Latin American Languages and Societies Commons^™

"Everything Remains The Same And Yet Nothing Is The Same": Neocolonialism In The Caribbean Diaspora Through The Language Of Family And Servitude, Laura Barrio-Vilar

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay examines Jamaica Kincaid’s Lucy, a novel that tackles the process of decolonization from old and new forms of colonialism through the language of servitude and family (specifically, mother-daughter relationships). The novel’s protagonist is not only an example of the wave of West Indian migration and the feminization of labor, but her agency also provides Kincaid with the necessary platform to deploy her views on U.S. imperialism. I propose reading Lucy’s evolution toward self-determination as not only an individual but also a collective experience. I interpret the novel as an allegory that can help us better understand the …

Wifredo Lam, The Shango Priestess, And The Femme Cheval, Paula Sato

Journal of International Women's Studies

This article examines Afro-Cuban painter Wifredo Lam and his iconic construction of Afro-Cuban identity. From the vantage point of a literary scholar rather than art historian, and in keeping with Lam’s description of his paintings as “poetry,” I read his artwork as terse lines of verse, rich in metaphors. Although Lam is regarded as the painter of Negritude, commonly understood as a male-centered movement, he distinguishes himself from his contemporaries by incorporating in his brand of Negritude two female figures as metaphors of the power to decolonize the mind. One of those figures is his Afro-Cuban godmother, Mantonica Wilson. Healer, …

Julia Alvarez And Haiti: Transgressing Imposed Borders In In The Time Of The Butterflies, A Wedding In Haiti, And Protests Against Ruling 0168-13, Ellen Mayock

Journal of International Women's Studies

Throughout her writing career Julia Alvarez has been examining definitions of the “Americas” and rethinking conceptualizations of the nation. Her multiperspectivist literary works have given voice to women of the Dominican Republic, Haiti, the United States, and to those who, as Alvarez says, “shift from foot to foot.” This article looks at Alvarez’s recent activism along the Haiti-Dominican Republic border and calls upon Alvarez’s In the Time of the Butterflies (1994) to establish how the author uses the feminist and activist transgressions of the Mirabal sisters to speak against the Dominican legacy of anti-Haitian sentiment and political action, so firmly …

The Politics Of Natural Knowing: Contraceptive Plant Properties In The Caribbean, Rachel O’Donnell

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper considers the eighteenth-century ‘voyages of discovery’ to the Americas within the framework of colonial history and the development of modern scientific practice and method. It uses a feminist methodological approach toward concepts of natural knowledge and knowledge production. The essay looks specifically at knowledges of particular plants from the Caribbean and their properties, focusing on one plant still used for fertility throughout the region. I investigate the centrality of Caribbean natural knowledge to the development of differing historical perspectives on nature as well as the relationship between the development of European botanical sciences and natural knowledge in the …

Fanm Vanyan: A Cultural Interpretation Of Resilience In Haitian Women, Castagna Lacet

Journal of International Women's Studies

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that promoted resilience in Haitian women earthquake survivors. The literature on mental health among Haitians is sparse. Furthermore, the concept of resilience is not easily translated across cultures. In the aftermath of the devastating 2010 Haiti earthquake, relocated victims struggled to adjust. This study looks at what factors helped women adjust to their new environment and cope with the traumas and losses suffered from the earthquake. A qualitative design was used to discover and describe resilience. Findings indicate that cultural values and strengths were key factors in the women’s perseverance.

A Narrative Review Of Maternal Depression Research Focusing On Women Of Caribbean Descent In The Diaspora And Caribbean Women In The Region, Fatimah Jackson-Best

Journal of International Women's Studies

Maternal depression is a global public health issue (Almond, 2009); however, much of the existing research on conditions like the ‘baby blues’ and postpartum depression have been conducted with White women in North America and Europe. This narrative review seeks to expand the scope of maternal depression research by including and analyzing maternal depression studies conducted with Caribbean descent women living in the Diaspora and women in the English-speaking Caribbean alongside some of the work from North America and Europe. Through this engagement with the existing research three thematic areas emerged. These are: widely used prevalence and incidence rates of …

Social Erotics: The Fluidity Of Love, Desire And Friendship For Same-Sex Loving Women In Trinidad, Krystal Ghisyawan

Journal of International Women's Studies

Love takes many forms and can serve different functions in a person’s life. Some forms, such as romantic love, familial love, and love within friendship, while sometimes distinct, at other times cannot be separated. This paper discusses love and friendship for same-sex loving women in Trinidad, exploring this mutability of love, the functions of love and intimacy in these women’s lives, the role of social media and social circles for finding love, all while considering the notion that love amongst same-sex loving women is an act of resistance. Forty same-sex loving women were individually interviewed, and this paper is written …

Interview With Patricia Mohammed: The Status Of Indo-Caribbean Women: From Indenture To The Contemporary Period, Lomarsh Roopnarine

Journal of International Women's Studies

The following interview with Patricia Mohammed discusses the status of Indo-Caribbean women from indenture to the contemporary period. The interview seeks to understand why Indo-Caribbean women have been marginalized in the general historiography of the Caribbean and how the status of Indo-Caribbean has evolved in a predominantly patriarchal Caribbean plantation system. Some central questions in the interview are as follows: Are women better off in the Caribbean than their ancestral home in India. Are they still subjected to patriarchal trends in the home and at the work place, or any other place in the Caribbean? If they are, what sort …

Introduction: Women And Gender: Looking Toward "Caribbeanness", Allyson S. Ferrante, Diana Fox

Journal of International Women's Studies

In this special issue of the JIWS, fourteen authors explore varying iterations of “Caribbeanness” and what it means to identify its specific cultural unity through diversity in literature, various forms of activism, and constructions of feminism, identity, femininity, masculinity, and sexuality.

Art Collectors In Network And Identity Narratives: Contributions To A Cartography Of The Genre Of Types And Costumes In South America, Josefina De La Maza, Juan Ricardo Rey Márquez, Catalina Valdés, Carolina Vanegas Carrasco

Artl@s Bulletin

One of the best-known visual manifestations of nineteenth-century Latin America is costumbrismo, a genre that describes social types and popular subjects. Scholarship has usually understood this genre as an illustration of early Republican times produced by the gaze of European artists, proposing a hierarchical structure in relation to the production and consumption patterns of these images. Following the path opened in the last decade by new studies, this paper contributes to the ongoing debates on costumbrismo, by examining the role played by a South American network of historians and collectors modeling identity narratives throughout the twentieth-century.

Les Transferts De « L’Art Total » De La Suisse Au Brésil : Une Modernisation Très Particulière, Ana Paula Cavalcanti Simioni

Artl@s Bulletin

Cet article considère les projets d’art décoratif réalisés par John et Regina Graz, un couple pionnier dans l’introduction de l’idée d’ « art total » au Brésil (1920-30). On s’intéresse à la façon dont ils transposèrent dans un contexte très différent des modèles et des hiérarchies appris durant leur formation à Genève, selon un processus de réception sélective qui correspondait aux projets d'identité et de distinction de l'élite locale brésilienne. Plus largement, cette étude de la réception des arts décoratifs au Brésil permet de découvrir d'autres modèles artistiques modernistes que ceux venus de Paris, auxquels on résume encore l’histoire de …

L’Art Espagnol De L’Europe À L’Argentine : Mobilités Nord-Sud, Transferts Et Réceptions (1890-1920), Laura Karp Lugo

Artl@s Bulletin

Au tournant du XX^e siècle, Buenos Aires était une vitrine privilégiée pour la diffusion des artistes espagnols qui, pour promouvoir leur œuvre, ne bénéficiaient dans leur pays que d’une faible structure. Réfléchissant sur les imbrications entre la situation du marché de l’art espagnol et la réception des artistes espagnols en Argentine de 1890 à 1920 environ, cette étude contribue à éclairer les raisons de cette immigration massive et la manière dont ces circulations artistiques se sont opérées. Cet article analyse des questions d’identité et d’histoire du goût, dans une approche intercontinentale qui relève de la méthode des transferts culturels.

Les Peintures De Paysages De Johann Moritz Rugendas : Un Exemple De Transferts Artistiques Entre Europe Et Amérique Latine Au Xixe Siècle, Lucile Magnin

Artl@s Bulletin

Cet article examine deux séries de peintures de paysages réalisées par le peintre voyageur Johann Moritz Rugendas dans les années 1830 : un corpus d’esquisses à l’huile peintes lors de son voyage au Mexique, et un autre ensemble de peintures effectuées lors de sa traversée des Andes entre Santiago du Chili et Mendoza. Il pose la question du transfert et de l’adaptation de techniques apprises et de courants de pensées intégrés en Europe, à des paysages de type nouveau vierges de toute représentation artistique. Il traite également de l’impact qu’eurent les œuvres de cet artiste dans les pays latino-américains où …

Del Entusiasmo Al Desencanto: Ironía Y Modernidad En La Obra De Tres Poetas Tzántzicos, Juan Carlos González Granja

Spanish and Portuguese ETDs

In this dissertation I study the poetry of the Tzántzicos, an Ecuadorian cultural movement that in the 1960s intended to subvert the social order and assert the role of literature in the destabilization of the capitalist society. I analyze the poetry of Ulises Estrella, Raúl Arias, and Humberto Vinueza as a biography of a generation of leftist intellectuals engaged with the Revolution, and as a meaningful moment in the history of Ecuadorian modernity. I identify two moments in the continuum of this poetry across the decades from the 1960s to the present: enthusiasm and disenchantment. The moment of enthusiasm registers …

Fragmentation And Multiplicity In Cuban-American Identity: In Cuba I Was A German Shepherd By Ana Menéndez And Memory Mambo By Achy Obejas, Daimys E. Garcia

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Maria Lugones offers a new way of perceiving the world, which makes visible that fragmentation is not a valuable and transgressive understanding of identity, as Western philosophy and some political theory suggests. What Lugones believes in, as a strategy of resistance to the dominant gaze, is multiplicity – mestizaje. Using Lugones’s framework, this thesis will look at the different aspects of Cuban-American characters in In Cuba I was a German Shepherd by Ana Menéndez and Memory Mambo by Achy Obejas. Each novel offers insight into how characters develop and understand themselves (and others) when they use language that shows that …

Gritos En El Desierto: Denuncia Y Resistencia En Las Obras De Las Escritoras Wayuu Estercilia Simanca Pushaina Y Vicenta Marí­A Siosi Pino, Lindsay H. Perwak

Dissertations and Theses

The way we read and interpret literature is frequently influenced by factors that operate beyond the scope of the average reader's awareness. In this thesis, selected works by two Wayuu writers, Estercilia Simanca Pushaina and Vicenta Maria Siosi Pino, are analyzed and interpreted in an attempt to unveil some of these behind-the-scenes agents and issues, as well as explore how the stories' classification in the children's literature genre reveals a deep-rooted colonial tendency to infantilize indigenous individuals in contemporary Colombia.

Despite the fact that the two authors, both mestizo women who self-identify with the Wayuu indigenous group of northern Colombia, …

Francisco Pedro Do Amaral (C. 1780-1830), Amy J. Buono

Art Faculty Books and Book Chapters

A biographical essay on Francisco Pedro do Amaral (c. 1780–1830), Afro- Brazilian painter, stage designer, and decorative artist.

Ice, Genesis Montalvo

First-Gen Voices: Creative and Critical Narratives on the First-Generation College Experience

Commonly known as ICE, the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement works to monitor the level of illegal migration to the United States. They also are in charge of at least 40% of deportation of innocent, non-criminal immigration violators. At times, the children of these immigrants are born in the United States. As US citizens, ICE cannot deport them without violating their rights, resulting in the separation of families. This poem speaks of a young child whose mother was deported by ICE and the yearning of wanting to know where the mother is. The mix of English and Spanish reinforces the …

The Beauty Within Us, Areli C. Hernandez

First-Gen Voices: Creative and Critical Narratives on the First-Generation College Experience

This piece of prose, inspired by Chapter 23 of John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath, tells the story of a simple, yet vivacious get-together of migrant Latino workers, exploring the beauty within us--members of the migrant farm worker community.

Hamilton, Democracy, And Theatre In America, Patricia Herrera

Theatre and Dance Faculty Publications

I, along with University of Richmond professors Lázaro Lima and Laura Browder, received an National Endowment for the Humanities and the American Library Association Latino Americans grant this year to organize the Latinos in Richmond program, which coincided with two classes that we taught this spring: the Tocqueville Seminar “Performing Latino USA: Democracy, Demography, and Equality” and the First-Year Seminar “Telling Richmond’s Latino Stories: A Community Documentary Project.” Since the goal of both courses was to explore how Latinos—the nation’s largest “minority” group in a representative democracy like America­—is also the most underrepresented, I was interested in understanding Hamilton through …

A Linguistic Comparison: Stress-Timed And Syllable-Timed Languages And Their Impact On Second Language Acquisition, Madeline M. Conlen

Honors College Theses

Acquisition of a second language can be a challenging task because no two languages are alike in their structure, syllabification, pronunciation, rhythm, etc. Also, after speaking one language for any amount of time, the speaker becomes accustomed to the specific qualities of that language; therefore, learning to speak another language takes extra effort because it is essentially rewiring the brain to think differently in many ways. One important element of language is prosody, or the patterns of stress and intonation in language (Dilley et al 237). The subsector of prosody that is to be studied is rhythm, explicitly isochrony and …

Intercultural Hierarchy Reinforced Through North American Voluntourism Efforts In Latin America And The Caribbean, Nancy Michelle Ford

Student Scholarship

In this thesis, my goal is to share the insight I have gleaned from my academic, professional and personal involvement in the region. The most dominant theme I have observed is the rising trend of North American volunteer tourism (also referred to as “voluntourism”) in LAC and unanticipated consequences it involves. This trend reinforces an intercultural hierarchy, which will be the focus of my study.

I will begin with an overview of the intercultural, hierarchical mentality and explain two key aspects it involves: the North American “Planner” or “fix-it” tendencies toward the region, and the region’s developed dependence on North …

Guatemala: Modernización, Mujer Y Salud Pública A Mediados Del Siglo Xx. Una Lectura De Azul Y Roca De Walda Valenti Y Evangelina Va Al Vampo Y Emilia De Teresa Arévalo, Claudia García

Foreign Languages and Literature Faculty Publications

Ana María Rodas (1937), Isabel Garma (1940-98), Carmen Matute (1944), Aída Toledo (1952), Mildred Hernández (1966) y Jessica Masaya (1972) son algunas de las autoras guatemaltecas que empezaron a publicar narrativa en la última década del siglo pasado, disputando espacios en un campo literario hegemonízado por la produccíón masculina, al que las mujeres solían acceder más fácilmente por medio de la poesia que del cuento.

Crops Or Crafts? Changes In Land Use In The Imbabura Valley Of Ecuador, Christopher Richard Hair

Master's Theses

In rural societies where urbanization and modernization are contributing to rapid growth, changes in land use can both reflect and bring about broader changes within a community. This study seeks to investigate changes in land use in the Imbabura valley of Ecuador from the perspective of the local inhabitants. To accomplish this, three data collection techniques were employed: repeat photography, ethnographic interviews, and archival research. Repeat photography involves re-photographing historic photographs from the original site. A combination of 35 historic photographs taken in the 1950s were re-photographed during the summer of 2015. The resulting repeat photo pairs were used in …

Festival De Lasa2016: Looking Back, The 60s & 70s / Ayotzinapa, Forced Disappearances / Soberanía Alimentaria, Sustainability, Claudia Ferman, Claudia Ferman

Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies Faculty Publications

Esta es una edición especial del festival: cuatro días que celebran los 50 años de LASA, y lo hacen mirando hacia atrás, hacia los años turbulentos que dieron nacimiento a nuestra institución (Looking Back: The 60s & 70s); mirando el presente, en la conflictividad que generan sistemas políticos que bajo una institucionalidad de simulacro democrático, perpetúa y multiplica la concentración del poder y el desempoderamiento de los pueblos (Ayotzinapa: Forced Disappearances); y mirando hacia el futuro, documentando la emergencia alimentaria y sanitaria que la agroindustria y sus agrotóxicos están produciendo, así como el enorme potencial social y político que tiene …

Review: Americans In The Treasure House: Travel To Porfirian Mexico And The Cultural Politics Of Empire. By Jason Ruiz, George T. Díaz

History Faculty Publications

Well written and persuasive, Jason Ruiz gives readers a beautiful book on Americans’ literal and figurative image of Mexico under and immediately after Dıaz. A history of pictures rather than a pictorial history, Americans in the Treasure House has great depth and will be useful to scholars of U.S.–Mexican relations, travel, and the gendered politics of empire.

Choral Theatre, Albert Joseph Wolfe Jr.

Dissertations

Jamaica gained its independence from Great Britain in 1962, after some 300 years of colonization. Prior to Independence, the standard arts education curriculum was decidedly British and Western European. That which was labeled Caribbean or Jamaican “folk” by the British was deemed inferior and was not taught, demonstrated, or performed in formal settings. Thus, generations of Jamaicans never observed or imagined a Caribbean aesthetic in the visual and performing arts. Instead, pre-Independence Jamaicans were taught British and Western European music and performed it the “British” way.

Today, Jamaicans boast a number of artistic developments that are instantly recognized across the …

Spanish For Heritage Speakers: Instructional Module #2, Gabriela C. Zapata

Activities and Assignments Collection

This is the second instructional module for the teaching of Spanish to heritage speakers at the intermediate level. The outcomes for this module are as follows:

1. Students will be able to understand the way in which a persuasive essay is organized and written;

2. Students will be able to continue applying the rules for the accentuation of palabras esdrújulas and agudas to improve their spelling;

3. Students will be able to understand the rules that govern the present tense in Spanish and why it is the most appropriate tense when writing a persuasive essay.

4. Students will learn the …

La Traducción E Interpretación Como Trasfondo Y Consecuencia En Los Personajes De La Novela "Malinche" De Laura Esquivel, Blanca Jaimes-Luna

Theses and Dissertations

En esta tesis muestro el trasfondo y consecuencia de la función de los intérpretes como mediadores lingüísticos y culturales dentro de la novela histórica Malinche de Laura Esquivel (México, 1950). Se estudia la novela como texto histórico, enfatizando el papel del intérprete como mediador cultural y lingüístico. El apoyo crítico y teórico se fundamenta en Perea, Glantz, Goetz y Baudot, primordialmente. El primer capítulo estudia la función mediadora del intérprete y su función lingüística. El segundo capítulo analiza la empresa española y la conquista de México, destacándose el papel de intérprete que Malinalli- Malinche desempeñó para ellos. El tercer capítulo …

La Incorporación De Los Elementos Del Latín Y Griego En La Enseñanza Del Español En Las Ciencias Médicas: Un Plan Metodológico Experimental [The Incorporation Of Latin And Greek Elements In The Teaching Of Spanish In Medical Sciences: An Experimental Methodological Plan], Jesus Ramos

Theses and Dissertations

The use of greco-latin etymologies in teaching Spanish medical terminology. An experimental methodological approach bases on grammar, history of medicine, physiological concepts. The exploration of the diverse prefixes and suffixes forming medical scientific terminology in medical specialties, the use of words and its context in medicine and related sciences.

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El uso de etimologías grecolatinas en la enseñanza de la terminología médica española. Un enfoque metodológico experimental basado en la gramática, la historia de la medicina, conceptos fisiológicos. La exploración de los diversos prefijos y sufijos que forman la terminología científica médica en las especialidades médicas, el uso de las …