Business Commons^™

Fiscal Decentralization And The Impact Of Disbursing Value Added Tax Income To Local Self- Government Units In The Republic Of North Macedonia, Farije Aliu, Driton Mehmeti

UBT International Conference

Decentralized systems give priority to the role of citizens in the government decision-making process, which through various forms, provide better services. This phenomenon motivates policies in the social system, in order to promote democracy, transparency and accountability. With the signing and ratification of the European Charter of Local Self-Government, as well as the signing of the Ohrid Framework Agreement in 2001, the Republic of Northern Macedonia is obliged to amend the Constitution and in accordance with the Constitution to form a legal framework for the decentralization system, which will allow different roles and responsibilities at all levels of government. For …

The Role Of Personalized Marketing In Business- Customer Relationships, Mirjeta Domniku, Lebeat Mustafa, Ejona Bajraktari

UBT International Conference

The idea of personalized marketing lies in creating a unique customer experience and delivering products / services / messages that are relevant to it. The need for it came as every day more and more customers are being targeted by a large number of ads and this has already created so much annoyance for people that they are now trying to avoid them. Modern data sources today are considered to be data collected from smartphones and social networks. Seeing this dilemma what we have tried to understand through this research is whether customers want their shopping experience to be more …

Financial Statement Analysis: Case Study Of Kamila Llc (2016-2018), Fidane Spahija Gjikolli, Hana Gjurgji

UBT International Conference

The main source of information for financial analysis is the financial statements. Analyzing financial statements helps in making the best decisions possible by maximizing profit and minimizing costs. This paper analyzes the income statement and balance sheet for the manufacturing company Kamila in Kosovo. A wide variety of techniques can be used to assess the financial viability of an organization. In this paper are included the methodologies of horizontal analysis, vertical analysis and report analysis for three years, respectively for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018. Through the above and comparative analysis over the years, we reach a conclusion by …

The Relationship Between Government Debt And Economic Growth In North Macedonia, Amir Imeri, Gresa Mjaku

UBT International Conference

This paper empirically investigates the long run relation between domestic and external general government debt and economic growth in North Macedonia. We analyze how the government debt at a certain point in time is correlated with the GDP growth rate. The study employs a regression model as well as ANOVA test in order to investigate the causal relationship between government debt and GDP growth rate using annual data for the time period 2005 – 2019. We find strong evidence for a significantly positive relation between domestic general government debt and growth and negative relation between external general government debt and …

B2b Or B2c, This Is The Question: A Case Study Over Implementation Of B2b And B2c Models In The Same Sector And A Cross-Company E-Business Model Evaluation, Besim Abdullai, Bashkim Nuredini

UBT International Conference

E-commerce as an interdisciplinary field was interpreted in literature in two major aspects: technological and managerial. In this paper we are going to closely investigate and analyse both of the mentioned aspects of e-commerce business models. There is no plausible conclusion among scholars toward proclaiming one of the models better than the other, since it depends on many other business environment factors and business functions. In our case study, we face two major players in the industry of fixing solutions and technologies. Based on swot analysis we explain different aspects of the B2B model implemented from the company Fischer Group, …

International Economic Factors And Crises, Mirjeta Domniku, Lorik Elezkurtaj

UBT International Conference

Economics is a topic that initially does not arouse curiosity, in appearance it is a profession which seems very routine, in fact with this paper we will try to prove the opposite, so economics is a topic that grips itself with its magic, it is like nature itself because things happen in it even when we do not pay attention. Economic fluctuations also create social fluctuations which lead to potentially dangerous periods of instability, as a result of which we must analyze each crisis with the utmost care in order to prevent it in the future. After reviewing the literature …

Covid-19 And Its Impact On Accounting Implications And Financial Reporting: Kosovo Perspective, Enis Abdurrahmani

UBT International Conference

The world today is facing the worst economic crisis since the 2008 financial crisis. So far, all efforts and measures on how to manage this crisis have been insufficient. Today, almost every government in the world has a plan for "economic recovery." The government of Kosovo also has such a plan, although today there are many doubts that this is the right plan to save the economy in country. Purpose of this research is to discuss the impact of the pandemic on accounting implications and financial reporting from the perspective of Kosovo. The research was based on a questionnaire structured …

Operational And Statistical Management In Relation To Determination Of Aerodinamic Resistance On Mining Lines, Shaqir Elezaj

UBT International Conference

When we talk about the mining works, which are in such a function, so that air currents pass through such aerodynamic lines, then we are dealing with the need to calculate the aerodynamic resistances in such aeration networks. Ventilation systems, in the broadest practical and technical sense, are nothing but a reflection of the aeration plans of the mine as a whole or of its individual parts in an appropriate schematic manner, which includes only those specific works through which it circulates. air, while other works are excluded. The ventilation network does not fully comply with the mining plans, because …

The Role Of Human Resource Competencies In Private Businesses In Kosovo, Mersiha Kačamaković

UBT International Conference

In today’s economy issues around human resource development are fundamental. Each organization made every effort to recruit knowledgeable people into its ranks. To achieve this, organizations must increase the efficiency and, first of all, the efficiency of knowledge governance. But this knowledge people must acquire, develop and use. Competence in every field has become important in all aspects, because the labor market has become a market of competencies. Competence is a characteristic or feature of an individual, which ensures a high level of quality of work offered by him. Aptitude or competence is the ability to accomplish a task. Effective …

The Role Of Risk Management Departments In Banking Institutions, Enver Daci

UBT International Conference

The topic of risk and risk management is a topic where the interest of academics, field professionals but also ordinary people has increased enormously. When this topic is dealt with in the banking system, the dominant element in the overall financial system of a country, then the interest rate is even higher, especially after the global financial crisis. In the case of the banking system, credit risk is one of the main risks to which the system is exposed. Over the last decades, loans have occupied the main weight among the assets of the banking system. Moreover, in recent years, …

The Impact Of Digital Technologies On Business Internationalization Process, Ylber Limani, Zana Bashota Broja

UBT International Conference

This paper discusses and analyses the impact of digital technology on business internationalization with focus on a case study of a developing country. There is evidence showing digital technology contributed on the development and advancement of the competitive international market. Accordingly, many companies are considering the change adopts the business model. Businesses lean towards believing that the use of digital technology enables them building the better relationship with customers and suppliers, improving their business process, and in some cases even simulating them in restructuring the entire business industry. In well-established businesses, technology has become the basis of every work in …

Specifications Of Small Business Management In Serbia, Flutra Jahiu

UBT International Conference

The struggle to maintain competition in today's business world is increasingly challenging. This is due to the great dynamics of changes in the market. Maintaining competition in small businesses is even more challenging, because they are significantly more in number, while in capacities significantly less compared to medium and large enterprises. But still small businesses with all the problems they face manage to ensure sustainable business. Adequate business management also plays an important role in the success of a business among various factors, respectively implementation of adequate specifics in business management. Small business managers who are also their owners are …

Reward Management Of Employees In The Banking Sector, Enver Daci, Lirim Lani

UBT International Conference

A reward system is like the biggest management principle in the world. Organizations around the world, the rural banking industry are no exception, use some form of reward system; whether it is open or not, it exists. The belief that: "Reward behavior is repeated" is a statement, which is generally accepted. Rewards are therefore tools of operational control used to link employee goals. To be able to touch employees who use rewards reward must be perceived as meaningful and meaningful. Rewards are described in two different types; it can be in the form of motivational motivation (internal) or personal motivation …

Digital Marketing Trends, Naim Preniqi, Kaltrina Sylaj, Elinda Krasniqi

UBT International Conference

Regardless of the industry companies may be operating, the digital marketing trends continues to grow rapidly. Adoption of digital marketing tools has never been easy for the businesses in terms of content, audience target, design aspects and streaming videos, sponsoring etc. Selecting the approriate digital landscape that meet the bussiness needs continues to be a challange as variety of diffrent platforms are evolved and audience switches plateform use, the businesses are forced to adopt new platforms and maintain existing once. Traditional static webpage alone no longer meets the new business needs therefore digital interactive social networks are booming and have …

Qualitative Impact Assessment Of A Conditional Cash Transfer Program In A Central Philippine Community, Abgel L. Lalamonan, Sheena Mae T. Comighud

UBT International Conference

This study utilizes the narratives of beneficiaries in the evaluation of a conditional cash transfer program. Guided by the theory that narratives bridges the objectives of the program and its impact, these narratives contain the themes describing both ends. Moreover, most of the participatory assessments did not utilize beneficiaries’ narratives in the evaluation process. The utilization of narratives was done through the participatory approach. This study demonstrates that assessment of projects through narratives is feasible. It is found out that beneficiaries adopt an eclectic stance in their participation and acceptance of activities implemented by the program.

A Nation’S Mission Of Housing And Consumption: An Analysis Of Household Budget Survey Expenditures In Kosovo, Florin Aliu, Isa Mulaj

UBT International Conference

In digital and artificial intelligence intensification era where up to 2/3 of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is generated from the service sector, nearly ¾ of household budget is spent by the Kosovo families in food and accomodation. This is a larger and greater share than in the neighboring countries to which Kosovo approximately has the same level of incomes per capita. At the same time, for some years in a row, spending for education until the recent available data has not exceded 1%, showing another difference with the neighbring countries in volume as well as in total share of household …

Evaluation Of Students’ Feedbacks On Online Education During Covid-19, Aferina Skeja, Nora Sadiku Dushi

UBT International Conference

Covid-19 started affecting the whole world enormously within a few weeks and is continuing to do so. The primary action taken in order to limit the spread of the virus is social isolation. This process has caused difficulties in all areas, especially in education. Universities were obliged to switch to online education as all institutions closed down without stating an expected opening date. Online education has started to become the new normal in academia, but this new normal may be imposing difficulty to some. Compulsory online education during the pandemic is perceived in different ways by students. In this study …

Hot Spots Or Balanced Score Cards?, Besnik Skenderi, Diamanta Skenderi

UBT International Conference

Executives are spending time and effort to create working culture where employees are willing to cooperate and cooperation should be in a line with corporate mission, vision and within corporate strategy. In addition according to Gratton, (2007), “This willingness to cooperate was crucial to the second element, the capacity of people to work with others outside their boundaries” (p. 8). When employees are willing to cooperate and to contribute beyond their administrative boundaries they are triggering problem solving and innovation. Academic literature, offers two approaches for increasing productivity and cooperation within teams and team members. Gratton (2007) discusses Hot Spots …

Artificial Intelligence And Big Data Challenges In Smart Cities, Arbër Perçuku

UBT International Conference

Smart city combines technologies with information to facilitate and improve daily life of citizens on different areas like transport, healthcare, education, environment impact, energy save and other. Big Data as technology to collect, store and analyze massive amounts of data, and Artificial Intelligence to extract the values from those data, have received a lot of attention recently. The aim of this paper is to discuss and highlight the challenges that engineers, scientists and other stakeholders can face practically in the development of smart city, and to enhance the integration of both Big Data and Artificial Intelligence.

The Complexity Issues Of Enterprise Digitalization And The Organisational Challenges Of Operations: The Case Of Kosova, Ylber Limani, Edmond Hajrizi, Larry Stapleton

UBT International Conference

One of the main challenges to business digital transformation is lack of agile approach to the operations digitalization requirements. This problem can be translated on three main related hypothetical issues: business inability to change various things in a short period of time, lack of straightforward strategic line commitment, and failure to take iterative organisational fast approach towards simplification of technology complexity. This research aims to address the potential causes of organizational inflexibility, strategic issues, and the mode of response to the complex requirements of digitalization process. The target population is composed of Kosovar enterprises with a definite sample. Qualitative research …

Purchasing Behavior During Covid-19. Will It Be A “New Normal”?, Nora Sadiku Dushi, Aferina Skeja

UBT International Conference

At the beginning of the year, the world started facing a new disease called COVID-19 caused by the novel coronavirus. To control it's fast and uncontrolled spread, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared this new illness as a global pandemic. Panic buying, empty supermarket shelves, and stockpiling were a usual picture all around the globe. The new reality caused a transformation in everyone's life by changing the way people work, learn, live, think, and buy. There is no doubt that also consumer behavior has changed during this time. The purpose of this research is to study consumer purchasing behavior during …

Pandemic And Economic Crisis In Society, Plamen Iliev

UBT International Conference

We still don't know how badly the current crisis will hit the economy. But despite or precisely because of the looming severe recession and economic crisis, fragmented and divided societies until yesterday can heal thanks to a hitherto unexpected injection - solidarity. The global scale of the health crisis and its economic epicenter in EU and euro area countries is creating additional external pressure on disrupted global supply chains. Economic uncertainty caused by the uncertainties surrounding the development and duration of the pandemic and rising unemployment are prerequisites for shrinking domestic consumption, mainly to basic necessities, which is reflected in …

An Investigation Of The Effects Of Digital Technologies On Business Processes: The Case Study Of Banking Sector, Ylber Limani, Teuta Gazideda

UBT International Conference

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and discuss the importance of Digital Technology in Banking business processes. There is a valuable evidence in the literature and within the banking business practices showing the processes of digitalization in the banking system is getting more frequent. In this regard, this research observes the implementation of digital technology in banking business processes and their role on the development of the distribution network through financial institutions. The digital technology implementation within the banking industry is assumed to have faced difficulties when comes to prove the overall bank productivity and cost reduction. The …

Making Vending Machines Smarter With The Use Of Machine Learning And Artificial Intelligence: Set-Up And Architecture, Dashmir Istrefi, Eftim Zdravevski

UBT International Conference

Machine Learning and Robust Optimization techniques can significantly improve logistics operations and improve stock quantity and maintenance intervals. Machine Learning will be used to forecast item demands for each of the vending machines, taking into account past demands and calendar effects. By performing such predictions which are forwarded to a Robust Optimization model, and whose outputs will be the cash transport that each vending machine should require. These transports guarantee that demand is fulfilled up to the desired confidence level, preventing downtime of vending machines due to unplanned maintenance and out-of-stock situations, while also satisfying additional constraints arising in this …

9th International Conference On Business, Technology And Innovation 2020, University For Business And Technology - Ubt

UBT International Conference

Welcome to IC – UBT 2020

UBT Annual International Conference is the 9th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make …

International Conference Management, Business And Economics, University For Business And Technology - Ubt

UBT International Conference

UBT Annual International Conference is the 9th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent …

Menaxhimi Financiar Dhe Performanca E Bizneseve Të Vogla, Adriana Bunjaku

Theses and Dissertations

Pas një pune të gjatë duke trajtuar materialet e ndryshme qoftë nga burimet sekondare qoftë nga burimet primare, mund tё nxirren konkluzione konkrete lidhur me menaxhimin financiar dhe performanca e bizneseve të vogla. Teza e bachelorit është konkretizuar në formë të projektit të rëndësishëm kërkimor, me titullin në vijim: “Menaxhimi financiar dhe performanca e bizneseve të vogla”. Ky punim i qaset hulumtimit të një problematike komplekse siç është përcaktimi financimit tek bizneset e vogla. Në këtë hulumtim është përdorur metoda deduktive si metodë e këtij hulumtimi. Gjithashtu hulumtimi fillon me pjesën teorike ku përfshihen teoritë e ndryshme të menaxhimit financiar …

Kosova Si Interes Strategjik I Unionit Evropian Në Aspektin E Ndërmarrësisë, Erza Ostrogllava

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Ndikimi I Faktorëve Personal Dhe Psikologjik Në Sjelljen E Konsumatorëve, Fatjona Zeqiraj

Theses and Dissertations

Çdo individ posedon vlera dhe norma morale që e dallojnë atë nga individët e tjerë. Gjithashtu individët dallojnë me njëri-tjetrin edhe sa i takon karakterit dhe tipit të personalitetit. Andaj nga e gjithë kjo, mund që të thuhet se individë të ndryshëm kanë një sjellje të ndryshme sa i takon konsumimit të mallrave dhe shërbimeve.

Motivimi, perceptimi, qëndrimi dhe besimet e një individi konsiderohen si faktorë psikologjik. Faktorë të tjerë si niveli i të ardhurave, personaliteti, profesioni dhe mënyra e jetesës kategorizohen si faktorë personal.

Faktorët psikologjik janë të lidhur ngusht me emocionet. Janë faktorë të cilët shtyjnë dhe konsiderohen …

Roli Dhe Ndikimi I Produkteve Vendore Në Tregun E Shitjes Rast Studimi Kompania “Liri” Prizren, Qendresa Stajki

Theses and Dissertations

Ky punim përfshin përkufizimin duke i dhënë një kuptim të plotë termit “Shitje”. Ky punim paraqet në mënyrë sa më të detajuar konceptet dhe llojet e shitjeve, ciklin e shitjeve mënyrën se si duhet te shesim produkt, çfarë i bënë shitësit e suksesshëm, përfshin pjesën e marketingut, promovimin e produktit, rolin e marketingut në biznes, këshilla për reklamimin e biznesit, rolet dhe përgjegjësitë e një menaxheri të shitjeve, prodhimi dhe vështirësitë e tij tek Fabrika LIRI, top 3 produktet. Për studimin janë përdorur edhe pyetje kërkimore që fokusohen ne produktet e fabrikës Liri. Për të arritur sukses në ekonomi punët …