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Articles 331 - 360 of 840
Full-Text Articles in Public History
Media Discourses That Normalize Colonial Relations: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of (Im)Migrants And Refugees, Meng Zhao, Jorge Rodriguez, Lilia D. Monzó
Media Discourses That Normalize Colonial Relations: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of (Im)Migrants And Refugees, Meng Zhao, Jorge Rodriguez, Lilia D. Monzó
Education Faculty Articles and Research
The im(migration) and refugee crisis that are being exacerbated under the Trump administration, is a manifestation of empire-building and the long history of colonization of the Global South. A Marxist-humanist perspective recognizes these as consistent aspects of a clearly racist global capitalism that functions in the interest of multibillion dollar U.S.–based corporations and increasingly transnational corporations. Trade agreements, international economic policy, political intervention, invasion or the threat of these, often secure corporate interests in specific countries and regions. The authors use critical discourse analysis to examine the discourses around Mexican, Central American, and Syrian im(migrants) and refugees as examples of …
Introduction To Stalin's Soviet Justice: "Show" Trials, War Crimes Trials, And Nuremberg, David M. Crowe
Introduction To Stalin's Soviet Justice: "Show" Trials, War Crimes Trials, And Nuremberg, David M. Crowe
History Faculty Books and Book Chapters
"Once Stalin won his power struggle against his principal rival, Leon Trotsky, he adopted new campaigns to collectivize Russian agriculture and dramatically increase industrial production. He decided in the late 1920s to use "show" trials as one of the ways to respond to growing domestic opposition to both programs. The 'show' trials, extralegal proceedings that bore modest resemblance to more traditional Western-style trials, were carefully orchestrated to convince the public of the dire nature of such threats. Thematically, Stalin used them to highlight his fears about an ongoing threat of domestic and international forces determined to destroy the Soviet state. …
Late Imperial And Soviet "Show" Trials, 1878-1938, David M. Crowe
Late Imperial And Soviet "Show" Trials, 1878-1938, David M. Crowe
History Faculty Books and Book Chapters
"According to Cassidy, the imperial 'show' trials, which began in the 1870s, were a series of 'highly publicized public spectacles that spread the ideas of Russian radicalism even as they condemned the radicals themselves to imprisonment, exile, hard labor, civil death, or execution.'4 They also became a source of 'popular entertainment' that drew large audiences and helped, according Elizabeth A. Wood, create a link in the public imagination between 'revolution and trials.' Georgii Plekhanov, one of Russia's foremost Marxists, saw the 'revolutionary trials in the 1870s and 1880s' as 'the greatest historical drama which is called the trial of …
"May Justice Be Done!" The Soviet Union And The London Conference (1945), Irina Schulmeister-André, David M. Crowe
"May Justice Be Done!" The Soviet Union And The London Conference (1945), Irina Schulmeister-André, David M. Crowe
History Faculty Books and Book Chapters
"The London Conference, which ended on August 8, 1945, with the signing of the London Four-Power Agreement1 with annexed statute, was a crucial step in the planning of the Nuremberg IMT trial of major German war criminals. The joint development of the statute is regarded as an important example historically of the cooperation of the Allied Powers, who, despite their different legal traditions, found ways to reach a consensus acceptable as the legal basis for their common goal: to carry out a trial of the major war criminals. This was particularly remarkable, given that they had to negotiate the …
The Little Civil War Drummer Boy, Cameron T. Sauers
The Little Civil War Drummer Boy, Cameron T. Sauers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
When I think about the battle front, I think about soldiers in uniform marching off to fight with their weapons and small mementos from home. I also think about the many doctors and nurses who provided care to men riddled with bullet holes and disease. I never thought of drummers, though, until I saw the snare drum pictured above. However, this drum and the many others like it were an integral part of army life. For the drummers themselves, their instrument represented a unique avenue of service where zealous, but often underaged, patriots could join the war efforts without being …
Analysis Considering The Significance Of The Use Of Naval Blockades During The Napoleonic Wars, John J. Janora
Analysis Considering The Significance Of The Use Of Naval Blockades During The Napoleonic Wars, John J. Janora
The Exposition
During the course of the 18th and 19th centuries the British Navy took an age old method of manipulating and dominating an enemy, the naval blockade, and perfected it. The blockade was going to be used by a generation of admirals, captains, and crews in a way that would cause pain, financially, physically and psychologically, on a large swath of the western world, much of it specifically centered on ensuring that Napoleon and his aggressively expansionist France would pay too dear a price if they tried to move off of the European mainland. The British Navy and their continued use …
Index To Peggy Parent Lutz Interview, Kara Skokan
Index To Peggy Parent Lutz Interview, Kara Skokan
Linfield University Public History Project: World War II as Experience and Memory
This index provides a time-stamped overview of the subjects discussed during an oral history interview with Margaret "Peggy" (Parent) Lutz, Linfield College class of 1943.
Private Confederacies: A Review, Olivia Ortman, Cameron T. Sauers
Private Confederacies: A Review, Olivia Ortman, Cameron T. Sauers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
For generations, notable scholars such as Gerald Linderman, Reid Mitchell and Joseph Glatthaar, have tried to understand the experience of common Civil War soldiers. With Private Confederacies, James J. Broomall makes a penetrating dive into the emotional world of elite male slaveholders, focusing on how the Civil War, emancipation, and Reconstruction affected their personal lives, emotional expressions, and gender identities. He argues that white Southern men struggled to process their wartime experiences due to societal expectations of male self-restraint. To overcome such expectations regarding their self-expression they created soldier communities that they could rely upon for emotional support and …
Index To Tom Kilpatrick Interview, Melvin Van Hurck
Index To Tom Kilpatrick Interview, Melvin Van Hurck
Linfield University Public History Project: World War II as Experience and Memory
This index provides a time-stamped overview of the subjects discussed during an oral history interview with Tom Kilpatrick, Linfield College class of 1948.
Index To Jack Shannahan Interview, Elisia Harder
Index To Jack Shannahan Interview, Elisia Harder
Linfield University Public History Project: World War II as Experience and Memory
This index provides a time-stamped overview of the subjects discussed during an oral history interview with Erwin "Jack" Shannahan, Linfield College class of 1945.
Humanizing The Enslaved Of Fort Monroe’S Arc Of Freedom, William R. Kelly Jr.
Humanizing The Enslaved Of Fort Monroe’S Arc Of Freedom, William R. Kelly Jr.
Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies
Fort Monroe, located in Hampton, Virginia, was a United States Army post until its deactivation in 2011. President Barack Obama proclaimed Fort Monroe a national monument due to its complex history, including its ties to slavery and emancipation. This paper outlines an ongoing research project designed to identify and humanize both the enslaved who helped build the fort and those who were declared as contraband there during the American Civil War. Housed in the National Archives and Records Administration in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the United States Army Engineer Records from 1819 to 1866 is the main area of focus for this …
A Song For Jennie, Claire Bickers
A Song For Jennie, Claire Bickers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
The simple tune was created by lyricist E. B. Dewing and composer J. P. Webster who hoped they would inspire patriotism in their female audience while they worked to become accomplished musicians. When the Civil War broke out, the young women who played the piece had been left behind on the home front, only to imagine what horrors their men were facing. The government and the warfront alike relied on the homefront to present a brave and loyal face in order to maintain support for the war effort through the fostering of a nationalistic, sentimental culture that bled into all …
Small But Deadly: The Minié Ball, Isaac J. Shoop
Small But Deadly: The Minié Ball, Isaac J. Shoop
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
When Claude-E’tienne Minié perfected the minié ball in 1849, it is doubtful he knew of the carnage that it would cause in the American Civil War some twelve years later. However, this small and compact bullet can teach us far more than simply the horrific bloodletting it caused on the battlefield itself. A closer analysis of the bullet’s impact on the human body also reveals a deeper glimpse into Civil War hospitals, medicine, and an entirely new scale and scope of death with which Victorian Americans were forced to come to terms as the war’s long casualty lists poured in …
The Complexity Of A Soldier: Mitchell Anderson’S Life, Death, And Legacy, Ryan Bilger
The Complexity Of A Soldier: Mitchell Anderson’S Life, Death, And Legacy, Ryan Bilger
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
It is hard to believe that this is my last semester as a Civil War Institute Fellow, but that time has indeed come. When offered my choice of projects for this term, I figured it would only be appropriate to finish out my work on the Killed at Gettysburg project with one last deep dive into the life and legacy of a soldier who died here in Pennsylvania. I know I have stated this several times in my previous reflections on the project, but I feel that Killed at Gettysburg profiles offer an excellent way to consider the battle from …
Cutting Through The Ranks: The Navy’S Forgotten Legacy, Cameron T. Sauers
Cutting Through The Ranks: The Navy’S Forgotten Legacy, Cameron T. Sauers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
The bearer of this sword was a member of a United States Navy that rapidly grew in power during the Civil War, increasing its enlistment 500% and developing the first ironclad ship. However, even as the Navy was in the midst of its transition, one thing remained in place: The U.S. Model 1852 Navy Officer’s Sword. The sword is still used in the Navy today, albeit for ceremonial purposes. Yet, for all that this sword symbolizes, very few scholars have given much attention to it or the sailors who used it in the Civil War. The common soldier has received …
Review: Looming Civil War, Olivia Ortman
Review: Looming Civil War, Olivia Ortman
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
In Looming Civil War, Phillips writes about the future, specifically, the one predicted by nineteenth-century Americans in the years preceding the Civil War. Challenging dominant narratives of the war, Phillips argues that nineteenth-century individuals were fully aware of a looming civil war and that many believed it would be a long, bloody, and disastrous conflict, not just a short excursion. As individuals looked to the uncertain future, they all made predictions unique to their race, religion, gender, and location. Some white southern elites saw the looming war as an Armageddon that would destroy civilized society, while abolitionists and slaves …
Politics And Crisis In The 1850s: An Interview With Rachel Shelden, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
Politics And Crisis In The 1850s: An Interview With Rachel Shelden, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Today we are speaking with Rachel Shelden, Associate Professor of History at the University of Oklahoma. She is the author of Washington Brotherhood: Politics, Social Life, and the Coming of the Civil War (University of North Carolina Press, 2013), which received honorable mention for the Wiley-Silver Prize for the best first book on the Civil War and was a selection of the History book club. She is also the co-editor, with Gary W. Gallagher, of A Political Nation: New Directions in Mid-Nineteenth-Century American Political History (University of Virginia Press, 2012). Dr. Shelden serves as the book review editor for the …
To Remake A Man: Disability And The Civil War, Cameron T. Sauers
To Remake A Man: Disability And The Civil War, Cameron T. Sauers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
With a disability certificate and discharge from the military in hand, disabled citizens who had not long previously been abled bodied servicemen went through a period of emasculation followed by a return to waged labor which redeemed their sacrifice. These disability certificates were issued in large quantities by the sprawling northern bureaucratic machines created by the Civil War. The above-pictured certificate, issued to James Murray of the 56th New York, discharged Murray from service because, according to his regimental surgeon, he would “never be able to discharge his duty as a soldier.” Murray stood 5’8″ when he re-enlisted for three …
Fact Or Fiction: African American Confederate Veterans, Isaac J. Shoop
Fact Or Fiction: African American Confederate Veterans, Isaac J. Shoop
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
As an intern this past summer at The National Civil War Museum in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, I came across many intriguing artifacts. One of the artifacts that stood out to me most was the photo above, which I discovered when the museum’s CEO conducted a behind-the-scenes tour. When I look at this photo, I see, on the surface at least, a group of 13 African American men who are presumably Confederate veterans. Several of these men are dressed up for the occasion. Many are wearing ribbons, one man has a Confederate flag, and another has a trumpet. There are also two …
The Third-Annual Abolitionists’ Day Event, Claire Bickers
The Third-Annual Abolitionists’ Day Event, Claire Bickers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Three years ago, Adams County declared the first ever Abolitionists Day—a day dedicated to honoring the lives of the county’s abolitionists. The county’s abolitionists were a varied group, comprised of both whites and free blacks, men and women. Through their efforts, thousands of slaves were able to find their freedom in the North. One impressive couple, William and Phebe Wright, helped approximately one thousand men, women, and children to freedom. Adams County was also home to Thaddeus Stevens, a Gettysburg resident who used his position in the US House of Representatives to fight against the institution of slavery. With people …
Violence And Restraint: An Interview With Aaron Sheehan-Dean, Civil War Institute
Violence And Restraint: An Interview With Aaron Sheehan-Dean, Civil War Institute
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Today we are speaking with Aaron Sheehan-Dean, Fred C. Frey Professor of Southern Studies at Louisiana State University and the Chair of LSU’s History Department. He teaches courses on nineteenth-century U.S. history, the Civil War and Reconstruction, and southern History. He is the author of Why Confederates Fought: Family and Nation in Civil War Virginia (UNC Press, 2007), Concise Historical Atlas of the U.S. Civil War (Oxford University Press, 2008), and is the editor of several other volumes. His most recent book, The Calculus of Violence: How Americans Fought the Civil War, was released by Harvard University Press in Fall, …
Getting In Touch With The Civil War: An Interview With Jason Phillips, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
Getting In Touch With The Civil War: An Interview With Jason Phillips, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Today we are speaking with Jason Phillips, Eberly Family Professor of Civil War Studies at West Virginia University. He is the author of Looming Civil War: How Nineteenth-Century Americans Imagined the Future (Oxford University Press, 2018), Diehard Rebels: The Confederate Culture of Invincibility (University of Georgia Press, 2007), and the editor of Storytelling, History, and the Postmodern South (Louisiana State University Press, 2013). His current research explores the material culture of Civil War America. [excerpt]
Review: Calculus Of Violence, Cameron T. Sauers
Review: Calculus Of Violence, Cameron T. Sauers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
It seems counterintuitive to imagine the bloodiest conflict in American history being worse, but Sheehan-Dean argues that the death toll could have been dramatically higher without both sides’ emphasis on restraint, as dictated by the laws of war. Most of the book is spent examining “how people on both sides justified the lethal violence of conflict and when, how, and why they balanced cruelty and destruction.” Despite the rules of war, however, Civil War participants, like all humans, were contradictory. Sometimes they acted instinctively and spontaneously, while at other times, their actions were the result of deeply seated ideology. The …
Index To Bruce Stewart Interview, Elisia Harder
Index To Bruce Stewart Interview, Elisia Harder
Linfield University Public History Project: World War II as Experience and Memory
This index provides a time-stamped overview of the subjects discussed during an oral history interview with Bruce Stewart, Linfield College class of 1949.
Annotations On - Experience, Labours, And Sufferings Of Rev. James Jenkins, Of The South Carolina Conference. Printed For The Author. 1842., John Benjamin Burroughs
Annotations On - Experience, Labours, And Sufferings Of Rev. James Jenkins, Of The South Carolina Conference. Printed For The Author. 1842., John Benjamin Burroughs
HCAC Research
The Rev. James Jenkins was born in the Britton’s Neck section of the old Georgetown Judicial District in 1764. This article contains selected entries of his journal which recount some of his experiences during the American Revolutionary War in the area that is now Horry, Georgetown, Williamsburg, Marion, Dillon and Florence Counties in South Carolina. He and his older brothers were part of the famed Gen. Francis Marion’s Brigade, which thwarted the British Southern Strategy in South Carolina. By keeping the revolution alive in South Carolina, the work of Marion’s Brigade contributed greatly to the ultimate result of the British …
Gettysburg Heartthrobs: The 10 Most Attractive Officers, Cameron T. Sauers
Gettysburg Heartthrobs: The 10 Most Attractive Officers, Cameron T. Sauers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
While the author received many names that deserved to be on this list, he regrettably had to choose only ten. That being said, please sit back, relax, and prepare to fall in love with the officers of Gettysburg this Valentine’s Day.
Digital-Lee Archived: An Interview With Colin Woodward, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
Digital-Lee Archived: An Interview With Colin Woodward, Ashley Whitehead Luskey
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Today we are speaking with Colin Woodward, historian and editor of the Lee Family Digital Archive at Stratford Hall. He holds a Ph.D. in History and is the author of Marching Masters: Slavery, Race, and the Confederate Army During the Civil War, which was published by the University of Virginia Press in 2014. He also maintains an active history and pop culture podcast entitled “Amerikan Rambler,” which is available at www.amerikanrambler.libsyn.com and on iTunes. Dr. Woodward is presently working a book called Country Boy: The Roots of Johnny Cash. [excerpt]
“Borne Back Ceaselessly Into The Past”: Fitzgerald’S Forgotten Civil War Literature, Cameron T. Sauers
“Borne Back Ceaselessly Into The Past”: Fitzgerald’S Forgotten Civil War Literature, Cameron T. Sauers
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
“So, we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.” These are the brilliant last lines of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, lines that speak to the fallibility of Gatsby’s American Dream and his inescapable, yet simultaneously unreachable, past. The legendary ending sentence in The Great Gatsby has captured me since I first read the book as a freshman in high school and made me want to read every Fitzgerald book I could find. The more I read, the more I realized the unique implications this famous last line had for Fitzgerald’s own …
Interview With Erica Uszak: Scholarship Recipient For 2018 Cwi Summer Conference, Civil War Institute
Interview With Erica Uszak: Scholarship Recipient For 2018 Cwi Summer Conference, Civil War Institute
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
Recently, the CWI reached out to Erica Uszak ’22 to reflect on her experience at the 2018 CWI Summer Conference. Uszak, currently a freshman at Gettysburg College studying History and the Civil War, was one of ten high school students to receive a scholarship to attend the conference. Any high school student with an interest in history is eligible to apply for the High School Scholarship. [excerpt]
Overpriced Stamps And Mystery Pies: The Complicated Legacy Of Civil War Sutlers, Savannah Labbe
Overpriced Stamps And Mystery Pies: The Complicated Legacy Of Civil War Sutlers, Savannah Labbe
The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History
In every story, including ones about historical events, there are people who inevitably end up in the background. These people are ever-present but deemed unimportant to the story, like the Union Army sutler depicted next to his makeshift store above. Sutlers were merchants who would follow the Army around, selling the soldiers things they were not issued but might have wanted, such as paper and envelopes for writing home. The reason why the sutler is often left out of history is not just because they were only indirectly related to the fighting, but also because they were greatly disliked by …