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Articles 331 - 360 of 419
Full-Text Articles in Slavic Languages and Societies
Дисплейный Текст Как Форма Сетевого Общения, В. Г. Костомаров
Дисплейный Текст Как Форма Сетевого Общения, В. Г. Костомаров
Russian Language Journal
Нынешняя техногенная эпоха подарила людям чудесную возможность хранить знания не только в письме и чтении, но и более естественно, наглядно и красочно. Аудио-‐‑видеозаписи, кино и телевидение, мобильная телефония, компьютер, и особенно интернет коренным образом меняют исторически сложившееся языковое существование людей. Библиотеки стали хранилищами отнюдь не только библиос (книг), но и карт, рисунков, фильмов, кассет, дисков, флешек, различных оцифровок аудио-‐‑ и видеозаписей.
Blogging And Tweeting And Chat, Oh My! Social Networks, Classroom Culture, And Foreign Language Instruction, Thomas Garza
Blogging And Tweeting And Chat, Oh My! Social Networks, Classroom Culture, And Foreign Language Instruction, Thomas Garza
Russian Language Journal
The first decade of the 21st century has witnessed an unprecedented global explosion in the number of online social networking sites (SNSs) available to anyone with a computer and an Internet connection. SNSs, such as Facebook, LiveJournal, MySpace, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, Bebo, and SixDegrees, among scores of others1, have transformed the mode and medium of person-‐‑to-‐‑ person communication, by making instant, direct – and free – contact with tens of thousands of interlocutors at one time a reality. A 2007 study of the National School Boards Association showed that American school-‐‑age children were spending nine to twelve hours per week …
Language Matters: Some New Contributions From Sociology (Emanating From Richard Brecht’S Castle), John P. Robinson, William P. Rivers, Cynthia Costell, Jennifer Robinson
Language Matters: Some New Contributions From Sociology (Emanating From Richard Brecht’S Castle), John P. Robinson, William P. Rivers, Cynthia Costell, Jennifer Robinson
Russian Language Journal
As a result of the projects undertaken by the University of Maryland’s Center for the Advanced Study of Language, several new findings and insights have emerged from the highest quality data collections on Americans’ abilities in and attitudes toward foreign languages (FL). These involve the (now annual) language surveys conducted by the US Census Bureau and the bi-‐‑annual General Social Survey (GSS) conducted by the University of Chicago since 1972. The Census Bureau has been documenting foreign languages spoken at home and how well individuals can speak English in such households. The 2000-‐‑08 GSS has assessed whether adults can speak …
The Influence Of Prior Language Learning Experiences On Learning Of Unrelated Or Distantly Related Languages, Ewa Golonka
The Influence Of Prior Language Learning Experiences On Learning Of Unrelated Or Distantly Related Languages, Ewa Golonka
Russian Language Journal
Existing research provides evidence that learning one foreign language, and learning it well, makes learning another much easier. Learning another foreign language as an adult is easier both for those who acquired a second language (L2) in childhood and for those who acquired a second language as adolescents or adults in school. The learning of multiple languages within school settings in European countries, such as Benelux, Germany, Switzerland, and Austria, is a common experience. In the United States, deliberate adult third language (L3) instruction—which accounts for learner’s knowledge of other foreign languages—has been primarily in U.S. government training institutes. 2 …
A Concurrent Validity Study Of Self-‐‑Assessments And The Federal Interagency Language Roundtable Oral Proficiency Interview, Charles W. Stansfield, Jing Gao, William P. Rivers
A Concurrent Validity Study Of Self-‐‑Assessments And The Federal Interagency Language Roundtable Oral Proficiency Interview, Charles W. Stansfield, Jing Gao, William P. Rivers
Russian Language Journal
The National Language Service Corps (NLSC) was established in 2006 as a pilot program under the auspices of the National Security Education Program (NSEP). This new organization was tasked with providing and maintaining a standing civilian corps of certified bilinguals who would be available for service to federal government agencies as they are needed, and to state and local government agencies in time of emergency. The intent of the NLSC is to fill the gap between full-‐‑time language services professionals and individuals who wish to volunteer for temporary services for short-‐‑ or medium-‐‑term assignments. The NLSC recruits a readily-‐‑available pool …
Examining The Validity Of The 2010 Prototype Ap Russian Exam Through A College Comparability Study, Camelot Marshall
Examining The Validity Of The 2010 Prototype Ap Russian Exam Through A College Comparability Study, Camelot Marshall
Russian Language Journal
Since its inception twelve years ago, the Prototype AP® Russian Language and Culture Examination has developed into an assessment instrument that has increasingly become the culminating focus and a hallmark of high school Russian language study in select schools across the United States. Even more so, through the years of field-‐‑testing, piloting, and making the tests operational, the design, content, development, administration, and analyses of the exam have evolved into the model for American Councils’ online assessments of language proficiency not only for Russian, but also for Flagship programs. These tests are already being developed in Arabic, Chinese, Persian, Russian, …
A Case Study Of The Acquisition Of Narration In Russian: At The Intersection Of Foreign Language Education, Applied Linguistics, And Second Language Acquisition, Benjamin Rifkin
Russian Language Journal
Studies of students’ foreign language proficiency—including Carroll (1967), Magnan (1986), and Thompson (1996)—have shown that students in their fourth year of language study typically demonstrate oral proficiency in the intermediate range. Thompson’s study found the median score of students’ oral proficiency in the fourth year to be at the intermediate high/advanced threshold, but her subjects at this level of instruction were students at Middlebury’s summer language program and were tested in the last week of the program. In my own teaching practice, I have found that most of the students majoring in Russian at the University of Wisconsin-‐‑Madison graduate with …
Assessing The Oral Proficiency Of Adult Learners, “Heritage” And “Native” Speakers Using The Ilr Descriptions And Actfl Proficiency Guidelines: Considering The Challenges, Cynthia L. Martin
Assessing The Oral Proficiency Of Adult Learners, “Heritage” And “Native” Speakers Using The Ilr Descriptions And Actfl Proficiency Guidelines: Considering The Challenges, Cynthia L. Martin
Russian Language Journal
The ILR Descriptions – Speaking and the ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines – Speaking trace their genesis to an oral proficiency assessment system first developed at the Foreign Service Institute in the 1950s to assess “foreign language users’ abilities according to a consistent scale.” The original purpose was clearly aimed at assessing the abilities of non-‐‑native, non-‐‑heritage adult foreign language learners, and this genesis is still reflected in the current ILR Descriptions and the ACTFL Guidelines. However, tools based on these descriptions/guidelines are increasingly being used to assess the abilities of language users who are not what we would consider to be …
Heritage Is Not Enough: The Changing Demographics Of The Chinese Language Field In The United States, Scott Mcginnis
Heritage Is Not Enough: The Changing Demographics Of The Chinese Language Field In The United States, Scott Mcginnis
Russian Language Journal
In a series of articles beginning in 1994, Richard Brecht and the late A. Ronald Walton first identified four sectors in the United States as sources for providing national capacity in the Less Commonly Taught Languages (LCTLs).
Russian Heritage Language Speakers In The U.S.: A Profile, Olga Kagan
Russian Heritage Language Speakers In The U.S.: A Profile, Olga Kagan
Russian Language Journal
Brecht and Ingold (2002) advocate systematic efforts to develop heritage language (HL) pedagogy to remedy U.S. language deficits: “…because of [heritage language learners’(HLLs’)] existing language and cultural knowledge, they may require substantially less instructional time than other learners to develop these skills. This is especially true for speakers of the less commonly taught languages” (p. 1).
Assessment Practices In Startalk Language Programs: A View Of Current Language Assessment Literacy, Margaret E. Malone, Megan J. Montee, Francesca Disilvio
Assessment Practices In Startalk Language Programs: A View Of Current Language Assessment Literacy, Margaret E. Malone, Megan J. Montee, Francesca Disilvio
Russian Language Journal
Assessment is essential to education, because it provides information on students’ progress toward learning goals. Reliable and valid assessment can provide not only important summative information, but also formative information to instructors and learners on both what has been learned and what remains to be learned. However, in order for assessment to be used effectively, instructors must understand the components of a reliable and valid assessment system and how to incorporate such a system into classroom testing. Many language instructors in the United States may lack basic knowledge of assessment and measurement (Popham, 2009).
Русификация И Казахизация Как Языковая Гомогенизация Многоязычного Казахстана, Элеонора Сулейменова
Русификация И Казахизация Как Языковая Гомогенизация Многоязычного Казахстана, Элеонора Сулейменова
Russian Language Journal
Русификация и казахизация как процессы целенаправленной гомогенизации в языковом отношении располагаются в одном ряду с белорусизацией, украинизацией, полонизацией, узбекизацией, латышизацией, таджикизацией или исландизацией, и деятельность политических, образовательных, общественных, экономических, собственно лингвистических институтов по их реализации рассматривается как обычная государственная практика.
The Overseas Immersion Setting As Contextual Variable In Adult Sla: Learner Behaviors Associated With Language Gain To Level-‐‑3 Proficiency In Russian, Dan E. Davidson, Maria D. Lekic
The Overseas Immersion Setting As Contextual Variable In Adult Sla: Learner Behaviors Associated With Language Gain To Level-‐‑3 Proficiency In Russian, Dan E. Davidson, Maria D. Lekic
Russian Language Journal
Overseas immersion study for second language (L-‐‑2) acquisition is widely regarded not only as valuable educationally, but also essential for the attainment of upper-‐‑level proficiencies. Unfortunately, the mechanisms though which overseas language and cultural immersion training may (or may not) foster successful adult acquisition are still not well understood (e.g., Rivers, 1998; Ginsburg & Miller, 2000, Kinginger, 2011). As a result, researchers across a range of disciplinary backgrounds are examining cognitive, psycholinguistic, and cultural factors affecting linguistic outcomes within the study abroad environment, including increased efforts to account for the notable variation that has been observed in actual levels of …
À La Recherche Du Temps Perdu: Russian -‐‑Sja And -‐‑En-‐‑ In Asbmt, Leonard H. Babby
À La Recherche Du Temps Perdu: Russian -‐‑Sja And -‐‑En-‐‑ In Asbmt, Leonard H. Babby
Russian Language Journal
In 1973-‐‑74, Dick Brecht and I wrote an article entitled The Syntax of Voice in Russian, which appeared in Language in 1975 (hereafter B&B 1975). Since then Dick and I have gone off in different directions, but I have returned periodically to the rich vein of data and problems in our paper and return to them again here, this time within the frame-‐‑ work of the argument-‐‑structure based theory of morphosyntax (ASBMT) proposed in Babby 2009, 2010a, 2010b, and 2011, which has enabled me, after the passage of 35 years, to pinpoint what was right in the Syntax of Voice …
Some Thoughts On The Societal Impact Of Linguistics, Arto Mustajoki
Some Thoughts On The Societal Impact Of Linguistics, Arto Mustajoki
Russian Language Journal
Today, scholars are obliged to justify the necessity of research in their own fields. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the channels of societal impact of linguistic research. In other words, I will try to answer the following question: in what ways is the work of scholars dealing with language(s) useful for society? The paper is based on my articles published in Finnish (Mustajoki 2005, 2011) and on oral presentations in various academic circles. I will first discuss some general ideas concerning the societal impact of research and researchers. I will then try to apply these ideas to …
On The Status Of Russian Perfective Passives In –Sja, James S. Levine
On The Status Of Russian Perfective Passives In –Sja, James S. Levine
Russian Language Journal
In an early and important study of voice in Russian, Babby and Brecht (1975) introduced significant theoretical revisions to prevailing transformational analyses of passives in Russian. In their article, B&B demonstrated the inadequacies of previous analyses, which posited a single “passive transformation” for Russian. Instead, they proposed an analysis of voice that achieved maximum generality by accounting in a principled way for the syntactic relations between active, passive, and middle sentences. In particular, they argued that passives formed with the suffix –en-‐‑ must be derived differently from passives in –sja, the former resulting from a lexical process that derived –en-‐‑adjectives …
Концепт «Призыв» С Позиции Теории Речевых Актов, Давид Гоциридзе, Марина Алексидзе
Концепт «Призыв» С Позиции Теории Речевых Актов, Давид Гоциридзе, Марина Алексидзе
Russian Language Journal
Конец минувшего столетия был отмечен переходом к новой научной парадигме, что обусловило вовлечение в орбиту интересов лингвистики все более широкого круга явлений, связанных с передачей и восприятием информации в современном обществе. Антропоцентристская парадигма выдвинула в качестве первоочередных задач исследование языка во всем многообразии его связей. На смену семантике и синтактике пришла прагматика, что привело к необходимости вовлечения в сферу интересов лингвистики участников коммуникации, языковые личности, которые участвуют в интерактивной деятельности, реализуют в процессе коммуникации определенные речевые интенции. За языковыми знаками стоит человек, который пытается с их помощью достичь определенной цели, вызвать соответствующую реакцию слушателей. В этой связи особую популярность приобретают …
Очерк Языковой Политики И Языковой Ситуации В Казахстане, Элеонора Сулейменова
Очерк Языковой Политики И Языковой Ситуации В Казахстане, Элеонора Сулейменова
Russian Language Journal
Наступил завершающий этап выполнения «Государственной программы развития и функционирования языков в Республике Казахстан (2001‐2010 гг.)» – документа, на десятилетие определившего стратегию, приоритеты и основные направления языковой политики1, охарактеризованной стремлением соответствовать потребностям полиэтнического населения страны, учитывать особенности языковой, демографической и политической ситуации, сохранить стабильность межэтнических и межъязыковых отношений. Целью языковой политики стало целенаправленное воздействие на главные составляющие языковой ситуации (сложившейся еще в советский период, когда языковая политика была частью общегосударственной политики по созданию советского народа с единым русским языком), языковое планирование стало осуществляться по трем стратегическим направлениям: расширение сфер употребления и функций государственного языка, сохранение функций русского языка, развитие других языков …
Языковая Политика И Языковая Ситуация В Кыргызстане, Замира Дербишева
Языковая Политика И Языковая Ситуация В Кыргызстане, Замира Дербишева
Russian Language Journal
Конец XX века и начало XXI века ознаменовались новым взглядом на языки. События этих лет, исторически значимых не только для Кыргызстана, но и для всех стран постсоветского пространства с точки зрения интенсивных социально‐политических, экономических, культурных, идеологических процессов в обществе являются экстралингвистическими предпосылками для изменений в языковой ситуации в каждой республике.
Родной Язык Нетитульного Населения Страны Как Язык Высшего Образования (Русскоязычная Вертикаль Образования В Республике Молдова), Татьяна Млечко
Родной Язык Нетитульного Населения Страны Как Язык Высшего Образования (Русскоязычная Вертикаль Образования В Республике Молдова), Татьяна Млечко
Russian Language Journal
Вопросы, связанные с родным языком, по‐особому актуальны для государств с многонациональным и соответственно разноязычным населением, которое заинтересовано, с одной стороны, в сохранении этнических языков как основы своей национально‐культурной идентичности, с другой – в свободном владении языком или языками, доминирующими в социуме и/или в практике международного общения.
Mind The Gap: English L2 Learners Of Russian And The Null Possessive Pronoun, William Comer
Mind The Gap: English L2 Learners Of Russian And The Null Possessive Pronoun, William Comer
Russian Language Journal
The personal possessive pronouns in Russian (мой, твой, наш, ваш, его, её, их) are taught very early in virtually all elementary textbooks of the language. At the point of their introduction, the problems that they most often pose for English‐speaking L2 learners are their morphology and the rules for agreement with the nouns they modify. For L2 learners, the usage and frequency of these pronouns at this stage in language study seem virtually to mirror English patterns. When introduced to simple sentences with finite verbs and complements as well as the “у кого есть что” construction, learners may (or may …
The Actr Nationwide Survey Of Russian Language Instruction In U.S. High Schools In 2009, Dan E. Davidson, Nadra Garas
The Actr Nationwide Survey Of Russian Language Instruction In U.S. High Schools In 2009, Dan E. Davidson, Nadra Garas
Russian Language Journal
Adequate access to extended sequences of instruction across a range of world languages in the U.S. K‐12 system can provide the “early start” in language learning, which is essential for a new generation of Americans who will compete in the highly globalized economy of the 21st century.2 The study of Arabic, Chinese Japanese, Persian, and Russian have attracted particular attention among U.S. policymakers, given the importance of these and other major world languages for long‐term U.S. national security interests, scientific and cultural exchange, mutual understanding, and the preservation of U.S. economic competitiveness around the world.
Form And Function Of Expressive Morphology: A Case Study Of Russian, Olga Steriopolo
Form And Function Of Expressive Morphology: A Case Study Of Russian, Olga Steriopolo
Russian Language Journal
In this paper, I conduct a detailed case study of expressive suffixes in Russian. Although the suffixes under investigation have the same function (expressive), they differ significantly in their formal properties. I identify two major semantic types of expressive suffixes: attitude suffixes, which convey the speaker’s attitude toward the referent, and size suffixes, which both convey the speaker’s attitude and refer to the size of the referent. I argue that the two different semantic types map onto different syntactic types. Attitude suffixes are syntactic heads, while size suffixes are syntactic modifiers. As heads, attitude suffixes determine the formal properties (syntactic …
The Online Proficiency‐Based Reading, Listening, And Integrated Writing External Assessment Program For Russian: A Report To The Field, Saodat I. Bazarova, Maria D. Lekic, Camelot Marshall
The Online Proficiency‐Based Reading, Listening, And Integrated Writing External Assessment Program For Russian: A Report To The Field, Saodat I. Bazarova, Maria D. Lekic, Camelot Marshall
Russian Language Journal
Rising interest in the U.S. in the study and teaching of Russian language and culture, reported elsewhere in the present volume (Davidson & Garas, 2009), has coincided with the reaffirmation of the status of Russian by U. S. government agencies as a critical language. Russian is identified, for example, in the 2006 National Security Language Initiative (NSLI) as a “critical need language,” for which the production of greater numbers of advanced‐level speakers is deemed essential (U.S. Department of Education, 2008, p. 1). According to the most recent ADFL/MLA report on language enrollments in two‐ and four‐year U.S. institutions of higher …
О Месте Творческого Или «Креативного» Потенциала Русского Языка В Практике Преподавания Русского Языка Как Иностранного, Екатерина Москвер
О Месте Творческого Или «Креативного» Потенциала Русского Языка В Практике Преподавания Русского Языка Как Иностранного, Екатерина Москвер
Russian Language Journal
Креативные или творческие возможности языка уже давно привлекают как теоретиков, так и практиков‐методистов. Традиционный анализ креативного языка ведет свое начало от работ русских формалистов, особенно Р. Якобсона, который рассматривал поэтическую функцию языка как центральную в литературном языке (Якобсон 1975), и В. Шкловского, определявшего цель искусства как «дать ощущение вещи как видение, а не как узнавание», то есть как остраненное видение, служащее свежему, необычному взгляду на привычные повседневные вещи (Шкловский 1929: 11‐13). Обсуждая вопрос о языковой креативности, некоторые исследователи вплоть до недавного времени придерживались мнения о том, что поэтический язык и повседневная речь являются противоположностя‐ ми (Widdowson 1992, Bauman and Briggs …
Особенности Обучения Американских Учащихся Интонационному Оформлению Речи На Русском Языке, Ольга Рябова
Особенности Обучения Американских Учащихся Интонационному Оформлению Речи На Русском Языке, Ольга Рябова
Russian Language Journal
Основной целью изучения любого иностранного языка, в том числе и русского, безусловно, является формирование и развитие навыков общения на изучаемом языке. Однако для того, чтобы общение было полноценным, учащийся должен овладеть комплексом знаний и умений, которые позволят ему грамотно и понятно выражать свои мысли на иностранном языке. Как при развитии навыков устной, так и при развитии навыков письменной речи одним из важнейших является навык интонационного оформления речи на русском языке. Интонация пронизывает текст, письменный или устный, и её правильное использование позволяет студенту не только избежать коммуникативных неудач, но и быть точно понятым носителем языка.
Birth Language Attrition And Reacquisition In Russian Adoptees, Avram J. Lyon
Birth Language Attrition And Reacquisition In Russian Adoptees, Avram J. Lyon
Russian Language Journal
The wave of adoption from Russia and other countries of the former Soviet Union has brought a large number of incomplete Russian speakers into the United States; over 71,000 orphans from Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Belarus have been issued United States entry visas since 1992 (U.S. Department of State 2007 and 2009; Ruggiero 2007). This is part of a larger trend toward international adoption, amounting to several hundred thousand children in the past decades. Children adopted by American families experience a radical reduction in birth language exposure and must quickly acclimate to and become proficient in the language of the …
Introduction To Volume 59
Russian Language Journal
The present volume of Russian Language Journal offers a rich selection of new research and studies in all three of the Journal’s major areas of focus: language policy, research on the study and teaching of Russian as a foreign or second language, and original research.