Latin American Languages and Societies Commons^™

Yucatán's Pirate Novels And The Discursive Mayan Rebel In The Nineteenth-Century Criollo Imaginary, Sarah West

Sarah West

Indigenous Experiences In Agricultural Production In Ecuador: Sustaining And Ancient Cultural Tradition Of Growing And Consuming Quinoa, Sumac Elisa Cárdenas Oleas

Elisa Cardenas

Colonialization’s racism and discrimination in Latin America have pushed many indigenous populations to poverty in isolated rural areas with limited access to resources, education, and technology, particularly as relates to agriculture, their main source of income and employment. Governments and development organizations recognize agriculture as a key channel for developmental growth in rural areas. Fundamyf, a non-governmental organization, has focused on promoting agricultural growth to increase the quality of life of small-scale indigenous producers through the production, consumption, and sale of quinoa. While quinoa is an ancient crop traditionally consumed and produced by indigenous populations in the Andes of South …

"Trans-American Indigeneities", Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

Forthcoming.

Review Of Native And National In Brazil (American Historical Review), Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

No abstract provided.

An Unusual Empirical Pattern In An Indigenous Setting: Cooperative Entrepreneurship Among Brazil Nut (Bertholletia Excelsa) Harvesters, Leo Paul Dana, Julie Mallet

Leo- Paul Dana

The rainforest, as a symbol of life and diversity, is currently under the spotlight; its conservation is a challenge. Although for centuries indigenous people developed sustainable activities within that environment, there is concern today about how to develop viable activities that lead to productive entrepreneurship whilst preserving natural capital. This article investigates best practices of entrepreneurs who cooperate in an organisation, leading to sustainable development. Their experience may inspire others to draw new perspectives.

Masculinidad, Raza Y Clase En Boquitas Pintadas De Manuel Puig, Cesar Valverde

Cesar Valverde

No abstract provided.

Are You Really Going To Eat That? Water, Power, And Bugs A La Tlaxcalteca, Jeanne Gillespie

JEANNE GILLESPIE

Narratives in Mesoamerica consistently used mytho-poetic data to frame their commentaries. For that reason, scholars must endeavor not only to understand the “facts” that Davies is seeking, but to also navigate the other organizing principles that frame historic narratives. It is not that these “details of fantasy” do not have significant historical value; it is that to understand these apparently fanciful components of the narrative, scholars must also understand the strategies and the rhetorical devices that the Amerindian narrators used to generate them. This study will examine an aspect of the rich and complex mytho-poetic data documenting the Battle of …

The Country Bleeds With A Laugh: Social Criticism Meets Horror Genre In José Mojica Marins’S “At Midnight I’Ll Take Your Soul (1963)”, Diana Anselmo-Sequeira

Diana Anselmo-Sequeira

Focused on Brazil’s first horror film, José Mojica Marins’s low-budget production "À Meia-Noite Levarei Sua Alma" (1963), this paper explores how Marins, a marginalized Cinema Novo director, used classical horror conventions as tools for political critique. An analysis of this cinematic landmark reveals that Marins’s homegrown horror intersected with Cinema Novo’s main themes, such as cannibalism, class asymmetries, Hollywood’s influence, rightwing censorship, and national identity. Poignantly self-aware, I argue that this campy horror film in fact worked through seminal tensions besieging Brazilian culture throughout the violent dictatorship years (1964-1985), namely the conflicts between urban and rural spaces, intellectuals and illiterates, …

Chicano Art & Artists, Lauren L. Gallow

Lauren L. Gallow

The Latino American Experience: The American Mosaic is the first-ever database dedicated to the history and culture of Latinos—the largest, fastest-growing minority group in the United States. The Latino American Experience: The American Mosaic explores the rich heritage and current culture of Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Guatemalans, Cubans, Dominicans, Colombians, Ecuadorians, and other Hispanic cultures in the United States—an estimated 44 million individuals who have formed unique, self-sufficient, and vibrant communities across the nation. These entries focus on Chicano/a artists and artworks from the late 20th century.

Writing Indigenous Activism In Brazil: Belo Monte And The Acampamento Indígena Revolucionário, Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

Claiming the authority to adopt the pen (and the laptop) on behalf of their communities and in the interest of “all humanity,” Native Brazilian writers call into question the nationalist rhetoric, colonialist rationale, and neoliberal math that have been used by the state and propped up by its dominant majority to justify recent anti-indigenous public policies in the name of Brazilian sovereignty and development. Key among these is the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam, revived from military rule by the administration of President Luís Inácio Lula da Silva, and currently a lynchpin of the Rousseff administration’s Accelerated Growth Program (PAC). In …

"Whence Amazonian Studies", Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

A brief account of the history of Amazonian Studies and the current state of the field.

The Clinical Gaze In The Practice Of Migrant Health: Indigenous Mexican Migrants In The United States, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

This paper utilizes eighteen months of ethnographic and interview research undertaken in 2003 and 2004 as well as follow-up fieldwork from 2005 to 2007 to explore the sociocultural factors affecting the interactions and barriers between U.S. biomedical professionals and their unauthorized Mexican migrant patients. The participants include unauthorized indigenous Triqui migrants along a transnational circuit from the mountains of Oaxaca, Mexico, to central California, to northwest Washington State and the physicians and nurses staffing the clinics serving Triqui people in these locations. The data show that social and economic structures in health care and subtle cultural factors in biomedicine keep …

Americas And Caribbean Islands Union, Ruben B. Botello Jd

Ruben B Botello JD

In Search Of America, Ellen Bigler

Ellen Bigler

Taken collectively, Latinos are now the largest minority group in the USA. This chapter, with a focus on U.S. Latinos, explores the changing face of the USA in recent decades and the significance of this demographic change for the ongoing construction and negotiation of an American identity. The culture wars (e.g., debates over the canon, curriculum, and language) of the late 1980s and 1990s, and the contested role of schools in the arena of critical multiculturalism, are examined for insights into the bases of resistance to change. The author draws from her experiences in public schools as both a teacher …

Dangerous Discourses, Ellen Bigler

Ellen Bigler

Contemporary historians of U.S. immigration and ethnicity, and those who chart the experiences of Puerto Ricans on the mainland, may recognize the flaws inherent in usingthe "immigrant analogy" to evaluate and anticipate the Puerto Rican experience on themainland. However, my ethnographic research in an upstate New York city with a growingPuerto Rican population suggests that such perspectives have yet to make their way intothe mainstream. In analysis of community and school discourse over a three-year period, Ifound ethnic success stories being used by community "old-timers" to "discipline" thosewho are judged to have failed through a dearth of hard work. Within …

The Codex Of Tlaxcala: Indigenous Petitions And The Discourse Of Heterarchy., Jeanne Gillespie

JEANNE GILLESPIE

As the colony of Nueva España emerged, the indigenous Tlaxcalans, who had supported Cortés in the defeat of the Mexica-Tenochca and their allies, developed detailed narratives to document their participation in the colonial endeavor. These newest and most fervent Spanish colonial subjects accompanied explorations and eventually were pressed into relocation to establish colonial settlements in areas where the indigenous population was not as supportive of the European settlements. Tlaxcalans accompanied expeditions to Central America, the Pacific coast, northward along the Gulf Coast and to the northwest into what is today the US Southwest, including the ill-fated and extremely controversial trip …

Pedro Gaspar González’S A Mayan Life: Three Audiences, Three Strategies For Revitalization, Reginald B. Dyck

Reginald B Dyck

No abstract provided.

Clinical Subjectivation: Anthropologies Of Contemporary Biomedical Training., Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md, Angela C. Jenks Phd, Scott Stonington Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

No abstract provided.

En-Case-Ing The Patient: Disciplining Uncertainty In Medical Student Patient Presentations., Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md, Maya Ponte Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

The problem-oriented medical record is the widespread, standardized format for presenting and recording information about patients, which is taught to future physicians early in their medical training. Based on our participant obser- vation of medical training, we analyze the ways in which the patient presentation operates in medical training as a disciplinary technology that manages uncertainty in the clinical decision-making process. We uncover various mechanisms at work including the construction of a coherent narrative structure in which chaotic experiences are re-organized and re-interpreted to fit neatly in a linear plot with a predictable ending, the atomization of the patient as …

Structural Vulnerability And Hierarchies Of Ethnicity And Citizenship On The Farm., Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

Every year, the United States employs nearly two million seasonal farm laborers, approximately half of whom are migrants (Rothenberg 1998). This article utilizes one year of participant observation on a berry farm in Washington State to analyze hierarchies of ethnicity and citizenship, structural vulnerability, and health disparities in agriculture in the United States. The farm labor structure is organized along a segregated continuum from US citizen Anglo-American to US citizen Latino, undocumented mestizo Mexican to undocumented indigenous Mexican. The ethnography shows how this structure symbolically reinforces conflations of race with perceptions of civilized and modern subjects. These hierarchies produce what …

“Subalternidade Hegemônica: Darcy Ribeiro E A Virtude Da Contradição”, Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

RESUMO: Neste ensaio analiso o discurso latino-americanista do antropólogo, educador, político, e romancista Darcy Ribeiro. Diferentemente dos outros grandes proponentes da chamada “Pátria Grande”, e graças em parte à sua longa experiência de etnógrafo, Ribeiro reservou um lugar de destaque para os povos indígenas na sua conceituação de uma “federação de estados latino-americanos meridionais”. Como indigenista, chegou a considerar as sociedades americanas sob um ponto de vista que não buscava na modernidade colonialista o único ou o mais legítimo “regime de verdade” para formular uma teoria da história ou para construir um futuro melhor. Proponho que o caráter do pensamento …

“Our Indians In Our America: Anti-Imperialist Imperialism And The Construction Of Brazilian Modernity”, Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

Indigenous peoples have been used and imagined as guardians of the Brazilian frontier since at least the mid-nineteenth century. This association was central to the foundation of the Indian Protection Service (Serviço de Proteção aos Índios, or SPI) during the early 1900s and culminated with the Amazonian Vigilance System (Sistema de Vigelância da Amazônia, or SIVAM) at the turn of the millennium. Throughout the period, the abiding desire to establish defensive dominion over disputed national territory subjected individuals and groups identified as "Indians" to the power of overlapping discourses of scientific progress, national security, and economic development. A trinity of …

“Rimanakuy '86 And Other Fictions Of National Dialogue In Peru", Tracy Devine Guzmán

Tracy Devine Guzmán

No abstract provided.

Nuevo Plan De Aztlan, Ruben B. Botello Jd

Ruben B Botello JD

Nuevo Plan de Aztlan

WHEREAS, We the Chicanas y Chicanos of the United States of America honor Our Native American heritage with all Our hearts and minds.

WHEREAS, We the Chicanas y Chicanos of the United States of America honor the sacred call of Our Native American ancestors for Peace and Justice throughout Our Americas; and

WHEREAS, We the Chicanas y Chicanos of the United States of America recognize La Raza has been struggling with a new wave of racial harassment, discrimination and persecution in and outside Our Americas since September 11, 2001.

NOW THEREFORE, We the Chicanos y Chicanos …

Prácticas De Lectoescritura En Los Exvotos, Maria Eugenia De Luna Villalón

Maria Eugenia De Luna Villalón

Prácticas de Lectoescritura en los Exvotos Abstract Maria Eugenia de Luna University of Western Ontario mdelunav@uwo.ca En este trabajo estudio las prácticas de lectoescritura en los exvotos, su producción y usos, tomando en cuenta que las prácticas de lectoescritura nos ayudan a tener una mejor idea del concepto de cómo se unen en la práctica la escritura y la lectura con las estructuras sociales. Un exvoto es un documento lleno de información tanto visual como narrativa y gracias a estos se puede decir que se tienen un acervo histórico popular, donde a través de los siglos podemos ver ilustrados y …

Oaxacans Like To Work Bent Over: The Naturalization Of Social Suffering Among Berry Farm Workers, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

No abstract provided.

Social Medicine In The Twenty-First Century, Scott Stonington Phd, Md, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md, The Plos Medicine Editors

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

No abstract provided.

Health Is Still Social: Contemporary Examples In The Age Of The Genome, Timothy Holtz Md, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md, Scott Stonington Phd, Md, Leon Eisenberg Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

No abstract provided.

Parce Qu'ils Sont Plus Pres Sol: L'Invisibilisation De La Souffrance Sociale Des Cueilleurs De Baies, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

No abstract provided.

An Ethnographic Study Of The Social Context Of Migrant Health In The United States, Seth M. Holmes Phd, Md

Seth M. Holmes PhD, MD

Background

Migrant workers in the United States have extremely poor health. This paper aims to identify ways in which the social context of migrant farm workers affects their health and health care.

Methods and Findings

This qualitative study employs participant observation and interviews on farms and in clinics throughout 15 months of migration with a group of indigenous Triqui Mexicans in the western US and Mexico. Study participants include more than 130 farm workers and 30 clinicians. Data are analyzed utilizing grounded theory, accompanied by theories of structural violence, symbolic violence, and the clinical gaze. The study reveals that farm …