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Articles 361 - 390 of 402

Full-Text Articles in Business

Antecedents And Effects Of Perceived Age Discrimination Against Employees Under 40, Eileen Kwesiga May 2006

Antecedents And Effects Of Perceived Age Discrimination Against Employees Under 40, Eileen Kwesiga

Management Dissertations - Archive

Over the past decade, much of the organizational literature has used age-associated stereotypes and the age context of jobs to explain the occurrence of age discrimination against older workers (e. g., Cleveland & Landy, 1983; Cleveland & Shore, 1992; Goldberg, Finkelstein, Perry & Konrad, 2004; Gordon, Rozelle & Baxter, 1988b; Rosen & Jerdee, 1976). However, legislation covering age discrimination and most of the management literature has overlooked the existence, significance, and effects of age discrimination against younger employees. Because previous age diversity research has overwhelmingly focused on older workers, younger workers are an important group about whom we know little. …

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Effects Of Legitimacy, Agency, And Business Risk On Board Structure In Initial Public Offering Firms: The Moderating Impact Of Ceo Incentive Alignment, Ceo Power, And Stock Market Conditions, Yousuf Hamed Al-Busaidi May 2006

Effects Of Legitimacy, Agency, And Business Risk On Board Structure In Initial Public Offering Firms: The Moderating Impact Of Ceo Incentive Alignment, Ceo Power, And Stock Market Conditions, Yousuf Hamed Al-Busaidi

Business Administration Dissertations - Archive

Board structure is generally seen as a means for acquiring resources, monitoring managerial behaviors, and enhancing firm legitimacy. Further, it is believed that the capacity of the board of directors to accomplish the above would improve with increasing outsider ratio, separation of CEO/chairman positions, and increasing board size. Previous studies found that an independent board plays an essential role in the long-term success of the firm. The role of the board is even more crucial during the firm's transformation from a privately held to a public company (i.e., Initial Pubic Offering). This study investigated the influence of IPO firms' risk …

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Place Attachment: An Investigation Of Environments And Outcomes In A Service Context, Elisabeth Deanne Brocato May 2006

Place Attachment: An Investigation Of Environments And Outcomes In A Service Context, Elisabeth Deanne Brocato

Business Administration Dissertations - Archive

Place attachment refers to the process of human-place bonding; the bonding process includes both physical and social ties formed within an environment. This dissertation engages in a detailed investigation of the dimensions of place attachment within a service environment by drawing on literature from human ecology, environmental psychology, sociology, services research and various other disciplines. The research seeks to establish place attachment as a multidimensional construct consisting of affective attachment, place identity, place dependence, and social bonds. These dimensions are first investigated through a place attachment scale development process. The construct of place attachment is further investigated in a services …

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Incorporating An Affective Component To A Cognitive Model Of Brand Switching Barriers, Michael Thomas Richarme Apr 2006

Incorporating An Affective Component To A Cognitive Model Of Brand Switching Barriers, Michael Thomas Richarme

Marketing Dissertations - Archive

Customer retention is an important goal of business. It has been shown in a general model of brand switching that consumers utilize internal assessments of satisfaction and brand switching barriers to reach brand selection decisions. Satisfaction is a complex construct, and has been studied extensively for the past several decades. However, this construct only accounts for approximately a quarter of explained variance in the customer retention construct. Brand switching barriers have not been studied extensively, though they have recently been shown to account for up to 30 percent of variance in the same dependent construct. Thus, a better understanding of …

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Measuring Information Systems Delivery Quality., Johannes "Han" Reichgelt, Evan W. Duggan Jan 2006

Measuring Information Systems Delivery Quality., Johannes "Han" Reichgelt, Evan W. Duggan

Faculty Books

Currently, there is neither a commonly-accepted definition of information systems (IS) quality nor a convergence of perspectives on quality approaches. The IS community has focused on the various contributions of people, delivery processes, development philosophies and methods. Measuring Information Systems Delivery Quality represents a spotlight on IS quality that represents the efforts of authors from several countries across the globe. Despite this diversity, this book reflects the common position that improving objective knowledge of potentially quality-enhancing methods is far more likely to assist the production of high-quality software than experimentation with each new gadget. Measuring Information Systems Delivery Quality provides …

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"When Are The Japanese Japanese?" Negotiating Japanese Cultural Identity In A Japan-Us Binational Organization, Noriko Yagi Jan 2006

"When Are The Japanese Japanese?" Negotiating Japanese Cultural Identity In A Japan-Us Binational Organization, Noriko Yagi

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Based on a seven-month ethnographic study in a Japanese subsidiary in the US located in Southern California, this research describes when the organization members categorized as the Japanese are Japanese. One of the purposes of the research is to challenge the widely held assumption in the body of international business research that every organization member from a certain nation is under the influence of the national culture all the time in terms of its impact on their behavior, cognition and emotive expressions. This research brings the assumption that an individual could have multiple cultural identities into the analysis. Under this …

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Differences Between Women And Minority Businesses And Nonminority Businesses: A Culture-Based Explanation, Eva Dodd-Walker Dec 2005

Differences Between Women And Minority Businesses And Nonminority Businesses: A Culture-Based Explanation, Eva Dodd-Walker

Management Dissertations - Archive

As the American workforce is buffeted by industries that are downsizing, requesting pay concessions and relocating production to foreign countries with lower factor costs, politicians and union representatives wave the flag of protectionism and explain the state of affairs in terms of a lack of national competitiveness. Porter (1990) links national competitiveness to the competitiveness of the nation's companies, asserting that this competitiveness is achieved through acts of innovation. According to the Small Business Administration (SBA), small business has become the dominant economic force in the United States again (U.S. SBA, 2000), producing 47 percent of all American sales, 51 …

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The Impact Of Property Flipping On Single Family Detached Home Prices, Wesley H. English Nov 2005

The Impact Of Property Flipping On Single Family Detached Home Prices, Wesley H. English

Business Administration Theses - Archive

In 2003 HUD ruled that flipped properties, which are defined as recently acquired properties that have been resold, often within days, and for a substantial profit, are ineligible for FHA insured mortgage financing. This research uses the HUD ruling as the basis for this study. Their ruling was based on the perception that property flipping had a negative effect on home prices among other things. The study uses hedonic modeling to empirically determine if houses that have previously flipped have any influence on value when compared to the non-flipped properties in the same market. Through a regression analysis, it is …

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Stock Options: To Expense Or Not To Expense. A Comparison Of Economic Determinants, Firm Payoffs, And Pay-Performance Sensitivity Of Executive Stock Option Compensation, Barbara Wood Nov 2005

Stock Options: To Expense Or Not To Expense. A Comparison Of Economic Determinants, Firm Payoffs, And Pay-Performance Sensitivity Of Executive Stock Option Compensation, Barbara Wood

Finance and Real Estate Dissertations - Archive

Until June 2005, firms had a choice in accounting for stock option compensation. The majority of firms elected to disclose option compensation expense in the footnotes of their financial statements. However, after the accounting scandals in the early 2000s, many firms moved from disclosing the expense to recognizing the expense as a charge against earnings. This research examines the reasons that firms would voluntarily elect to adopt option recognition prior to regulatory requirement. The decision to recognize option pay is examined with respect to efficient contracting, earnings management, and information signaling. Firms that elect to expense option pay do so …

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Multinational Strategies As Options Creation And Exercise: An Analysis Of Country, Industry, And Firm Specific Characteristics, Nattharika Rittippant Aug 2005

Multinational Strategies As Options Creation And Exercise: An Analysis Of Country, Industry, And Firm Specific Characteristics, Nattharika Rittippant

Management Dissertations - Archive

This study investigates international expansion strategies using a real options framework. Decisions to enter foreign markets and their subsequent decision to increase, delay or abandon their commitments are both predicted and evaluated from an options perspective. More specifically, this study attempts to answer the following two questions: (i) How do macro-environmental, industry and firm specific factors impact the real option process of a multinational enterprise (MNE)? (ii) How does the market react to the different option choices? The real options process from the creation of an option to its subsequent exercise was examined along with market reactions following the announcements …

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Ethnography As Research Methodology For International Business Studies : Its Complementary Role To The Methodology Based On A Positivistic Paradigm, Noriko Yagi Jan 2005

Ethnography As Research Methodology For International Business Studies : Its Complementary Role To The Methodology Based On A Positivistic Paradigm, Noriko Yagi

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

A goal of this paper is to introduce ethnography to the Japanese audience as research methodology for international business studies. Ethnography is defined as the study of describing a culture of a group of people. In the United States, ethnography has been established as one of the research methods in organizational studies. This does not apply to Japan, however. Thus, the paper aims to fill the void and inform the Japanese audience about how ethnography can contribute extending our understanding of the complexity of international cross-cultural management. The paper begins with outlining characteristics of ethnography in comparison to research methodology …

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Virtual Work, Priscilla Arling Jan 2005

Virtual Work, Priscilla Arling

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Priscillla Arling's Contribution to The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Management: Management Information Systems

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Being There Versus Being Wired: The Effect Of Colocation On Social Capital In Distributed Teams, Priscilla Arling, Mani Subramani Jan 2005

Being There Versus Being Wired: The Effect Of Colocation On Social Capital In Distributed Teams, Priscilla Arling, Mani Subramani

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Advancement in communication technologies continues to fuel the growth of geographically distributed teams. Managers and team members have expressed concerns about negative impacts when individuals work at a distance from each other since such changes in work structure can affect social interactions among individuals in teams. The social relationships, shared experiences, and ongoing interpersonal interactions that often arise from colocation are recognized as contributing to the social capital of individuals. In this paper, we examine how working in a distributed team, a feature that influences the extent to which team members are colocated, affects the level of individual social capital. …

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The English Patient: A Model Of Patient Perceptions Of Triage In An Urgent Care Department In England, Jeffrey A. Miles, Stefanie E. Naumann Jan 2004

The English Patient: A Model Of Patient Perceptions Of Triage In An Urgent Care Department In England, Jeffrey A. Miles, Stefanie E. Naumann

Eberhardt School of Business Faculty Articles

We present research examining the role of organizational justice in the perceptions of patients visiting the urgent care department of a hospital. Patients' perceptions of uncertainty were found to mediate the relationship between waiting time and satisfaction and between waiting time and anger. Further, waiting time was significantly negatively related to procedural justice perceptions. Procedural justice perceptions were significantly positively related to distributive justice perceptions, which in turn, were significantly positively associated with satisfaction. We discuss the implications concerning managing the attitudes of waiting customers.

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The Relationship Between Organizational Ethical Culture And The Ethical Behavior Of Employees: A Study Of Accounting And Finance Professionals In The Insurance Industry Of United States, Akwasi Ampofo, Bahaudin G. Mujtaba, Frank J. Cavico, Laura Tindall Jan 2004

The Relationship Between Organizational Ethical Culture And The Ethical Behavior Of Employees: A Study Of Accounting And Finance Professionals In The Insurance Industry Of United States, Akwasi Ampofo, Bahaudin G. Mujtaba, Frank J. Cavico, Laura Tindall

HCBE Faculty Articles

This study explores the relationship between organizational ethical culture and ethical behavior of accounting/finance professionals working in the insurance industry in the United States. Results of 100 respondents in five different insurance organizations suggest that there is a significant relationship between organizational ethical culture and ethical behavioral intentions given bad debt write off and insider trading ethical vignettes. This was consistent with prior research findings that written (formal) and unwritten (informal) organizational policies significantly affect employees' ethical decision-making (Sims and Keon, 2000 & 1997). Key (1999) also argued that organizational culture sends messages as to sanctioned and unsanctioned behavior.

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Real Exchange Rates Over The Past Two Centuries: How Important Is The Harrod-Balassa-Samuelson Effect?, James R. Lothian, Mark P. Taylor Jan 2003

Real Exchange Rates Over The Past Two Centuries: How Important Is The Harrod-Balassa-Samuelson Effect?, James R. Lothian, Mark P. Taylor

CRIF Seminar series

Using long-span data on the dollar-sterling and dollar-franc real exchange rates over the past two centuries, we apply the findings of various strands of the recent literature in order to examine the statistical and economic significance of the Harrod-Balassa-Samuelson effect (the effect of productivity differentials on real exchange rates) in a nonlinear context while allowing for shifts in volatility across nominal exchange rate regimes, and the implications for the speed of adjustment. The results indicate significant nonlinearity and volatility shifts corresponding broadly to the classical Gold Standard and Bretton Woods periods, as well as a statistically significant Harrod-Balassa-Samuelson effect, although …

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Quality Management, Supply Chain Management, And Just In Time: A Model Of Their Impact On Business Performance, Vijay R. Kannan, K. C. Tan Jan 2002

Quality Management, Supply Chain Management, And Just In Time: A Model Of Their Impact On Business Performance, Vijay R. Kannan, K. C. Tan

Management Faculty Publications

Just in time, quality management, and supply chain management have in recent years been proposed as means of improving product quality and responsiveness, while simultaneously reducing cost. The three can also be used as complementary elements of an integrated strategy aimed at improving an organization's competitiveness. This study proposes and tests a structural equation model that examines linkages between just in time, quality management, supply chain management and supplier management, and their impact on business performance. Results show that while just in time, quality and supply chain management efforts are indeed mutually supportive, it is a firm's efforts in the …

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The Meaning Of Property Rights: Law Versus Economics? , Daniel H. Cole, Peter Z. Grossman Jan 2002

The Meaning Of Property Rights: Law Versus Economics? , Daniel H. Cole, Peter Z. Grossman

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Property rights are fundamentals to economic analysis. There is, however, no consensus in the economic literature about what property rights are. Economists define them variously and inconsistently, sometimes in ways that deviate from the conventional understandings of legal scholars and judges. This article explores ways in which definitions of property rights in the economic literature diverge from conventional legal understandings, and how those divergences can create interdisciplinary confusion and bias economic analyses. Indeed, some economists' idiosyncratic definitions of property rights, if used to guide policy, could lead to suboptimal economic outcomes.

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The Use Of The Concept "Entitlement" In Management Literature: A Historical Review, Synthesis, And Discussion Of Compensation Policy Implications, Stefanie E. Naumann, Barbara D. Minsky, Michael C. Sturman Jan 2002

The Use Of The Concept "Entitlement" In Management Literature: A Historical Review, Synthesis, And Discussion Of Compensation Policy Implications, Stefanie E. Naumann, Barbara D. Minsky, Michael C. Sturman

Eberhardt School of Business Faculty Articles

Individuals' perceptions of what they are entitled to have long been regarded as an important area of debate. We examine the various uses of entitlement perceptions across fields to develop a typology that identifies two dimensions: employee entitlement perceptions and reciprocity in the employee-employer relationship. We discuss how our typology informs management practice. In particular, we describe the implications of our typology on employee reactions to different pay plans. Directions for future research are suggested. © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

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The Existence Of Gender-Specific Promotion Standards In The U.S., Kathy Paulson Gjerde Jan 2002

The Existence Of Gender-Specific Promotion Standards In The U.S., Kathy Paulson Gjerde

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

This paper is motivated by the claim that promotion probabilities are lower for women than men. Using data from the 1984 and 1989 National Longitudinal Youth Surveys, this paper tests this claim and two related hypotheses concerning training and ability. It is found that females are less likely to be promoted than males, and females receive less training than males. The relationship between promotion and gender varies across occupations, however, suggesting that the alleged glass ceiling faced by women and other minorities in the workplace is not uniform across all labor markets.

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Toward A Total-Cost Approach To Environmental Instrument Choice, Daniel H. Cole, Peter Z. Grossman Jan 2002

Toward A Total-Cost Approach To Environmental Instrument Choice, Daniel H. Cole, Peter Z. Grossman

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Much of the theoretical literature on environmental instrument reflects a normative presumption that only "economic" instruments, such as effluent taxes or tradable quotas, can produce an efficient outcome. Other potential alternatives, such as non-tradable quotas or more general Pigovian taxes are ruled out as inherently inefficient. Moreover, most of the literature relies on an important but unwarranted presumption: that cost and benefit functions, although they may be subject to uncertainty, are identical regardless of the regime that is chosen; that is price and quota systems are assumed to face the same cost and benefit curves with the same expected values. …

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Mexican Peso Futures And Exchange Rate Volatility, Roberto Curci, Cynthia J. Brown Jan 2002

Mexican Peso Futures And Exchange Rate Volatility, Roberto Curci, Cynthia J. Brown

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

The reintroduction of Mexican peso futures contracts in April 1995 resulted from a refocus of governmental policy to the use of market-based mechanisms to stabilize the exchange rate. Interest in the Mexican peso future contracts has been high as investors look to manage their exposure from transactions and investments denominated in pesos. This study utilizes a VAR framework to analyze the relationship between the volatility in theMexican peso spot market and futures contracts trading activity. Shocks to the exchange rate volatility lead to increased hedging-type activity. Furthermore, an increase in futures contracts trading activity (reflecting additional speculation-type activity) results in …

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The Value Of Achievement And Responses To The Work Environment, Cheryl L. Adkins, Stefanie E. Naumann Jan 2002

The Value Of Achievement And Responses To The Work Environment, Cheryl L. Adkins, Stefanie E. Naumann

Eberhardt School of Business Faculty Articles

The value of achievement has long been thought to relate to job performance; however, we still do not fully understand the process through which this occurs. The present study examined the relationship between achievement and responses to the work environment. Five-hundred-twenty- four sales and service agents at a major firm in the transportation industry participated in the study. Achievement was positively related to perceptions of the work environment, satisfaction with intrinsic aspects of the job, job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and performance. The findings suggest that achievement may serve as a “lens” through which the work environment is viewed.

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The Effects Of Incentives And Audits On Transfer Price Negotiations In A Deflationary Context, Sakthi Mahenthiran Jan 2001

The Effects Of Incentives And Audits On Transfer Price Negotiations In A Deflationary Context, Sakthi Mahenthiran

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

This laboratory experiment investigates the effects of a performance incentive scheme and financial audit threats on transfer price negotiations. Three hypotheses are developed, based on a review of transfer pricing, budget-goal setting, incentive, and auditing literatures. Experimental data are gathered over multiple periods of negotiations from forty-eight students, and are analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. The outcome measured is firm profits. The results show that bonus incentive scheme and audit threats have no effect on firm profits. However, the interaction between the performance based bonus incentive scheme and an audit threat is significant. With both management controls, bonus incentive and …

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The Cumulative Effects Of Justice Perceptions, Jeffrey A. Miles, Stefanie E. Naumann Jan 2000

The Cumulative Effects Of Justice Perceptions, Jeffrey A. Miles, Stefanie E. Naumann

Eberhardt School of Business Faculty Articles

We report some evidence that justice perceptions may be cumulative, or act together to bolster or undermine other perceptions. In several instances, procedural and distributive justice perceptions about one procedure were different for those reading about only one procedure and outcome versus those who read about that situation and a second situation. Evidence was also found that individuals may average justice perceptions together for two procedures when forming overall fairness and satisfaction perceptions.

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A Case For Procedural Justice Climate: Development And Test Of A Multilevel Model, Stefanie E. Naumann, Nathan Bennett Jan 2000

A Case For Procedural Justice Climate: Development And Test Of A Multilevel Model, Stefanie E. Naumann, Nathan Bennett

Eberhardt School of Business Faculty Articles

Current conceptualizations of procedural justice focus largely on the individual level of analysis; no framework exists for examining procedural justice's social context. Empirical tests reported here offer some support for group-level and cross-level hypotheses. Work group perceptions of cohesion and supervisor visibility in demonstrating procedural justice were associated with the development of procedural justice climate. Procedural justice climate was positively associated with helping behaviors after the effects of individual procedural justice perceptions were controlled for.

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Understanding Research On Values In Business: A Level Of Analysis Framework, Bradley R. Agle, Craig B. Caldwell Jan 1999

Understanding Research On Values In Business: A Level Of Analysis Framework, Bradley R. Agle, Craig B. Caldwell

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Researchers in all management specialties have discussed and investigated the important role values play in personal and organizational phenomena. However, because research on values has been performed in a wide range of social science disciplines and at different levels of analysis, much of thiswork has been uninformed by other work and is neither well integrated nor systematized, resulting in a great deal of confusion concerning the topic. This article attempts to add order and clarity to this area of research by proposing a framework of values research based on level of analysis and by cataloguing and reviewing the vast theoretical …

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Organizational Configurations And Performance: A Meta-Analysis, David J. Ketchen, James G. Combs, Craig J. Russell, Chris Shook, Michelle A. Dean, Janet Runge, Franz T. Lohrke, Stefanie E. Naumann, Dawn Ebe Haptonstahl, Robert Baker, Brenden A. Beckstein, Charles Handler, Heather Honig, Stephen Lamoureux Jan 1997

Organizational Configurations And Performance: A Meta-Analysis, David J. Ketchen, James G. Combs, Craig J. Russell, Chris Shook, Michelle A. Dean, Janet Runge, Franz T. Lohrke, Stefanie E. Naumann, Dawn Ebe Haptonstahl, Robert Baker, Brenden A. Beckstein, Charles Handler, Heather Honig, Stephen Lamoureux

Eberhardt School of Business Faculty Articles

The link between organizational configurations and performance has become a central and somewhat controversial focus of research in the strategic management literature. We statistically aggregated results from 40 original tests of the configurations-performance relationship. In contrast to previous qualitative reviews, this meta-analysis demonstrated that an organization's performance is partially explained by its configuration. Tests of four potential moderators showed that organizations' configurations contributed more to performance explanation to the extent that studies used (1) broad definitions of configurations, (2) single-industry samples, and (3) longitudinal designs. Results highlight the need for programmatic research.

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Implementing Business Ethics In Large British Organisations, Russell Abratt, Nicola Higgs Mar 1995

Implementing Business Ethics In Large British Organisations, Russell Abratt, Nicola Higgs

HCBE Faculty Articles

Much attention has been paid to ethics in the realm of business where it is believed that a company should focus not only on the development of ethical business policies, but the implementation thereof as well. While ethical behaviour in business has been accepted, the implementation of ethical policies is proving to be difficult. In this article we firstly review the business ethics implementation literature with a particular focus on codes of conduct. We then present results from a study of British companies, commenting on methods of fostering ethical behaviour, the use of formal codes of ethics, management's involvement in …

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Domestic Monopoly, Quotas & Contestable Rents, William Rieber Jan 1993

Domestic Monopoly, Quotas & Contestable Rents, William Rieber

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

In this article, a specific example is given to illustrate that rent seeking can raise welfare under full seeking in general equilibrium: an import quota is levied in the presence of domestic monopoly in the import competing industry. An import quota is considered instead of an import tariff since a tariff confers no market power on the local monopolist. The monopolist still faces a perfectly elastic demand, corresponding now to the world price plus tariff. The introduction of monopoly does not add another distortion to the economy, which is necessary if full rent seeking is to be welfare improving. But …

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