Business Commons^™

Assessing Impact Of Urban Densification On Outdoor Microclimate And Thermal Comfort Using Envi-Met Simulations For Combined Spatial-Climatic Design (Cscd) Approach, Shreya Banerjee, Rachel X.Y. Pek, Sin Kang Yik, Graces N. Ching, Xiang Tian Ho, Dzyuban Yuliya, Peter J. Crank, Juan A. Acero, Winston T. L. Chow

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Future urban planning requires context-specific integration of spatial design and microclimate especially for tropical cities with extreme weather conditions. Thus, we propose a Combined Spatial-Climatic Design approach to assess impact of urban densification on annual outdoor thermal comfort performance employing ENVI-met simulations for Singapore. We first consider building bylaws and residential site guidelines to develop eight urban-density site options for a target population range. We further classify annual weather data into seven weather-types and use them as boundary conditions for the simulations. Comparing such fifty-six combined spatial-climatic simulation outputs by analyzing Outdoor Thermal Comfort Autonomy, we report the influence of …

Dappscan: Building Large-Scale Datasets For Smart Contract Weaknesses In Dapp Projects, Zibin Zheng, Jianzhong Su, Jiachi Chen, David Lo, Zhijie Zhong, Mingxi Ye

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The Smart Contract Weakness Classification Registry (SWC Registry) is a widely recognized list of smart contract weaknesses specific to the Ethereum platform. Despite the SWC Registry not being updated with new entries since 2020, the sustained development of smart contract analysis tools for detecting SWC-listed weaknesses highlights their ongoing significance in the field. However, evaluating these tools has proven challenging due to the absence of a large, unbiased, real-world dataset. To address this problem, we aim to build a large-scale SWC weakness dataset from real-world DApp projects. We recruited 22 participants and spent 44 person-months analyzing 1,199 open-source audit reports …

The Next 'Deep' Thing In X To Z Marketing: An Artificial Intelligence Driven Approach, Vincent Charles, Nripendra Rana, Ilias O. Pappas, Morten Kamphaug, Keng Siau, Kenth Engo-Monsen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The existing body of literature indicates a growing interest in research pertaining to the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on marketing strategies, processes, and practices. However, further studies are required to fully unravel its complete potential and the implications it holds for practical application. The aim of this special issue on “The Next ‘Deep’ Thing in X to Z Marketing: An Artificial Intelligence-Driven Approach” is to explore the next frontiers and delve into the various facets of AI-driven marketing, shedding light on cutting-edge research and practical insights that can shape the future of the field. It also focuses on novel …

Horizontal Concentration And Vertical Concentration In Capitalist Agriculture: Re-Interpreting Marx And Chayanov, Qian Forrest Zhang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

How capitalism transforms peasant farming is a central question in agrarian studies. The two most important theoretical perspectives on this question—Marxist and Chayanovian theories—both have limitations. The former overlooked how commercial capital can transform smallholders’ production through vertical integration and extract surplus from smallholders through commodity relations; the latter neglected how labor commodification transforms smallholders’ family economic behaviors. These two theories, however, complement each other on these two fronts. Through critically re-interpreting Marxist and Chayanovian theories, this paper offers a synthesis that integrates the two perspectives into a coherent theoretical framework and proposes that capitalist agriculture expands through both “horizontal …

Digital Transformation: Two Sides Of A Coin, Tze K Koh

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

It is of paramount importance to examine the intersection of digital transformation and sustainability. At the same time, there is a growing imbalance between digitalisation within the workforce and the pace at which sustainability awareness is picking up. Addressing this gap is crucial.

On-Site Sensory Experience Boosts Acceptance Of Cultivated Chicken, Mark Chong, Angela K. Y. Leung, Tricia Marjorie Fernandez

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study set out to assess if presenting cultivated chicken in the context of a familiar meal, in a familiar dining setting, would motivate repeat consumption and recommendation. A survey of 107 diners was conducted at Huber's Butchery and Bistro in Singapore – the world's first butchery to serve cultivated meat – from April to June 2023. The findings showed that eating cultivated chicken significantly boosted post-consumption acceptance levels. In addition, cultivated chicken's tastiness may be a more important factor than its integration into a familiar meal or dish in fostering repeat consumption. Implications for the cultivated meat industry, limitations, …

Nonstandard Errors, Albert J. Menkeld, Shihao Yu, Et Al.

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Duplicate record, see https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/lkcsb_research/7633/. In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty - nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by …

Autonomous Stores: How Levels Of In-Store Automation Affect Store Patronage, Sabine Benoit, Birgit Altrichter, Dhruv Grewal, Carl-Philip Ahlbom

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Autonomous stores operate without needing on -site staff present to support and monitor customers. This study seeks to determine which autonomous stores are most likely to succeed. By adapting convenience theory and drawing on secondary and qualitative data, the authors identify unique features of autonomous stores that constitute convenience dimensions: options for check -in (access convenience), staff support (assistance convenience), check -out (transaction convenience), and to allow customers to check their itemized baskets (verification convenience). Perceptions of convenience, autonomy, and safety explain the influences of unique store features. A conjoint experiment provides a test of the direct effects of each …

Ai Competency Acquisition Online? Engaging Undergraduate Students In An Ai 101 Course Through A Chatbot Workshop, Thomas Menkhoff, Lydia Teo

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In recent years, digital transformation has dominated industries at an unprecedented rate. Alongside the proliferation of Artificial ntelligence (AI) technologies in the workplace, institutions of higher learning are experiencing an unprecedented push to integrate AI into the education ecosystem (Popenici & Kerr, 2017; Renz & Hilbig, 2020). AI in education (AIED) has the propensity to enrich teaching and learning in higher education by personalising students’ learning courses, automating assessment tasks, or providing24/7 access to learning resources (Karandish, 2021). According to estimates by the AI Market in the US Education Report, the AIEDmarket will grow at a CAGR of 47.77% during …

When Do Corporate Good Deeds Become A Burden? The Role Of Corporate Social Responsibility Following Negative Events, Changhyun Kim, Yoonseok Zang, Heli Wang, Kate Niu

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This study investigates the differential roles of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the context of negative events. By categorizing CSR and negative events by their respective stakeholder groups, primary and secondary stakeholders, we theorize and test differential impacts of CSR and their interaction effects with different types of negative events. We propose that, while CSR toward secondary stakeholders offers the monotonous risk-tempering effect, CSR toward primary stakeholders has heterogeneous effects when facing negative events. Specifically, the effect of CSR toward primary stakeholders varies with the type of negative events. When negative events are associated with secondary stakeholders in the domain …

Implicit Commitments To Workplace Environment And Corporate Information Production: Evidence From Indoor Environment Quality, Summer Rui Huang, Leonard Leye Li, Louise Yi Lu, Rencheng Wang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This study investigates the effect of a firm’s indoor environment quality (IEQ) on its information production. Leveraging a third-party sustainability building rating system that provides IEQ scores for office buildings, we first show that employees in a firm’s headquarters with better IEQ scores are more likely to leave positive building-related feedback on Glassdoor, indicating employees’ recognition and appreciation of a workplace with superior IEQ. Next, we find robust evidence that firms headquartered in buildings with better IEQ issue more frequent and more accurate management forecasts. Furthermore, we show that a firm’s commitment to better IEQ (1) enhances occupational wellbeing of …

The Effect Of Pcaob Inspections On Corporate Innovation: Evidence From Deficiencies About The Valuation Of Intangibles, Jungbae Kim

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

I examine the economic consequences on corporate innovation when PCAOB inspections cite auditors for insufficient procedures in auditing the valuation of intangibles. I find that the clients of deficient auditors recognize larger and timelier impairments of intangibles, suggesting that affected auditors increase scrutiny about the valuation of intangibles in subsequent audits. This effect obtains only for valuation-related deficiencies and is salient for the clients of auditors who receive such deficiencies repeatedly. I also document real effects that the clients of deficient auditors exhibit less use of external mergers and acquisitions—which yield recognizable intangibles whose valuation is subject to increased auditor …

Leader-Expressed Humility: Development And Validation Of Scales Based On A Comprehensive Conceptualization, Kraivin Chintakananda, James M. Diefendorff, Burak Oc, Michael A. Daniels, Gary J. Greguras, Michael R. Bashshur

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We introduce new leader humility scales capturing a theoretically rich conceptualization of leader-expressed humility aligned with traditional and ethically-grounded philosophies. These scales draw from recent inductive research (Oc et al., 2015) identifying nine dimensions of leader-expressed humility: (1) having an accurate view of self, (2) recognizing follower strengths and achievements, (3) modeling teachability and being correctable, (4) leading by example, (5) showing modesty, (6) working together for the collective good, (7) empathy and approachability, (8) showing mutual respect and fairness, and (9) mentoring and coaching. The first three dimensions overlap with the most prominent conceptualization of leader-expressed humility in the …

Job Insecurity And Well-Being: Integrating Life History And Transactional Stress Theories, Nina Sirola

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The current research proposes and tests a novel model explaining how job insecurity shapes well-being and has consequences for stratification and inequality. I draw on evolutionary life history theory, which proposes that growing up in a poorer versus wealthier environment impacts the sense of control people feel when exposed to threat in adulthood. I integrate this perspective with transactional stress theory to propose that job insecurity has a disproportionately negative effect on employees from poorer backgrounds, leading to lower engagement and higher emotional exhaustion among such employees, while those from wealthier backgrounds are buffered against these effects. These responses to …

Nationalist Sentiments And The Multinational Enterprise: Insights From Organizational Sociology, Jesper Edman, Ilya R. P. Cuypers, Gokhan Ertug, Ruth V. Aguilera

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

International business scholars have recognized the impact of political and economic nationalism on the multinational enterprise (MNE). We complement these approaches by highlighting the sociological manifestations of nationalism and their implications for the MNE. We argue that nationalist sentiments, i.e. widely-shared assumptions of superiority over other nations and cultures, constitute an under-researched but critical element in international business (IB). Drawing insights from organizational sociology, we elucidate how nationalist sentiments manifest in the MNE’s external and internal environment. Specifically, we suggest that nationalist sentiments accentuate national institutional logics, generate status-based categorizations of foreign and domestic firms, and heighten emphasis on national …

The Science Of Creating Brand Associations: A Continuous Trinity Model Linking Brand Associations To Learning Processes, Christilene Du Plessis, Serena D'Hooge, Steven Sweldens

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The Continuous Trinity Model (CTM) of brand associations integrates 50 years of consumer learning research with recent conceptualizations of consciousness. Three types of brand associations are proposed at the representational level (expectations, meaning, and affect), corresponding to three types of learning at the process level (predictive learning, referential learning, and direct affect transfer). A core proposition derived from research on automaticity holds that the operating conditions of the learning processes vary on a continuum from mostly System 2 for predictive learning to mostly System 1 for direct affect transfer, with referential learning as a mix of the two. The CTM …

Lessons From The Demise Of The Brent Crude Oil Futures Contract On The Singapore Exchange, Kuan Yong David Ding, Wui Boon Lim

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This paper highlights the lessons drawn from the demise of the Brent Crude Oil futures contract that was traded on the Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX). We analyze the market microstructure of the contract prior to its failure—specifically, the number of trades, trading volume, open interest, bid–ask spread, and volatility. We find a steady decline in the mean volume, open interest, and number of trades as the contracts near their demise. The bid–ask spread of the contract also widens. Investigations of the mutual offset feature of the Brent Crude Oil futures contract between SGX and the International Commodity Exchange (ICE) provides …

What Drives Employers’ Favorability Ratings On Employer Review Platforms? The Role Of Symbolic, Personal, And Emotional Content, Christoph E. Höllig, Andranik Tumasjan, Filip Lievens

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Employer review platforms have changed the recruitment landscape by allowing current and former employees to post messages about an employer outside of direct company control. Therefore, they have emerged as an important form of third-party employer branding. However, we know little about how such open-ended comments relate to the key variable in employer reviews: employers’ favorability rating. Therefore, we start by situating this variable among other constructs in the employer branding space. Next, we build theory on how content in the open-ended comments of an employer review relates to the positivity or negativity of the reviews’ favorability rating. We test …

Politically Connected Emncs In A (De)Globalising World: A Review And Future Research Directions, Dongdong Huang, Lai Si Tsui-Auch, Marleen Dieleman, David Gomulya

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Emerging market multinational corporations (EMNCs) have emerged as significant global players, driven by their home country political connections that present both opportunities and challenges. Despite the insights gained from current studies, we still lack a clear conceptualisation of diverse political connections and the distinctiveness of politically connected EMNCs. Our study conducts a comprehensive review to bridge those gaps. We identify and compare two types of political connections, delve into major theories and highlight their main focus, key arguments, mechanisms and outcome predictions. Consequently, we propose a context-mechanism-outcome framework across three contextual levels, emphasising theoretical convergence and divergence between politically connected …

Factors Affecting Online Consumers' Cultural Presence And Cultural Immersion Experiences In Live Streaming Shopping, Lifu Li, Kyeong Kang, Yafei Feng, Anqi Zhao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper conducts research on the interaction between ethnic minority group (EMG) live streamers and online consumers, aiming to present how EMG live streamers’ appearance and interaction factors affect online consumers’ cultural experience during live streaming shopping. Based on the social presence theory and the immersion theory, this paper explores how EMG live streamers impact online consumers’ cultural experience, and it designs personal EMG knowledge as a moderating variable under specific social and cultural backgrounds. Through analysing 325 online questionnaires based on the partial least squares path modelling and variance-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), the study results support that both …

To Protect Or To Hide: An Investigation On Corporate Redacted Disclosure Motives Under New Fast Act Regulation, Yan Ma, Qian Mao, Nan Hu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

China adopted amendments allowing companies to redact filings without prior approval in 2016. Leveraging this change as a quasi-nature experiment, we explore whether managers utilize redacted information to withhold bad information in the more lenient regulatory environment. Our investigation uncovers a significant shift in managerial behavior: Since 2016, managers incline to employ redactions to obscure negative news rather than safeguarding proprietary data. Furthermore, we find that the poorer firm performance and a higher cost of equity are associated with the redacted disclosures after 2016, suggesting that investors perceive an increase in firm-specific risk attributed to withholding bad news through redactions.

Specifying And Estimating Vector Autoregressions Using Their Eigensystem Representation, Leo Krippner

Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics

This article introduces the principles and mechanics of the eigensystem vector autoregression (EVAR) framework, where a VAR may be specified and estimated directly via its eigenvalue and eigenvector parameters. Using explicit constraints on the eigensystem permits control of a VAR ís allowable dynamics, which is illustrated empirically with standard and time-varying VAR estimations specified to be always non-explosive.

When Market Forces Backfire: Mandatory Esg Disclosure And Corporate Innovation, Andi Zhang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Mandatory ESG disclosure makes it possible to incorporate ESG information into stock prices, incentivizing firms to “do good”. This channel, however, may lead to suboptimal investments, according to disclosure theories. This study investigates the changes in firms’ investment in innovation activities following the staggered introduction of mandatory ESG disclosure around the world. Using a sample of corporate patents filed by listed firms across 58 countries from 2000 to 2022, I find that the introduction of mandatory ESG disclosure is associated with less corporate innovation. The effect is mainly driven by countries that mandate ESG disclosure within corporate financial reports, when …

A Tale Of Two Signals: Partner Csr Versus Csi And Alliance Formation, Qiwen Yu, Ilya R. P. Cuypers, Heli Wang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study outlines two signaling mechanisms—trust and spillover—through which a potential partner’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) affect alliance formation. Extending a key insight in signaling theory that positive and negative signals are conceptually distinct, we propose that which mechanism is dominant in explaining alliance formation varies between CSR and CSI. Specifically, we argue that the dominant signaling mechanism for CSR is the trust mechanism, through which CSR signals the moral character of a potential partner, which is used by the focal firm to infer the partner’s trustworthiness. In contrast, CSI negatively affects alliance formation primarily …

Research On The Impact Of Ai Technology Adoption On Organizational Resilience Of Service Enterprises, Jianlin Deng

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

In a time of frequent global economic fluctuations, understanding how service enterprises can sustain stability amid fluctuating environments, and even thrive during crises, has become a significant research focus within the current economic context. Advancements in the digital economy provide service enterprises with new digital technology support, leading to their reduced operational costs and heightened efficiency. Among them, artificial intelligence (AI) technology is highly praised by service enterprises. AI technology is extensively integrated into service enterprises’ daily operations and management decision-making. However, limited research has been conducted on how AI technology can assist these enterprises in navigating external environmental disruptions. …

Study On The Influencing Factors And Performance Effects Of Donation Behavior Of Chinese Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises, Ling Zhou

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, in tandem with the continuous evolution of the Chinese economy and society, there has been a mounting demand for enterprises to shoulder and fulfill social responsibilities. Corporate social donations have emerged as a crucial avenue for enterprises to discharge their societal duties. These donations support public welfare in education and healthcare, enhance enterprise image and brand value, foster consumer trust, and drive sustainable development and innovation.

Introduced in the 1990s in China, corporate social responsibility rapidly advanced, yet research on SMEs’ social donations remains scarce. Despite their economic significance, SMEs face …

Corporate Technological Patent And Financing Accessibility - An Empirical Analysis Based On Startups, Tao Xu

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Technological innovation is not only central to competition among firms but also a crucial driver of economic growth. The process of corporate technological innovation often demands substantial financial support. However, due to information asymmetry and capital constraints, tech startups encounter numerous obstacles in sustaining innovation. Venture capital is instrumental in fostering continuous corporate innovation, providing essential financial support for innovative activities, and playing a key role in achieving core technological breakthroughs. As a significant manifestation of corporate innovative technology, patents can mitigate the information asymmetry between startups and investors by creating a positive patent signal from diverse perspectives. Therefore, investigating …

Robo-Advisers And Investor Behavior, Benjamin Loos, Pengfei Ma, Alessandro Previtero, Andres Hackethal

Sim Kee Boon Institute for Financial Economics

Using data from a large German retail bank, we investigate the effects of the introduction of a robo-advisory tool on clients’ portfolios. Robo clients experience a significant increase in financial risk-taking and improve portfolio efficiency along several dimensions (more diversification, less home bias, more investment in passive funds, reduced investment fees). Our evidence is consistent with robo-advisers being a more cost-effective approach for offering financial advice, especially to less sophisticated investors.

Design Of Off-Grid Lighting Business Models To Serve The Poor: Field Experiments And Structural Analysis, Bhavani Shanker Uppari, Serguei Netessine, Ioana Popescu, Rowan P. Clarke

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

A significant proportion of the world’s population has no access to grid-based electricity and so relies on off-grid lighting solutions. Rechargeable lamp technology is gaining popularity as an alternative off-grid lighting model in developing countries. In this paper, we explore consumer behavior and the operational inefficiencies that result under this model. Specifically, we are interested in (i) measuring the impact of inconvenience (of travelling to recharge the lamp) along with the impact of liquidity constraints (due to poverty) on lamp usage, and (ii) evaluating the efficacy of strategies that address these factors. We build a structural model of consumers’ recharge …

Untangling Influence: The Effect Of Follower-Followee Comparison On Social Media Engagement, Yi Peng, Liling Lu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Social media platforms and marketers are keen on identifying truly influential creators. Number of followers (i.e., those who follow creators) and number of followees (i.e., those who are followed by creators) serve as cues to infer creators' influence. However, a cue of creators' actual influence is under-addressed and its effect on social media engagement remains to be explored. This research fills the gap in the literature by investigating how the cue of creators' actual influence (i.e., follower-followee comparison) may affect followers' engagement behavior. The study further examines the moderation effects of media-, topic-, and creator-related factors. The present work leverages …