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2014

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Articles 31 - 60 of 294

Full-Text Articles in Christian Denominations and Sects

From The Hicksites To The Progressive Friends: The Rural Roots Of Perfectionism And Social Reform Among North American Friends, Christopher Densmore Nov 2014

From The Hicksites To The Progressive Friends: The Rural Roots Of Perfectionism And Social Reform Among North American Friends, Christopher Densmore

Quaker Studies

In the 1840s and 1850s, North American Friends endured a series of localized separations. This paper examines the Progressive Friends separations in Genesee Yearly Meeting in 1848, centered in the 'burned-over district' of New York State, and in Western Quarterly Meeting of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (Hicksite) in 1852-53. Both separations had roots in the controversy among Friends over appropriate anti-slavery activities and both challenged the existing structures of the Religious Society of Friends. These separations were both radical and rural, and mark a distinct change from the earlier deference of Friends towards the leadership of London and Philadelphia Yearly Meetings.

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Patterns And Practices Of Women's Leadership In The Yorkshire Quaker Community, 1760-1820, Helen Plant Nov 2014

Patterns And Practices Of Women's Leadership In The Yorkshire Quaker Community, 1760-1820, Helen Plant

Quaker Studies

By the second half of the eighteenth century, women ministers had become the principal upholders of the spiritual life of Quakerism in Yorkshire. Drawing on a range of sources including the institutional records of Quaker Meetings, personal correspondence and spiritual journals and autobiographies, this paper aims to shed light on the precise nature of female leadership in the Religious Society of Friends and to contribute to greater understanding of the conditions under which it became dominant. It suggests that the growing tendency for women to outnumber men as ministers was closely linked to wider social and economic trends within contemporary …

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Daniel Eccleston Of Lancaster 1745-1821: A Man Not Afraid To Stand On The Shoulders Of Giants, Carolyn Downs Nov 2014

Daniel Eccleston Of Lancaster 1745-1821: A Man Not Afraid To Stand On The Shoulders Of Giants, Carolyn Downs

Quaker Studies

It is unusual for an historian to be able to establish in great detail the life of any but those considered one of 'the great and the good'. The substantial amount of documentary sources, both by, and about, the Quaker radical Daniel Eccleston of Lancaster (1745-1821), provide an opportunity to view a turbulent period in British history through the experiences of one individual. The links between industrial and scientific advance, Nonconformity in religion and calls for political reform were growing increasingly common as the eighteenth century progressed. This paper attempts to show the centrality of Eccleston's Quaker upbringing to his …

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The Life And Times Of Peter Briggins, Simon Dixon Nov 2014

The Life And Times Of Peter Briggins, Simon Dixon

Quaker Studies

This article draws attention to a little known and rarely used historical source, the diary of the early eighteenth-century London Friend Peter Briggins. Four areas of Briggins' life are examined: his business, religious, family and leisure activities. It is suggested that the examination of sources such as diaries and personal correspondence can shed new light on the nature of seventeenth and early eighteenth-century Quakerism. In particular, such material can enable the development of a more subtle picture of the relationships that existed between Friends and the communities in which they lived.

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Chalk, Cheese, And Cloth: The Settling Of Quaker Communities In Seventeenth-Century Wiltshire, Kay S. Taylor Nov 2014

Chalk, Cheese, And Cloth: The Settling Of Quaker Communities In Seventeenth-Century Wiltshire, Kay S. Taylor

Quaker Studies

The underlying geology of Wiltshire was responsible for the county's contrasting farming and settlement patterns of the seventeenth century, and gave rise to its distinctive north-south 'chalk and cheese' divide. These particular characteristics, which also shaped the road networks and the location of the cloth-producing industry, played a significant role in determining the way in which the early Quaker movement developed within the county. This paper not only places the development of Wiltshire Quakerism within the context of the county's topography but also identifies the influence of other factors, such as patronage and the presence of other religious groups, on …

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From Ploughing The Wilderness To Hedging The Vineyard: Meanings And Uses Of Husbandry Among Quakers, C. 1650-C. 1860, Erin A. Bell Nov 2014

From Ploughing The Wilderness To Hedging The Vineyard: Meanings And Uses Of Husbandry Among Quakers, C. 1650-C. 1860, Erin A. Bell

Quaker Studies

The parable of the husbandman was of great significance to Protestants of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, for many early modern religious groups developed aspects of their beliefs and identities through its interpretation. This article considers the ways in which re presentations of the husbandman differed between Friends and other Protestants, and particularly evolved within Quakerism from the mid-seventeenth to mid-nineteenth centuries. It considers broad shifts, starting fr om the desire to cultivate the literal and spiritual wilderness described by George Fox, and culminating in the need for spiritual husbandmen to maintain the protective 'hedge' and keep the existing stock, …

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Editorial (Quaker Studies Volume 10, Issue 2), Simon Dixon Nov 2014

Editorial (Quaker Studies Volume 10, Issue 2), Simon Dixon

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Andrews' "Whirlwind Of Life: The Story Of Emilia Fogelklou", Cary's "The Intrepid Quaker: One Man's Quest For Peace" Manousos' "Living The Peace Testimony: The Legacy Of Howard And Atzna Brinton" - Book Review, Pam Lunn Nov 2014

Andrews' "Whirlwind Of Life: The Story Of Emilia Fogelklou", Cary's "The Intrepid Quaker: One Man's Quest For Peace" Manousos' "Living The Peace Testimony: The Legacy Of Howard And Atzna Brinton" - Book Review, Pam Lunn

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Dandelion, Gwyn, Muers, Phillips And Sturm's "Towards Tragedy I Reclaiming Hope: Literature, Theology And Sociology In Conversation" - Book Review, Douglas J. Davies Nov 2014

Dandelion, Gwyn, Muers, Phillips And Sturm's "Towards Tragedy I Reclaiming Hope: Literature, Theology And Sociology In Conversation" - Book Review, Douglas J. Davies

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Coleman And Eade's "Reframing Pilgrimage: Cultures In Motion" - Book Review, Gay Pilgrim Nov 2014

Coleman And Eade's "Reframing Pilgrimage: Cultures In Motion" - Book Review, Gay Pilgrim

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Brock's "'These Strange Criminals': An Anthology Of Prison Memoirs By Conscientious Objectors From The Great War To The Cold War" - Book Review, Thomas C. Kennedy Nov 2014

Brock's "'These Strange Criminals': An Anthology Of Prison Memoirs By Conscientious Objectors From The Great War To The Cold War" - Book Review, Thomas C. Kennedy

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Mcfadden And Gorfinkel's "Constructive Spirit: Quakers In Revolutionary Russia" - Book Review, Maureen Waugh Nov 2014

Mcfadden And Gorfinkel's "Constructive Spirit: Quakers In Revolutionary Russia" - Book Review, Maureen Waugh

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Dandelion's "The Creation Of Quaker Theory: Insider Perspectives" - Book Review, Stephen W. Angell Nov 2014

Dandelion's "The Creation Of Quaker Theory: Insider Perspectives" - Book Review, Stephen W. Angell

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Birkel's "A Near Sympathy: The Timeless Quaker Vision Of John Woolman" - Book Review, Keith Helmuth Nov 2014

Birkel's "A Near Sympathy: The Timeless Quaker Vision Of John Woolman" - Book Review, Keith Helmuth

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Heller's "The Tendering Presence: Essays On John Woolman" - Book Review, Keith Helmuth Nov 2014

Heller's "The Tendering Presence: Essays On John Woolman" - Book Review, Keith Helmuth

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Gardina's "Quakers And Baptists In Colonial Massachusetts" - Book Review, Jeanne-Henriette Louis Nov 2014

Gardina's "Quakers And Baptists In Colonial Massachusetts" - Book Review, Jeanne-Henriette Louis

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Broadcasting Truth To Power:The American Friends Service Committee And The Early Southern Civil Rights Movement, Brian Ward Nov 2014

Broadcasting Truth To Power:The American Friends Service Committee And The Early Southern Civil Rights Movement, Brian Ward

Quaker Studies

This article addresses two gaps in the historical literature on the modern civil rights movement. First, it highlights the contributions of the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) to the struggle for racial justice in the South. Second, it reveals the importance of radio broadcasting in helping to create a climate in which southern white racial attitudes and discriminatory practices were challenged. It demonstrates how AFSC-sponsored broadcasts reflected Quaker principles, but also how debates over appropriate programme content exposed the tensions between principled and pragmatic considerations, morality and expediency, that shaped the Movement and determined the AFSC's role in it.

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Reluctant Absolutist: Malcolm Sparkes' Conscientious Objections To World War I, Bert Den Boggende Nov 2014

Reluctant Absolutist: Malcolm Sparkes' Conscientious Objections To World War I, Bert Den Boggende

Quaker Studies

The existing secondary literature has treated the appearance of World War I conscientious objectors (COs) before the tribunals as rather straightforward and uncomplicated. As the case of Malcolm Sparkes indicates, the process was much less straightforward and much more complex. The arduous process also shows that the power of the local tribunals was enlarged and that of the Pelham Committee reduced, due to the wrong decision - as the government acknowledged - by the local tribunal at Slough. The decision resulted in Sparkes becoming a reluctant or alternativist absolutist, a nomenclature hitherto ignored in the literature. Sparkes' case also suggests …

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The Persecution Of 'An Innocent People' In Seventeenth-Century England, Raymond Ayoub Nov 2014

The Persecution Of 'An Innocent People' In Seventeenth-Century England, Raymond Ayoub

Quaker Studies

This article gives an outline survey of the beliefs and practices of seventeenth century Friends, the spiritual-religious basis of these, the existing or enacted laws with which these came into conflict, and the ensuing penalties inflicted on Friends for disobeying these strictures. While there is an abundance of relevant material in print, this account endeavors to give a comprehensive and systematic summary of the pertinent laws and some of their consequences to Friends. Though the penalties were not of equal frequency or severity, they point to limitations placed on Friends in their effort to be faithful to their beliefs.

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Preaching For Hire: Public Issues And Private Concerns In A Skirmish Of The Lamb's War, Jonathan Harlow Nov 2014

Preaching For Hire: Public Issues And Private Concerns In A Skirmish Of The Lamb's War, Jonathan Harlow

Quaker Studies

Quakers from the first rejected the idea of the professional minister requiring university education and being paid for his work. This was a principal motif in the Lamb's War they waged in the 1650s; and it naturally aroused the hostility of established ministers, who had good reason to feel insecure. This article examines a brief battle of books which took place in 1656 and 1657: Thomas Speed, a leading Bristol Quaker, fulminated against preaching for hire and three incumbent ministers countered his attacks. It turns out that the participants were known to each other and had personal axes to grind. …

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An Absent Presence: Quaker Narratives Of Journeys To America And Barbados, 1671-81, Hilary Hinds Nov 2014

An Absent Presence: Quaker Narratives Of Journeys To America And Barbados, 1671-81, Hilary Hinds

Quaker Studies

Through case studies of writings by George Fox, Alice Curwen and Joan Vokins, this article identifies a marked discrepancy in style and focus between early Quaker accounts of journeys to the American mainland and to Barbados. Accounts of the mainland journeys are detailed and often dramatic narratives which, like most early Quaker writing, read the spiritual in and from the places and people encountered, whilst those concerned with Barbados are brief, bland and apparently unconcerned with the immanence of God in the material and social world. An explanation for this discrepancy is sought in the particular cultural and social circumstances …

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Editorial (Quaker Studies Volume 10, Issue 1), Ben Dandelion Nov 2014

Editorial (Quaker Studies Volume 10, Issue 1), Ben Dandelion

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Ambler's "Churches, Chapels And The Parish Communities Of Lincolnshire 1660-1900" - Book Review, Roger Homan Nov 2014

Ambler's "Churches, Chapels And The Parish Communities Of Lincolnshire 1660-1900" - Book Review, Roger Homan

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Speicher's "The Religious World Of Antislavery Women", Sandra Holton Nov 2014

Speicher's "The Religious World Of Antislavery Women", Sandra Holton

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Yannessa's "Levi Coffin, Quaker: Breaking The Bonds Of Slavery In Ohio And Indiana" - Book Review, Emma J. Lapsansky Nov 2014

Yannessa's "Levi Coffin, Quaker: Breaking The Bonds Of Slavery In Ohio And Indiana" - Book Review, Emma J. Lapsansky

Quaker Studies

No abstract provided.

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Quaker Beliefs: Diverse Yet Distinctive, Rosamund Bourke Nov 2014

Quaker Beliefs: Diverse Yet Distinctive, Rosamund Bourke

Quaker Studies

The aim of the research was to obtain the views of Quakers about their beliefs. 166 members of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) responded to a questionnaire about Quaker faith and practice. The respondents largely agreed with traditional Quaker beliefs. As might be expected from previous studies, a diversity of views was found and it was not possible to calculate an 'index of Quakerism'. Eighty percent were over the age of 50. Their attitudes to religion were probably formed before the changes in cultural values of the latter half of the twentieth century.

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How Successful Were Quakers At Science?, Geoffrey Cantor Nov 2014

How Successful Were Quakers At Science?, Geoffrey Cantor

Quaker Studies

The impressively high proportion of Quakers in the Royal Society has often been cited to support the claim that Quakers have been far more successful at science than the general population. However, this supporting evidence is shown to be highly problematic and demonstrably false. Moreover, attempts to establish the superiority of Quakers in science have diverted attention away from more interesting and important historical questions.

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Victorian Philanthropy And The Rowntrees: The Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, Mark Freeman Nov 2014

Victorian Philanthropy And The Rowntrees: The Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, Mark Freeman

Quaker Studies

Through an examination of the establishment and early grant-making priorities of the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, this article explores the development of Quaker philanthropy in Britain in the Victorian and Edwardian periods, especially in the context of the long-standing Quaker interest in adult education. It locates Joseph Rowntree's view of philanthropy in the wider contexts of the changing patterns of Victorian and Edwardian philanthropic theory and practice, the nineteenth-century growth of Quaker social concern, and the changing perceptions of the problem of poverty during Rowntree's lifetime. It argues that the motives underlying the establishment of the Charitable Trust were predicated …

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America's Learning About Foreign Places Through The Eyes Of Missionaries: Writings In The Friends' Missionary Advocate, 1885-1933, Stanley D. Brunn, Elizabeth J. Leppman Nov 2014

America's Learning About Foreign Places Through The Eyes Of Missionaries: Writings In The Friends' Missionary Advocate, 1885-1933, Stanley D. Brunn, Elizabeth J. Leppman

Quaker Studies

Missionaries were among the travelers who supplied American adults and children with information about foreign places. Because they enjoyed a high status and respect with their home congregations and because they lived among peoples in foreign, often exotic, lands, missionaries and their writings enjoyed a wide and attentive audience. Materials in The Friends' Missionary Advocate between 1885 and 1933 report that information on foreign regions reached American audiences through presentations at monthly and quarterly meetings and at yearly conferences. Articles, letters, reports, maps, and pictures were also a medium for influencing Americans' impressions of the world.

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An Occupational Analysis Of The Society Of Friends In Nineteenth-Century Scotland, Paul F. Burton Nov 2014

An Occupational Analysis Of The Society Of Friends In Nineteenth-Century Scotland, Paul F. Burton

Quaker Studies

This paper summarizes our knowledge of the occupational background of English Quakers as a preliminary to an analysis of the occupations of Scottish Quakers in the nineteenth century, based upon the primary sources of records of births, marriages and burials. The same increase in middle-class occupations, including the professions, is evident in Scotland, but the process of embourgeoisement seems to have been slower in Scotland, and by the end of the nineteenth- century merchants and retailers were the largest group in the Society there, rather than the professions. There is also evidence of regional variations in the occupations noted.

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