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The Archaeology Of The 16th And 17th Century Caddo In The Post Oak Savannah Of Northeast Texas: The Tuinier Farm (41hp237), R. A. Watkins (41hp238), And Anglin (41hp240) Sites In The Stoots Creek Basin, Hopkins County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula, Elsbeth Dowd, Lee Green, George Morgan, Bo Nelson, Leeanna Schniebs, Beau Schriever, Jesse Todd, Mark Walters

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Tuinier Farm (41HP237), R. A. Watkins (41HP238), and Anglin (41HP240) sites are 16th to 17th century Caddo sites in the modern-day Post Oak Savannah of Northeast Texas. All three of the sites are located on Stouts Creek, in the eastern part of Hopkins County, Texas, a northward-flowing tributary to White Oak Creek in the Sulphur River basin; the modern channel of White Oak Creek lies ca. 15 km north of these sites. The Culpepper site (41HP1), a previously investigated mid-to late 17th century Caddo habitation and cemetery site, is about 2 km downstream. Small areas of tall-grass prairie lie …

The Caddo And The Caddo Conference, Hiram F. Gregory

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

There was one lone Caddo at the early Caddo Conference held at the University of Oklahoma campus—Mrs. Vynola Beaver Newkumet—then there was a long gap. In 1973, the Chairman of the Caddo Nation, Melford Williams, was the banquet speaker for the Conference, which was held in Natchitoches, Louisiana. A panel, consisting of Thompson Williams, Vynola Newkumet, Phil Newkumet, and Pete Gregory, was also part of that conference.

An Account Of The Birth And Growth Of Caddo Archeology, As Seen By Review Of 50 Caddo Conferences, 1946-2008, Hester A. Davis, E. Mott Davis

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Any 50th anniversary should be noticed as a milestone of some sort, whether of a person or a thing. In this case, any of you who can subtract will recognize that from 1946, when the first Caddo Conference occurred, to 2008 is more than 50 years. This is because between 1946 and 1965, there were only eight meetings, and we ran out of things to talk about (or people to agree to host the meetings) and did not meet in 1969. After the 12th meeting in 1970, we have managed to have a meeting every year, and we have maintained …

Archaeological Investigations In The Courtyard Of Mission Nuestra Señora De La Purisima Concepción Acuña (41bx12), Antonia L. Figueroa, Steve A. Tomka

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Archaeological investigations took place in the courtyard of Mission Concepción between 2002 and 2005 in order to identify remnant architectural remains of Spanish Colonial structures prior to the installation of a drainage system. Archaeological investigations were performed under the auspices of two field schools held by the Department of Anthropology’s Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA). The Center’s Legacy Public Outreach Program also held a field school as part of these investigations. Archival documents indicate that the granary and another structure, possibly the community storeroom or corridor, occupied the courtyard. Investigations in the …

The Walnut Branch Hike And Bike Trail Pedestrian Survey, Guadalupe County, Texas, Antonia L. Figueroa, Kristi M. Ulrich, Eric R. Oksanen

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted an intensive pedestrian survey along Walnut Branch in Seguin, Guadalupe County, Texas during the first half of 2008 and in June of 2009.This investigation was associated with the Walnut Branch Hike and Bike Trail project that involves the City of Seguin and Jacobs. The project aims to revitalize a portion of Walnut Branch for community betterment, tourism and the stimulation of commercial development. There are several historical structures in the environs of the creek, including the Sebastopol State Historical Structure. The archaeological investigations associated with this …

Archaeological Testing Of 41bx1788 On The Salado Creek Greenway Near Voelcker Ranch, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Leonard Kemp

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In September of 2008, The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) conducted eligibility testing of a previously unknown archaeological site adjacent to the Salado Creek Greenway near the Voelcker Ranch, located in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. 41BX1788 was found by a local resident after the construction of piers for a pedestrian bridge associated with the Salado Creek Greenway. The primary purpose of testing was to determine if any intact cultural deposits or features remained that would be impacted by further bridge construction. CAR excavated a 1 x 1-meter test unit and …

The Cayo Del Oso Site (41nu2) Volume Ii Results Of Archeological Monitoring Of Spur 3, Corpus Christi, Nueces County, Texas 2000-2007, Barbara M. Meissner, Steve A. Tomka, Jennifer A. Thompson, Raymond P. Mauldin

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This report is the second volume in a two volume set (see Jackson et al. 2004) detailing the archeological work conducted at site 41NU2 over several years. This volume focuses on the results of construction monitoring associated with road improvements to Spur 3, in Corpus Christi. The work was conducted under Texas Antiquities Committee Permit Number 2445, originally issued to Dr. Robert Hard, who served as the Principal Investigator during the early phases of the project. In 2001, the permit was transferred to Dr. Raymond P. Mauldin, who served as the Principal Investigator the remainder of the project. i

Archaeological Survey Of The Proposed Road Improvements At The Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park, Johnson City, Gillespie County, Texas, Kristi M. Ulrich

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In September of 2009, CAR was contracted by the National Park Service Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park to conduct a pedestrian survey along the routes of the proposed improvements to two park roads: Bailey Road and Davis Road. Thirty shovel tests were excavated during the linear survey. Of these 30 shovel tests, seven produced cultural material. The material encountered consisted of lithic flakes and metal fragments. One multi-component site was designated during the course of the project. Site 41GL411 produced a few flakes, rusted unidentifiable metal fragments, a fencing staple and slag. CAR recommends that the site’s mixed deposits …

Archaeological Survey Of The Paloma Subdivision, Bexar County, Texas, Antonia L. Figueroa

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted an archaeological survey for the Paloma Subdivision in Bexar County, Texas. The project area is located in east Bexar County and consisted of approximately 328 acres. During the survey, 85 shovel tests were excavated and sites 41BX1792, 41BX1793, 41BX1794, and 41BX1795 were identified and recorded. Two of the sites possessed prehistoric components (41BX1792 and 41BX1793). A temporal affiliation was not discernable for 41BX1793 but one diagnostic (stem of an Edwards projectile point) was recovered from 41BX1792 dating the site to the Late Prehistoric. 41BX1794 and 41BX1795 …

National Register Of Historic Places Eligibility Testing Of 41bx1764 (The Dos Mujeres Site), Bexar County, Texas, Antonia L. Figueroa

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility testing at site 41BX1764. The archaeological testing associated with the Salado Creek Greenway project located in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas was completed to fulfill contract requirements with Adams Environmental, Inc. of San Antonio. The survey was conducted under the requirements of the City of San Antonio Unified Development Code Chapter 35, Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966, and the Texas Antiquities Code. The archaeological testing was performed under Texas Antiquities Permit No. …

Archaeological Survey For The Planned First Responders Academy, Bexar County, Texas, Antonia L. Figueroa

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Center for Archaeological Research at The University of Texas at San Antonio performed an archaeological survey for the planned First Responder Academy, Bexar County, Texas. The work was conducted for O’Neil Conrad Oppelt Architects, Inc. As a result of the archaeological survey two new sites were recorded. 41BX1789, a historic site, consisted of a historic structure along with household debris. 41BX1790, identified as a prehistoric site, consisted of a light scatter of lithic debitage and burned rock. One of the Medina Lake irrigation canals runs along the perimeter of the project area and many areas are inundated due to …

Archaeological Monitoring Of The Urban Reach Section Of The San Antonio River Improvement Project:Archaeological Monitoring Of The Urban Reach Section Of The San Antonio River Improvement Project, Kristi M. Ulrich, Barbara A. Meissner, Maria Watson Pfeiffer

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Between May of 2007 and February of 2009, archaeologists monitored the removal of soil from the banks of the San Antonio River in preparation for the Riverwalk expansion between the Lexington Avenue Dam to Josephine Street Bridge. The project was part of the Museum “Urban” Reach portion of the San Antonio River Improvements Project. The Center for Archaeological Research at the University of Texas at San Antonio was contracted by Ford, Powell and Carson Architects & Planners, Inc. This work was complete under Texas Antiquities Permit No. 5377, issued by the Texas Historical Commission. Several features were uncovered during the …

Cultural Resource Assessment And Archival Research For The Proposed Galveston-Bolivar Causeway Galveston County, Texas, Amy Borgens, Doug Jones, Dan Hudson

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In 2008, following a cultural resources remote-sensing survey for the Proposed Galveston-Bolivar Causeway Project, PBS&J was contracted by the Texas Department of Transportation to perform three studies as supplements to the original investigation. These studies comprised a hydraulic probing investigation at the Old Port Bolivar slip in the area of a charted historic shipwreck; a review of historic maps and aerial photography of the Area of Potential Effect (APE); and an assessment of a collection of abandoned hulks at the northwestern tip of Bolivar Peninsula. All three studies were completed between June and August 2008.

The hydraulic probing investigation at …

Archaeological Research At The Wilson-Durham-Chandler Site, Molly Morgan

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Work conducted by the Center for Archaeological Studies, under contract with the Wilson Pottery Foundation, and sponsored by that foundation with a grant from the Texas Historical Commission, was undertaken in 2007-2009 to document and conserve the remains of the Wilson-Durham-Chandler site, protecting the location of important socioeconomic transitions following the Civil War. Today, these material remains, along with other significant locations in Seguin including the other Wilson sites, the Capote community church, cemetery, and schoolhouse, and the Wilson Pottery Museum (under construction for a future opening) all function to link members of modern society with important people and events …

Results Of Archaeological Survey And Limited Archival Research Of Fairfield Lake State Park, Freestone County, Texas, Julian A. Sitters, Jon C. Lohse, David M. Yelacic, Sarah Scogin

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Following the 2008 reassessment, TPWD contracted CAS to carry out a systematic survey of the 1,460-acre park, excluding previously recorded sites, inundated terrain, and areas of modern disturbance that resulted from park infrastructure developments. The purpose of the survey was to ensure a complete inventory of cultural resources within the park. The effort included pedestrian survey and excavation of 215 shovel tests, as well as archival research to identify historic structures that may have once been present, but that were now razed and that could be considered potential sites. An additional element of this project involved some archival research to …

Archaeological Investigations On The Herd Ranch In Western Menard County, Texas, Jon C. Lohse

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In the summer of 2009, the Center for Archaeological Studies at Texas State University (CAS) conducted an archaeological survey and limited testing of portions of the Rafter Z Ranch and Saba Ranch (collectively referred to as the Herd Ranch) in western Menard County, Central Texas. This work was privately funded by the Herd family, who has long maintained a sincere interest in identifying, understanding, and preserving the very many historic and prehistoric resources on their property. The Herd Ranch is located along the north bank of the San Saba River, due east of historic Fort McKavett and approximately 20 miles …

Cultural Resources Survey At Old Velaso Townsite, 41bo125 Brazoria County, Texas, Andrea Stahman

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

At the request of Port Freeport and the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, PBS&J has conducted a cultural resources survey of a portion of Old Velasco (41BO125), a historic townsite at the current location Brazoria County, Texas. Initially settled by Stephen F. Austin in the 1820s, Old Velasco became an important coastal port and military outpost during the 1830s and early years of the Republic of Texas, but declined during the mid-nineteenth century and was eventually abandoned by the late 1870s. The purpose of the survey was to identify potential impacts from the proposed widening of the …

The Henry Chapman Site (41sm56), Mark Walters

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In the mid-1950s, Sam Whiteside conducted excavations at the Henry Chapman site, his site P-5 (41SM56), on Prairie Creek in eastern Smith County, Texas, some 18 miles east of Tyler, Texas. Mr. Whiteside was an amateur archaeologist who discovered and explored numerous sites up and down Prairie Creek as well as other important sites in Smith and adjoining counties. The Chapman site was one of the first sites to be investigated by Mr. Whiteside, and the major part of the work took place there in 1957 and 1958.

In August 1957, the site was visited by Edward B. Jelks and …

Caddo Ceramics From The D'Ortolan Site (41na299), Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The D'Ortolan site (41NA299) is a late 1790s to 1830s ranch established by Bernard D'Ortolan on Bayou Loco, a tributary to the Angelina River, in Nacogdoches County, Texas. The ranch was known as Rancho San Bemando del Loco. Tom Middlebrook, Texas Archeological Steward, located and identified the rancho in 2003.

During the course of archaeological investigations conducted at the site over the next few years, a small sample of aboriginal Caddo ceramic sherds were found on the rancho in contexts indicating that Caddo ceramic vessels were in use during the rancho occupation. These vessels had to have been obtained by …

A Study Of Chipped Stone Artifacts From The Redwine Site (41sm193), Smith County, Texas, Harry J. Shafer

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This article presents a detailed analysis of chipped stone artifacts from the Redwine Site (41SM193), a Middle Caddo mound and village site located on the headwaters of Auburn Creek, a tributary of the Sabine River. The collection includes chipped stone recovered from the surface, test excavations, and arrow points associated with two adult burials. The site was investigated by avocational archeologist Sam Whiteside in the 1960s and more recently by Mark Walters and Patti Haskins under the direction of John Keller of Southern Archaeological Consultants. The investigations and material culture have been briefly described. This study is designed to take …

A Probable Early 19th Century Coushatta Village Site On Big Cypress Bayou In Northeastern Texas, Timothy K. Perttula, Bryan E. Boyd

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In February 2002, avocational archaeologists from northeastern Texas and northwestern Louisiana conducted archaeological investigations in an area along Big Cypress Bayou in Marion County, Texas, to search for and identify a pre-1841 Coushatta Indian village depicted on a 1943 General Land Office map. That map showed a "Coushatti" village with at least seven to eight structures (a common way at the time to indicate an Indian village, but not necessarily an accurate characterization of the number of structures once present at the site) near the confluence of Black Cypress Bayou and Big Cypress Bayou. This article describes the results of …

Historic Caddo Archaeology On The Red And Lower Sulphur River Areas Of Northeast Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Post-ca. A.D. 1685 Caddo archaeological sites are somewhat surprisingly uncommon on the Red and lower Sulphur rivers in Northeast Texas compared to other parts of this broad region. For instance, there are more Historic Caddo sites known in Nacogdoches County in the Neches and Angelina river basin in East Texas than there are in all of the Red and lower Sulphur river regions.

The low density of Historic Caddo archaeological sites on the Red and lower Sulphur river areas of Northeast Texas is a product of several factors, the most important likely being the rapid abandonment of much of the …

The Pine Tree Mound Site And The Entrada Of The Hernando De Soto Expedition Of 1542, Ross C. Fields

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The entrada into Texas of the Hernando de Solo expedition in July 1542, which was led by Luis de Moscoso after de Soto's death in June of that year, is relevant to the Pine Tree Mound site (4IHS15) because it appears that the site was occupied at that time, and the entrada likely followed a path that brought it very close to the site. In fact, we hypothesize that the Pine Tree Mound site, along with associated villages nearby, is specifically mentioned in entrada accounts as the province of Nondacao. These may have been the forebears of the Nadaco (Anadarko) …

Archaeological Investigations At The Henry M. Site (41na60): An Early Historic Caddo Farmstead In Nacogdoches County, Texas, Tom Middlebrook, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Henry M. site (41NA60) is an early historic (post-A.D. 1680) Allen phase farmstead on a natural rise in the Bayou Loco floodplain in western Nacogdoches County in East Texas. Bayou Loco, a relatively small stream, flows south a few miles to its confluence with the Angelina River. The dam for Lake Nacogdoches on the bayou is about 1.7 miles to the north. Construction of Lake Nacogdoches inundated a number of contemporaneous Allen phase farmsteads- some of which were the scene of 1970s excavations-including 41NA18. The Henry M. site in the mid-1980s. (41NA21), Iron Rock (41NA22), Loco Bottoms (41NA23), and …

Seed Bead Color Patterns From Colonial Period Sites In Texas And Louisiana, George Avery

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This article focuses on the seed beads recovered from the Spradley site (41NA206), a possible Nacogdoches village site located south of Nacogdoches, Texas, and compares the seed bead color pattern to that of other colonial period sites in the region, including Deshazo (41NA27), Stephens (41NA202), Pearson (41RA5), Gilbert (41RAI3), Roseborough Lake (41BW5), Vinson (41LTI), Womack (41LRI), 41H064, Atlanta State Park (41CS37), Ware Acres (41GG31), and the shipwreck of La Belle in Texas; and Los Adaes (16NA16) and Colfax Ferry (16NA15) in Louisiana. The possible meaning of different seed bead color patterns is briefly discussed.

Archaeological Investigations At The Edwards Creek Site (41ft549) In The Trinity River Basin, Freestone County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula, Bo Nelson, Mark Walters, Leeannaa Schniebs

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Edwards Creek site (41Ff549) was found during the course of a 2005 archaeological survey of a proposed small lake project in the adjoining Indian Creek stream valley in southeastern Freestone County, Texas. The site was identified while reconnoitering the general project area, and at that time a darkly stained midden area was noted on the surface here, with animal bones and other artifacts visible across it. With the permission of the landowner, we returned to the Edwards Creek site to investigate the site and its midden deposits.

Analysis Of The Historic Caddo Ceramics From 41na223 In Downtown Nacogdoches, Nacogdoches County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In 1999, the late Dr. James E. Corbin of Stephen F. Austin University in Nacogdoches, Texas, recorded 41NA223 in a proposed parking lot associated with offices for the City of Nacogdoches. The site is located on the southern edge of an upland ridge (290 ft. amsl) between Banita Creek and La Nana Creek, southward-flowing tributaries of the Angelina River, and the area around it has a number of commercial buildings.

During the course of development of the parking lot for the County Courthouse of Nacogdoches, Caddo ceramics, animal bones, and late 18th early 19th century European artifacts were found on …

Trends And Varieties In Late Caddo And Historic Caddo Fine Ware Pottery Types In The Upper Neches River Basin, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

One of the goals of recent archaeological research investigations in the upper Neches River valley in East Texas is to better understand the temporal and stylistic character of the post-A.D. 1400/1450 Frankston and Allen phase Caddo ceramic assemblages found in this area. From this will hopefully arise a better understanding of the settlement history of Caddo peoples living here.

This research has involved a detailed examination of 278 vessels from burials on seven sites in the collections at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL), 31 vessels from burials at 41AN38, and a review of other vessel data (n=321 vessels) from …

Pottery From 41na202: The Stephens Site In Nacogdoches County, Texas, Robert L. Turner Jr.

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In late 1940 and early 1941, my father and I excavated the Stephens site (41NA202). The site is located on Bailey Creek approximately 5 km west of Central Heights in Nacogdoches County. The site had been identified by the land owner, who gave my father permission to excavate.

The purpose of this short article is to briefly describe the ceramic assemblage from the site. The assemblage is unique for this area of East Texas.

The excavated area from which the ceramic artifacts were recovered measured approximately 3 x 4.6 m with the long axis along the plow rows. The site …

Life On Jackson Creek, Smith County, Texas: Archeological Investigations Of A 14th Century Caddo Domicile At The Leaning Rock Site (41sm325), Mark Walters, Leslie G. Cecil, Linda S. Cummings, J. Phil Dering, Jeffery R. Ferguson, Michael D. Glascock, Timothy K. Perttula, Leeanna Schniebs, Harry J. Shafer, Jesse Todd, Chester P. Walker

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The 14th century Caddo Leaning Rock site was initially discovered in the Fall of 2004. It was located during reconnaissance to search out a location for the survey portion of the Texas Archeologica! Society's Academy IO I held in Tyler in February 2005. This was not a formal survey with transect lines. nor one using regularly spaced shovel tests. but was rather more of a "windshield"' type survey, consisting of driving across pasture lands looking at gopher mounds and checking fore, evidence of archeological deposits on likely looking landforms.

!n this area. landform and soil type seem to be the …