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Full-Text Articles in History

From Camp Hill To Harvard Yard: The Early Years Of Claude D. Pepper, Ric A. Kabat Mar 2022

From Camp Hill To Harvard Yard: The Early Years Of Claude D. Pepper, Ric A. Kabat

Florida Historical Quarterly

Claude D. Pepper was born into economically deprived and socially humble circumstances on September 8, 1900, in Chambers County, Alabama. He grew up acquiring the traditional values of hard work, delayed gratification, Christian moral teachings, and, most importantly, a belief in cooperation and communitarian responsibility. These ethical standards shaped his personal life and propelled him into one of the most longstanding and productive political careers in American history. Together with contemporary liberal politicians from the South, such as Alabama congressman Carl Elliott, Senator and later Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black, Senator John J. Sparkman, Senator J. William Fulbright, and Lyndon …


Southern Extremities: The Significance Of Fort Myers In The Civil War, Irvin D. Solomon Mar 2022

Southern Extremities: The Significance Of Fort Myers In The Civil War, Irvin D. Solomon

Florida Historical Quarterly

Although critical to American military operations in the Third Seminole War, Fort Myers would have probably faded into history after its abandonment in 1858 if not for the Civil War. Towards the end of that bloody conflict the post took on a new significance for both sides. Not only did the Union reactivate the fort in the very midst of a presumed Confederate stronghold, but it staffed the garrison with black troops— the ultimate insult to those Southerners who stubbornly remained true to the Stars and Bars. Consequently, the recommissioning of Fort Myers resulted in the largest military action of …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 72, Number 2. Includes the Table of Contents


History News, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Annual Meeting, Journal Issues, Awards and Prizes, News, Meetings


William Tecumseh Sherman's Introduction To War, 1840-1842: Lesson For Action, Jane F. Lancaster Mar 2022

William Tecumseh Sherman's Introduction To War, 1840-1842: Lesson For Action, Jane F. Lancaster

Florida Historical Quarterly

William Tecumseh Sherman graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point on July 1, 1840, while the United States Army was fighting the Second Seminole War. About three months later this young second lieutenant, an Ohio native, received his first assignment as an officer, and joined the Third Artillery in Florida. Sherman spent the next seventeen months serving at three posts— Fort Pierce, Fort Lauderdale, and Picolata— from which he scouted swamps to find elusive Indians, led an expedition to bring in Coacoochee (Wild Cat)— one of the most colorful Seminole leaders— and commanded a supply depot. By …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA IN THE XVITH CENTURY, DISCOVERY AND CONQUEST, by María Antonia Sáinz, reviewed by Paul E. Hoffman; PIRATES AND PRIVATEERS OF THE CARIBBEAN, by Jenifer Marx, reviewed by Light Townsend Cummins; THE BUSINESS OF MAY NEXT: JAMES MADISON AND THE FOUNDING, by William Lee Miller, reviewed by Aubrey C. Land; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789: VOLUME 19, AUGUST 1, 1782-MARCH 11, 1783, edited by Paul H. Smith, Gerald W. Gawalt, and Ronald M. Gephart, reviewed by Robert M. Calhoon; AFRICANS IN COLONIAL LOUISIANA: THE DEVELOPMENT OF AFRO-CREOLE CULTURE IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, by Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, reviewed by Gilbert …


Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the field of Florida history, archaeology, geography, political science, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1992. Articles, notes, and documents that have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume. The present listing also includes articles appearing in journals not published on schedule and that were not in the list printed in the July 1992 issue of the Quarterly.


Nancy Hynes Duval: Florida's First Lady, 1822-1834, Frank L. Snyder Mar 2022

Nancy Hynes Duval: Florida's First Lady, 1822-1834, Frank L. Snyder

Florida Historical Quarterly

The contributions of women to Florida history, and the details of their lives, have been sadly neglected by the state’s historians. Unfortunately, that fact particularly is applicable to the nineteenth century, when Florida developed political, social, and religious institutions and patterns that have continued to influence the state and its residents. Unless the individual left reminiscences, such as was the case with Ellen Call Long and Susan Bradford Eppes, or else attained national prominence, as did Rachel Jackson and Peggy Timberlake Eaton, the likelihood of our familiarity with them— despite their lifetime prominence and importance-is slim at best. One such …


The Florida Seminole Land Claims Case, 1950-1990, Harry A. Kersey, Jr. Mar 2022

The Florida Seminole Land Claims Case, 1950-1990, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

Long before the Florida Seminoles received federal recognition as a tribe in 1957 under the Indian Reorganization Act, they had become engaged in the defense of inherent tribal rights. Two major legal cases— one involving compensation for Seminole lands taken prior to the Second Seminole War and the other having to do with Seminole water rights on the Florida reservations during this century— had their origins in the 1950s before tribal government was established and functioning.1 In both instances congressional action finally resolved the issue in favor of the Seminoles. The much heralded Land Claims Case deserves special attention because …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 72, Number 1. Includes the Table of Contents


The "Calamities Of Florida": Father Solana, Governor Palacio Y Valenzuela, And The Desertion Of 1753, Robert Kapitzke Mar 2022

The "Calamities Of Florida": Father Solana, Governor Palacio Y Valenzuela, And The Desertion Of 1753, Robert Kapitzke

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the past, studies of St. Augustine in the First Spanish Period (1565-1763) portrayed the settlement’s jurisdictional division of power as a series of two-way struggles between the Franciscans and the governors, the governors and the secular clergy, or the secular clergy and the Franciscans.1 More recent investigations, however, have shown that to appreciate the complexities of St. Augustine society fully it is necessary to look beyond this narrow, two-dimensional interpretation.2 St. Augustine, like all communities, was composed of an ever-changing web of interrelations involving all segments of society. Alliances were formed, and sides were taken. Often the struggle for …


Index To Volume Lxxi, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Index To Volume Lxxi, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


Director's Meeting, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Director's Meeting, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

The semiannual meeting of the officers and board of directors of the Florida Historical Society was convened at 1:15 P.M. in the student center of the Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, January 23, 1993, by David H. Colburn, president.


History News, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Annual Meeting, Journeys for the Junior Historian, Northeast Florida History, Nationals Register of Historic Places, Awards and Recognitions, Call for Papers


Review Essays--Henry Clay And The Historian: A One-Hundred-Year Perspective, John M. Belohlavek Mar 2022

Review Essays--Henry Clay And The Historian: A One-Hundred-Year Perspective, John M. Belohlavek

Florida Historical Quarterly

Asked on his deathbed if he had any regrets of things that he had not done in his life, Andrew Jackson replied, “Yes, I didn’t shoot Henry Clay and I didn’t hang John C. Calhoun.” Jackson viewed Clay as a “base, mean scoundrel,” while Clay judged Old Hickory to be an ignorant, corrupt hypocrite. Although Clay attained an enviable list of public contributions during his lifetime, the enmity between him and Jackson often serves as the focal point of the Kentuckian’s forty-year career. Clay scholars have struggled for over 150 years to bring him out of Jackson’s shadow and into …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

SPANISH PATHWAYS IN FLORIDA: 1492-1992, edited by Ann L. Henderson and Gary R. Mormino, reviewed by Luis Rafael Arana; HEAVY ARTILLERY AND LIGHT INFANTRY: A HISTORY OF THE 1ST FLORIDA SPECIAL BATTALION & 10TH INFANTRY, C.S.A., by Don Hillhouse, reviewed by William Nulty; JACKSONVILLE AFTER THE FIRE, 1901-1919: A NEW SOUTH CITY, by James B. Crooks, reviewed by Raymond Arsenault; IDELLA: MARJORIE RAWLINGS’ “PERFECT MAID,” by Idella Parker with Mary Keating, reviewed by Jim Haskins; SPANISH OBSERVERS AND THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, 1775-1783, by Light Townsend Cummins, reviewed by Sherry Johnson; SACRED REVOLT: THE MUSKOGEE STRUGGLE FOR A NEW WORLD, by …


Review Essays--Jessie Ball Dupont: A Gracious And Generous Lady, James B. Crooks Mar 2022

Review Essays--Jessie Ball Dupont: A Gracious And Generous Lady, James B. Crooks

Florida Historical Quarterly

In September 1951 when Governor Fuller Warren asked Jessie Ball duPont to serve on the Florida Board of Control (forerunner of the Board of Regents), he spoke of her as “perhaps the state’s top taxpayer, [who] heads Florida’s biggest business-banking empire” (p. 201). The governor’s description exaggerated Mrs. duPont’s control over the St. Joe Paper Company, the Florida National Bank, and the Florida East Coast Railroad, but there was little question that she was one of the wealthiest persons in Florida. Mrs. duPont and her husband, Alfred I. duPont, had moved to Florida from Delaware in 1926 partly to escape …


Joseph L. Wiley: A Black Florida Educator, Joe M. Richardson Mar 2022

Joseph L. Wiley: A Black Florida Educator, Joe M. Richardson

Florida Historical Quarterly

"What has become of Prof. Wiley," asked the Ocala Evening Star on September 6, 1915.1 Joseph L. Wiley, longtime principal of Fessenden Academy at Martin, had mysteriously disappeared on July 1 while in Ocala to attend a movie. He had parked his car on West Broadway and walked to the Temple Theater downtown. The next morning his car was still there, but Wiley was never seen again. His financial affairs were in order, he had drawn no money from the bank, and his family and possessions remained behind. Rumors abounded as to his whereabouts. Many local blacks believed that he …


Joseph Urban's Palm Beach Architecture, Donald W. Curl Mar 2022

Joseph Urban's Palm Beach Architecture, Donald W. Curl

Florida Historical Quarterly

When Paris Singer established the Everglades Club, he changed forever the nature of Palm Beach as a winter resort. Until 1918 social life centered on the Flagler hotels and the Beach Club, Colonel Edward Bradley’s gambling casino. In the period after World War I, when growing wealth allowed America’s middle class to plan winter vacations, society found its exclusiveness threatened. Almost anyone who could afford it could register at the Royal Poinciana, the Breakers, or the Palm Beach Hotel. The Everglades Club, with its expensive restricted membership, allowed for a new definition of society in the winter resort.


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 71, Number 4. Includes the Table of Contents


Florida's Fudged Identity, Stephen J. Whitfield Mar 2022

Florida's Fudged Identity, Stephen J. Whitfield

Florida Historical Quarterly

"No symbols where none intended," the warning that Samuel Beckett issued near the end of his second novel, would drive American Studies professors out of business and push them into an occupation of greater social benefit.1 For it is the point of this essay to find some inadvertent symbols and to discern iconographic significance in the history of a state. Florida should make an especially promising subject because of its mythic status, tapping into the nation’s definition of itself. Its saga appears to be more than a combination of geographic constraints and political boundaries and economic developments and demographic patterns. …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

EXCAVATIONS ON THE FRANCISCAN FRONTIER: ARCHAEOLOGY AT THE FIG SPRINGS MISSION, by Brent Richards Weisman, reviewed by Rochelle A. Marrinan; THE FRENCH THORN: RIVAL EXPLORERS IN THE SPANISH SEA, 1682-1762, by Robert S. Weddle, reviewed by Light Townsend Cummins; LACHLAN MCGILLIVRAY, INDIAN TRADER: THE SHAPING OF THE SOUTHERN COLONIAL FRONTIER, by Edward J. Cashin, reviewed by Robin F. A. Fabel; THE PAPERS OF JOHN C. CALHOUN, VOLUME XX: OCTOBER -DECEMBER 1844, edited by Clyde N. Wilson, reviewed by Herbert J. Doherty; A FAMILY VENTURE: MEN AND WOMEN ON THE SOUTHERN FRONTIER, by Joan E. Cashin, reviewed by Janet Allured; ATLANTIC …


History News, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Gulf Coast History Conference, South Prong Cemetary, Seminole Wars Historical Foundation, Awards, Announcements and Activities


Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This list shows the amount and variety of Florida history research and writing currently underway, as reported to The Florida Historical Quarterly. Doctoral dissertations and master’s theses completed in 1989 are included. Research in Florida history, sociology, anthropology, political science, archaeology, geography, and urban studies is listed.


"Captured On Canvas": Mckenney-Hall's History Of The Indian Tribes Of North America, Shirley H. Bowers Mar 2022

"Captured On Canvas": Mckenney-Hall's History Of The Indian Tribes Of North America, Shirley H. Bowers

Florida Historical Quarterly

Thomas Lorraine McKenney was the second superintendent of Indian Trade and later the first director of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Born March 21, 1785, in Somerset County, Maryland, he was twenty-four when he moved to Washington, D.C., and opened a dry-goods establishment in Georgetown. McKenney’s friends— some of the most powerful men in government— included John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, and Secretary of State James Monroe. These contacts helped him receive the appointment in 1816 as superintendent in the Office of Indian Trade.


Philadelphia Story: Florida Gives William Bartram A Second Chance, Charlotte M. Porter Mar 2022

Philadelphia Story: Florida Gives William Bartram A Second Chance, Charlotte M. Porter

Florida Historical Quarterly

William Bartram’s book, Travels Through North & South Carolina, Georgia, East & West Florida . . ., published in 1791, presented the most “consistent aesthetic theory produced in America up to his day.“ 1 Two hundred years later, appreciation of this complex work requires an understanding of the author’s intellectual growth, for the Travels is both a volume of natural history and autobiography.


Toward A More Humane Oppression: Florida's Slave Codes, 1821-1861, Joseph Conan Thompson Mar 2022

Toward A More Humane Oppression: Florida's Slave Codes, 1821-1861, Joseph Conan Thompson

Florida Historical Quarterly

As personal property capable of independent action, slaves posed a unique dilemma to antebellum Florida’s ruling society. Statute law, which defined criminal behavior and affixed punishment for white criminals, could not be applied easily to the slaves lest whites compromise the hegemonic function of the law. A clear line of distinction between the two races was needed in order to maintain black subordination and race control. Had the ruling class consented to a body of laws that would have applied equally to both master and slave, that line might have been disconcertingly ambiguous. Any hint of equality under the law …


Title Page, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 71, Number 3. Includes the Table of Contents


Chloe Merrick Reed: Freedom's First Lady, Sarah Whitmer Foster Mar 2022

Chloe Merrick Reed: Freedom's First Lady, Sarah Whitmer Foster

Florida Historical Quarterly

During the past three decades Florida’s Civil War and Reconstruction-era history has been the subject of careful reconsideration. Beginning with the 1963 publication of John E. Johns’s Florida During the Civil War and continuing with Joe M. Richardson’s The Negro in the Reconstruction of Florida, 1865-1877 and Jerrell H. Shofner’s Nor Is It Over Yet: Florida in the Era of Reconstruction, 1863-1877, the complexities of the period have been vividly revealed.1 New and far more positive perspectives upon the lives and careers of black leaders, carpetbaggers, and southern loyalists can be credited among the results of this revisionist scholarship.


Communists, Klansmen, And The Cio In The Florida Citrus Industry, Jerrell H. Shofner Mar 2022

Communists, Klansmen, And The Cio In The Florida Citrus Industry, Jerrell H. Shofner

Florida Historical Quarterly

When the United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing, and Allied Workers of America, with its CIO affiliation, its inter-racial membership policy, and its alleged and subsequently proven communist leadership began sending organizers into central Florida in 1937, citrus owners and operators reacted swiftly with anger and vigor. The UCAPAWA-CIO confirmed their suspicions that organized labor, communism, socialism, and what the American Legion called “the other isms” were essentially alike— un-American and things to be treated as any other disease. As Frank McCallister, a socialist member of the Workers Defense League, put it in 1938 when a legionnaire called him a “dangerous communist, …