Language Interpretation and Translation Commons^™

Evidence For Explicitation: Working From Asl Into English, Campbell Mcdermid, Carrie Humphrey, Anita Harding

Journal of Interpretation

A study was done to examine the explicitation and compression strategies used by interpreters working from American Sign Language (ASL) into spoken English. To date, most research has focused only on their work from English into ASL. A review of the literature identified several expansion and compression strategies that interpreters and translators utilize, and these served as a model of coding the data and for triangulation. The methodology for this study was qualitative and descriptive. Twenty-two interpreters volunteered to simultaneously interpret four ASL recorded texts into spoken English, for a total of 88 target texts. The researchers identified 9 expansions …

Damn The Dams: Framing ‘Schizophrenic’ Discourses Of The Hindu Right, Nandita Ghosh

Critical Humanities

This article examines the concept of schizophrenia as a cultural metaphor in order to analyze the Hindu Right’s contradictory language-framing politics within the public domain, particularly in relation to building mega dams on rivers Narmada and Bhagirathi. In so doing, it intends to examine the nature of the public domain itself that enables such framing politics within the context of late 20^th-early-21^st-century global capital. Language battles in the public domain have intensified during this period, especially through various forms of digital media. In India, the various groups that form the Hindu Right have often mixed the …

¿Qué Dijo El Médico?: Creating A Procedural Preparation Booklet For Spanish-Speaking Patients And Families In The Pediatric Hospital Setting, Caitlyn Bockbrader

Honors Projects

The purpose of my Honors Project is to demonstrate the need for and creation of a resource that supports Spanish-speaking children’s ability to cope through commonly stressful medical procedures. In developing this project, I conducted a literature review on the efficacy of preparation booklets in lessening pre-procedural anxiety, cultural considerations for the Hispanic community, and current barriers to equitable language access in healthcare settings. My final product was designed to answer the following question: How can the psychosocial outcomes of Spanish-speaking children in U.S. hospitals be improved through the use of Child Life procedural preparation materials? In answering this question, …

A Feedback Loop Of Exclusion: The Treatment Of Bilingualism In The Courtroom, Simone Stover

Northwestern University Law Review

In the 1991 case Hernandez v. New York, the United States Supreme Court characterized bilingualism as a race-neutral trait that can be used to exclude individuals from jury service. This Note proceeds by demonstrating how the current state of the law undermines the interests of bilingual individuals and then proposes a solution. Focusing specifically on Hispanic bilingual Spanish speakers, this Note first employs Professor Jennifer Lackey’s multi-directional credibility model to show that bilingual Spanish speakers suffer injustice in the courtroom due to both credibility deficits and excesses. Following this analysis, it proposes a possible solution to this issue: an …

Acknowledging Dispossession: A Cda/Pda Perspective On Discourse Dealing With Unceded Land, J. R. Martin, Priscilla Angela T. Cruz

English Faculty Publications

This paper illustrates what can be revealed by a linguistic analysis of the discourse strategies deployed in a bilingual text acknowledging the dispossession of Indigenous peoples in Mindanao (Philippines). The analysis draws on systemic functional linguistics (SFL) descriptions of English, which model language as a resource for making meaning. It explores the choices involved from the perspective of critical discourse analysis (CDA), exposing language in the service of power, and positive discourse analysis (PDA), appreciating language as an instrument of social change. In doing so we exemplify the role of SFL-informed CDA/PDA in processes of reconciliation, including personal and public …

Carrying Meaning, Bridging Worlds: Indigenous Language Localization In Western Courts, Nora K. Rivera

English Faculty Articles and Research

This work examines the localization practices of Indigenous court interpreters through prototyping and analyzing legal glossaries in eight Indigenous languages from the State of Oaxaca, Mexico. These languages are often needed in Mexican courts and immigration court hearings in the United States. Thus, examining the localization praxes of the court interpreters who use them can provide important intercultural technical and professional communication insights in global contexts. I compare the preliminary results of this ongoing study with the court interpreters' code of ethics from the State of California to demonstrate how Western court assumptions about language interpretation cause gaps between worldviews. …

Enseignement-Apprentissage Du Français Langue Étrangère En Arabie Saoudite : Quels Impacts Sur L’Apprentissage De La Traduction ?, Shua’A Alamri

Al-Kīmiyā

Today’s globalization imposes, more than ever, exchanges between peoples and states. Consequently, the need for openness to others, which translates into listening and communicating, justifies, in many cases, the learning of languages spoken by foreign peoples. As a result, several languages with different statuses can coexist in the same country. Aligning with this general trend of globalization, Saudi Arabia has gradually integrated the learning of French into its educational and university system, even opening departments dedicated to the translation of this language. This study questions the correlation between the status conferred to French and the learning of translation. In other …

Introduction, La Rédaction De « Al-Kīmiyā »

Al-Kīmiyā

Le numéro 24 d’Al-Kīmiyā se situe dans l’univers de la multidisciplinarité, alliant langue, traduction, communication, politique, littérature et sociologie. Les contributions, émanant pour la plupart du continent africain, ouvrent la voie à des réflexions sur des questions diverses ayant trait à notre monde d’aujourd’hui et à sa relation avec son patrimoine culturel et linguistique [...]

De L’Oral À L’Écrit : Pour Une Traduction Du Statut Social De La Littérature Dans « L’Arbre Anthropophage » De Jean-Luc Raharimanana, Fitahianjanahary Ralaiharinony

Al-Kīmiyā

“In Africa, an old person who dies is like a burning library”, emphasizes Amhadou Ampaté Bâ. This statement highlights the significant role of an elderly person who, in Madagascar, stands as the guardian of the knowledge governing social harmony. It has become a tradition for the youth to gather around the elders or “masters of speech” to benefit from teachings transmitted through legends, proverbs, and stories. In this context, the essence of oral tradition, closely connected to humanity, reveals its worldview while maintaining its ultimate mission: the preservation of culture. Considering this perspective, we will examine Malagasy literature in French …

لا وجود للذكاء الاصطناعي – L’Intelligence Artificielle N’Existe Pas, May Hobeika Haddad

Al-Kīmiyā

Julia, L. (2019). L’intelligence artificielle n’existe pas. First Éditions

يمتاز كتاب لوك جوليا بأسلوب سهل مبسّط موجّه إلى مختلف أنواع القرّاء. وهو من بدايته واضح الأهداف: أبرزها كشف النقاب عن حقيقة ما اصطلح على تسميته بـ "الذكاء الاصطناعي". وهو مكتوب بصيغة المتكلّم ليشكّل نقلًا لتجربة شخصية من متخصّص في هذا المجال لا يتوانى فعلًا عن سرد وقائع من سيرته الذاتية
[...]

Contact Des Langues Dans La Littérature Camerounaise : L’Œuvre Romanesque De Camille Nkoa Atenga, Gisèle Piebop

Al-Kīmiyā

As official languages, French and English are crowned with high degree of normativization and normalization that favor their imposition in administration, education, the media and all other public sectors. Logically, the authors adopted them as written languages as well. Nkoa Atenga is one of those Negro-Africans who make French their language of romantic writing. How does he faithfully portray the specific realities of endogenous socioculture that do not exist in the repertoire of standardized French? The present study attempts to demonstrate that multilingualism and much more language contact are unique features of Cameroonian novel writing, and of Camille Nkoa Atenga …

"Speak Arabic!": Arabic Dialect Comparison Videos And The Reconfiguration Of The Maghreb-Mashreq Language Ideology, Jacquelyn Stewart-Kuhn

Honors Theses

There is a hidden power imbalance in the Arabic-speaking world. It is not related to warfare, politics, or oil, but language. For decades, Egyptian and Levantine (Mashreqi) dialects have been over-represented in Arabic language media, to the detriment of North African (Maghrebi) dialects. This imbalance has played a crucial role in reinforcing what Hachimi (2013) refers to as the “Maghreb-Mashreq language ideology,” i.e. the belief that Mashreqi dialects are superior to Maghrebi dialects. Yet in an era of social media, Mashreqi voices and dialects are becoming less dominant, and Arabic-speakers across the region are being increasingly exposed to Maghrebi voices …

What's In A Name? Plant Naming As Cultural Artifact And Story In The Midwestern United States, Sophie Wesseler

Undergraduate Theses

This project sought to collect and contextualize the historical and contemporary names given to plants by inhabitants of the Midwestern United States, understanding plant names as cultural artifacts that can offer insight into the communities in which they were created and evolved. Formatted as a series of entries, this collection gathered these names and contextualized them within other artifacts of cultural significance, such as art or poetry, and alongside historical research on their origins and cultural environments. Examining plant names through the fields of linguistics, semiology, anthropology, cultural studies, taxonomy, and ethnobotany, this work traces the names of various plants …

California Speech-Language Pathology Programs’ Emphasis On Cultural And Linguistic Diversity: An Environmental Scan, Natalia Aguirre

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

An Ecology Against The Right. Learning Uncertainty And Humility From Ecosystems, Pierre L. Ibisch, Mona Eikel-Pohen, Elias Iceman, Jake Snelling

Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics - All Scholarship

This article is a translation from the German to English. The title of the original is:

Ibisch, P.L. (2020): Eine Ökologie gegen rechts. Von Ökosystemen Unsicherheit und Demut lernen. In: Leitschuh, H., A. Brunnengräber, P.L. Ibisch, R. Loske, M. Müller, J. Sommer & E.-U. v. Weizsäcker (eds. J. Sommer, P.L. Ibisch, A. Brunnengräber): Ökologie und Heimat. Jahrbuch Ökologie 2021. Hirzel-Verlag, Stuttgart, 191-205.

La Traducción Política: El Silenciamiento Narrativo Y La Traducción Inglés-Español Bajo Francisco Franco, Avery Austin

World Languages and Cultures Student Papers and Posters

We tend to live under the assumption that translations will always attempt to be faithful to their original texts, blindly believing in the infallibility of the translator. However, in doing so, we ignore how translation can be used to take advantage of the reader – how can one know that a change has occurred in a translated work if they have no knowledge of the text’s original language? This paper studies the power dynamics of translation, and how it can be used as a tool to aid censorship. By focusing on translated literary works under the Franco regime, this work …

Western Science And Eastern Zen To Seek The Origin Of Truth: Philosophical Background Of Scale Modeling, Kozo Saito

Progress in Scale Modeling, an International Journal

This article was written to introduce philosophical background of scale modeling, where Zen philosophy was applied to overcome the limitation of logical thinking and hypotheses-driven deductive science. Three specific reasons are as follows. The first is related to the law approach in scale modeling; it uses the kufu principle, originated in Zen Buddhism, together with the other three scientific methods: experimental, theoretical, and computational. The second reason is because scale modeling seeks relativistic understanding by attempting to realize similarity; the concept is closer to Eastern philosophy rather than absolute understanding cultivated by deductive science. The third is in the educational …

¡Nuestra Historia Es Importante! Centering Ethnic Studies In The Spanish As A Heritage Language Classroom, Nancy Domínguez-Fret

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Tile of presentation

¡Nuestra historia es importante! Centering Ethnic Studies in the Spanish as a Heritage Language Classroom

Abstract for conference program

In the first part of this presentation, I will share my testimonio, which centers my lived experiences as a heritage speaker who became a SHL educator. In the second part I will share a unit rooted in Ethnic/Chicano studies that I designed and have implemented in my SHL classroom.

Presentation description

For numerous heritage speakers, Spanish as a Heritage Language (SHL) classes are their first opportunity to further develop their heritage language in an academic setting. SHL classes …

Cultura Y (Ataque De) Corazón: A Training For Health Professionals Needing Medical Interpretation Services, Elizabeth Dudek, Shelby Edwards

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

Limited English proficiency is a known barrier to quality health care outcomes (Green 2017, Helmi 2021). Inclusion of a certified language interpreter during health care encounters improves outcomes among ESL (English as a Second Language) patients (Karliner, Jacobs, Chen, and Mutha 2007). Interpretation with a certified interpreter promotes understanding between patients and their medical providers, and advances both health and race equity (Foiles Sifuentes, Robledo Cornejo, Castaneda-Avila, Tija, and Lapane 2020). Most health care workers receive no formal training in how to use an interpreter with limited English-proficiency patients. Located in the Hispanic Heritage District of an increasingly Latine mid-sized …

Empowering Spanish Heritage Learners Through A Community Informed, Online Medical Spanish Curriculum, Bonnie C. Holmes Ph.D., Kenneth Rhee Md

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

The lack of standardized medical Spanish curriculum leads to variable content and quality, often neglecting heritage language learners. Also, community engagement efforts seldom extend to curriculum development. Learn about a collaboration between Spanish faculty and a physician to create an innovative, virtual Spanish for healthcare curriculum that addresses these challenges.

Mi Idioma, Mi Cultura: Understanding Linguistic Oppression And Promoting Cultural Pride, Jacquelin A. Camacho

11th National Symposium on Spanish as a Heritage Language (Archived)

"Mi idioma, mi cultura”: a Heritage Spanish unit addressing language loss and cultural identity. This presentation unveils a unit tailored for suburban Chicago students, tackling language loss and Hispanic diaspora challenges. Through diverse methodologies, students explore historical and contemporary issues, fostering empathy and advocacy for linguistic diversity. Real-life narratives, interactive activities, and student-driven solutions intertwine to nurture cultural pride and preservation.

Introduction, La Rédaction De « Al-Kīmiyā »

Al-Kīmiyā

Al-Kīmiyā se présente à ses lecteurs cette fois en un double numéro comportant des articles couvrant divers domaines de recherche en traduction et en langues. L’absence délibérée de thématique a permis de recueillir une diversité de sujets, tels que l’enseignement de la traduction, la traduction littéraire, l’interprétation, les contraintes de traduction, ainsi que la grammaire arabe et la francophonie [...]

Enseignement De La Traduction Automatique Et De La Post-Édition : Enquête Sur L’Adéquation Des Formations Universitaires Avec La Réalité Du Terrain Du Traducteur, Sara Salmi

Al-Kīmiyā

Nowadays, machine translation has become part of many translators’ working environment, and its informed use can add value to their work (Loock, 2019). It is imperative for universities to teach students the necessary skills to adapt to these emerging technologies and a constantly evolving market. The survey, conducted as part of a master’s research thesis, aimed to evaluate the adequacy of post-editing training and its alignment with the reality of the translator’s activity. We sought to measure the role of post-editing in the translator’s activity by surveying professionals through a questionnaire and gathering their feedback on the adequacy of post-editing …

Gendering Civil War: Francophone Women’S Writing In Lebanon, Tamara Sleiman

Al-Kīmiyā

Rebeiz, M. (2022). Gendering Civil War: Francophone Women’s Writing in Lebanon. Edinburgh University Press.

Gendering Civil War: Francophone Women’s Writing in Lebanon by Mireille Rebeiz is a book that examines narratives surrounding the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) written by women authors in the French language. The book, published in 2022 by Edinburgh University Press, offers an analysis of the literature and theories adopted by these authors.

Reframing Palestine: "Mornings In Jenin Or David’S Scar?" A Narrative Account Of The Persian Translation Of Susan Abulhawa’S Mornings In Jenin, Atieh Asadollahi Hamedani

Al-Kīmiyā

This article, with narrative theory mainly of Baker applied, explores how the translation of Susan Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin in Persian reframes the Palestinian-Israeli conflict narrated by a Palestinian-American author. The hyphenated narrative position of the author provides her with more than the narratives of a monolithic ‘self’ and makes her challenge some of them. The language (English) she has chosen to narrate in also reveals the global audience her narrative is targeted at. However, the translator doesn’t seem to associate her translation with such a narrative position of the author on the issue of self/other. The narrative aimed to …

Le Français Au Sénégal De 1817 À 1960 : D’Une Langue Imposée À Une Langue Qui S’Est Imposée, Harouna Dior

Al-Kīmiyā

Today’s study traces the course of the French language and the role it played during colonization in Senegal. It is a mission that it accomplished well and which allowed it to be chosen as the official language of independent Senegal in 1960. The article looks back on the use of French from mutual education to the accession of the country to independence, passing through the secular school and the school of the hostages of Faidherbe, as well as the major reorganization of teaching in 1903 in the AOF. Then, the impact of the exclusive use of French in colonial education …

تجلّيات أيديولوجيّة في عالم الترجميّة, Nabiha Maktabi

Al-Kīmiyā

Most of the time, translators strive to achieve absolute neutrality towards the text they are translating. However, to what extent can this neutrality be achieved, and what is the distance that may separate the translator from the text? Translators can be affected by multiple factors, including cultural, ideological, and psychological factors that can influence their neutrality. In view of that, this article sheds light on the impact of ideological factors on the translation process. It examines various ideologies that may affect the work of the translator, directly or indirectly, consciously or unconsciously, and ultimately, how these influences manifest in the …

Le Schème, Concept Fondateur De La Grammaire Arabe : À La Recherche Des Origines, Madyan Matar

Al-Kīmiyā

Researching the roots of grammatical ideas remains a far-reaching scientific undertaking, as it leads to a better understanding of the epistemic foundations of grammatical theories. Thus, the aim of this paper is to explore the first historical clues as to the potential origins of the concept of pattern (wazn), one of the flagship concepts of Arabic grammar. Since no one in the scientific community seems to have brought up where this concept came from before, the current study intends to start by discussing the hypotheses that could identify the origins of the concept. The paper then draws on the available …

De La Spécificité De L’Interprétation Par Téléphone (Français-Arabe) – Étude De Terrain, Mohannad Alhalaki

Al-Kīmiyā

This field study was carried out with 10 public service interpreters by telephone in France with the aim of highlighting the aspects considered by practitioners as a source of constraints specific to the French-Arabic language pair. Three main questions were addressed with the participants: (1) the difficulties inherent to the variety of dialects spoken by Arabic-speaking users and (2) the issues of cultural differences between interpreter and users. The thematic analysis of data collected highlighted production and comprehension constraints due to the large dialectal diversity in the Arabic-speaking world, which partly explains the effort made by interpreters to adapt their …

English Language Challenges Faced By Licensed Guide Interpreters In Japan, Naoko Tanaka

International Journal of Tour Guiding and Visitor Attraction Research

This study investigates the challenges licensed guide interpreters in Japan encounter related to using the English language by examining foreign language tour guides’ use of English through interviews and surveys. The findings reveal that guides prioritise effectively conveying information and cautionary points to guests. They adjust their speaking speed, pronunciation, volume, vocabulary, and sentence structures to ensure easy understanding. Approximately 80% of the vocabulary used is at or below B2 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), indicating the issues which non-native speakings guides face. Moreover, they use various methods to confirm understanding, such as repeating …