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Articles 271 - 300 of 1238
Full-Text Articles in Business
The Role Of School Leadership In Student Achievement In Kenya, Renson Muchiri Mwangi
The Role Of School Leadership In Student Achievement In Kenya, Renson Muchiri Mwangi
Student Scholarship
Despite ample documentation that mathematics mastery can affect national development and notwithstanding long instituted formal government initiatives to improve it, student mathematics performance at the secondary school level in Kenya has deteriorated. Studies on mathematics achievement in Kenya have primarily focused on teachers’ classroom practices neglecting the potential influence of school leadership. We conducted a qualitative study involving Kenyan school principles and other administrative and instructional staff to construct an account of how school leadership is enacted and experienced in the day-to-day practices and how it affects student mathematics mastery. Our findings suggest that principals’ leadership and engagement, demonstrated commitment, …
Enterprise Information Systems And Organizational Agility: Erp As A Dynamic Source Of Change, Complexity, And Risk, Amol Kharabe
Enterprise Information Systems And Organizational Agility: Erp As A Dynamic Source Of Change, Complexity, And Risk, Amol Kharabe
Student Scholarship
The literature is silent about how organizations that have implemented Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions reconcile the use of these rigid platforms in turbulent competitive environments. We studied three diverse organizations- a $9 billion US retailer, a $3 billion consumer products firm and a $2 billion logistics company- all with ERP solutions in the sustainment phase, to shed light on the impact of changing business needs on overall ERP performance. Semi structured interviews with 24 business and technical professionals revealed that in addition to economic and competitive forces for change to the ERP system, the system itself is paradoxically a …
Feeling Comfortable With Pluralistic Diversity: Using Common Organizational Strategies To Get Uncommon Results In Higher Education Voluntary Service Organizations, Ruth Sessler Bernstein
Feeling Comfortable With Pluralistic Diversity: Using Common Organizational Strategies To Get Uncommon Results In Higher Education Voluntary Service Organizations, Ruth Sessler Bernstein
Student Scholarship
Diversity is a goal of the majority of America's institutions of higher learning. These colleges and universities have made great strides in achieving representational diversity through aggressive recruiting and retention efforts. However, on campus, students infrequently engage in pluralistic diversity. This paper examines a national voluntary service organization at two pluralistically diverse universities. Semi-structured interviews with members and alumni of the association provided insight into the characteristics of the interactions they have had with those who are different from them. These insights enabled us to examine the specific organizational strategies this nonprofit adopted that promoted enriching intercultural interactions.
From Esteem To Stigma: The Effect Of The Financial Crisis On Banker Engagement, Glen Weaver
From Esteem To Stigma: The Effect Of The Financial Crisis On Banker Engagement, Glen Weaver
Student Scholarship
Absent from a quickly accumulating literature on job engagement is a focus on professionals in the financial industry. There is, in particular, little research on the organization or industry identity of bankers as a discrete group. Nor has the literature explored the relationship of these identities with job engagement or environmental duress. We seized an opportunity to study the effects of the 2007-2009 financial crisis on bankers' identities and passion for their jobs. Semi-structured interviews with 28 mid-level bankers at five prominent US banks that accepted Toxic Asset Relief Program funding (TARP) captured insights about "normal state" (pre-crisis) versus mid-crisis …
Managing The Mission Through Times Of Adversity: What Leads To Reliable Nonprofit Performance?, Kathleen Roche
Managing The Mission Through Times Of Adversity: What Leads To Reliable Nonprofit Performance?, Kathleen Roche
Student Scholarship
During times of severe economic adversity, nonprofit organizations must carry out their charitable missions to ever-growing and needier constituencies despite endowment erosion, dwindling contributions, reduced staff, and severe funding cuts. The literature tells us little about what nonprofit organizations and managers actually do to survive economic crises. In depth interviews with leaders of a wide range of U.S. nonprofit organizations compared and contrasted crisis management experiences, revealing that, regardless of size and operation tenure, those best situated to emerge from severe and sudden revenue loss had energized, outwardly focused leaders and actively engaged boards, many volunteers, greatly extended hours of …
Post-Decision Surprise: How Bankers Manage The Unexpected, Ronald W. Eastburn
Post-Decision Surprise: How Bankers Manage The Unexpected, Ronald W. Eastburn
Student Scholarship
The literature is silent about the occurrence and impact of unexpected results of managerial decisions in the financial services industry – a sector whose executives’ decisions have nonetheless “surprised” us unrelentingly in recent years. Building on prior work on High Reliability Organizations and the collective mindfulness that guides them, we sought to generate a grounded theory about why surprise outcomes of bankers’ decisions occur and how executives make sense of them. Semi-structured interviews with 23 high ranking U.S. banking executives yielding over 50 narrative accounts of decisions gone awry revealed that bankers are not skilled in detecting and managing the …
Stakeholder Influence Strategies: Mobilizing For Collaboration, David Graham Hyatt
Stakeholder Influence Strategies: Mobilizing For Collaboration, David Graham Hyatt
Student Scholarship
Environmental nongovernmental organizations (ENGOs) increasingly use cross- sector collaborative relationships to influence the behavior of business organizations in support of their mission and interests. Whereas existing stakeholder literature tends to portray ENGO–business relationships as adversarial, with an emphasis on the extent to which an ENGO can influence a firm through power relations or behavioral characteristics, these parties actually rely on collaboration to achieve their mutual goals. From a stakeholder perspective, how do ENGOs that seek collaborative engagement achieve legitimacy with their potential firm partners? Qualitative research involving 14 ENGOs reveals at least three mechanisms: creating corporate engagement units, networks, or …
Do Fies Adopt Pro-Environmental Strategies In Developing Countries?, David D. Klossner
Do Fies Adopt Pro-Environmental Strategies In Developing Countries?, David D. Klossner
Student Scholarship
This study explores how US manufacturing firms with operations in India construe their roles and responsibilities relative to host country environmental concerns and how they develop environment-related strategies. In particular, we hope to advance understanding of the relative influence of internal versus external factors that influence decision processes and ultimate corporate behaviors. How do managers of FIEs understand the factors that influence the adoption of pro-environmental strategies in developing countries? To what extent are FIE environmental strategies motivated by internal factors versus external factors? How and to what extent do FIE management initiatives involving firm-specific resources and organizational capabilities affect …
Team Health: What Are Technical Project Teams Saying Or Not Saying?, Judith Sanders
Team Health: What Are Technical Project Teams Saying Or Not Saying?, Judith Sanders
Student Scholarship
There is a critical need for highly effective teams, but Marchetti (1997) notes teams, while in considerable demand, fail often. Despite a great deal of practitioner and academic literature that has addressed a variety of factors regarding teams and their inability to achieve intended objectives (Hackman, 1990; Robbins & Finley, 1995), teams are still not sufficiently understood (Sahay & Sarker, 2002). Researchers and practitioners alike have asked why it is so difficult to develop and maintain teams that meet performance expectations. Although team research came to the forefront in the 1950s, only in recent years have researchers begun to study …
Leader And Employee Influence On The Development Of Organizational Climate In The Long-Term Care Sector, Alice A. Obermiller
Leader And Employee Influence On The Development Of Organizational Climate In The Long-Term Care Sector, Alice A. Obermiller
Student Scholarship
The long-term care sector is challenged with retention issues that impact the quality of elder care. Annual turnover rates in excess of 50% at some staff levels combined with a growing senior population illuminates an issue where worker supply may not meet demand. Despite empirical evidence that staffing is a critical factor in the provision of high quality care and that facilities with higher staff to resident ratios have better quality ratings and more positive resident outcomes, twenty years of research underscores a persistent retention dilemma. Previous research has substantiated a correlation between retention and the work environment and called …
The Global Financial Meltdown: Is It A Recipe For Disaster To Employee Engagement?, Glen Weaver
The Global Financial Meltdown: Is It A Recipe For Disaster To Employee Engagement?, Glen Weaver
Student Scholarship
The global financial crisis of 2007-2009 was particularly devastating to the financial services industry. Poor performance, mergers/acquisitions, and massive layoffs were characteristics of the crisis. For example, Citigroup lost almost $19 billion in 2008 and market capitalization for the top three U.S. banks for the period January 1, 2007 through January 15, 2009 fell $514 billion or 75%. It was reported that since the beginning of the financial crisis in July 2007, banks had shed over 186,000 positions and thousands more remained tenuously employed as banks struggled to sustain themselves in an increasingly volatile environment. Studies during this period reflected …
The Role Of Local Cluster Agents As Key Determinants In Knowledge Creation, Absorption And Retention In Regional Biotechnology Industrial Clusters, Francisco Montalvo
The Role Of Local Cluster Agents As Key Determinants In Knowledge Creation, Absorption And Retention In Regional Biotechnology Industrial Clusters, Francisco Montalvo
Student Scholarship
Industrial clusters and innovation systems have been the focus of considerable academic research. Similarly, general research on knowledge creation is abundant, but the literature on knowledge absorption, transfer and retention on a regional level is limited. A better appreciation of knowledge creation, absorption and retention as determinants of industrial cluster success may be of value to industry decision makers, policy makers, and researchers seeking mechanisms for promoting innovation and preventing the flight of locally generated knowledge. Knowledge retention is assumed to be a source of innovation and a key determinant of knowledge diffusion and exploitation, local and multinational firm performance, …
Close Encounters Of A Meaningful Intercultural Kind: Enhancing Deep-Level Diversity In Voluntary Organizations On College Campuses, Ruth Sessler Bernstein
Close Encounters Of A Meaningful Intercultural Kind: Enhancing Deep-Level Diversity In Voluntary Organizations On College Campuses, Ruth Sessler Bernstein
Student Scholarship
We propose qualitative research to understand how majority and minority undergraduate college students construe meaningful intercultural experiences (MIEs)\, under what circumstances these experiences are likely to occur\, and to what extent they lead to deep-level diversity in voluntary organizations. This research will facilitate greater understanding of the enabling and constraining factors that affect MIEs. The conceptual framework for this research focuses on individuals engaging in sustained interactions of favorable contact with diverse group members who are willing to move outside of their “comfort zones” and develop cross-cultural skills. The interview sample will focus on undergraduate student members and alumni of …
Making Sense Of Surprise Outcomes: Implications For Managing The Unexpected, Ronald W. Eastburn
Making Sense Of Surprise Outcomes: Implications For Managing The Unexpected, Ronald W. Eastburn
Student Scholarship
We propose qualitative research to understand how financial institution management makes sense of decision outcomes that do not meet expectations, under what circumstances these experiences are likely to occur, and to what extent they lead to mindful management of the unexpected. This research will facilitate greater understanding of the factors that make some organizations far more capable and function far more reliably than others in coping with the unexpected, the unknowable and the Black Swan (Taleb, 2007), with resultant positive influence on firm performance. The conceptual framework for this research focuses on individuals engaging in managing for high performance in …
An Application And Extension Of The Technology Acceptance Model To Nonprofit Certification, Lise Anne Slatten
An Application And Extension Of The Technology Acceptance Model To Nonprofit Certification, Lise Anne Slatten
Student Scholarship
Several federated nonprofit associations have implemented assessment and certification programs intending to produce institutional improvement for member organizations. Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a foundation, this study develops and tests a theoretical extension of TAM to organizations that chose to participate in one such program (the Louisiana Standards for Excellence organizational assessment) and those that did not. The results largely validate TAM and indicate that usefulness, access barriers related to resources, attitudes, executive director proactivity and behavioral intent all influence the decision to pursue voluntary certification. These findings advance current theory and contribute to the foundation for future …
Board Member Behavioral And Cognitive Biases: The Impact On Board Level Strategic Decision-Making Processes, Bernard C. Bailey
Board Member Behavioral And Cognitive Biases: The Impact On Board Level Strategic Decision-Making Processes, Bernard C. Bailey
Student Scholarship
Prior studies of board effectiveness have primarily focused on the relationships between board structure and composition relative to the performance of the firm. To better understand the role of board members in strategic decision-making it may be helpful to gain deeper insights into the processes and behaviors that are actually utilized during strategic decision-making both within and outside the board room. Of particular interest to scholars are the specific processes that boards use to generate quality strategic decisions. We propose research to examine the conditions under which diverse board members' individual biases, backgrounds and behaviors impact the collective strategic decision-making …
Board Member Behavioral And Cognitive Biases: The Impact On Board Level Strategic Decision-Making Processes, Bernard C. Bailey
Board Member Behavioral And Cognitive Biases: The Impact On Board Level Strategic Decision-Making Processes, Bernard C. Bailey
Student Scholarship
Prior studies of board effectiveness have primarily focused on the relationships between board structure and composition relative to the performance of the firm. To better understand the role of board members in strategic decision-making it may be helpful to gain deeper insights into the processes and behaviors that are actually utilized during strategic decision-making both within and outside the board room. Of particular interest to scholars are the specific processes that boards use to generate quality strategic decisions. We propose research to examine the conditions under which diverse board members' individual biases, backgrounds and behaviors impact the collective strategic decision-making …
The Ngo Strategic Dilemma: An Examination Of Factors Enabling Or Constraining Corporate Engagement Strategy, David Graham Hyatt
The Ngo Strategic Dilemma: An Examination Of Factors Enabling Or Constraining Corporate Engagement Strategy, David Graham Hyatt
Student Scholarship
Social movements focused on sustainable development represent a significant force for change in business practices and governmental regulation. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) arise from social movements as mobilizing structures and framing mechanisms for collective action to fill governance and social needs that remain unmet by the governmental and market sectors. This study focuses on environmental NGOs and their strategies for engaging the business sector. Although cross-sector collaborations increasingly seem instrumental to effecting environmental change, NGOs face a strategic dilemma: to confront or collaborate with businesses, or both. This research explores how the NGO mission, purpose, and ideology; core competencies and repertoire …
Why They Stay: Career Longetivity Of Women In U.S. Corporate Engineering, Kathleen R. Buse
Why They Stay: Career Longetivity Of Women In U.S. Corporate Engineering, Kathleen R. Buse
Student Scholarship
Women have a low representation in engineering as well as other science, technology, and math (STEM) fields as compared to other professions – and retention rates for males in engineering significantly exceed those for women. While previous research has identified numerous reasons why women exit STEM careers at a higher rate than men, the literature is silent about those women who stay. To better understand why women remain in corporate engineering professions despite well-researched and well-documented organizational and occupational obstacles that make it difficult for them to succeed, a qualitative study is proposed based on semi-structured interviews with both women …
Managing The Mission Through Times Of Adversity: What Leads To Highly Reliable Performance?, Kathleen Roche
Managing The Mission Through Times Of Adversity: What Leads To Highly Reliable Performance?, Kathleen Roche
Student Scholarship
During times of severe economic adversity, nonprofit managers must lead their organizations and carry out their charitable missions to ever-growing and needier constituencies despite unpredictable endowment erosion, fewer contributions, less staff, and the most severe funding cuts most of them have ever experienced, or are prepared for. We propose research to explore which leadership skills and styles are most helpful and if reliance upon traditionality is a good indicator of endurance. By capturing the experiences of nonprofit leaders as they manage under conditions of duress, we will relate these factors to research about high reliability organizations, which have been found …
When Practice And Theory Conflict: Do Financial Incentives Influence Championing Behaviors In Mergers And Acquisitions?, Byron C. Clayton
When Practice And Theory Conflict: Do Financial Incentives Influence Championing Behaviors In Mergers And Acquisitions?, Byron C. Clayton
Student Scholarship
Successful mergers and acquisitions require its managers to achieve substantial performance improvements in order to sufficiently cover acquisition premiums, the expected return of debt and equity investors, and the additional resources needed to capture synergies and accelerate growth. Acquirers understand that achieving the performance improvements necessary to cover these costs and create value for investors will most likely require an incredible effort from M&A management teams. This understanding drives the common and longstanding practice of offering hefty performance incentive packages to key managers, assuming that incentives will induce behaviors that champion organizational change and growth. This practice is in direct …
Deconstructing Discovery: Diversity And Knowledge Sharing In Research Teams, Rebecca Minnillo
Deconstructing Discovery: Diversity And Knowledge Sharing In Research Teams, Rebecca Minnillo
Student Scholarship
The purpose of this research is to shed light on aspects of knowledge sharing that are productive in advancing innovation in scientific research. We report on a quantitative study of scientific research teams who presented their work at an international conference. We explore how internal and external knowledge sharing practices and structural diversity are associated with the production of innovative medical research. The ultimate goal of this project is to develop a model for use by knowledge generating organizations that will help accelerate the process of innovative discoveries.
Ethical Ideologies And Decision Making Among College Athletes, Mary-Beth A. Cooper
Ethical Ideologies And Decision Making Among College Athletes, Mary-Beth A. Cooper
Student Scholarship
Ethical decision making is a complex, yet timely topic for managers and consumers alike. In a collegiate setting, student athletes are scrutinized on and off the field not only for their athletic success but also for the ethical decisions they make that could change the course of their lives and the reputation of their institution. This research includes a survey covering over one thousand collegiate student athlete from the northeast who participated in a study determining the impact of ethical ideologies and social norms on their decision making. Specific constructs in the analysis include locus of control, ethical ideologies (idealism/relativism) …
Reconceptualizing Social Influence Mechanisms For Buyer-Seller Relationships, Stuart Strolin
Reconceptualizing Social Influence Mechanisms For Buyer-Seller Relationships, Stuart Strolin
Student Scholarship
Selling is a social activity in which bilateral influence is exchanged but ultimately where the seller seeks to influence the buyer. Previous work has investigated social influence in many forms and settings but has been of limited, practical use in B2B sales. This paper introduces new measures, derived from French and Ravens bases of power, which integrate ideas from social psychology and ideas grounded in business practice. These measures are tested in a theoretical model linking B2B social influence to trust and sales performance. This paper contributes to the existing understanding of B2B buyer-seller relationships in two ways. First, it …
Harnessing Opposing Forces To Achieve Organizational Ambidexterity, Radhashyam Giridharadas
Harnessing Opposing Forces To Achieve Organizational Ambidexterity, Radhashyam Giridharadas
Student Scholarship
Generating sustainable competitive advantage, a perennial challenge for managers, requires organizational ambidexterity--the ability to simultaneously align business units towards unified, corporate strategic goals and adapt to the challenges of the external environment. Prior research on the antecedents of ambidexterity has identified cohesive but distinct independent variables and posited inanimate organizational mediating mechanisms. This research contributes to the field in three ways. First, we examine how harnessing opposing forces can yield important synergistic benefits, by modeling the interaction of management practices of exploration and exploitation on the input side and of adapting and aligning on the output dimension. Second, we propose …
The Influence Of Team Health On Business Outcomes, Alexander Eksir
The Influence Of Team Health On Business Outcomes, Alexander Eksir
Student Scholarship
This study provides quantitative evidence for the feasibility of predicting business results by measuring the concept of Team Health and establishing a relationship with measures of team performance and business outcomes. Dimensions of Team Health are identified and evidence from the research literature on organization behavior and performance is presented to support the validity of the constructs. Mediated relationships among the outcome variables, also derived from research in organizational behavior, are hypothesized and tested. The measurement of Team Health is based on the responses to eleven of fifteen statements collected quarterly in a multi-national defense industry firm from all members …
Generative Characteristics As Antecedents Of Engagement, Thomas H. Carlson
Generative Characteristics As Antecedents Of Engagement, Thomas H. Carlson
Student Scholarship
Organizations and their members at all levels are increasingly expected to perform, adapt, and to do 'more with less'. Positive psychology and appreciative inquiry inform us that as organizations strive to become more productive, innovative, and agile their interests and objectives are well-served by understanding that they have at-hand greater capacity for performance and learning than perhaps they had realized. Positive psychology emphasizes the role of character strengths and virtues suggesting that individual characteristics, whether dispositional or acquired, differentiate between those who are better able to contribute to organizational performance and learning and those who are less so. Appreciative inquiry …
A Study Of The Impact Of Informational Complexity, Transparency And Stewardship On Decision Usefulness: The Users' Perspective, Chester H. Brearey
A Study Of The Impact Of Informational Complexity, Transparency And Stewardship On Decision Usefulness: The Users' Perspective, Chester H. Brearey
Student Scholarship
Calls for the reformation of financial reporting have exacerbated in recent years in light of a rapidly changing global investment climate and in the wake of a battered financial system. This study explored the interrelationships between informational complexity, transparency and stewardship on the usefulness of financial reporting. Empirical analyses was based on a survey of more than 650 executives to test hypotheses that informational complexity impairs judgment through decision-makers' strategy selection; that transparency captures the timeliness, interpretation, and dissemination of financial reporting that leads to a more informed market; and that there is a stewardship demand to report on the …
Unraveling Adaptive Selling: An Empirical Analysis Of Underlying Relational Behaviors, Ganesh Kumar
Unraveling Adaptive Selling: An Empirical Analysis Of Underlying Relational Behaviors, Ganesh Kumar
Student Scholarship
Adaptive selling capabilities enable salespeople achieve success with their customers. Despite numerous studies, there is very little understanding on the mechanisms salespeople use to adapt to various selling situations. Current sales management practices overlook a salesperson's capability to craft customer specific sales strategies, relying excessively on end-results and activities based controls. This paper aims to increase knowledge by conceptualizing relational behaviors as trust building and value creating efforts, and measuring adaptive selling as a salesperson's capacity to vary these behaviors depending on customer relationships. Our empirical analysis establishes a positive link between trust building behaviors and sales effectiveness and performance …
How Does Emotional Intelligence And Shared Vision Affect Teamwork Performance?, Ed Mahon
How Does Emotional Intelligence And Shared Vision Affect Teamwork Performance?, Ed Mahon
Student Scholarship
There is a vast literature on the emotional intelligence (EI) of individuals, but comparatively little on team EI. We report findings of a qualitative inquiry involving 36 members of twelve IT teams – half of them effective and half less so – to explore the relationship between team EI and team performance. Trust, conflict resolution skills and team communication are seen to differentiate effective and less effective teams, as is the ability to adapt shared vision to changes in project specification. The research supports that the teams possess emotional intelligence and that it powerfully influences how they function and to …