History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons^™

Fans In Ancient Egypt: Iconographic And Contextual Study Of Fans In The Predynastic, Old, And Middle Kingdoms, Nadra Zaki

Theses and Dissertations

A variety of fans existed throughout ancient Egyptian history. They had several forms and were made of different materials. They appear in two- and three-dimensional representations, as well as in texts. They relate to royalty and high officials and also feature in domestic settings, both out- and indoors. Fans were used for creating breeze, and providing shade in real life, and also during the journey to the afterlife, where they combined physical and metaphysical protection. Several names were associated with fans, depending on their functions, both in the secular and sacred world.

Earlier studies have either generally examined fans …

Codifying Domesticity: The Story Of The Recommended Minimum Requirements For Small Dwelling Construction Of 1923, The Housing Policy Of The Hoover Secretariat, And The Impact On American Residential Architecture, Noah Morris

Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design Theses & Dissertations

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, fire disasters and health-safety issues led to the widespread adoption of building codes. While the National Board of Fire Underwriters published the National Building Code in 1905, the code did not maintain regulatory consistency across the nation. This lack of consistency across the nation and socio-economic factors contributed to a nation-wide housing shortage of a million units by 1919. During World War I, the government addressed the housing crisis through the United States Housing Corporation and Emergency Fleet Corporation, building public housing based on the ideals of the Garden City Movement.[1] Following the …

Origins Of Art: Demystifying The Scheuring Icon Collection, Mikayla Klemp

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Tiberias: Glass Finds And Production Debris, Yael Gorin-Rosen

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

Around 300 glass fragments, along with glass industry waste, were found in the Tiberias excavation. About half were diagnostic and represented several periods: Early Roman, Late Roman to early Byzantine, Byzantine to late Byzantine and Early Islamic. Nine vessels and a stirring rod are illustrated and discussed, while others are mentioned in the text. The glass artifacts discovered during the excavation correspond to well-known types from Tiberias and its surrounding areas, as well as from a broader distribution. Most were likely produced locally, as evidenced by workshop debris found in this and other excavations in Tiberias, and supported by written …

Tiberias: Remains Of An Early Islamic Buff Ware Pottery Workshop, Yardenna Alexandre

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

A small four-square excavation carried out in an area outside the Ottoman city wall of Tiberias exposed the remains of an Early Islamic pottery workshop, built over earlier Byzantine-period walls. The building remains included parts of small rooms, pits and a tiled-floor installation. The overlying accumulations and thick ashy layers contained numerous sherds of Buff Ware vessels, including glazed bowls, partially fired plain vessels, decorated sherds, clay molds, kiln bars and basalt polishing tools. All these finds indicate that the site was an Abbasid–Fatimid period Buff Ware pottery workshop.

Ḥorbat Ṭurit (South): A Late Pottery Neolithic Ephemeral Site In The ‘Akko Plain, Dmitry Yegorov, Nuha Agha

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

An ephemeral prehistoric site was recovered south of the multi-period settlement of Ḥorbat Ṭurit, in the section between Yasif Junction and the ‘Akko East interchange. The site revealed an archaeological layer on top of sterile terra rosa soil. According to the analysis of the lithic assemblage, the site dates to the Late Pottery Neolithic period. Despite the limited excavated area and the absence of architectural or other constructed elements, the occupation level of the site yielded a significant number of flint artifacts, some pottery and stone tool fragments, as well as a small collection of faunal remains. The excavation results …

Kefar Veradim: An Intermediate Bronze Age Communal Burial Ground In Western Upper Galilee, Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

Between 2016 and 2018, three brief salvage excavations conducted northwest of Kefar Veradim uncovered twenty rock-cut shafts leading into multiple burial chambers dating to the Intermediate Bronze Age, as well as five associated rock-cut basins of purportedly mortuary function. These tombs are part of a burial ground extending along a rocky spur overlooking Naḥal Yeḥiʻam. At least ten of the identified underground burial chambers, which were of two different types and originally sealed with flat stone slabs, had been robbed in antiquity. The remaining tombs could not be explored due to significant interference from the ultra-Orthodox burial society Atra Kadisha.

Ḥorbat Ḥanut: The Glass Vessels / חורבת חנות: כלי הזכוכית, Yael Gorin-Rosen, Ruth E. Jackson-Tal

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

The glass assemblage unearthed in burial caves, refuse pits and trial trenches at Ḥorbat Ḥanut is represented by thirty vessel fragments, as well as glass beads strung in a gold necklace and glass production refuse. These finds can be divided into two chronological groups, spanning from the second to the fifth century CE. The collection of glass artifacts found in this excavation, as well as in other excavations at the site, illustrates the wide range of uses for glass vessels and objects in daily life and burial contexts from the mid-Roman to the Byzantine periods. It also provides insight into …

Ḥorbat Ḥanut: Remains From The Roman To The Ottoman Periods On The Outskirts Of The Settlement / חורבת חנות: שרידים מהתקופות הרומית עד העות׳מאנית בשולי היישוב, Anat Beck-Nachtigal, Etan Ayalon

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

The excavation at Ḥorbat Ḥanut uncovered remains from the Roman to the Ottoman periods, and especially from the Roman, Byzantine, Mamluk and Ottoman periods. These include burial caves, pit graves, caves, olive presses, refuse pits, water cisterns, quarries and other installations typical of the outskirts of a settlement. The site's location on the western fringes of the Samarian Highlands, alongside main roads, provided its inhabitants with economic and settlement advantages, ensuring a mixed economy that included field crops, vineyards, olive groves, pasturing, production of raw glass and glass vessels, and stone quarrying. Despite the site's location in a distinct Samarian …

‘En Shaddud: Elemental Composition Of Two Metal Weapons, Yonah Maor, Yotam Asscher

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

The elemental composition of two weapons from Middle Bronze Age I burials at Tel Shaddud was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence. Both the spearhead and the ‘duckbill’ axe head were arsenic-copper alloys but differed in their minor components. The axe head contained more lead, probably added to improve casting properties due to its complicated shape. The spearhead contained iron as a minor component.

‘En Shaddud: Early Bronze Age Settlement, Middle Bronze And Iron Age Burial Remains And A Hellenistic Farmstead At The Foot Of Tel Shaddud, Karen Covello-Paran, Tali Kan-Cipor-Meron

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

This study presents findings from excavations at the foot of Tel Shaddud, focusing on settlement and burial patterns across various historical periods. Evidence from the Early Bronze I layer reveals the initial settlement characterized by stone-paved floors and extensive habitation extending towards the nearby spring of ‘En Shaddud. The Middle Bronze I tombs uncovered indicate a cemetery below the tell, containing artifacts that reflect burial practices consistent with warrior traditions in the region. Notably, the analysis of burial offerings indicates continued cemetery use into the Iron Age. Hellenistic remains suggest a transition to agricultural use, with well-constructed farmstead features emerging …

Meretseger: A Reexamination, Parker M. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Meretseger, “She Who Loves Silence,” the cobra goddess of the Theban necropolis and local deity of Deir el-Medina, is well attested for in the New Kingdom. This single sentence makes up most of the information in publications today, derived from Bernard Bruyère’s Mert Seger à Deir el Médineh (1929-1930), the only study dedicated to the “Mistress of the West.” Since then, new evidence has been found after 1930 and has not been compiled into a single publication until now. This thesis will reexamine Meretseger to form a more accurate, up-to-date study of her attestations and iconographic representations and trace her …

The Re-Presentation And Mis-Re-Presentation Of The “Indigenous Woman” Throughout Mexico’S Colonial And Early Independence Periods (1521–1830), Alejandra Daosiri Rodriguez

Art & Art History ETDs

This research examines the visual and textual representations of Indigenous women in colonial New Spain and early independent Mexico (1521–1830), revealing how these images evolved alongside dynamic colonial political, social, and cultural shifts. Through an analysis of codices, portraits, and other material culture, this study demonstrates how colonial authorities, artists, and patrons manipulated these depictions to serve wider colonial agendas, from evangelization to social stratification. These representations often used Indigenous women as symbols, rather than as individual subjects, to reinforce hierarchical colonial structures, shape racial and gender identities, and support efforts to ‘civilize’ the native population. By focusing on pivotal …

Ottoman-Period Molluscs From The Harbor Area, Yafo (Jaffa), Inbar Ktalav

'Atiqot

This report discusses 558 malacological remains retrieved from the Yafo harbor excavations. The assemblage includes Mediterranean shells and Indo-Pacific bivalves and a single land snail, mostly dated to the Ottoman period. The Pinctada margaritifera remains were probably production waste of the European button industry, which reached Yafo en route to Jerusalem and Bethlehem, where it was used as raw material for inlaying religious souvenirs.

A Glass Bottle From The Days Of The British Mandate From The Harbor Area, Yafo (Jaffa), Brigitte Ouahnouna

'Atiqot

The glass fragments retrieved from the excavations in the Yafo harbor date to the British Mandate period. They include mass-produced brown and green glass bottles, colorless glass windowpane fragments, two incomplete colorless glass salt-and-pepper sets, and two fragments of colored glass bracelet. One mold-made bottle bears a manufacturer’s mark in Hebrew, indicating a local production.

A Late Ottoman Ceramic Assemblage From The Harbor Area, Yafo (Jaffa), Anna De Vincenz

'Atiqot

The pottery retrieved from the excavations in the Yafo harbor dated mostly to the Late Ottoman period, from the eighteenth to the beginning of the twentieth century. The Ottoman-period ceramics consist of hard-paste ware, porcelain and stoneware vessels, such as plates, bowls, coffee cups and bottles, mainly imported from Europe, as well as earthenware vessels imported from Turkey and Greece, and glazed cooking pots from southern France. Black Gaza Ware and other coarse ware vessels were locally produced. Ottoman clay smoking pipes of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were found abundantly in the excavation, while only a few narghile heads …

The Yafo (Jaffa) Harbor: The Course Of The Seawalls During The Crusader And Ottoman Periods And Remains Of The Wharf From The Days Of The British Mandate (Hebrew; English Summary), Elie Haddad, Alexander Glick

'Atiqot

Salvage excavations in the Yafo harbor area uncovered five strata (V–I), dating from the Byzantine period to the modern era. A short section of the Byzantine-period seawall and sections of the Crusader seawall were exposed, as well as four phases of the Ottoman-period harbor, including wharfs, a customs house and a seawall. At the end of the Ottoman and the beginning of the Mandate periods, a maritime citadel and a system of wide and narrow stairs were constructed. The finds included pottery, glass vessels, metal objects and seashells. The course of the seawalls in the Yafo harbor moved westward over …

The Coins From The Synagogue At Ḥorbat Merot, Upper Galilee, Gabriela Bijovsky

'Atiqot

A total of 1886 coins were discovered in the Merot synagogue excavations, 1152 of which were identified, including isolated coins, three foundation deposits and the synagogue’s community treasury (quppa), comprising gold and copper coins. According to the numismatic data, the synagogue flourished in the sixth century, when the community treasury was concealed.

Selected Pottery From The Synagogue At Ḥorbat Merot, Débora Sandhaus

'Atiqot

The pottery finds retrieved in the synagogue excavations at Ḥorbat Merot included vessels from sealed loci below the Stratum II Phase 2 stone-paved synagogue, providing a terminus post quem for the laying of the Phase 2 floor, not earlier than the fifth century CE; and a complete Umayyad-period buff-ware flask found within a sealed rock-hewn niche below the Stratum II Phase 3 Bet Midrash floor. Roman- to Ottoman-period pottery from disturbed contexts was also retrieved. Based on the pottery finds, the site was occupied in the Early Roman, Roman, Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader, Ayyubid, Mamluk and Ottoman periods.

The Synagogue At Ḥorbat Merot: Its Construction Phases And A New Interpretation Of The Finds (Hebrew; English Summary), Emmanuel Damati

'Atiqot

This article focuses on the ancient synagogue uncovered at Ḥorbat Merot and offers a new interpretation of its various phases. Three strata were identified: Stratum I, predating the synagogue, from the Early Roman period; Stratum II, the construction of the synagogue and its use, with three phases dating from the Byzantine to the Early Islamic periods; and Stratum III, when the building served as a dwelling in the Mamluk period. In the Ottoman period, an Algerian village existed on-site. The excavation of the synagogue yielded many finds, including coin deposits dating from the fourth and fifth centuries CE; a treasury …

Coins From The Hellenistic–Byzantine-Period Rural Settlement At El-Khirba, Shoham, Donald T. Ariel

'Atiqot

A total of 208 coins were found at el-Khirba, Shoham, all but three (which are silver-plated) are bronze. The numismatic profile of the assemblage conforms to the tripartite chronological division of the site: the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine periods.

The Metal Objects From The Hellenistic–Byzantine-Period Rural Settlement At El-Khirba, Shoham, Shulamit Hadad

'Atiqot

A few iron and copper-alloy objects were retrieved from el-Khirba, Shoham, in contexts dated from the Hellenistic to the Byzantine periods. These include tacks, fibulae, kohl sticks, discs of unknown function, part of a lock or a clasp, a square weight, nails and a complete hoe.

The Stone Objects From The Hellenistic–Byzantine-Period Rural Settlement At El-Khirba, Shoham, Shulamit Hadad, Ofer Sion

'Atiqot

The assemblage of stone artifacts from el-Khirba, Shoham, comprises both vessels and working tools dating from the Hellenistic to the Byzantine period. The finds include chalkstone and basalt vessels, whorls, a bead, and hand and donkey millstones.

The Glass Vessels From The Hellenistic–Byzantine-Period Rural Settlement At El-Khirba, Shoham, Shulamit Hadad

'Atiqot

Many fragments of glass vessels were found in the excavations at el-Khirba, Shoham. The most striking find is a core-formed amphoriskos fragment dated to the late seventh–sixth centuries BCE, which was found out of context. The glass assemblage includes a cast ribbed bowl and blown vessels dating from the Early Roman through the Byzantine periods, their majority dating to the third–fourth centuries CE.

A Knidian Stamped Amphora Handle From The Rural Settlement At El-Khirba, Shoham, Donald T. Ariel

'Atiqot

A Knidian stamped amphora handle was uncovered at el-Khirba, Shoham, in as stratum dating between the third and first centuries BCE. It is a rectangular aniconic stamp of a two-letter monogram. The small size of the stamp suggests that it belongs to a group of the Knidian Class termed ‘early Knidian.’

The Pottery From The Hellenistic–Byzantine-Period Rural Settlement At El-Khirba, Shoham, Yehudah Rapuano

'Atiqot

Most of the pottery recovered from the excavations at el-Khirba, Shoham, was of local manufacture. The examples range in date from the early Hellenistic to the Late Roman/early Byzantine periods, exhibiting pottery forms typical of the Judean region. Based on the ceramic finds, the settlement’s peak was between the second half of the first century BCE to 70 CE. The occupation of the site came to an end probably in the fifth century or even as late as the sixth century CE.

A Rural Settlement From The Hellenistic To The Byzantine Periods At El-Khirba, Shoham (Hebrew; English Summary), Ofer Sion

'Atiqot

Three areas (A–C) were excavated at el-Khirba, uncovering building remains of a farmhouse from the Hellenistic period (third–second centuries BCE); a Jewish village from the Hasmonean period (Stratum IIa; second–first century BCE), the Roman (Herodian) period (Stratum IIb; first century BCE–first century CE) and in the period between the two Jewish Revolts (Stratum IIc; late first–second centuries CE); and a village from the Late Roman–Byzantine periods (Strata Ia–c; fourth century CE). A complex winepress was also found, dating to the second half of the fourth century CE, as well as quarries, tombs and cisterns. Activity at the site decreased in …

The Flint Assemblage From Site 152 In Ramot Menashe, Maya Oron

'Atiqot

The flint assemblage from Site 152 included few diagnostic items, which were assigned to the Chalcolithic period, the Intermediate/Early Bronze Age, the Middle Bronze Age and the Iron Age. The raw material is light to dark brown flint of good quality, probably from nearby sources.

Site 152: A Small Settlement From The Bronze And Iron Ages In Ramot Menashe (With Contributions By Miriam Pines, Inbar Ktalav) (Hebrew; English Summary), Ron Beeri

'Atiqot

In a trial excavation conducted at Site 152 four occupation strata were discovered, dating to the Intermediate Bronze Age, Middle Bronze Age II, Late Bronze Age I and Iron Age I. A water channel, dating to the Hellenistic period or later, was also found. The finds included pottery, flint tools, animal bones and mollusks. This area appears to have been settled in almost all historical periods due to its proximity to water streams and alluvial soils.

Front Matter, The Editorial Board

'Atiqot

Table of contents