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Full-Text Articles in Business

Quality Control Of An Unreliable Random Fms: With Bernoulli & Csp Sampling, Charles S. Tapiero, Lie-Fern Hsu Jan 1988

Quality Control Of An Unreliable Random Fms: With Bernoulli & Csp Sampling, Charles S. Tapiero, Lie-Fern Hsu

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper provides a set of recursive equations for computing the AOQ's (average outgoing quality) of an unreliable random FMS (flexible manufacturing system). The FMS is described using Whitt's approximation to a network of GI/G/S queues. Relationships between the operating and quality manufacturing characteristics of the FMS are found. Numerical examples are provided and the impact of outgoing quality variability on location of inspection in an FMS is discussed. This latter topic is left for further research however.

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A Bayes Approach To Quality Control Of An M/G/1 Job Shop Queue, Lie-Fern Hsu, Charles S. Tapiero Jan 1988

A Bayes Approach To Quality Control Of An M/G/1 Job Shop Queue, Lie-Fern Hsu, Charles S. Tapiero

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper provides a Bayes approach for the quality control of a job-shop process which is defined by an M/G/1 queue. An inspection procedure which is jointly optimal from the process operational characteristics and quality control perspectives is found using a queue-inspection renewal cycle analysis (with overall expected profit per unit time as the optimization objective). Extensive numerical results are obtained, highlighting the relationships between quality control and (queueing-like) job shop management.

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Achieving An Advantage With Countertrade, Arnold Reisman, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Gang Li Jan 1988

Achieving An Advantage With Countertrade, Arnold Reisman, Duu-Cheng Fuh, Gang Li

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper discusses the various formats of Countertrade, a modern outgrowth of ancient Barter. It presents a taxonomy for classifying the ways Countertrade is conducted. It delineates the advantages to the trading partners depending on the respective levels of economic development in their home countries. It discusses the process of Countertrade broadly enough to encompass each of the Countertrade formats. It addresses issues of product bundling and develops quantity ranges within which a trade will be profitable to both sides, assuming that comparative advantage is enjoyed by the trading partners in their respective product lines. Lastly, the paper discusses some …

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An Improved Counterexample To The Rudimentary Primal Algorithm, Robert Haas, Kamlesh Mathur, Harvey M. Salkin Jan 1988

An Improved Counterexample To The Rudimentary Primal Algorithm, Robert Haas, Kamlesh Mathur, Harvey M. Salkin

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

The rudimentary primal algorithm (RPA) is a simple and convenient algorithm to solve all-integer integer programs; its considerably more complex alternative is the "simplified primal algorithm" (SPA) of Young [3] and Glover [1]. The RPA has not been demonstrated to converge, however; Mathis [3] and Salkin [4] have in fact presented counterexamples for which it cycles indefinitely with period six. The counterexamples depend critically, though, on a rigid choice of the "optimal" pivot columns; Mathis' example converges if alternative columns are selected, and we observe here that Salkin's converges quickly too. The issue thus remained open whether the RPA might …

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An Efficient Resource Directive Algorithm For Multicommodity Network Flow Problems, Chandrashekhar Madhukar Khot Jan 1988

An Efficient Resource Directive Algorithm For Multicommodity Network Flow Problems, Chandrashekhar Madhukar Khot

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Resource directive algorithms for multicommodity network flow problems are decomposition schemes that work by transforming the problem into one of finding the best possible allocation of capacities to the competing commodities. The transformed problem has a piecewise linear convex master program, with single commodity network flow subproblems, which can be solved fast. Resource directive algorithms presented in the literature have attempted to exploit the convexity of the objective. However, the best resource directive algorithm available, the subgradient algorithm, remains heuristic in nature. On the other hand, optimizing algorithms are usually computationally effective variants of the revised simplex algorithm; are roughly …

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A General Model And Taxonomy For Countertrade Analysis, Arnold Reisman, Gang Li, Duu-Cheng Fuh Jan 1988

A General Model And Taxonomy For Countertrade Analysis, Arnold Reisman, Gang Li, Duu-Cheng Fuh

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper discusses the countertrade transaction in general enough terms to subsume all of its known formats. It presents a general model for evaluating transactions under each of the various forms of countertrade and a schema for classifying same. Both the model and the taxonomy encompass transactions ranging from pure barter to free trade.

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Design Of A Model Generator For Simulation Modeling In Slam [Tm 610], Henry C. Co, Shih-Ken Chen Jan 1988

Design Of A Model Generator For Simulation Modeling In Slam [Tm 610], Henry C. Co, Shih-Ken Chen

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

[Published circa 1986-1988]. We present a menu-driven model generator for simulation of job shop-like systems such as the flexible manufacturing system (FMS). The model generator creates a "combined discrete-network" model which can be run directly on the IBM-PC version of SLAM II. The model traces the flow of materials in a closed network of resources. A data file for the discrete-event elements of the SLAM model enhances the flexibility of the model generator. The resulting model has the capability to incorporate various types of work stations (machining centers, loading and unloading stations, inspection stations, heat treatment and cleaning stations, temporary …

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Coordination Of Multilevel Optimization And Benefit Allocation For Cooperating Producers With Emphasis On Agricultural Integration, Asher Tsafrir, Hovav Talpaz, Arnold Reisman Jan 1988

Coordination Of Multilevel Optimization And Benefit Allocation For Cooperating Producers With Emphasis On Agricultural Integration, Asher Tsafrir, Hovav Talpaz, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper develops a methodology for: The joint planning of activities by several cooperating but independent producers, where such cooperation can have synergistic results and an equitable distribution of the benefits resulting from the activities executed according to the above plan. The first objective is addressed using multilevel optimization techniques and the second using concepts from Rawls' theory of distributive justice, Aumann-Shapley prices and methodologies of Billera and Heath and of Mirman and Tauman which rendered the above operational. Although the paper focuses on agricultural cooperatives it points out potential applications in the health services and in the public sectors.

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Design Of A Model Generator For Simulation Modeling In Slam [Tm 585], Henry C. Co, Shih-Ken Chen Jan 1988

Design Of A Model Generator For Simulation Modeling In Slam [Tm 585], Henry C. Co, Shih-Ken Chen

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

[Published circa 1986-1988]. We present a menu-driven model generator for simulation of job shop-like systems such as the flexible manufacturing system (FMS). The model generator creates a "combined discrete-network" model which can be run directly on the IBM-PC version of SLAM II. The model traces the flow of materials in a closed network of resources. A data file for the discrete-event elements of the SLAM model enhances the flexibility of the model generator. The resulting model has the capability to incorporate various types of work stations (machining centers, loading and unloading stations, inspection stations, heat treatment and cleaning stations, temporary …

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Design Of Agricultural Integrations: A Problem Of Coordinating Multilevel Production Optimization And Profit Distribution, Asher Tsafrir, Hovav Talpaz, Arnold Reisman Jan 1988

Design Of Agricultural Integrations: A Problem Of Coordinating Multilevel Production Optimization And Profit Distribution, Asher Tsafrir, Hovav Talpaz, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper develops a sound coordination methodology for optimizing production and distributing the resulting benefits within a cooperative of several independent economic entities. The methodology is applied to the agricultural integration of Israeli Fish Farming Cooperatives.

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Unification Of Single Objective Mathematical Programming Problems, Gregory Pollock, Arnold Reisman Jan 1988

Unification Of Single Objective Mathematical Programming Problems, Gregory Pollock, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper attempts to unify a broad, though not exhaustive, arena of mathematical programming. The approach involves the development of a general mathematical problem formulation, which is shown to reduce, in a deductive manner, to each of the major subfields of mathematical programming. Furthermore, a taxonomy is provided for classifying each of the special cases. Lastly, the premier algorithms for solving each of the cases are indicated and referenced.

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Preventive Maintenance Scheduling In An M/M/1 System, Abdelaziz Araar, Henry C. Co Jan 1988

Preventive Maintenance Scheduling In An M/M/1 System, Abdelaziz Araar, Henry C. Co

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper investigates the preventive maintenance scheduling problem in an M/M/1 system. The trade-off between the cost of breakdown, the cost of waiting, and the cost of maintenance are examined. A number of insightful propositions are established and the boundary conditions of the optimal frequency of maintenance analyzed.

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A Fast Algorithm For The Transporter Routing Problem In A Bay Type As/R System, Ahmed Malki, Henry C. Co Jan 1988

A Fast Algorithm For The Transporter Routing Problem In A Bay Type As/R System, Ahmed Malki, Henry C. Co

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

We present a fast algorithm for finding the routing sequence of the transporter in a bay type AS/R system. The methodology requires minimal computer hardware and CPU time. It is based on the analysis of the tree date structure abstracted from the problem. Some test cases are evaluated on a 100-aisle by 50-items-per-aisle AS/R system configuration.

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Sequencing In Flexible Manufacturing Systems And Other Short Queue-Length Systems, Henry C. Co, T.J. Jaw, Shih-Ken Chen Jan 1988

Sequencing In Flexible Manufacturing Systems And Other Short Queue-Length Systems, Henry C. Co, T.J. Jaw, Shih-Ken Chen

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

There is a proliferation of applied probability models in the literature on flexible manufacturing systems. Many of these models make the LIFO, FIFO assumptions, but in actuality, there are a host of other sequencing rules that can be, and are applied. We investigate the impact of the sequencing rules in an effort to validate the robustness of these applied probability models.

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A Proactive, Systematic Approach To Finding Research Topics In The Management And Social Sciences, Arnold Reisman Oct 1987

A Proactive, Systematic Approach To Finding Research Topics In The Management And Social Sciences, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper offers a step by step methodology by which most if not all researchable topics within a given field of knowledge can be systematically identified. The method is based on transforming a descriptive taxonomy into a prescriptive one. Two disparate literature surveys, one for Combining Probability Distributions in Rational Group Decision Making and the other for Perishable Inventory Theory are used to demonstrate the efficacy of the procedure.

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Expansion Of Knowledge Via Consolidation Of Knowledge, Arnold Reisman Oct 1987

Expansion Of Knowledge Via Consolidation Of Knowledge, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper addresses the need to consolidate knowledge while expanding it by creating taxonomies and/or generalized formulations. A number of ways to achieve that end are delineated and embedded in a suggested taxonomy of taxonomies. Selected works from both the "hard" and the management sciences are summarized to demonstrate the variety of knowledge consolidating role models and to test the effectiveness of the Taxonomy of Taxonomies.

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The Expected Cost Of Ruin And Insurance Premiums In Mutual Insurance, Charles S. Tapiero, Laurent L. Jacque Sep 1987

The Expected Cost Of Ruin And Insurance Premiums In Mutual Insurance, Charles S. Tapiero, Laurent L. Jacque

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

The purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative definition and assessment of the expected cost of ruin in mutual insurance. In addition, some implications are drawn regarding the actuarially fair premium policyholders may be willing to pay for mutual insurance. A special case is treated, yielding analytical results that allow a comparative static analysis of the effects of ruin on premium payments and an assessment of the cost of ruin-free mutual insurance contracts.

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Ranges For Negotiation In International Countertrade, Duu-Cheng Fuh Aug 1987

Ranges For Negotiation In International Countertrade, Duu-Cheng Fuh

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Countertrade is a modern version of barter trading. This thesis provides a texonomy for the various formats of countertrade in practice today. Each of the formats classified is also mathematically modeled. Under the thoery of comparative advantage this thesis derives quantity ranges within which negotiations can take place and both sides will profit. The thesis proves that product bundling increases negotiating latitute. The thesis also is concerned with deviations from comparative advantage. The situations of absolute comparative advantage and of comparative disadvantage are introduced to calculate quantity ranges using various types of product bundling. The extent of government subvention and/or …

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Minimization Of Total Tardiness In Many-To-Many Pickup And Delivery Systems, Carolyn Kidder Cuff Aug 1987

Minimization Of Total Tardiness In Many-To-Many Pickup And Delivery Systems, Carolyn Kidder Cuff

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

In the problem considered, the objective is to minimize the total tardiness in a schedule which includes many pickup and many delivery locations. Due to the large number of items and fixed number of vehicles, a feasible schedule picking all items up after their known ready time and delivering them before their due times generally does not exist. Algorithms for single and multivehicle instances are developed. A branch and bound algorithm developed for the single vehicle finds an optimal solution. However, its use is limited to comparatively small problems. The alternative heuristic consists of 2 phases. First, the vehicle is …

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Physician Manpower Planning For Developing Countries, Fidelis Madeke Ikem Aug 1987

Physician Manpower Planning For Developing Countries, Fidelis Madeke Ikem

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Physician manpower requirements of most developing countries can often be met by either developing local training facilities, by sending indigenes to train abroad, by recruiting expatriate physicians, or some combination of the above. Foreign training and having expatriate physicians often involve expenditures of scarce foreign exchange in competition with other development projects. Planning the training of physicians to meet the healthcare manpower requirements of a developing nation is viewed in this research as being analogous to capacity planning in a multi-stage industrial production of a single product. Physicians are the single "product" to be "produced". The number of medical schools …

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Quality Control In Queueing-Like Manufacturing Systems, Lie-Fern Hsu May 1987

Quality Control In Queueing-Like Manufacturing Systems, Lie-Fern Hsu

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

In queueing-like models of manufacturing systems (such as automatic and flexible manufacturing systems), quality control is assuming an increasingly important place in the manufacturing process. However, the design of quality control procedures and their integration in queueing-like job shop manufacturing models has been conspicuously lacking. Further, traditional statistical quality inspection (SQI) plans are limited in their applications to FMSs and mostly ignore the effects of quality control on the overall operating characteristics of the queueing-like manufacturing process.The objectives of this thesis are two-fold. First, to extend and design models that integrate both the process of quantity- and quality-based production management, …

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Coordination Of Multilevel Optimization And Benefit Allocation In Agricultural Integration, Asher Tsafrir May 1987

Coordination Of Multilevel Optimization And Benefit Allocation In Agricultural Integration, Asher Tsafrir

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This dissertation develops a methodology for: A. The joint planning of activities by several cooperating but independent producers, where such cooperation can have synergistic results. B. An equitable distribution of the benefits resulting from the activities executed according to the above plan. The first objective is addressed using well established technologies of multilevel optimization and the second using concepts from Rawls' theory of distributive justice, Aumann-Shapley prices and methodologies of Billera and Heath and of Mirman and Tauman which rendered the above operational. The Dissertation focuses on the wide range of potential applications in agriculture where cooperatives of various formats …

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Option Bounds With Finite Revision Opportunities, Peter H. Ritchken, Shyanjaw Kuo May 1987

Option Bounds With Finite Revision Opportunities, Peter H. Ritchken, Shyanjaw Kuo

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This article generalizes the single period linear programming option bound prices by allowing for a finite number of revision opportunities. It is shown, that, in an incomplete market, the bounds on option prices can be derived using a modified binomial option pricing model. Tighter bounds are developed under more restrictive assumptions on probabilities and risk aversion. For this case the upper bounds are shown to coincide with the upper bounds derived by Perrakis, while the lower bounds are shown to be tighter.

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Optimal Choice And Assignment Of The Best M Of N Randomly Arriving Items, John G. Wilson Mar 1987

Optimal Choice And Assignment Of The Best M Of N Randomly Arriving Items, John G. Wilson

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

n items arrive at random. The decision maker must either select or discard the current item. Ranks must be assigned to items as they are selected. The decision maker's goal is to select the m best items and assign them according to their rank order. An algorithm for finding the decision procedure that maximizes the probability of achieving this goal is developed.

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Resource Requirements For Scheduling With Different Processor Sizes - Part Ii, Hamilton Emmons, Venkateswara Reddy Dondeti Feb 1987

Resource Requirements For Scheduling With Different Processor Sizes - Part Ii, Hamilton Emmons, Venkateswara Reddy Dondeti

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

Given a start time s, duration p, and the minimal processor capacity required Rj, for each of n jobs (j=1,...,n), we wish to find the optimal mix of processors, available in r≥2 different sizes, with capacities C1

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A C-Based Interactive Fms Decision Support Software For Capacity Planning, Layout Design, And Shop Floor Control, Chin-Yun A. Wu Jan 1987

A C-Based Interactive Fms Decision Support Software For Capacity Planning, Layout Design, And Shop Floor Control, Chin-Yun A. Wu

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

The Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) has the merits of both job shop production and mass production -- flexibility at low variable production cost. However, FMSs' are very expensive to install and are very complex to operate. This thesis creatively bridged three decision tools (simulation, layout planning, and a queueing network model) for FKS capacity planning, layout design, and shop floor control. The research developed an interactive, user-friendly decision support software called FMSDS to assist decision makers in FMS design, planning, and operation. The cornerstones of FMSDS consist of three major decision tools: a queueing-network model, a simulation package, and layout …

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Innovation Diffusion Models With Stochastic Parameters : Forecasting And Planning Implications, Jehoshua Eliashberg, Charles S. Tapiero, Yoram Wind Jan 1987

Innovation Diffusion Models With Stochastic Parameters : Forecasting And Planning Implications, Jehoshua Eliashberg, Charles S. Tapiero, Yoram Wind

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper explores the forecasting and advertising planning implications of an innovation diffusion model with stochastic parameters. Comparisons are made between the stochastic model and its deterministic version. It is shown that the stochastic formulation may sometimes yield forecasted penetration curves which can be approximated quite well by a deterministic model. This, however, is not always true. In planning an advertising policy over some time horizon, it is shown how the nature of the advertising policy depends on the stochastic characteristics of the diffusion process as well as the firm's attitude toward risk.

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A Taxonomy Of Queueing Network Models And A Correlative Review Of The Literature, Lie-Fern Hsu, Charles S. Tapiero, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

A Taxonomy Of Queueing Network Models And A Correlative Review Of The Literature, Lie-Fern Hsu, Charles S. Tapiero, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper presents a taxonomy of Queueing Network Models and proceeds to classify the landmark contributions to the literature. The classification vividly demonstrates the level of generality, and the limiting assumptions built into each model. It shows the similarities and the differences between each and all contributions and lastly it pinpoints voids in the literature. [Likely published circa 1987.]

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An Emulator Of Flexible Manufacturing Systems: A Laboratory For Management Of Operations, Henry C. Co, Shih-Ken Chen, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

An Emulator Of Flexible Manufacturing Systems: A Laboratory For Management Of Operations, Henry C. Co, Shih-Ken Chen, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper describes a physical laboratory designed to enhance the teaching of, and research in the management of flexible manufacturing systems. A secondary objective is to aid decision-makers in meaningfully pre-testing strategic and/or logistical considerations.

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Measuring Industrial Competitiveness, Muhittin Oral, Arnold Reisman Jan 1987

Measuring Industrial Competitiveness, Muhittin Oral, Arnold Reisman

Research Reports from the Department of Operations

This paper describes an industrial competitiveness model. The model is instrumental in quantifying the overall competitiveness levels of manufacturing firms. It is also useful in identifying specific weaknesses and strengths of an industrial firm. The paper describes an application of the model and areas of strategic decision-making that may benefit from applying this approach. [Published circa 1987.]

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