse to nurse manager is a common promotional pathway. Yet, seldom are staff nurses who are promoted to managers prepared, either practically or psychologically, for the new role. This quantitative study tests data from 100 Nurse Managers using the Theory of Planned Behavior in combination with Maternal Role Attainment Theory as the theoretical framework for the study. The purpose of this descriptive study is to better understand the staff nurse to nurse manager transition process from the perspective of nurse managers themselves and to discover key barriers to, and enablers of, professional success. The findings …
Disconnected: A Study Of Mobile Telephone Rejection, Nina Aversano
Disconnected: A Study Of Mobile Telephone Rejection, Nina Aversano
Student Scholarship
If rejection was the simple inverse of adoption, we would expect people to reject mobile telephony based on negative evaluations of usefulness and ease of use, dominant constructs in technology acceptance models. This research suggests, however, that the reasons for mobile phone rejection transcend those traditionally explained in the vast literature focused on adoption. Using an information systems-communications technology innovation diffusion framework, this study proposes a causal model of mobile telephony rejection that is tested against data collected from a survey of 1585 respondents. Logistic regression modeling was used to test the significance and independence of associations of relevant factors …
Entrepreneurial Social Sector Organizations: Factors That Facilitate Growth And Performance, David A. Sherman
Entrepreneurial Social Sector Organizations: Factors That Facilitate Growth And Performance, David A. Sherman
Student Scholarship
Survey data from 228 entrepreneurial social sector organizations was used to examine the factors that facilitate growth and organizational performance in the social sector. The study was designed to address the following core question: How are some entrepreneurial social sector organizations better able to grow and perform than others despite environmental challenges such as resource scarcity? Hypotheses were developed using resource-based theory, resource dependence theory, network theories, and goal theory. Structural equation modeling was used to test these hypotheses. The study adds to our understanding of the organization-level drivers of growth and organizational performance in the social sector. It introduces …
How Do Leaders' Values Influence Employees' Commitment To Their Organizations? A Qualitative Study, Barbara Clemenson
How Do Leaders' Values Influence Employees' Commitment To Their Organizations? A Qualitative Study, Barbara Clemenson
Student Scholarship
In the worlds of both practice and scholarship, people are focusing on the importance of leaders' values and authentic actions to the ethical operations of their organizations. At the same time, enterprises are struggling to attract and retain talented employees. Our qualitative research analyzed the values of leaders in seven different organizations--for profit, nonprofit, and public institutions--and compared their self-proclaimed values with their employees' perceptions of them and of their values. We focused specifically on leaders' values concerning their followers, and examined the impact that leaders' value content and integrity had on employees' commitment to their establishment, and to their …
Use Of Interpretive Schemes And Successful Adaptation: The Case Of Chinese Protestant Immigrant Churches In North America, Siu-Hang P. Chan
Use Of Interpretive Schemes And Successful Adaptation: The Case Of Chinese Protestant Immigrant Churches In North America, Siu-Hang P. Chan
Student Scholarship
How religious congregations adapt to change determines whether they will continue to thrive (Ammerman, 1997). Chinese immigrant religious organizations in America face a built-in clash between overseas-born and American-born generations that is usually visible in their religious congregations (Ling & Cheuk, 1999). This study identifies interpretive schemes (Bartunek, 1984) used by Chinese congregations that help ease the generational transition and lead to or hinder successful adaptation.