Women's Studies Commons^™

Weight Control Behavior And Women: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, Jacqueline A. Walcott-Mcquigg

Journal of International Women's Studies

The objective of this study was to seek directly from culturally diverse women information on their weight control behavior. Specific questions were: What types of weight control behavior are practiced by women? 2) What factors influence participation in weight control behavior? and, 3) what are the cultural influences on women’s motivation and ability to participate in weight control behavior? Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 135 middle-income women (African American, Caucasian, Mexican American, Puerto Rican) in their homes, offices, and at other places in their neighborhoods. Additional data collection included measuring body weight and height. The …

Influences Of Global Human Trafficking Issues On Nigeria: A Gender Perspective, Chineze J. Onyejekwe

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper focuses on the socio-economic conditions that force women and girls into the human trafficking industry. Poverty is shown to be one of the major root causes of this phenomenon. The relationship between poverty and other socio-economic issues such as crime, corruption, illiteracy and HIV/AIDS are discussed. The government’s efforts at tackling these problems are analyzed, and further preventive measures also discussed.

Book Review: Women And The Nazi East: Agents And Witnesses Of Germanization, Nameeta Mathur

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of Women and the Nazi East: Agents and Witnesses of Germanization by Elizabeth Harvey

Women, Migration, And The Body-Less Spirit Of Capitalist Patriarchy, Mechthild Hart

Journal of International Women's Studies

The continuously expanding global free trade in domestic and sex workers intensifies old capitalist-patriarchal forms of extracting women’s emotional, physical, and sexual labor. The patriarchal dream of seizing control of impure, unruly life has now entered its neoliberal stage, exemplified by money begetting money in the virtual sphere of financial speculation, and by biotechnology’s promise to create a world that is no longer in need of impure female mothering bodies. The very nature of the work associated with unruly life delivers, however, a major blow to the patriarchal vision of a totally controlled, purified, body-less world. Imported female ‘servants of …

Extent And Causes Of Gender And Poverty In India: A Case Study Of Rural Hayana, Santosh Nandal

Journal of International Women's Studies

In spite of the enshrining anti-poverty programs and objectives of the poverty eradication programs contained in India’s five year plans, women’s poverty in India, even after 58 years of independence, is glaring. This paper, based on a field survey, addresses the issues of economic constraints and the denial of women’s access to productive assets in the form of land ownership and human capital such as education, skill-training. The article contributes to the overall picture of female poverty at the national level. The author finds an exaggerated emphasis being placed on women laborers and inadequate economic opportunities among them as the …

Configurations: Encountering Ancient Athenian Spaces Of Rhetoric, Democracy, And Woman, Mari Lee Mifsud, Jane S. Sutton, Lindsey Fox

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay encounters configurations of “woman” in the space of rhetoric and democracy. By “configuration” we mean how a woman is postured and positioned in this space. We deal in ancient Athens recognizing that an ancient conceptual space called rhetoric, an art or techne of civic discourse, is embedded in the contemporary lived space of American civic discourse always constructing the rhetorical figure of woman and continuously under construction. We explore this conceptual space rhetorically, that is, not to articulate the feelings or meanings the space would have had for the ancient Athenians, but rather to articulate how this conceptual …

Gender: Kosova’S Other Challenge, Richard Beilock, Ymer Havolli

Journal of International Women's Studies

The extent of differences in roles between the genders in Kosova is examined. Kosovar men, on average, devote 57 percent of their non-rest time to earned income activities (i.e., agriculture, other self-employed, and hired), and only 4 percent to housekeeping. In very sharp contrast, Kosovar women, on average, devote 14 percent of their time to earned income activities and a staggering 65 percent to housekeeping. There are considerable differences across Kosova’s ethnic groups, with much less rigid gender roles among ethnic Serbians than is true for ethnic Albanians. It is argued that rigidly defined gender roles result in significant inefficiencies …

Empowerment Beyond Numbers: Substantiating Women’S Political Participation, Bilkis Vissandjee, Alisha Apale, Saskia Wieringa, Shelly Abdool, Sophie Dupéré

Journal of International Women's Studies

From our households and into our communities, from independent States to international governing bodies, gender operates as a construct of evolving aspects of women’s identities and is a medium through which expectations are prescribed, social norms are formed and power relations are negotiated. Gender constructs that impede women’s access to the public spheres of society diminish the possibility for equitable and empowering life conditions. Of particular emphasis in this paper, facilitating women’s entry into political bodies across the world is also compromised by persistent obstacles in women’s opportunities in both political and private spheres of life.

Our research engages female …

Prostitution In Bangladesh: An Empirical Profile Of Sex Workers, Akm Ahsan Ullah

Journal of International Women's Studies

The paper explores the profile of the Sex Workers (SW) in Bangladesh; and the ordeals faced by them. 221 randomly selected respondents from three categories of sex workers (Hotel, brothel and floating) were interviewed using both close and open-ended questionnaire. Data show that child prostitution is quite prevalent. A higher percentage of sex workers were married compared with the singles. HSWs (Homosexual Sex Workers), on an average, entertain seven clients and BSWs (Bisexual Sex Workers) 15 clients per day. The highest percentage of child prostitutes was prevalent among the FSWs (Female Sex Workers). Hotel sex working is an emerging direction …

Book Review: The Science Glass Ceiling: Academic Women Scientists And The Struggle To Succeed, G. Asha

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of The Science Glass Ceiling: Academic Women Scientists and the Struggle to Succeed by Sue V. Rosser

Macro Promises Of Microcredit: A Case Of A Local Esusu In Rural Ghana, Carolette Norwood

Journal of International Women's Studies

Microcredit’s three big promises are one, to reduce poverty; two, to empower women; and three, to enhance family planning knowledge, attitudes and practices. Using a mixed-method approach, this study examines 204 women members and non-members of local eSusus in rural Ghana. Quantitative chi square analysis indicates no associations between membership in an eSusu and relative wealth; women’s autonomy family planning practices, knowledge or use and reproductive control. Meanwhile, the qualitative data shows that women members believe that eSusu are extremely useful for acquiring working capital to be reinvested in their small market ventures, and are helpful with school fee and …

Mainstreaming Gender In Hiv/Aids Programs: Ongoing Challenges And New Opportunities In Malawi, Rebecca Tiessen

Journal of International Women's Studies

Numerous efforts are in place in Malawi to address the high rates of HIV/AIDS in the country. Furthermore, several successes in HIV/AIDS prevention and mitigation (including free anti-retroviral drugs to people living with AIDS) have been documented. Fewer successes, however, have been achieved in integrating gender issues into HIV/AIDS programs. In this article I begin by defining gender mainstreaming and why it is central to HIV/AIDS programming. The second objective of this paper is to summarize the existing initiatives to mainstream gender in HIV/AIDS programs. The final objective is to uncover the ongoing needs, gaps and challenges for gender mainstreaming …

An International Perspective Of Privatization And Women Workers, Ross Prizzia

Journal of International Women's Studies

Authors provide a comparative international perspective of the relationship of privatization and women in the context of the work force. The methodology is a synthesis and critical evaluation of the impact of privatization on women from an international perspective utilizing a comparative analysis of international case studies and survey data from prominent scholars and international agencies and research firms to explain the adverse effects on women of privatization of the work force. Comparative data on women in the work force collected from 1999-2004 in the privatizing economies of Russia, Poland, Ukraine and Bulgaria, the United States, Canada, China, Hong Kong, …

Book Review: Gabriela Mistral: The Audacious Traveler, Dolores Lehr

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of Gabriela Mistral: The Audacious Traveler, edited by Marjorie Agosín

‘Starving Children In Africa’: Who Cares?, Lisa Cassidy

Journal of International Women's Studies

The current state of global poverty presents citizens in the Global North with a moral crisis: Do we care? In this essay, I examine two competing moral accounts of why those in the North should or should not give care (in the form of charity) to impoverished peoples in the Global South. Nineteen years ago feminist philosopher Nel Noddings wrote in Caring that “we are not obliged to care for starving children in Africa” (1986, p. 86). Noddings’s work belongs to the arena of care ethics – the feminist philosophical view that morality is about responding to, caring for, and …

Book Review: Gender In The Hindu Nation: Rss Women As Ideologues, Anu Sabhlok

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of Gender in the Hindu Nation: RSS women as Ideologues by Paola Bacchetta

Women’S Role In The German Democratic Republic And The State’S Policy Toward Women, Susanne Kranz

Journal of International Women's Studies

According to the theories of Marx, Engels, Bebel, and the political leaders of the GDR, the emancipation of women would be accomplished when the emancipation of the working class was realized. They further clarify the general view toward women in a socialist society; these ideas characterized the GDR and the general perception of women. The women’s question was incorporated into the social question and the class struggle, and not distinguished as an individual aspect of gender relations. The question is how much equality women in the GDR had achieved and how emancipated the society, truly, was. My main focus is …

Book Review: Children Of The Eagle, Osita C. Ezenwanebe

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of Children of the Eagle by Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo

Book Review: Critical Chatter: Women And Human Rights In South East Asia, Alison Aggarwal

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of Critical Chatter: Women and Human Rights in South East Asia by Caroline Lambert, Sharon Pickering and Christine Alder

Three Poems, Mary Kennan Herbert

Journal of International Women's Studies

Poems by Mary Kennan Herbert:

• Trying To Make Sense of Motherhood
• Weekend In The Woods
• Hot Dog

Domesticity Transformed, Lori A. Brown

Journal of International Women's Studies

This project begins with an interest in the female space as active within the domestic sphere. It involves issues of place-making and hopes to understand both the processes leading to and consequences following the alteration and eventual elimination of such places within the home. Through the passage of time I began to decipher difference – differences of my childhood home. The temporality of these spaces fascinate me, how they have changed from a place created by my mother to one by my father, the spatial consequences of these changes, and ultimately how these alterations have affected my brother and my …

Introduction: Winning And Short Listed Essays From The Second Annual Essay Competition Of The Feminist And Women’S Studies Association, Kristin Aune, Karen Throsby

Journal of International Women's Studies

No abstract provided.

Tussles Over Gendered Spaces And Assertions Of Female Presence In Anne Le Marquand Hartigan’S Play The Secret Game, Catherine Barron

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper is an extract from the PhD thesis entitled “Self-Imaging/Self-Imagining in the Woman’s Writing (and Painting) of Anne Le Marquand Hartigan”, submitted to University College, Dublin in 2004. The essay discusses Hartigan’s unpublished play, The Secret Game (written in Ireland, circa 1995). In particular, it examines the power-struggling taking place between the sexes in the play over different life spaces, including public / political space, the space of language and the space of the female body. The essay examines how, in order to challenge the spatial disinheritance of women, Hartigan makes use of different strategies to stage statements of …

Refracting Mothertongues: Considering Mobility Through Language, Michaela Fay

Journal of International Women's Studies

In this article I explore the interplay between language and mobility. As the number of debates about mobility and belonging has grown both in the social sciences and in feminist theory, there has been an increasing discussion about the interaction between language and place and I argue here that increased mobility leads to changes in one’s understanding and experience of the languages one dwells in. My argument is that the ways in which language is reflected upon shapes the ways in which subjects experience and define their mobility and further, that when individuals reflect about language, they also reflect, in …

‘By Heaven And Hell’: Re-Evaluating Representations Of Women And The Angel/Whore Dichotomy In Renaissance Revenge Tragedy, Roxanne Grimmett

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay explores the treatment of female characters in Renaissance revenge tragedy: specifically in Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy and Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Revenge tragedy is a dramatic sub-genre that conventionally develops an unsettling level of audience sympathy for male characters who are, essentially, murderers. The paper shows how famous male revengers such as Kyd’s Hieronimo and Shakespeare’s Hamlet are characterised in a way that subtly resists their firm categorisation either as righteous or truly immoral figures. By contrast, it suggests, early modern culture displays a pronounced tendency to judge women only in relation to the divisive ideological dichotomy of the angel …

What Sort Of Mental Health Problems Are Experienced By Women In Contemporary British Society? What Do Different Feminist Perspectives Offer As Alleviation?, Penny Halliday

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay argues that by labelling British women’s mental health distress and treatment in terms of a purely medical model, underlying contributory social structures and phenomena such as gendered roles, ethnicity and poverty, have largely been ignored by the (male dominated) psychiatric profession. This labelling is historically rooted in the pathologisation of the feminine condition; therefore, women’s mental ill health is substantially a social construct and a product of a patriarchal society. To fully explore a way through mental health distress - a term used by MIND to emphasise the inorganic origins of many mental health problems - labels need …

Missy ‘Misdemeanor’ Elliott: Rapping On The Frontiers Of Female Identity, Eliza Sellen

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper provides an analysis of Missy Elliott as a contemporary icon, using the innovation and creativity of two of her music videos (One Minute Man and She’s A Bitch), as media texts that both illuminate and disrupt feminist frameworks of identity. This paper begins with a discussion of the ways in which Elliott subverts and revises cultural signifiers; particular attention is paid to female embodiment and sexuality, blackness and power. The paper moves to discuss the visual landscape created through this cultural play, and explores this terrain through the theoretical frameworks of science fiction and technology.

This …

The Silencing Of Women: The Irish Abortion Laws And Religion, Rachael Wright

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay attempts to look at the unfortunate circumstances that surround women in Ireland in regards to abortion. Rather than looking at the pro- and anti-life arguments which are commonly discussed when approaching abortion issues, I have chosen to concentrate on the legal and ethical matters in Ireland that seem to have control over Irish women’s bodies and consequently their personhood. Through the investigation of the changing Irish laws brought about by the Grogan and X cases, it is possible to understand how religious and patriarchal sentiment has continued to suppress women’s personal choice in regards to abortion. By looking …

Memories In Vacuum And Western Beach: Questioning The Nature Of Space In The Israeli Context, Anat Litwin

Journal of International Women's Studies

No abstract provided.

Absent Homosexuality: The Mediated Discourses Of Masculinity On The Design And Construction Of The Sydney Opera House, Greg Young

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper examines the controversy surrounding the construction of the Sydney Opera House at mid-century, and the role of “absent” homosexuality in shaping the new ideals of the country as a modern nation. Australian popular culture--in this instance, the Opera House--is an example of “feminine” culture being incorporated into what had hitherto been a masculinist Australian civic identity. The public discourse surrounding the opera house reveals clear anxieties regarding gender and sexuality in Australia in the 1950s, and the inherently unstable narratives of gender and sexuality under Australian patriarchy from the 19th century onwards. Henning Bech’s notion of “absent homosexuality” …