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Full-Text Articles in Business

Applying Systems Thinking To Knowledge Management Systems: The Case Of Pratt-Whitney Rocketdyne, Mark Chun, Kiho Sohn, Priscilla Arling, Nelson Granados Jan 2009

Applying Systems Thinking To Knowledge Management Systems: The Case Of Pratt-Whitney Rocketdyne, Mark Chun, Kiho Sohn, Priscilla Arling, Nelson Granados

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

This paper describes Pratt-Whitney Rocketdyne's (PWR) use of a systems thinking methodology to define and improve knowledge management (KM) within the firm. Using systems thinking, the company identified and changed key behaviors within the KM environment and effectively established a generative learning environment. This manuscript is one of the first papers that analyzes and reports a real-world application of the systems thinking methodology to improve KM practices. We first review systems thinking concepts and adapt them to the KM context. We then present the case study of the application of systems thinking to KM at PWR. Finally, we use an …


Trade Usage And Disclaiming Consequential Damages: The Implications For Just-In-Time Purchasing, Robert B. Bennett Jan 2009

Trade Usage And Disclaiming Consequential Damages: The Implications For Just-In-Time Purchasing, Robert B. Bennett

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

This article reports on trade, business, and industries in Japan in 2009. The article discusses industrial changes and growth in Japan, noting aspects of manufacturing such as marketing, purchasing, accounting, and human resources management. The article also describes the production management technique Just-In-Time (JIT) which emphasizes demand, limited production runs, quick setup, quality control, and reduced inventory and waste. Information is also provided on supply contracts, damages, lawsuits, and appeals.


Acceptance Of Systems Development Methodologies: Testing A Theoretically Integrated Model, Nancy A. Bonner Sep 2008

Acceptance Of Systems Development Methodologies: Testing A Theoretically Integrated Model, Nancy A. Bonner

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

Industry reports continue to portray a dismal picture of software development project success. Software projects continue to be over budget, overdue and lacking in quality and desired functionality. A variety of innovative methodologies and tools have been introduced to aid in improving the software development process. However, there has been reluctance to commit to their usage. The goal of this research is to examine the reasons a software developer makes a commitment to use a given development methodology. We used a theoretically integrated approach to study this phenomenon, drawing on theories from the fields of marketing as well as psychology. …


Ua7 Ored Quarterly Newsletter, Sadiq Shah Sep 2008

Ua7 Ored Quarterly Newsletter, Sadiq Shah

ORED Quarterly Newsletter

Connecting Knowledge with Businesses and Society to Promote Economic Growth and to Enhance the Quality of Life


Panel I: Earning More By Using Less: Businesses, Efficiency, And Renewable Energy, Janet Napolitano, Jim Murren, Jon Creyts, Michael Yackira, Rhone Resch Aug 2008

Panel I: Earning More By Using Less: Businesses, Efficiency, And Renewable Energy, Janet Napolitano, Jim Murren, Jon Creyts, Michael Yackira, Rhone Resch

National Clean Energy Summit

Panel discussion Moderator: Randolph Townsend, Nevada State Senator


Why Do People Engage In Social Computing? A Need Fulfillment Perspective, Vishal Sachdev Aug 2008

Why Do People Engage In Social Computing? A Need Fulfillment Perspective, Vishal Sachdev

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

With the trend towards social interaction over the Internet and the popularity of websites such as Myspace, Facebook and Youtube among others, practitioners and researchers are motivated to explain the sudden surge in user interest, in a phenomenon that we term, Social Computing. We seek to research the question: "Why do people engage in Social Computing?" The motivation is to determine some of the underlying human psychological factors that are driving this phenomenon. Towards this end, we propose a reformulation of the interactivity construct by suggesting new dimensions of interactivity that are unique to social computing. With this reformulated interactivity …


Ua7 Ored Quarterly Newsletter, Sadiq Shah Jul 2008

Ua7 Ored Quarterly Newsletter, Sadiq Shah

ORED Quarterly Newsletter

Connecting Knowledge with Businesses and Society to Promote Economic Growth and to Enhance the Quality of Life


A Study Of Foreign Earnings Management Using An Empirical Distribution Approach, Nancy Manzhen Fan Jun 2008

A Study Of Foreign Earnings Management Using An Empirical Distribution Approach, Nancy Manzhen Fan

Accounting Dissertations - Archive

Effective January 1, 1998, SFAS 131 changed the way managers voluntarily disclose business, geographic and operating segments of their companies. Reporting geographic segments is specifically related to the reporting of overseas operations of multinational companies. This study analyzes the possibility of earnings management in foreign earnings and how SFAS 131 might have changed the patterns of foreign earnings distribution. I use an empirical distribution approach outlined by Burgstahler and Dichev (1997) in examining whether foreign earnings are managed to avoid earnings decreases and losses. Results show that foreign earnings are managed to avoid losses but not earnings decreases. In addition, …


The Impact Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002 On The U.S. Financial Markets, Sheryl-Ann Kathleen Stephen May 2008

The Impact Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002 On The U.S. Financial Markets, Sheryl-Ann Kathleen Stephen

Finance and Real Estate Dissertations - Archive

This dissertation examines the impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) on the U. S. financial markets by investigating three topics: security analysts' performance, security analyst monitoring activity and firm value, and the cost of equity capital. Each topic is presented in a separate essay. In the first essay, the impact of SOX on security analysts' performance is investigated. The findings indicate that security analysts' forecasting performance has deteriorated post-SOX for both large and small firms. In addition, this deterioration in forecasting performance holds across industries. Security analysts have also become pessimistic in their earnings forecasts post-SOX. The second essay examines …


Comparative Determinants Of International Equity Diversification, Ying Zhang May 2008

Comparative Determinants Of International Equity Diversification, Ying Zhang

Finance and Real Estate Dissertations - Archive

This study provides a comprehensive, simultaneous comparison of the country and sector determinants of international diversification. Specifically, it bridges the theory between the cointegration methodology and diversification by linking market integration, cointegration and portfolio diversification. Cointegration tests are conducted to both analyze the stationarity of country and industry index covariances and to dissect the diversification contributions of each component. Portfolios comprised of market indices independent of cointegrating relations produce, on average, better risk-return profiles than those constructed from cointegrated market indices. Although country and sector allocations both contribute to independent market portfolio gains, the diversification determinants have differential impact on …


The Impact Of Information Technology On Small, Medium, And Large Hospitals: Quality, Safety, And Financial Metrics, Stacy Alicia Bourgeois Roberts Apr 2008

The Impact Of Information Technology On Small, Medium, And Large Hospitals: Quality, Safety, And Financial Metrics, Stacy Alicia Bourgeois Roberts

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

This study focuses on the role of information technologies in healthcare, and investigates the relationship of IT sophistication to patient safety, healthcare quality, and financial performance in Texas acute care hospitals. A value/supply chain perspective guides the development of a general model that integrates hospitals' IT sophistication with their patient and financial outcomes. From the model emerge hypotheses that are tested using the structural equation modeling approach, taking into account differences in outcomes across small, medium, and large hospitals. Our testing and comparisons give insight into the dynamics of health information technology and provide specific direction for practitioners and future …


The Effect Of Leadership Style On Cio Effectiveness, Kishen Parthasarathy Iyengar Apr 2008

The Effect Of Leadership Style On Cio Effectiveness, Kishen Parthasarathy Iyengar

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

While IS researchers have often opined that leadership is important, a theoretical examination of leadership in the CIO context is lacking. We examine Leadership style in the light of the transformational leadership theory and its impact on organizational level variables such as CIO Role Effectiveness and IT ambidexterity, and individual level variables such as Leader-Member Exchange Relationship and the subordinate's general job satisfaction. Results indicate that contingent rewarding style impacted CIO role effectiveness, which in turn predicted IT ambidexterity. Transformational leadership was the strongest predictor of Leader-Member Exchange relationship, which in turn impacted job satisfaction.


A Comparison Of Traditional And Active Learning Methods: An Empirical Investigation Utilizing A Linear Mixed Model, David Weltman Apr 2008

A Comparison Of Traditional And Active Learning Methods: An Empirical Investigation Utilizing A Linear Mixed Model, David Weltman

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

This research aims to understand what types of learners (business school students) benefit most and what type of learners may not benefit at all from active learning methods. It is hypothesized that different types of students will achieve different levels of proficiency based on the teaching method. Several types of student characteristics are analyzed: grade point average, learning style, age, gender, and ethnicity. Three topics (in the introductory business statistics course) and five instructors covering seven class sections are used with three different experimental teaching methods. Method topic combinations are randomly assigned to class sections so that each student in …


An Adaptive Reputation-Based Trust Model For Intelligent Agents In E-Marketplace, Liangjun You Apr 2008

An Adaptive Reputation-Based Trust Model For Intelligent Agents In E-Marketplace, Liangjun You

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

In the emerging Electronic Marketplace, intelligent agents that are reactive, proactive and social will become the major players. These intelligent agents will search for good deals, evaluate trading partners and eventually provide advice on or even make decisions on transactions for their principals. To this end, it is vitally important for the agents to be able to precisely estimate the trust of the business partners to make successful deals. This dissertation proposes an adaptive reputation-based trust model which can be utilized by intelligent agents in an open Electronic Marketplace, where the seller agents and buyer agents can enter and leave …


Ua7 Ored Quarterly Newsletter, Sadiq Shah Apr 2008

Ua7 Ored Quarterly Newsletter, Sadiq Shah

ORED Quarterly Newsletter

Connecting Knowledge with Businesses and Society to Promote Economic Growth and to Enhance the Quality of Life


Essays On Asset Pricing And Growth Effect, Wikrom Prombutr Apr 2008

Essays On Asset Pricing And Growth Effect, Wikrom Prombutr

Finance and Real Estate Dissertations - Archive

This dissertation comprises two essays on growth effects and opportunities experienced by companies and their implications for asset pricing models. In the first essay, I develop and test a model to explain the empirically observed value-growth stock return effect using real options theory. I simulate results from a real options model for two firm types. One type, the "value" firm, has a single growth opportunity. The other type, the "growth" firm, has infinitely repeated growth opportunities. Growth firms: (1) invest sooner, (2) pursue less lumpy investment paths, (3) have lower book-to-market ratios, and (4) generate lower rates of return than …


Institutional Distance And Foreign Ipo Performance: The Moderating Effects Of Governance And Organizational Capabilities, Robert Greg Bell Apr 2008

Institutional Distance And Foreign Ipo Performance: The Moderating Effects Of Governance And Organizational Capabilities, Robert Greg Bell

Management Dissertations - Archive

To date scholars have examined a wide range of factors which impact the ability of firms to raise optimum levels of equity capital in their domestic markets. However, little attention has been paid to the growing number of new listings of foreign firms in Western markets. When firms attempt to raise capital in foreign markets through an IPO, firm characteristics alone fail to provide a complete explanation for the success or failure of a new issue. This study investigates how the institutional profile and legal framework of a country can interact with certain firm-level governance and organizational capabilities to enable …


Does Shareholder-Sponsored Corporate Governance Proposal Matter? The Case Of Executive Compensation, Xu Wang Mar 2008

Does Shareholder-Sponsored Corporate Governance Proposal Matter? The Case Of Executive Compensation, Xu Wang

Accounting Dissertations - Archive

This study investigates the role of shareholder-sponsored corporate governance proposals in monitoring top management compensation. In particular, I test whether theories of agency costs, corporate governance, and optimal contracting can explain why shareholders submit executive-pay proposals, and examine the economic consequences of these shareholder proposals for the targeted firms. I find that firms are more likely to receive performance-oriented shareholder executive-pay proposals when the firms have higher agency costs, stronger shareholder rights, or higher unexpected executive compensation. Shareholder executive-pay proposals gain more voting support from shareholders if the proposals are performance-oriented (than non-performance-oriented), sponsored by pension or union funds (than …


Ua7 Ored Quarterly Newsletter, Sadiq Shah Jan 2008

Ua7 Ored Quarterly Newsletter, Sadiq Shah

ORED Quarterly Newsletter

Connecting Knowledge with Businesses and Society to Promote Economic Growth and to Enhance the Quality of Life


Institutions Matter: Why The Herder Problem Is Not A Prisoner's Dilemma, Daniel H. C., Peter Z. Grossman Jan 2008

Institutions Matter: Why The Herder Problem Is Not A Prisoner's Dilemma, Daniel H. C., Peter Z. Grossman

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

In the game theory literature, Garrett Hardin’s famous allegory of the “tragedy of the commons” has been modeled as a variant of the Prisoner’s Dilemma, labeled the Herder Problem (or, sometimes, the Commons Dilemma). This brief paper argues that important differences in the institutional structures of the standard Prisoner’s Dilemma and Herder Problem render the two games different in kind. Specifically, institutional impediments to communication and cooperation that ensure a dominant strategy of defection in the classic Prisoner’s Dilemma are absent in the Herder Problem. Their absence does not ensure that players will achieve a welfare-enhancing, cooperative solution to the …


A Two-Order Effect Model Of It Business Value: Theoretical Development And Empirical Test, Vishnu Vinekar Sep 2007

A Two-Order Effect Model Of It Business Value: Theoretical Development And Empirical Test, Vishnu Vinekar

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

A new model for IT Business Value is proposed and empirically validated from longitudinal panel data. We posit that IT has a first-order effect that includes automating, and a second-order effect that is more dependent on informating. Our empirical results demonstrate that IT's contribution to firm performance is mediated via its impacts on productivity, which corresponds to the first-order effect. We further developed and validated a complex but parsimonious moderated-mediation model to show that these paths to business value from IT vary depending on industry information intensity, environmental dynamism, and environmental munificence.


Electronic Reserves And The Failed Confu Guidelines: A Place To Start Negotiations, Bryan M. Carson Sep 2007

Electronic Reserves And The Failed Confu Guidelines: A Place To Start Negotiations, Bryan M. Carson

DLPS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


The Importance Of Intellectual Property Licensing In 21st Century Libraries, Bryan M. Carson Sep 2007

The Importance Of Intellectual Property Licensing In 21st Century Libraries, Bryan M. Carson

DLPS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Empirical Investigation Of The Relationship Of Privacy, Security And Trust With Behavioral Intention To Transact In E-Commerce, Anil Gurung Aug 2007

Empirical Investigation Of The Relationship Of Privacy, Security And Trust With Behavioral Intention To Transact In E-Commerce, Anil Gurung

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

Privacy and security concerns of consumers have been touted as one of the hindrances in the growth of e-commerce. These concerns increase risk perception of consumers. Understanding the consequences of privacy and security concerns, and their relationship to risk perceptions may provide a solution. The relationship between privacy and security is investigated using the Theory of Planned Behavior. The model proposed in this study, investigates the relationship of trust, privacy and security concerns to the risk perception adoption of e-commerce. The results from a field study validate the model.


A Typology Of Cluster Concentrations Based On Factor Conditions Of Production And Evolution Of Supply Chain Infrastructures, Pamela J. Zelbst Aug 2007

A Typology Of Cluster Concentrations Based On Factor Conditions Of Production And Evolution Of Supply Chain Infrastructures, Pamela J. Zelbst

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

If the reader would imagine a 500 piece picture puzzle of which only one single piece is available for research, then it is obvious that any conclusions concerning the puzzle as a whole would at the very best be limited to what the researcher could extrapolate from that single piece of the puzzle. This study contends that to comprehend the puzzle it must be viewed as a whole picture, admittedly comprised of different pieces, but nonetheless only accurately understandable in regard to interaction and interconnectivities when viewed from a macro perspective. Accordingly, concentrations should be viewed from a holistic, macro …


Towards A Systemic View Of Organizational Dynamic It Capability: An Empirical Assessment, Anurag Jain Aug 2007

Towards A Systemic View Of Organizational Dynamic It Capability: An Empirical Assessment, Anurag Jain

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

In an increasingly complex world characterized by hyper-competition and turbulence, an organization's ability to sustain its competitive advantages depends not only on how it acquires its capabilities, but also on how it orchestrates the relationships among them. While the resource based view of the firm and the literature on dynamic capabilities have provided strategic insights to the successful deployment and expeditious management of scarce resources, there is very little research on dynamic capabilities from an IT perspective. In particular, there is no common understanding of what the phrase "dynamic IT capability" means or how it can be achieved. This study …


Task Complexity And Effectiveness Of Pair Programming: An Experimental Study, Venugopal Balijepally Aug 2007

Task Complexity And Effectiveness Of Pair Programming: An Experimental Study, Venugopal Balijepally

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

Extreme Programming, which is recently gaining popularity as an alternate software development methodology, involves two programmers working collaboratively to develop software. This study examined the efficacy of pair programming by comparing the effectiveness of collaborating pairs with those of programmers working individually. Student subjects participated in a controlled laboratory experiment. Two factors were manipulated in the experiment: programming task complexity (high vs. low) and programmers working individually vs. in pairs. The performance of programmer pairs was compared with those of the best performer and the second best performer from among nominal pairs. An important finding of the study is that …


Capturing The Longitudinal Dynamics Of Customer-Supplier Relationships: An Empirical Examination Of The Roles Of It, Transaction Economics And Social Exchange, William Wayne Willette Aug 2007

Capturing The Longitudinal Dynamics Of Customer-Supplier Relationships: An Empirical Examination Of The Roles Of It, Transaction Economics And Social Exchange, William Wayne Willette

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

The forms of cooperative business hold the promise of reduced costs, increased efficiencies, rapid market and environmental responses, expanded market opportunities, new resources, faster product developments, and the most coveted of all benefits--competitive advantage. These cooperative business forms are a rich matrix for the exploration and testing of a wide range of theories, such as Transaction Cost Economics, Social Exchange Theory, Resource Dependence Theory, and Relational Exchange Theory. This thesis presents a process view of how IT and trust affect transaction costs in a transaction dyad consisting of a small supplier and a large customer. It goes beyond functional relationships …


Determinants Of Knowledge Sharing Behaviors: Developing And Testing An Integrated Theoretical Model, Anitha Chennamaneni Aug 2007

Determinants Of Knowledge Sharing Behaviors: Developing And Testing An Integrated Theoretical Model, Anitha Chennamaneni

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

Knowledge sharing has been identified as the key enabler of knowledge management. To leverage knowledge resources and to support knowledge sharing, organizations are employing knowledge management systems. While knowledge management systems are important, practical implementations have found that technology alone cannot guarantee that knowledge will be shared. The objective of this research study was to examine factors that promote or discourage knowledge sharing behaviors of knowledge workers in the organizational context. Drawing from multiple streams of research including social psychology, organizational learning, knowledge management, information systems and so forth, this research developed an integrated theoretical model and unveiled three sets …


An Empirical Examination Of The Influence Of Information Technology And Trust On Supply Chain Dyad Relationships And Performance, Anil Singh Aug 2007

An Empirical Examination Of The Influence Of Information Technology And Trust On Supply Chain Dyad Relationships And Performance, Anil Singh

Information Systems & Operations Management Dissertations - Archive

Reacting to increased competition, companies are adopting inter-organizational information systems (IOS) that share information across the supply chain partners. This sharing requires trust. To better understand the phenomenon of trust between partners, we develop an integrated model of trust in supply chains with theoretical underpinnings of transaction cost economics and environmental factors like Information Technology and Power. The framework also takes into consideration; the association between trust and final outcome measures such as performance and satisfaction through supply chain relationship. By assessing the interconnectedness of trust in inter-organizational information systems, with environmental factors, our research model will help researchers as …