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Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

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When Traditions Meet: The Case Of Georges Florovsky, Adolf Von Harnack, And Jaroslav Pelikan, Theodor Avramov Jan 2024

When Traditions Meet: The Case Of Georges Florovsky, Adolf Von Harnack, And Jaroslav Pelikan, Theodor Avramov

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The author examines the relationship and mutual influences of Georges Florovsky, Adolf von Harnack, and Jaroslav Pelikan as a path towards approaching the majority of the history of Christianity in a methodological key. An interesting figure emerging from the research is that of Nikolay Glubokovsky, who spent the last part of his life in Bulgaria and through whom the previously mentioned authors came into contact. An argument is provided towards a more personal approach towards historical scholarship and Pelikan is suggested as acting as the figure allowing for the disagreements between Florovsky and Harnack to be creatively brought together and …


Introduction, Dace Balode Jan 2024

Introduction, Dace Balode

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

Articles in this special issue of the journal are based on the research project "Living and Believing Gender in a Neo-Conservative Future: The Case of Women's (Non) Ordination in the Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church" which was funded by the Latvian Council of Science. They provide in-depth perspectives on how gender equality and the resistance to it are navigated within the religious practices and discourses in Latvia.


Tenets Of Neoconservatism: Biological And Theological Versions Of Life And Gender In Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church, Aivita Putniņa Jan 2024

Tenets Of Neoconservatism: Biological And Theological Versions Of Life And Gender In Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church, Aivita Putniņa

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The paper examines the tenets of neoconservatism in current Christian discourse. The notion of life that evolves around biology and procreation is seen as a marker of conservative argumentation. As Jordanova (1995) has argued, a shift in the ‘natural’ association of children with their mothers instead of their fathers occurred in the18th century due to a shift in perspective in life sciences and technology. The new model of procreation involving both parents and a biological, rather than theological, understanding of the process supports arguments that justify not ordaining women and taking anti-LGBTQ+ positions while simultaneously deleting its historical ties to …


From The History Of The Religious Life Of The Ossetians, An Ethnic Minority Living In Georgia (Goat Cult Associated With St. Elijah), Giorgi Sosiashvili Prof. Dr., Aleksandre Mgebrishvili Prof. Dr. Jan 2024

From The History Of The Religious Life Of The Ossetians, An Ethnic Minority Living In Georgia (Goat Cult Associated With St. Elijah), Giorgi Sosiashvili Prof. Dr., Aleksandre Mgebrishvili Prof. Dr.

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

This article explores the historical and cultural interactions between the Georgian and Ossetian peoples, tracing their complex relationship from ancient times to the present. It highlights the origins of the Ossetians, stemming from the Scythian-Sarmatian tribes and the Alans, who migrated to the North Caucasus in the early Middle Ages. The work discusses the impact of Mongol invasions on Ossetian settlement patterns and how Christianization efforts, particularly from Georgian missionaries, facilitated cultural exchange and integration. Key historical figures, such as the Apostle Andrew and St. Nino, played significant roles in promoting Christianity among the Ossetians. The article also examines the …


Use Of The Council Of Religious Cults By The Totalitarian Regime To Fight Against Protestant Communities In Ukraine, Oksana Vysoven, Olga Shkolna, Alina Zadorozhnya, Yuriy Figurnyi Jan 2024

Use Of The Council Of Religious Cults By The Totalitarian Regime To Fight Against Protestant Communities In Ukraine, Oksana Vysoven, Olga Shkolna, Alina Zadorozhnya, Yuriy Figurnyi

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article analyzes the use of the Council for the Affairs of Religious Cults in the fight against Protestant communities in Ukraine by the totalitarian government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In the 1940s, the Council for the Affairs of Religious Cults, created by the order of J. Stalin, directed all of its activities to the unification of Protestant communities and their comprehensive subordination to the totalitarian government. In the 1950s and 1960s the Council for the Affairs of Religious Cults continued to successfully perform the registration, control, punitive, and repressive functions towards Protestant communities in Ukraine and …


Coverage Of Charity In The Pr Activities Of Ukrainian Churches, Yuliia Kondratiuk, Oleksandr Mosienko, Lesia Zaiko, Nadiya Yablonska Jan 2024

Coverage Of Charity In The Pr Activities Of Ukrainian Churches, Yuliia Kondratiuk, Oleksandr Mosienko, Lesia Zaiko, Nadiya Yablonska

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

Information technologies have an active impact on the development of the information society. The paradigm shift in humanity's communication capabilities has occurred with the active use of Internet technologies, which has accelerated the communication process in modern society. Societies are modernizing due to the widespread use of Internet communication to transmit information. This outlines the undoubted value of the possibility of rapid interaction between organizations and the public. The purpose of the article is to study the content and central areas of public relations (PR) activities of Ukrainian churches, analyzing the example of the activities of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church …


The Activity Of Parliamentary Institutions In Ukraine And The Republic Of Poland In The Religious Sphere: A Comparative Analysis, Oleh Sokolovskyi, Serhii Stelnykovych, Liudmyla Horokhova Jan 2024

The Activity Of Parliamentary Institutions In Ukraine And The Republic Of Poland In The Religious Sphere: A Comparative Analysis, Oleh Sokolovskyi, Serhii Stelnykovych, Liudmyla Horokhova

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article provides a comparative analysis of the religious policies of parliamentary institutions in Ukraine and the Republic of Poland in regulating social relations in the sphere of religion. It overviews the principles, methods and mechanisms for the formation and implementation of state-church and interfaith relations. The influence of the church on the social and political life of Poland is noted, as it plays an important role in the formation of the state and nation and in preserving national identity. Secularization trends in Polish and Ukrainian societies have resulted in the decline of religiosity, in the weakening of the influence …


Search For Resonance: The Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church’S Quest For Relevance And Resonance Amidst The Complexity Of Contemporary Societal Discourse, Jānis Meļņikovs Jan 2024

Search For Resonance: The Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church’S Quest For Relevance And Resonance Amidst The Complexity Of Contemporary Societal Discourse, Jānis Meļņikovs

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

This investigation examines the Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church's role in Latvia's political debates, uncovering diverse opinions within the church on its public policy influence. Despite some members' active opposition and others' reluctance to engage in polarizing topics, the church steadfastly positions itself as a moral arbiter in society. Applying Hartmut Rosa's theories on public discourse and resonance, the study proposes the church as a place for deep, meaningful engagement with faith and society, where resonant experiences can foster individual and community well-being. Analysis of interviews illustrates the church's struggle to maintain its values in a modern, secular world, with individual …


Inter-Orthodox Conflicts In Ukraine And The Movement To Unite Ukrainian Orthodox Churches In The 20th And 21st Century, Tetiana Havryliuk, Yuriy Chornomorets, Bogdan Gulyamov Jan 2024

Inter-Orthodox Conflicts In Ukraine And The Movement To Unite Ukrainian Orthodox Churches In The 20th And 21st Century, Tetiana Havryliuk, Yuriy Chornomorets, Bogdan Gulyamov

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

he article analyzes the historical conditions in which the movement towards independence of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church took place. It is shown that the stages of formation of the independent Orthodox Church of Ukraine coincided with the stages of the Ukrainian people's struggle for state independence. The role of P. Skoropadskyi's government in establishing Orthodox statehood and the idea of building a canonical Ukrainian church independent of the Russian Orthodox Church is revealed. It is shown that in the 40s of the last century two Ukrainian Orthodox churches were formed on the territory of Ukraine - the Autonomous Orthodox Church, …


Analysis Of Public Media Discourses Of The Main Actors Of The Church Crisis In Ukraine, Hennadii Khrystokin, Vasyl Lozovytskyi Jan 2024

Analysis Of Public Media Discourses Of The Main Actors Of The Church Crisis In Ukraine, Hennadii Khrystokin, Vasyl Lozovytskyi

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

By analysing the main public statements of the actors of the church crisis in Ukraine, we managed to identify their basic narratives, main discursive logics, power positions, hidden motives and interests that influence social processes. To do this, we used the techniques of narrative analysis of public discourses. The main actors (players, participants) in the church crisis are representatives of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (next - UOC) and the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (next - OCU), the Ecumenical Patriarchate and the Russian Orthodox Church (next - ROC), government agencies, popular media, international and Ukrainian experts. Theological, political, state, and mass-media …


The Issue Of War In The Basic Social Concepts Of The Russian Orthodox Church And In The Compendium Of The Social Doctrine Of The Catholic Church: A Comparative Analysis, Olga Nedavnya Jan 2024

The Issue Of War In The Basic Social Concepts Of The Russian Orthodox Church And In The Compendium Of The Social Doctrine Of The Catholic Church: A Comparative Analysis, Olga Nedavnya

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The assessment by the Russian Orthodox Church of the war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine as a holy war prompts to determine whether this position of this Church is determined by its theological recommendations on social life, recorded in the Basics of the Social Concept of the Russian Orthodox Church. The analysis of this current official document of the Russian Orthodox Church revealed that in the central part of its provisions, where the grounds for evaluating this or that war are given, there are references to the social doctrine of the Catholic Church. This fact led to the need …


The Problem With The Performance Of Alternative Or Military Service Of Ukrainian Adventists In War Conditions, Valentyna Kuryliak Dr Jan 2024

The Problem With The Performance Of Alternative Or Military Service Of Ukrainian Adventists In War Conditions, Valentyna Kuryliak Dr

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article discusses the lack of legal documentation faced by Ukraine in defending its borders and national interests, taking into account its historical experience. Attention is drawn to the issues encountered by Protestant churches, especially, but not exclusively, the Seventh-day Adventist Church. A proposal has been made to utilize the volunteer non-combatant potential of churches, regulating it legislatively without involving the Ukrainian court system. The question of alternative (non-combatant) service during mobilization and in times of war in Ukraine is analyzed. The author argues the necessity of preserving the right to alternative service for church members, which according to the …


Gendered Labor Division In The Evangelical Lutheran Church Of Latvia Through The Lens Of Gifts And Reciprocity, Māra Neikena, Gareth E. Hamilton Jan 2024

Gendered Labor Division In The Evangelical Lutheran Church Of Latvia Through The Lens Of Gifts And Reciprocity, Māra Neikena, Gareth E. Hamilton

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

This article explores the concepts of 'gift's and 'reciprocity' within anthropological literature and applies them to ethnographic fieldwork conducted within the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia. In interviews, pastors and members of parishes used the word 'gift' to rationalize gender differences in performed tasks and assumed inherent abilities of men and women. The article aims to investigate the variety of reciprocity that takes place when informants refer to the idea of the 'gift' in various social contexts. Through qualitative interviews, analysis highlights that the gendered labor division in managing the 'household' of a parish is tied to a sense of …


Academic Reasearch On Saint Sava Of Serbia In Greece, Ioannis Kaminis Jan 2024

Academic Reasearch On Saint Sava Of Serbia In Greece, Ioannis Kaminis

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The paper examines Greek Academic studies dedicated to Saint Sava, the first archbishop of the Serbs. It focuses on St. Sava's activities, the historical relations between Greeks and Serbs during the Middle Ages and beyond, and the most significant research on the Serbian saint. The analysis primarily addresses books concerning the Orthodox Church in Serbia, featuring prominent researchers such as Antonios-Emilios Tachiaos, Ioannis Tarnanidis, Athanasios Angelopoulos, Dimitrios V. Gonis, and Georgios-Nectarios Loes, along with one postgraduate thesis and one dissertation. The study concludes with a critical assessment of the current state of research and proposes potential future avenues for studying …


Georgian Orthodoxy: Navigating The Middle Eastern Landscape, Leons Gabriels Taivans Jan 2024

Georgian Orthodoxy: Navigating The Middle Eastern Landscape, Leons Gabriels Taivans

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

This paper explores the complex sentiments among Georgian Orthodox believers, who simultaneously exhibit unwavering allegiance to the "spiritual power" of former imperialistic Russia alongside discontentment due to its military aggression. The author contends that the prevailing scholarly perspective is incomplete, stemming from a Eurocentric approach, and advocates instead for a broader consideration of Georgia, along with Azerbaijan and Armenia, within the cultural milieu of the Middle East rather than the European context. In the Middle Eastern cultural sphere, characterized by Islam, distinctions between secular and religious realms are blurred—a feature similarly reflected in Georgian Orthodox Christianity. Shaped by historical encounters …


Orthodoxy In Ukraine: Strategies Of Reconciliation, Tetiana Havryliuk, Yuriy Chornomorets, Vasyl Lozovytskyi Jan 2024

Orthodoxy In Ukraine: Strategies Of Reconciliation, Tetiana Havryliuk, Yuriy Chornomorets, Vasyl Lozovytskyi

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article analyzes the inter-Orthodox conflict in Ukraine in the context of the search for ways of reconciliation. The path to reconciliation is shown to be a fundamental Christian principle capable of overcoming serious reasons for enmity and hatred, as has been repeatedly demonstrated in history. The potential of the concept of "open Orthodoxy" in the formation of a new culture of inter-Christian dialogue and coexistence is revealed, the implementation of which can ensure Ukraine not only the unity of Ukrainian Orthodoxy, but also the unity of the Ukrainian people. The role of the All-Ukrainian Council of Churches and Religious …


(Non)Ordination Of Women In The Evangelical Lutheran Church Of Latvia: Response Of Partner Churches, Dace Balode, Valdis Tēraudkalns Jan 2024

(Non)Ordination Of Women In The Evangelical Lutheran Church Of Latvia: Response Of Partner Churches, Dace Balode, Valdis Tēraudkalns

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

This article uses archival sources and other materials to analyze opinions in order to reconstruct events and responses, and to reveal theological arguments used by various sides in the debates on the ordination of women within the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia (ELCL). The primary interest of authors has been to provide a comprehensive historical exposition. In studying historical documents, authors employ classical methods like identifying the origin and context of documents, as well as using generic, comparative, and content analysis. Secondly, authors are exploring how the issue of women's ordination has impacted the ELCL's relationships with its partners, and …


Frontmatter (Volume 44, Issue 1), Paul B. Mojzes Jan 2024

Frontmatter (Volume 44, Issue 1), Paul B. Mojzes

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

No abstract provided.


Calendar Reforms In Ukrainian Orthodoxy, Nataliia Ishchuk Jan 2024

Calendar Reforms In Ukrainian Orthodoxy, Nataliia Ishchuk

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The study provides a brief retrospective and the current state of the calendar issue in Ukrainian Orthodoxy. To achieve this, the attitude towards the calendar issue of those Orthodox Ukrainians who, in certain historical periods, lived in Ukrainian territories as part of European states and the Russian Empire, is examined. The ideological discourse of the calendar reform during the existence of the Soviet Union is outlined. Special attention is given to the calendar issue in Independent Ukraine. The reasons, main stages, features, and difficulties of the current transition of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church to the new Julian calendar are systematized. …


The Essence Of The Image Of The Fool In The Context Of The Orthodox Teachings In Eastern Europe, Olga Polumysna, Valeriy Bulatov Jan 2024

The Essence Of The Image Of The Fool In The Context Of The Orthodox Teachings In Eastern Europe, Olga Polumysna, Valeriy Bulatov

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article explores aspects of the image of the holy fool in the context of Orthodox teaching in Eastern Europe. The phenomenon of people who are called holy fools in the thinking and teaching of the Orthodox religious tradition is a controversial issue and still causes conflicting opinions, because the actions of people called holy fools are difficult to understand both for simple observers and for Orthodox researchers. The contrast of opinions in the formation of the holy fool's gestalt is of particular interest to this study. Is the life of holy fools directly connected with sacred life and Orthodox …


17th Century Ecumenical Activities Between Ecumenical Patriarchate And The Early Protestant Churches, Svetoslav Ribolov Jan 2024

17th Century Ecumenical Activities Between Ecumenical Patriarchate And The Early Protestant Churches, Svetoslav Ribolov

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The ecumenical activities and contacts between the Ecumenical Patriarchate and the Protestant churches in the 17th century were largely shaped by two remarkable figures of the Orthodox Church–the Patriarch of Constantinople Cyril Lucaris and Metrophanes Kritopoulos, who later became the Patriarch of Alexandria. Their sincere desire for contact with Protestant theologians, along with their commitment to open dialogue and cooperation was the most important factor in Orthodox-Protestant relations in that era. However, while the political climate in Europe initially allowed for some rapprochement between Christians in the Ottoman Empire and those who had embraced the Reformation, things eventually changed after …


"The Mission Of The Church In The Post-War Perspective Of Ukraine": International Theological Conference 2024, Vladyslav Fulmes Jan 2024

"The Mission Of The Church In The Post-War Perspective Of Ukraine": International Theological Conference 2024, Vladyslav Fulmes

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

On June 06, 2024 Volyn Orthodox Theological Academy (Lutsk, Ukraine) held an international theological conference “The Mission of the Church in the Post-war Perspective of Ukraine”. Brief information about this international scientific conference is given.


A Special Issue On The Ordination Of Women In Latvia, Paul B. Mojzes, Beth Admiraal, David Baer, Alex Rolfe Jan 2024

A Special Issue On The Ordination Of Women In Latvia, Paul B. Mojzes, Beth Admiraal, David Baer, Alex Rolfe

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

No abstract provided.


When Local Meets Global: Siberian Khanty Religious Traditions In The Everchanging World, Elena Glavatskaya Jan 2024

When Local Meets Global: Siberian Khanty Religious Traditions In The Everchanging World, Elena Glavatskaya

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

This article focuses on the ethnic history and religious traditions of the Khanty (formerly known as Ostiaks), a Finno-Ugric people dwelling in the north of Western Siberia and its responses to the global influences. With 40 other widely dispersed small peoples of the Russian North and Siberia, they are classified as aboriginal small-numbered people of the North and Siberia. The last three decades of their ethnic history was marked by a stormy process of ethnic and religious mobilization started in the context of the environmental crisis of the 1980-90s, which threatened their traditional land use. This article aims to analyze …


The Efffects Of The Rupnik Scandal On Slovenian Catholics, Marjan Smrke Jan 2024

The Efffects Of The Rupnik Scandal On Slovenian Catholics, Marjan Smrke

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

At the end of 2022, Slovenia and the Catholic world were shocked by news of the inappropriate sexual behavior of the globally successful sacral artist Father Marko Ivan Rupnik. In 2023, after additional accusations of (former) nuns of the Slovenian based female Loyola Community, Rupnik was expelled from the Jesuit Order and the Loyola Community dissolved. In this discussion, I will present the impact of the scandal on Slovenian Catholics. An analysis of posts posted on ten Catholic websites reveals nine types of responses: silence; denial or conspiracy theories; relativization; justification of Rupnik’s behavior; fortress mentality; deep disappointment; regret over …


Religious Musical Art Of Ukraine In The Conditions Of Cultural Transformations, Maksym Melnychuk, Oleh Sokolovskyi Jan 2024

Religious Musical Art Of Ukraine In The Conditions Of Cultural Transformations, Maksym Melnychuk, Oleh Sokolovskyi

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article explores Ukrainian religious musical art and highlights the transformative aspects of the development of Ukraine's spiritual music against the backdrop of cultural and historical changes. This phenomenon is analyzed as both a manifestation of the religiosity of the Ukrainian nation and its spiritual essence, as well as the result of the creative pursuits of composers--their doubts and efforts to infuse musical harmony with religious meaning and envelop their works with profound Christian significance. Spiritual music manifests and functions in various spheres of social existence but most naturally, fully, and effectively demonstrates its “life parameters” within temple and church …


Discursive Femininity In The Encounter Of Sultan Kamil And St. Francis, Zilka Spahić Šiljak Jan 2024

Discursive Femininity In The Encounter Of Sultan Kamil And St. Francis, Zilka Spahić Šiljak

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

In discussions about violence, wars, and peacebuilding, we often hear essentialist arguments about women and men, equating men with masculine and women with feminine characteristics, while avoiding the acceptance that both genders contain both sets of traits, depending on how they are nurtured and exhibited. Socialization polarizes and solidifies essentialist views on gender roles, and any deviation from these norms is sanctioned through stigmatization and exclusion. However, the greatest male spiritual authorities in the world serve as examples of embracing the feminine within themselves, and it is this acceptance that makes them memorable and continues to inspire humanity today. Two …


The Role Of The Moscow Patriarchate In Supporting The Russian-Ukrainian War, Bohdan Synchak Jan 2024

The Role Of The Moscow Patriarchate In Supporting The Russian-Ukrainian War, Bohdan Synchak

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article examines the role of the Moscow Patriarchate in supporting the Russian-Ukrainian war. It provides numerous examples of the Russian Orthodox Church’s (ROC) endorsement of Putin’s state ideology. The complexities of the ROC’s interactions with its branches abroad are outlined, highlighting both the alignment and contradictions in the statements of ROC leaders in Ukraine, the United States, Estonia, and other countries where public support for the war by representatives of the Moscow Patriarchate has been observed. The study tracks changes in the rhetoric of the ROC’s leader, Patriarch Kirill, from the onset of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in …


Persecution Of Clerics In Shida Kartli During The First Years Of Soviet Occupation, Giorgi Sosiashvili Prof. Dr., Aleksandre Mgebrishvili Prof. Dr. Jan 2024

Persecution Of Clerics In Shida Kartli During The First Years Of Soviet Occupation, Giorgi Sosiashvili Prof. Dr., Aleksandre Mgebrishvili Prof. Dr.

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

This article examines the profound impact of Bolshevik repression on Georgian society following the establishment of the Soviet regime in 1921, focusing particularly on the Orthodox Church and other religious communities. The Bolshevik government implemented a series of oppressive measures, including the closure of over a thousand churches and the systematic persecution of clergy, drastically reducing their numbers from thousands to just a few dozen. Key documents, such as Decree #22, exemplify the state’s efforts to strip the Church of legal rights and property, thereby eradicating its influence. The article highlights the formation of the "Union of the Godless," a …


Attempts For Liturgical Renewal In The Liturgical Books Of The Orthodox Church Of Ukraine, Andriy Dudchenko Jan 2024

Attempts For Liturgical Renewal In The Liturgical Books Of The Orthodox Church Of Ukraine, Andriy Dudchenko

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The purpose of this article is to analyze the changes introduced in the official liturgical books of the OCU from the perspective of liturgical renewal. Some of the corrections made in the new editions show a tendency to renew the liturgical life, to restore an original form of liturgical prayer by removing later additions. This applies first of all to the order of the Divine Liturgy, from which it is now proposed to eliminate the prayers for catechumens, the Troparion of the Third Hour, and the insertion of some words of Anaphora of St. John Chrysostom into the Anaphora of …