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Articles 661 - 690 of 1238

Full-Text Articles in Business

Production Learning And Quality Control, Charles S. Tapiero Jan 1987

Production Learning And Quality Control, Charles S. Tapiero

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

The purpose of this paper is to establish a linkage between quality control, the production learning process and the firm's propensity to use quality control under various conditions. A stochastic dynamic programming approach together with a numerical example are used to compute quality control policies and justify the intensive use of quality control in manufacturing.


On Countertrading: An Update And A Classification Of The Barter Trade System, Arnold Reisman, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Gang Li Jan 1987

On Countertrading: An Update And A Classification Of The Barter Trade System, Arnold Reisman, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Gang Li

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Countertrade comprises about one third of world trade and is gaining in popularity. Because of its many advantages for traders irrespective of their home country's level of economic development as summarized in [Reisman, Fuh and Li 1987] it will involve half of the world trade by year 2000 [Cooper 1984]. With an understanding of countertrade formats, advantages and disadvantages, we can more knowledgably pursue this type of trade with efficiency and effectiveness. This paper presented several taxonomical structures for countertrade aimed at providing a complete picture and hence a better understanding of countertrade potentialities.


A Decision Support System For Countertrade Negotiations, Gang Li Jan 1987

A Decision Support System For Countertrade Negotiations, Gang Li

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper discusses a Decision Support System based on Interactive Delphi Goal Programming intended to facilitate countertrade negotiations. The system is general enough to encompass all known formats of countertrade, ranging from pure barter to complex joint ventures. [Published circa 1987].


Product Failures, Manufacturing Reliability And Quality Control : A Dynamic Framework, Charles S. Tapiero, Arnold Reisman, Peter H. Ritchken Jan 1987

Product Failures, Manufacturing Reliability And Quality Control : A Dynamic Framework, Charles S. Tapiero, Arnold Reisman, Peter H. Ritchken

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

The purpose of this paper is to outline a dynamic (time related) approach to quality control when manufacturing product reliability and post sales product failure costs are considered explicitly in the economic design of quality control samples. A specific curtailed sampling technique is used and optimal samples determined. The optimal quality control sampling plan is calculated analytically by the solution of a stochastic dynamic programming problem. In addition, several numerical examples are resolved. The essential contributions of the paper are two-fold; first in integrating economic considerations related to manufacturing reliability, product reputation and post-sales marketing costs. Second, in outlining a …


Countertrade With China: Some Contributions Of Management Science Research, Arnold Reisman, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Gang Li Jan 1987

Countertrade With China: Some Contributions Of Management Science Research, Arnold Reisman, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Gang Li

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Countertrade is a modern version of barter trading. In the People's Republic of China (PRC), the Compensation Trade Bureau of the State Import and Export Commission (SIEC) has stated that countertrade is "indispensable" as a tool of economic planning. Although it is the oldest form of commerce, countertrading research appears to be virgin territory in the literature of Management Science. This paper identifies PRC's need for countertrade in the current stage of its economic development. It classifies countertrade according to some basic factors and represents the different types of countertrade by mathematical equations. Lastly the paper analyses several pricing strategies …


A Mean Value Analysis Model For Job Shop-Like Systems, Henry C. Co, Gang Li Jan 1987

A Mean Value Analysis Model For Job Shop-Like Systems, Henry C. Co, Gang Li

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

The purpose of this paper is to present a mean-value analysis model for determining some congestion measures of job shop-like systems such as the flexible manufacturing system (FMS).


Ranges For Negotiating Countertrade Transactions Under The Comparative Advantage Theory, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Arnold Reisman, Gang Li Jan 1987

Ranges For Negotiating Countertrade Transactions Under The Comparative Advantage Theory, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Arnold Reisman, Gang Li

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper develops mathematical equivalences of various types of countertrade transactions including those with single and multiproduct bundling by one or both sides. Under the assumption of Comparative Advantage it derives ranges for countertrade negotiation within which all parties profit. Lastly it proves that product bundling increases negotiating latitudes.


Management Information Systems: A New Venture Perspective, S.G. H.P. Panlilio, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

Management Information Systems: A New Venture Perspective, S.G. H.P. Panlilio, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This case study highlights critical considerations for small businesses in setting up and automating information systems. Early adoption of integrated information system automation is emphasized for businesses with typical functions such as Marketing, Production, Accounting/Finance, Human Resources, and Management. Benefits and considerations in automation are explored. [Likely published circa 1987.]


A Group Technology Approach To The Bearing Selection Problem, Stephen Robert Strong Jan 1987

A Group Technology Approach To The Bearing Selection Problem, Stephen Robert Strong

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

We developed in this thesis a decision support system to select the optimal rolling element bearings, hereafter referred to as the Bearing Selection Engine (BSE). The BSE considers both aspects of the specification problem: type specification and part number selection. Bearing type specification is often done by designers who, through experience or tradition, have developed a set of rules on which to base their decisions. Part number selection is the most time-consuming stage of bearing specification, but also the most mathematical. This NP-complete problem involves the search for currently manufactured sets of bearing part numbers that will meet all of …


A Conceptual Scheme Of Knowledge Systems For Ms/Or, Gad Rabinowitz, Abraham Mehrez, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

A Conceptual Scheme Of Knowledge Systems For Ms/Or, Gad Rabinowitz, Abraham Mehrez, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper suggests a conceptual scheme to represent the knowledge base of Management Science/Operations Research (MS/OR). Such a scheme could be utilized within the framework of a Decision Support System (DSS). Its purpose is to facilitate expansion of knowledge. An illustrative example is provided to indicate the potential of a DSS with the scheme suggested. Finally, some of the issues of development and implementation of such a DSS are discussed. [Published circa 1987.]


On Organizing Mis Knowledge, Suzanne Robertson, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

On Organizing Mis Knowledge, Suzanne Robertson, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Perusal of management information systems (MIS) literature or attendance at conferences points out the discipline's diversity and the need for students, as well as professors to have a larger frame of reference for understanding MIS research. This paper utilizes two MIS research frameworks, one proposed by Ives, Hamilton and Davis and the other by Vogel and Wetherbe, to demonstrate the role of integrative thought in understanding and guiding MIS research. A literature review is used to support the claim that benefits to recall, more effective hypothesis generation, more cost effective allocation of research resources and better interdisciplinary communication can result …


Microprocessor-Based Hardware For Computer Control Of A Model Of Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Henry C. Co, Shih-Ken Chen Jan 1987

Microprocessor-Based Hardware For Computer Control Of A Model Of Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Henry C. Co, Shih-Ken Chen

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper describes the software development and hardware of the cell controller for an emulator of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). The facility uses actual microprocessor-based hardware for computer control, and computer simulation to emulate the signals emanating from the machining centers. It represents one of the major experimental capabilities of the Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University. [Published circa 1987.]


An Interactive Delphi Goal Programming Procedure For Countertrade Negotiation Decision Support Systems, Gang Li, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

An Interactive Delphi Goal Programming Procedure For Countertrade Negotiation Decision Support Systems, Gang Li, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper presents an Interactive Delphi Goal Programming procedure for countertrade negotiation decision support systems. The procedure is general enough to encompass all known formats ranging from pure barter to complex joint ventures.


Reliability, Pricing And Quality Control, Charles S. Tapiero, Peter H. Ritchken, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

Reliability, Pricing And Quality Control, Charles S. Tapiero, Peter H. Ritchken, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

The purpose of this paper is to construct a theoretical framework which allows a manufacturer to examine the tradeoffs between pricing, reliability, design and quality control issues. In particular, the paper investigates effects of risk aversion on the relative prominence of one or the other policy instruments. In addition, the results of extensive numerical analyses are presented relating basic managerial guidelines with price, reliability and quality control.


Quality Control Of The M/G/1 Queue, Lie-Fern Hsu, Charles S. Tapiero Jan 1987

Quality Control Of The M/G/1 Queue, Lie-Fern Hsu, Charles S. Tapiero

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper addresses the integration of quality control techniques into M/G/i queue models, extending prior analyses of M/M/i queue and transfer line systems. The study investigates quality control in automated manufacturing environments, with a focus on flexible and job-shop systems. Two approaches to quality control are analyzed: open-loop sampling techniques, based on Dodge-continuous sampling plans, and closed-loop techniques, where inspection is dynamically adjusted based on queue performance metrics such as queue length. The paper employs a renewal-reward framework to optimize quality control parameters, balancing efficiency and accuracy in defect detection. Key findings offer insights into the interaction between queue dynamics …


Premium Valuation In International Insurance, Laurent L. Jacque, Charles S. Tapiero Jan 1987

Premium Valuation In International Insurance, Laurent L. Jacque, Charles S. Tapiero

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This article develops a premium valuation formula for international insurance and reinsurance contracts. Specifically, the expected utility equivalence framework is reformulated in a dynamic mode to account for the stochastic nature of exchange rates movements which allows for the joint factoring of insurance and exchange risk into the premium valuation process. Assuming a Compound Poisson Claim Process and lognormally distributed exchange rates actuarially fair premia are derived for international insurance, proportional and excess loss reinsurance contracts.


Some Thoughts For Model Builders In The Management And Social Sciences, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

Some Thoughts For Model Builders In The Management And Social Sciences, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

The development of specialized models in management science, industrial engineering, operations research, and econometrics, begun out of necessity, is degenerating into a habit. The literature is replete with models that fit a specific type problem like a glove but are useless for problems that differ in type. All these works need synthesis. Model builders should generalize upon previous works to integrate, systematize, or categorize the specialized models within their fields.


Ranges For Negotiating Countertrade Transactions Under The Comparative Advantage Theory, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Arnold Reisman, Gang Li Jan 1987

Ranges For Negotiating Countertrade Transactions Under The Comparative Advantage Theory, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Arnold Reisman, Gang Li

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper develops mathematical equivalences of various types of countertrade transactions including those with single and multiproduct bundling by one or both sides. Under the assumption of Comparative Advantage it derives ranges for countertrade negotiation within which all parties profit. Lastly it proves that product bundling increases negotiating latitudes.


A Proactive Approach To Seeking Out Profitable Countertrade Opportunities, Arnold Reisman, Duu-Cheng Fuh Jan 1987

A Proactive Approach To Seeking Out Profitable Countertrade Opportunities, Arnold Reisman, Duu-Cheng Fuh

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper presents a proactive approach for use by large and small enterprises in seeking out countertrade potentialities. The approach is based on the Marginal Cost Ratio and the Marketing Synergy concepts. It directs the trader to those industries and specific enterprises which show the greatest countertrade benefit potential.


A Mixed Integer Programming Model For Solving Loading, Tool Configuration And Batching Problems In Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Shih-Ken Chen, Jeanette S. Biermann Nov 1986

A Mixed Integer Programming Model For Solving Loading, Tool Configuration And Batching Problems In Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Shih-Ken Chen, Jeanette S. Biermann

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Production management refers to the functions production planning and factory/shop floor control. There are a number of production management problems that are amenable to operations research techniques. The most popular of these are assembly line balancing, inventory control, and scheduling. This paper deals with some of the shop floor control problems which occur in a flexible manufacturing system for automated metal removal.


Economic Design Of Attribute Control Charts In An M/G/1 Job Shop Queue, Lie-Fern Hsu, Charles S. Tapiero Sep 1986

Economic Design Of Attribute Control Charts In An M/G/1 Job Shop Queue, Lie-Fern Hsu, Charles S. Tapiero

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper addresses the integration of quality control techniques within queueing-based job shop models, specifically the M/G/1 queue framework. While previous research has extensively explored job shop models and flexible manufacturing systems, the incorporation of quality management has been limited. This study introduces an economic design for attribute control charts that monitor the quality of outputs in an M/G/1 queue, accounting for situations when the production process is in or out of control. Utilizing renewal-reward theory, we optimize quality control parameters and establish a joint objective for balancing quality and quantity in production. The methodology includes a sampling technique inspired …


Scheduling To A Common Due Date On Parallel Uniform Processors, Hamilton Emmons Aug 1986

Scheduling To A Common Due Date On Parallel Uniform Processors, Hamilton Emmons

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

We consider scheduling a set of jobs on parallel processors, when all jobs have a common due date and earliness and lateness are penalized at different cost rates. For identical processors, the secondary criteria of minimizing makespan and machine occupancy are addressed. The extension to different, uniform processors is also solved.


Resource Requirements For Scheduling With Different Processor Sizes - Part I, Venkateswara Reddy Dondeti, Hamilton Emmons Jun 1986

Resource Requirements For Scheduling With Different Processor Sizes - Part I, Venkateswara Reddy Dondeti, Hamilton Emmons

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Given a start time sj, duration pj, and the minimal processor capacity required rj, for each of n jobs (j=1,...,n), we wish to find the optimal mix of processors, available in two different sizes, required to complete all jobs on schedule. A job with a smaller size requirement can be done by a bigger processor, but not vice versa. We present algorithms for solving this problem under two different objectives: (a) Minimize the total number of processors, and, given that, minimize the number of bigger processors: (b) Minimize the total costs of the processors.


A Comparison Of Anova With Marginal Chi-Square In Testing Multidimensional Categorical Data, Wanchai Tosuwan May 1986

A Comparison Of Anova With Marginal Chi-Square In Testing Multidimensional Categorical Data, Wanchai Tosuwan

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

In this thesis we present ANOVA of multidimensional data in 2 contingency table, Marginal Chi-square and the Mantel-Haenszel tests. The results of each method show which one of the three is most suitable for the 2 contingency tables.


A Decision Support Software For Manufacturing Resources Planning Of Flexible Manufacturing Systems : A Practical Application Of A Closed Queueing-Network Model, Mark Friedman May 1986

A Decision Support Software For Manufacturing Resources Planning Of Flexible Manufacturing Systems : A Practical Application Of A Closed Queueing-Network Model, Mark Friedman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

In this thesis, a closed queueing-network model is embedded in an interactive computer model for resolving the manufacturing resources planning problem in designing flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). In addition to being a resources planning system for an FMS, this thesis also provides a partial solution and approach to the total integration of the facility design issues.


New Tools For Detecting Influential Data In Multiple Linear Regression, Chiao-Pin Bao May 1986

New Tools For Detecting Influential Data In Multiple Linear Regression, Chiao-Pin Bao

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

In multiple regression analysis, one occasionally finds that a small subset of data has a disproportionate influence on the values of regression coefficients. The techniques for detecting such influential data points consist of a combination of numerical and graphical methods. Detecting influential data sets is a very difficult and time-consuming task, especially in large data sets. Simple and computationally efficient techniques for detecting influential data points are given in the thesis. The main contributions of the thesis are: 1) New formulas for detecting influential data which are masked by one or more data points. 2) Efficient computational procedures for BCOVRATIO …


Minimal Resources For Fixed Job Schedules With Defferent Processor Size Requirements And A Hierarchical Structure, Venkateswara Reddy Dondeti May 1986

Minimal Resources For Fixed Job Schedules With Defferent Processor Size Requirements And A Hierarchical Structure, Venkateswara Reddy Dondeti

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

In resource allocation and scheduling problems, we frequently come across situations wherein the tasks, although similar in nature, require resources of different capacities. An example is the assignment of airplanes to different flights. In this case, the basic task is the same, but depending on the expected load of a flight, we would assign a plane of larger or smaller capacity to that flight. The essential feature of this type of problem is that not only the tasks require resources of different capacities, but also a resource with a higher capacity can, if necessary, undertake a task which requires a …


A Strategic Approach Towards Evaluating Health Care Market Attractiveness, Richard Kwei May 1986

A Strategic Approach Towards Evaluating Health Care Market Attractiveness, Richard Kwei

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper proposes a strategic approach to geographic market expansion for the health care industry, utilizing a structured and quantifiable model. The methodology involves a workflow designed to identify and evaluate optimal geographic areas for expansion and to develop plans for effective market entry and development. Key aspects of the model address market feasibility through the analysis of factors such as market potential, competition, health care resources, market receptiveness, and market share modeling. By providing measurable results, the approach aims to guide decision-making processes for market growth in the health care sector.


Valuation Of Candidate Bond-Warrant Packages, Peter H. Ritchken, Shyanjaw Kuo Jan 1986

Valuation Of Candidate Bond-Warrant Packages, Peter H. Ritchken, Shyanjaw Kuo

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper presents a model for valuing bond-warrant financing packages. It shows how bonds and warrants can be simultaneously valued when the firm’s post financing value is not exogeneous. This simultaneous valuation allows the “sweetening” effect of warrants on debt to be quantified prior to the introduction of the issue. If financing decisions are made solely to change the capital structure of the firm, without increasing its size, then the model presented reduces to well known forms.


A Sequential Linear Programming Approach For Solving The Linear Complementarity Problem, Syamal Roy Jan 1986

A Sequential Linear Programming Approach For Solving The Linear Complementarity Problem, Syamal Roy

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This research is concerned with the linear complementarity problem (LCP). In the first part of this research, we develop an algorithm which finds a solution to the LCP or detects that none exists when the given matrix M is either a P-matrix, or M is nonsingular and its inverse is nonpositive. Our approach is to solve an equivalent constrained optimization problem, the feasible region of which is the same as that defined by the linearity constraints of the LCP. The algorithm starts with a solution to the linearity constraints, if one exists, and solves a sequence of linear programming subproblems. …