Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- United States History (470)
- Military History (289)
- Social History (181)
- Cultural History (170)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (34)
-
- Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies (21)
- Political History (18)
- African American Studies (15)
- Museum Studies (12)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (12)
- Sociology (12)
- European History (10)
- Library and Information Science (8)
- Tourism (8)
- Military and Veterans Studies (7)
- Art and Design (5)
- American Art and Architecture (4)
- Archival Science (4)
- Education (4)
- Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (4)
- History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology (4)
- History of Science, Technology, and Medicine (4)
- Oral History (4)
- Photography (3)
- Race and Ethnicity (3)
- Theatre and Performance Studies (3)
- American Politics (2)
- Keyword
-
- Gettysburg (222)
- Gettysburg College (220)
- CW150 (149)
- Civil War Era Studies (143)
- Civil War (123)
-
- Civil War Interpretation (118)
- The Gettysburg Compiler (69)
- Civil War Memory (64)
- 150th Anniversary (40)
- Slavery (35)
- Sesquicentennial (34)
- Pohanka Internship (25)
- Hidden in Plain Sight (24)
- Memory (22)
- CWI Summer Conference (18)
- Interp Theory (16)
- History (15)
- United States Colored Troops (15)
- Abraham Lincoln (14)
- African American History (14)
- National Park Service (14)
- A Look at the Past (13)
- Thinking Historically (13)
- Battle of Gettysburg (12)
- Interpretation (12)
- NPS (12)
- Adams County (11)
- Robert E. Lee (11)
- Civil Rights Movement (10)
- Monuments (10)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History (247)
- Interpreting the Civil War: Connecting the Civil War to the American Public (149)
- Hidden in Plain Sight Projects (24)
- Student Publications (16)
- Adams County History (8)
-
- Civil War Era Studies Faculty Publications (6)
- Civil War Institute Faculty Publications (5)
- All Musselman Library Staff Works (4)
- CAFE Symposium 2026 (4)
- The Gettysburg College Journal of the Civil War Era (4)
- Blogging the Library (2)
- Computer Science Faculty Publications (2)
- Friends of Musselman Library Newsletter (2)
- Gettysburg College Faculty Books (2)
- Other Exhibits & Events (2)
- Schmucker Art Catalogs (2)
- Africana Studies Faculty Publications (1)
- Civil War Institute Student Research (1)
- Gettysburg College Headquarters (1)
- History Faculty Publications (1)
- Psychology Faculty Publications (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 91 - 120 of 484
Full-Text Articles in Public History
Spreading The Flames: The United States, Cuba, And The Fear Of Africanization, Savannah A. Labbe
Spreading The Flames: The United States, Cuba, And The Fear Of Africanization, Savannah A. Labbe
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
In the years leading up to the Civil War, the fight over slavery played out in many different arenas, notably in Kansas and Nebraska. While Bleeding Kansas was arguably the most well-known and violent clash over slavery before the Civil War, there were others as well. One flash point over the question of slavery resulted from political unrest in Cuba. In the 1850s, Spain owned Cuba, an economically prosperous island with an economy based on African slave labor. However, Spain was under pressure from Great Britain to end slavery in Cuba, and because Spain was in enormous debt and was …
“Be Carefully Taught”: African Americans In Adams County In The 20th Century, Jennifer A. Simone
“Be Carefully Taught”: African Americans In Adams County In The 20th Century, Jennifer A. Simone
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Every year over a million visitors flood Adams County, Pennsylvania to tour the famous, or rather infamous, site of the Battle of Gettysburg. While most visitors primarily come to Gettysburg to learn about the battle, many leave with understandings of the unending impact of the Civil War on race relations. However, for a town that sparks such a progressive mentality in some, Adams County, and specifically Gettysburg, is often criticized for being ‘frozen in time,’ unwilling to keep up with progressive race relations after the battle ended. A panel entitled “Black Experiences in Adams County in the 19th & 20th …
“Give Them Liberty Or Give Me Death”: The Unionist Espionage Of Elizabeth Van Lew: An Interview With Elizabeth Varon, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
“Give Them Liberty Or Give Me Death”: The Unionist Espionage Of Elizabeth Van Lew: An Interview With Elizabeth Varon, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Over the course of this year, we’ll be interviewing some of the speakers from the upcoming 2018 CWI conference about their talks. Today we are speaking with Elizabeth Varon, Associate Director of the John L. Nau III Center for Civil War History and Langbourne M. Williams Professor of American History at the University of Virginia. A specialist in the Civil War era and 19th-century South, Varon is the author of We Mean to be Counted: White Women and Politics in Antebellum Virginia (UNC Press, 1998); Southern Lady, Yankee Spy: The True Story of Elizabeth Van Lew, A Union …
“We The Undersigned…Bind Ourselves Mutually”: Civil War Draft Resistance In Eastern Pennsylvania, Ryan D. Bilger
“We The Undersigned…Bind Ourselves Mutually”: Civil War Draft Resistance In Eastern Pennsylvania, Ryan D. Bilger
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
On August 6th, 1863, a group of sixteen men gathered at the East Penn Railroad depot in Millerstown, Pennsylvania, now known as Macungie, a small farming community located about seven miles southwest of Allentown. The young men met that day to create a contract with one another in anticipation of the army conscription draft, scheduled to take place in a week’s time with men between ages twenty and thirty-five eligible for selection. They created the “Millerstown Club,” agreeing “that each member of the club has to pay the sum of fifty dollars on or before the day previous to the …
Debacle At Petersburg: The Battle Of The Crater: An Interview With A. Wilson Greene, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
Debacle At Petersburg: The Battle Of The Crater: An Interview With A. Wilson Greene, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Over the course of this year, we’ll be interviewing some of the speakers from the upcoming 2018 CWI conference about their talks. Today we are speaking with A. Wilson Greene. Mr. Greene recently retired from a 44-year career in public history. He spent sixteen years in the National Park Service, served as the first director of the Association for the Preservation of Civil War Sites (now the Civil War Trust), and was the founding director of Pamplin Historical Park & the National Museum of the Civil War Soldier, where he worked for 22 years. Greene holds a Masters degree in …
Too Little Too Late? The Introduction Of The Spencer Rifle, Savannah A. Labbe
Too Little Too Late? The Introduction Of The Spencer Rifle, Savannah A. Labbe
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
The photo above does not seem like much, but the story behind it is incredible. On August 17, 1863, a man named Christopher Miner Spencer entered the White House, gun in hand. He was let in past the sentries and ushered in to meet with President Abraham Lincoln. Spencer was at the White House to show the president his invention, the repeating rifle. He had been trying to get it adopted by the United States Army with little success, so he decided to go to the man with the most power. Spencer showed Lincoln his gun, and the president was …
Lee And Grant: Images Of Fatherhood In Victorian America, Abigail Cocco
Lee And Grant: Images Of Fatherhood In Victorian America, Abigail Cocco
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Before they were great Civil War generals, Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant were fathers. Lee had seven children, three sons and four daughters. Grant was the father of three boys and a single girl. Though they are intended to paint overwhelmingly positive portraits of the two men, their children’s words give us a sense of these two generals as fathers and the ways in which they reflected standard trends in fathering during the Victorian Era. [excerpt]
Meade At Gettysburg: An Interview With Kent Masterson Brown, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
Meade At Gettysburg: An Interview With Kent Masterson Brown, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Over the course of this year, we’ll be interviewing some of the speakers from the upcoming 2018 CWI conference about their talks. Today we are speaking with Kent Masterson Brown. Mr. Brown is a Lexington, Kentucky-based historian and attorney who haspracticed law for forty-three years. He was the creator and first editor of the national magazine, The Civil War, and is author of many books, including Cushing of Gettysburg: The Story of a Union Artillery Commander (University Press of Kentucky, 1998); The Civil War in Kentucky: Battle for the Bluegrass State (Savas Publishing Company, 2000); Retreat from Gettysburg: Lee, Logistics …
Inside The Civil War Defenses Of Washington: An Interview With Steve T. Phan, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
Inside The Civil War Defenses Of Washington: An Interview With Steve T. Phan, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Over the course of this year, we’ll be interviewing some of the speakers from the upcoming 2018 CWI conference about their talks. Today we are speaking with Steve T. Phan, a Park Ranger and historian at the Civil War Defenses of Washington. Prior to his arrival at CWDW, Steve worked as an intern and park guide at Richmond National Battlefield Park, Hopewell Culture National Historical Park, and Rock Creek Park. A military history scholar of the Civil War era, Steve’s research focuses on military occupation, operational command, fortifications, and the Western Theater during the Civil War. He is the …
The Poor Man’S Fight: Mercenary Soldiers In The Civil War: An Interview With William Marvel, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Poor Man’S Fight: Mercenary Soldiers In The Civil War: An Interview With William Marvel, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Over the course of this year, we’ll be interviewing some of the speakers from the upcoming 2018 CWI conference about their talks. Today we are speaking with William Marvel, an independent scholar of mid-19th-century American History. Marvel is the author of eighteen books, including most recently, Lincoln’s Mercenaries: Economic Motivation among Union Soldiers, which is due for release by LSU Press in the early fall of 2018. Some of Marvel’s additional publications include: Lincoln’s Autocrat: The Life of Edwin Stanton (UNC Press, 2015), A Place Called Appomattox (UNC Press, 2000), and Andersonville: The Last Depot (UNC Press, 1994), for which …
You’Ve Got Mail: Throwback To The American Revolutionary War, Abigail K. Major
You’Ve Got Mail: Throwback To The American Revolutionary War, Abigail K. Major
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
A collection of approximately 150 Civil War era envelopes, mainly produced by Philadelphia publisher James Magee as well as the King & Baird printers, with patriotic Unionist themes is located in Gettysburg College’s Special Collections & College Archives. Of particular interest are the “throwbacks” and references to the American Revolution. The “Glorious Old Hall of Independence,” a depiction of Bunker Hill, and Mount Vernon are only a few illustrations from the collection that demonstrate this American Revolution era theme. [excerpt]
The Howell Brothers: A Costly Sacrifice On The Altar Of Freedom, Jonathan Tracey
The Howell Brothers: A Costly Sacrifice On The Altar Of Freedom, Jonathan Tracey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
This semester, I have been working on the Killed at Gettysburg digital history project, which aims to tell the story of soldiers who died at Gettysburg while also tracking their movements on a map so that they can be followed. I was given Hannibal Howell of Company C of the 76th New York Infantry, and his story proved to be a lot more than I expected. [excerpt]
The Things We Remember: Interpreting The Virginia Memorial, Olivia Ortman
The Things We Remember: Interpreting The Virginia Memorial, Olivia Ortman
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
When I was in high school, I read The Things They Carried for my English class. It is a fiction book about the Vietnam War written by a Vietnam veteran. The author, Tim O’Brien, had the life experiences to write an autobiography based on true events, but he chose fiction as his vehicle. He explains this choice in one of the chapters in his book. O’Brien stated that, in an ironic way, fiction allowed him to share more truth than reality. His made-up stories allowed him to create the feelings and meanings of the war that his real experiences couldn’t …
Warriors Of Bronze: The Virginia Monument And Remembrance Day, Zachary A. Wesley
Warriors Of Bronze: The Virginia Monument And Remembrance Day, Zachary A. Wesley
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Memory is a peculiar thing. To recall it is to remember, and there are two days dedicated to this activity in mid-November in Gettysburg. On November 18 and 19, reenactors and keynote speakers gather here to honor the sacrifices of millions of soldiers and sailors during the American Civil War. November 19 rings throughout the history of oration as the date of Lincoln’s famous Gettysburg Address, itself an exercise in remembrance. The recent Remembrance and Dedication Days have encouraged me to think of my work on the Virginia Monument Wayside Project in light of the celebrations. Just as much as …
The 2017 Fortenbaugh Lecture: “I’M A Radical Girl”, Olivia Ortman
The 2017 Fortenbaugh Lecture: “I’M A Radical Girl”, Olivia Ortman
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
In Gettysburg, we celebrate the anniversary of the Gettysburg Address in two ways: the Dedication Day ceremony and the Fortenbaugh Lecture. Every year on November 19, Gettysburg College and the Robert Fortenbaugh family invite a scholar to present their new Civil War research. This year, that scholar was Dr. Thavolia Glymph who presented her lecture titled “I’m a Radical Girl”: Enslaved and Free Black Women Unionists and the Politics of Civil War History. As the title reveals, her lecture revolved around black women unionists and their place in war efforts—a role which has often been overlooked. [excerpt]
Improving The Present By Studying The Past: Killed At Gettysburg Remembers O’Rorke And Phelps, Ryan D. Bilger
Improving The Present By Studying The Past: Killed At Gettysburg Remembers O’Rorke And Phelps, Ryan D. Bilger
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
This semester, I have had the honor of working on the Civil War Institute’s Killed at Gettysburg project, hosted at killedatgettysburg.org. The project seeks to document the lives and legacies of soldiers who died during the three days of fighting in July 1863. I am happy to be contributing to Killed at Gettysburg again, as I strongly connected with the project when I worked on it for Dr. Carmichael’s Gettysburg class last semester. [excerpt]
Little Round Top: Remembering What They Did Here, Abigail Cocco
Little Round Top: Remembering What They Did Here, Abigail Cocco
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
At Dedication Day, we remember Lincoln’s dedication of the Soldier’s National Cemetery. At the dedication ceremony, Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address, a speech that has become enshrined in the American consciousness. In just a few short minutes, Lincoln delivered a speech that evoked the spirit of the Founding Fathers, honored the sacrifice of the dead, and challenged the living to commit themselves to the young nation and the principles upon which it was founded. Through the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln shaped the collective memory of the Civil War and of American ideals. [excerpt]
Remembrance Day: History, Memory And The 20th Maine, Savannah A. Labbe
Remembrance Day: History, Memory And The 20th Maine, Savannah A. Labbe
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Every November, on the Saturday closest to the 19th, the town of Gettysburg celebrates Remembrance Day. This day is held in memory of those who fought and died at the Battle of Gettysburg and during the Civil War as a whole. On November 19th, crowds gather to celebrate Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address and his dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery. These events pose a few very important questions: why do we still remember the Civil War in this manner? Why do we find it so important to have an entire day dedicated just to Civil War soldiers? Why does Civil War …
The Real 54th Massachusetts: Dr. Douglas Egerton On The Lives Of United States Colored Troops In Lincoln Lyceum Lecture, Nick Tarchis
The Real 54th Massachusetts: Dr. Douglas Egerton On The Lives Of United States Colored Troops In Lincoln Lyceum Lecture, Nick Tarchis
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Two weeks ago, the Gettysburg College community was treated to a lecture by special guest Douglas Egerton, one of the recipients of the 2017 Gilder-Lehrman Lincoln Prize. Dr. Egerton works at Le Moyne College in Syracuse, New York, where he teaches courses on race in 19th century America. Egerton’s most recent book Thunder at the Gates: The Black Civil War Regiments that Redeemed America chronicles the lives of ten men from the 54th and 55th Massachusetts United States Colored Troops, documenting their experiences from the pre-war era to their deaths. [excerpt]
A Legacy Of Bravery: The Indian Home Guards In The Civil War, Savannah A. Labbe
A Legacy Of Bravery: The Indian Home Guards In The Civil War, Savannah A. Labbe
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Many may not realize that Native Americans played a part in the Civil War, just as they did in many previous American wars. Some Native Americans enlisted with regular infantry units, alongside white Americans. These Native Americans believed they could achieve better treatment by the government and keep their land if they enlisted. They also got paid and fed regularly in the army. They did face discrimination by white soldiers, who believed that these Native Americans exemplified the stereotype of the lazy, drunk Indian. However, such stereotypes were often proved wrong. The most notable example of this is Company K …
Reconciling With The Past: Ana Lucia Araujo’S Lecture On Coming To Terms With The Past When Monuments Are Taken Down, Daniel Wright
Reconciling With The Past: Ana Lucia Araujo’S Lecture On Coming To Terms With The Past When Monuments Are Taken Down, Daniel Wright
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
On Thursday, November 2nd, Howard University History Professor Ana Lucia Araujo visited Gettysburg College to give a lecture titled “Slavery, Memory, and Reparations: Coming to Terms with the Past When Monuments Are Taken Down.” The historian, author, and professor talked about the history of slavery as well as the concepts of memory and reparations. One form of reparations discussed recently has been the removal of Confederate monuments in the United States, which has been heavily debated for years. [excerpt]
“Rebellion In The Ranks”: Desertion And The United States Colored Troops: An Interview With Jonathan Lande, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
“Rebellion In The Ranks”: Desertion And The United States Colored Troops: An Interview With Jonathan Lande, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Over the course of this year, we’ll be interviewing some of the speakers from the upcoming 2018 CWI conference about their talks. Today we are speaking with Jonathan Lande, a doctoral candidate in History at Brown University, where he was the 2016 Peter Green Scholar. Jonathan teaches courses in American and African American history at Tougaloo College as the 2017-2018 Brown-Tougaloo Exchange Faculty Fellow. His current project, “Rebellion in the Ranks,” examines the desertion, mutiny, and courts-martial trials of former slaves serving in the Union army. Looking at African American soldiers who found military service offensive to their visions of …
Dennis Mahan’S Leadership And Tactics: How A West Point Professor Shaped The Course Of The Civil War, Nick Tarchis
Dennis Mahan’S Leadership And Tactics: How A West Point Professor Shaped The Course Of The Civil War, Nick Tarchis
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
This summer, while doing research at Stratford Hall, I happened across the name of one West Point professor who quite literally taught every cadet who fought in the Civil War. It is fairly common knowledge than many of the war’s great commanders were classmates together at West Point. For example, the class of 1842 contained George McClellan, James Longstreet, and John Pope. Such commanders influenced the course of the war by drawing upon their West Point education, and while they may have held different military outlooks, they all drew upon the teachings of one man: Dennis Mahan, professor of mathematics …
A City Divided: Cosmo Mackenzie And Baltimore On The Eve Of Civil War, Zachary A. Wesley
A City Divided: Cosmo Mackenzie And Baltimore On The Eve Of Civil War, Zachary A. Wesley
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Baltimore was a city of 215,000 inhabitants on the eve of the Civil War: 215,000 souls who would soon be torn by conflicting loyalties. One of these individuals, Cosmo Mackenzie, sat down on the evening of April 12, 1861, to write a letter to his brother, Collin. Despite the rainfall all day in Baltimore, Cosmo proclaimed “the war has opened at last and all is excitement here.” Throughout the city, Baltimoreans found themselves choosing between their identities as citizens of the Union and supporters of a Southern, slave-based society. [excerpt]
Discovering The War At Home: Oakland Manor, George Gaither, And The Shipley Brothers, Anika N. Jensen
Discovering The War At Home: Oakland Manor, George Gaither, And The Shipley Brothers, Anika N. Jensen
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
From my high school, which is majority African American, it takes only ten minutes to drive to Oakland Manor, a grand, sweeping 19th century-style stone house that sits in my hometown of Columbia, Maryland, a town made up mainly of apartments and identical suburban homes. Growing up, the manor was no more than a big, old building that hosted weddings and was somehow tied to my local history. Growing up, moreover, I did not realize the extent to which my hometown was tied to slavery and the Civil War; both seemed too far removed from a community that stressed diversity …
“Let Us Stand Or Fall Together”: Hood’S Texas Brigade: An Interview With Dr. Susannah Ural, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
“Let Us Stand Or Fall Together”: Hood’S Texas Brigade: An Interview With Dr. Susannah Ural, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Over the course of this year, we’ll be interviewing some of the speakers from the upcoming 2018 CWI conference about their talks. Today we are speaking with Dr. Susannah Ural, Professor of History and Co-Director of the Dale Center for the Study of War & Society at the University of Southern Mississippi. A military historian and scholar of war and society, Ural’s work focuses on the experiences of soldiers and families in the U.S. Civil War era. She is the author of several books, including Don’t Hurry Me Down to Hades: The Civil War in the Words of Those Who …
Finding Meaning In The Flag: Furl That Banner, Olivia Ortman
Finding Meaning In The Flag: Furl That Banner, Olivia Ortman
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Hello again, readers. I hope you enjoyed the summer and are now as eager as I am to jump back into our conversation about the Confederate flag. Although I spent the summer at Minute Man NHP, the Civil War was never far from my mind. Even in a northern park dedicated to the American Revolution, I still heard a lot about the Confederate monument debates, and as I spoke with visitors who were following this topic in the news, I was reminded of a similar debate several years ago concerning the Confederate flag. [excerpt]
Waging Just Warfare During America’S Civil War: An Interview With Dr. D.H. Dilbeck, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
Waging Just Warfare During America’S Civil War: An Interview With Dr. D.H. Dilbeck, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Over the course of this year, we’ll be interviewing some of the speakers from the upcoming 2018 CWI conference about their talks. Today we are speaking with Dr. D.H. Dilbeck, an historian of 19th-century American legal and religious history. Dr. Dilbeck received his Ph.D. in American History from the University of Virginia. His first book, A More Civil War: How the Union Waged a Just War (UNC Press, 2016), was a finalist for the Gilder-Lehrman Lincoln Prize. His most recent book, Frederick Douglass: America’s Prophet is forthcoming from UNC Press in 2018. A former Assistant Professor of History at Oklahoma …
“Died Of The Spotted Fever”: The Spot Resolutions And The Making Of Abraham Lincoln, Ryan D. Bilger
“Died Of The Spotted Fever”: The Spot Resolutions And The Making Of Abraham Lincoln, Ryan D. Bilger
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
On December 22, 1847, the Speaker of the House of Representatives recognized a young, freshman congressman from Illinois named Abraham Lincoln who wished to speak about the ongoing war with Mexico. The lanky, awkward, high-voiced westerner raised doubts regarding President James Knox Polk’s conduct in starting the war, proposing eight resolutions that challenged Polk to provide evidence for his stated reason for doing so. Polk had said that Mexican troops had shed “American blood on American soil” and forced his hand, but Lincoln challenged this assertion. Lincoln insinuated that the fatal encounter between Mexican and American troops had in fact …
We All Bleed Red: African American Soldiers And The 1st Maine Heavy Artillery, Savannah A. Labbe
We All Bleed Red: African American Soldiers And The 1st Maine Heavy Artillery, Savannah A. Labbe
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Years before the United States military was officially desegregated in 1948, African Americans fought alongside white men in the 1st Maine Heavy Artillery during the Civil War. Most African American men that fought for the Union in the Civil War did so in United States Colored Troops (U.S.C.T.) units, separated from white men. Because of this segregation, many black men, such as Andrew J. Williams of Industry, Maine, left home to find and fight with a U.S.C.T. regiment. Williams would not be accepted into a Maine regiment, or at least so he thought. His brother, Aaron E. Williams, decided to …