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Oral History Commons

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2008

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Articles 151 - 162 of 162

Full-Text Articles in Oral History

Interview No. 1339, Gregorio De La Cruz Jan 2008

Interview No. 1339, Gregorio De La Cruz

Combined Interviews

Mr. de la Cruz briefly discusses his family and childhood; in 1954, the family moved to a place just outside of Empalme, Sonora, México, where he learned about the bracero program; he could not find work in México at the time, and he decided to enlist in the program; to begin the process, he went to Empalme to pick cotton and get a card and his name on the list of available workers; from there, he had to wait to be called, which could happen anywhere from ten days to one month; he describes waiting in line to be fumigated …


Interview No. 1354, Cuauhtémoc Z. Madrid Jan 2008

Interview No. 1354, Cuauhtémoc Z. Madrid

Combined Interviews

Mr. Madrid talks about his hometown and what his life was like growing up; when he went to the center to enlist, contracts were suspended after ten days, and no one knew why; even so, he and others continued to wait; they held on to the belt loops of the people in front of and behind them so no one would get in line in front of them; while waiting, he climbed a tree, picked dates and gave them to the men that did not have food; when contracts resumed, he could not pass, because his papers were not signed; …


Interview No. 1343, Pablo C. Flores Jan 2008

Interview No. 1343, Pablo C. Flores

Combined Interviews

Mr. Flores briefly describes his family and the difficulties he faced during childhood and adolescence; in 1948, he went through the contracting center in Empalme, Sonora, México, in order to enlist in the bracero program; in the hopes of obtaining subsequent contracts he often went through Empalme; there were usually thousands of men in line at the center; he stayed there anywhere from a few days to over a month, which made it extremely difficult to wait, because he did not have any money for food; moreover, there were soldiers at the center to help keep order, and they often …


Interview No. 1360, Antonio Olivares Samaniego Jan 2008

Interview No. 1360, Antonio Olivares Samaniego

Combined Interviews

Mr. Olivares briefly talks about his family; after they moved to Hermosillo, Sonora, México, he heard about the bracero program; during the early 1950s, he decided to enlist in the program; he recounts the contracting process he underwent; although he was not medically examined in México, his hands and arms were checked to ensure that he was able to work; as a bracero, he labored in the fields of Arizona, California and Washington, picking and irrigating alfalfa, beets, cotton, pears, peas and tomatoes; he goes on to detail the various worksites, camp sizes, housing, accommodations, living conditions, provisions, routines, treatment, …


Interview No. 1381, Ramón Valencia Jan 2008

Interview No. 1381, Ramón Valencia

Combined Interviews

Mr. Valencia traveled to Empalme, Sonora to begin the hiring process for the Bracero Program carrying his birth certificate and school records. After waiting about twenty days in Empalme, he went to Benjamin Gil in order to take the train to Mexicali. The next step in the process was to travel to El Centro, California. Then in El Centro, California, the authorities conducted medical tests on the applicants. Finally, Mr. Valencia took a bus to Ventura California and started working in a little town named Saticoy. Mr. Valencia worked on the orchards of lemon, orange and strawberry earning salary was …


Interview No. 1600, Agustin Diaz Roldan Jan 2008

Interview No. 1600, Agustin Diaz Roldan

Combined Interviews

He states that he rotated working in Imperial Valley, Phoenix, Arizona, and Salinas, California from 1954-1960, renewing his contract eighteen months at a time with the same farm company, he picked cotton, lettuce, tomatoes, chilly, asparagus, and strawberries; he also worked as a cook for the farmers, he remembers men were given three meals with lunch being delivered to the fields, they were charged $1.75 a day for all three meals, he would work seven days a week; he recalls in detail the procedure he went through to become a bracero; he used oil and dirt to make his hands …


Interview No. 1332, Horacio Andrejol Nogales Jan 2008

Interview No. 1332, Horacio Andrejol Nogales

Combined Interviews

Mr. Andrejol briefly describes his family; for a time he worked illegally in California, but his employer helped him become a bracero toward the end of 1958; he then completed an eighteen month contract; although his boss wanted him to drive, as a bracero he was not allowed; he was then sent to Tijuana, Baja California, México, to arrange for legal residency; as a bracero, his primary responsibility was to feed and care for livestock; he initially returned to Empalme, Sonora, México, where he waited for fifteen days while he was sent money by his employer in the states on …


Interview No. 1346, Francisco Gallardo González Jan 2008

Interview No. 1346, Francisco Gallardo González

Combined Interviews

Mr. Gallardo talks about his family and hometown; in 1954, he came to the United States and worked without proper documentation in Holtville, California; his boss took him to El Centro, California to obtain a contract with the bracero program; he explains what he went through, including medical exams and delousing procedures, before returning to work in Holtville; after his contract ended, he returned to México and went through the contracting process in Empalme, Sonora, México, which was much more difficult, due to the requirements and long waiting times; as a bracero, he labored in the alfalfa fields and orange …


Interview No. 1341, Eberto Enríquez Jan 2008

Interview No. 1341, Eberto Enríquez

Combined Interviews

Mr. Enríquez describes his family and what it was like growing up in Bacerac, Sonora, México; after learning about the bracero program, he took a bus to the contracting center in Empalme, Sonora, México, in order to enlist; he details the difficulties he encountered while there, as well as the medical exams and other procedures he underwent; from there, he was transported by train to Mexicali, Baja California, and then to El Centro, California; upon entering the United States, he was examined again, stripped naked, and fumigated; before being allowed to dress, he was photographed for his mica card; he …


Military Hero, Richard Holtzman Jan 2008

Military Hero, Richard Holtzman

History and Social Sciences Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.


Ua37/21 Faculty Personal Papers William Jenkins, Wku Archives Jan 2008

Ua37/21 Faculty Personal Papers William Jenkins, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

Documents relating to the life and achievements of William Jenkins. The series contains biographical and professional data.


Growing Up Separate: An Oral History Of The College Educational And Career Outcomes Of Black Graduates From A Rural, Segregated Public High School From 1954 To 1969, George Ann Newsome Stallings Jan 2008

Growing Up Separate: An Oral History Of The College Educational And Career Outcomes Of Black Graduates From A Rural, Segregated Public High School From 1954 To 1969, George Ann Newsome Stallings

Theses and Dissertations

Using an oral history format, the qualitative study of graduates from Sparkman Training School, an all-Black small, rural school in Sparkman, Arkansas, sought to identify factors evident in this segregated school that enhanced the chances for those graduates in becoming successful in college. The four research questions of the study sought factors in the segregated experience that motivated participants to attend college, helped prepare them for college, contributed to their academic persistence to college graduation, and contributed to a successful collegiate experience. Seven former teachers and 24 of the 35 identified college graduates from 1954 to the school’s closing in …