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Bridgewater State University

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Articles 1681 - 1710 of 2327

Full-Text Articles in Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies

Barriers Hindering Jordanian Women’S Advancement To Higher Political And Leadership Positions, Rowaida Al Maaitah, Arwa Oweis, Hmoud Olimat, Ikhlas Altarawneh, Hadeel Al Maaitah Oct 2012

Barriers Hindering Jordanian Women’S Advancement To Higher Political And Leadership Positions, Rowaida Al Maaitah, Arwa Oweis, Hmoud Olimat, Ikhlas Altarawneh, Hadeel Al Maaitah

Journal of International Women's Studies

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify barriers hindering Jordanian women’s advancement to higher political and leadership positions and to identify main actions/strategies to facilitate Jordanian women’s advancement to higher political and leadership positions. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was used where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected utilizing a self-administered questionnaire. A convenience sample of 500 Jordanian women was selected from women working in political and leadership positions in various settings including government, Non Government Organizations (NGOs), business, educational and academic institutions. The Study involved a self administered questionnaire with closed and open ended questions …

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A New Feminism? Gender Dynamics In Morocco’S February 20th Movement, Zakia Salime Oct 2012

A New Feminism? Gender Dynamics In Morocco’S February 20th Movement, Zakia Salime

Journal of International Women's Studies

The February 20th movement shows new modes of engagement with feminism, despite a striking absence of feminist organizations from the protest movement. Nevertheless, and in sharp contrast with most accounts that posit the irrelevance of feminism for Moroccan youth’s identifications and political subjectivities, I argue that feminism has not only penetrated the social imaginary of a new generation of activists, but has also informed their practices. What kind of tension does this appropriation of feminism by the youth of February 20th bring about with traditional feminist circles? Does this high visibility of women in February 20th indicate the rise of …

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The Muslim Sisters And The January 25th Revolution, Mona Farag Oct 2012

The Muslim Sisters And The January 25th Revolution, Mona Farag

Journal of International Women's Studies

As the world watched in anticipation and trepidation the powerful force that was the January 25 revolution, one vital question stuck in everyone’s mind: how large was the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood in the events that took place during those 18 days prior to the stepping down of Mubarak? More importantly, with the newfound sense of freedom and democracy that has overtaken Egypt’s streets, how will the future of the Muslim Sisters be impacted? This paper will focus on the activities spearheaded by the Muslim Sisters during the revolution and the months leading up to the People’s and Legislative …

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Arab Spring: Women’S Empowerment In Algeria, Sangeeta Sinha Oct 2012

Arab Spring: Women’S Empowerment In Algeria, Sangeeta Sinha

Journal of International Women's Studies

The Arab Spring brought turmoil, upheaval and regime change in its wake. But these winds of change barely touched Algeria, and when it did we did not hear or see any women. In order to answer the two questions, the paper explores the status of women in present-day Algeria within a historical social and political context. Understanding the status of women is done by delving into some of the historical processes that Algerian women have had to confront. In order to understand the empowerment process, the study uses the empowerment framework as outlined by the Beijing Platform of action and …

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The Role Of Women In The Arab World: Toward A New Wave Of Democratization, Or An Ebbing Wave Toward Authoritarianism?, Nadine Sika Oct 2012

The Role Of Women In The Arab World: Toward A New Wave Of Democratization, Or An Ebbing Wave Toward Authoritarianism?, Nadine Sika

Journal of International Women's Studies

The Special Issue is devoted to examining the role of Arab women in the ongoing uprisings and revolutions sweeping the Arab world over the past two years. It covers case studies of women in Tunisia, Yemen, Jordan, Bahrain, Egypt, Syria, the Sudan, and other countries in the region. Two major questions are going to be addressed: how influential were Arab women in the “Arab Spring” of uprisings, and to what degree are Arab women’s rights to equality and freedom going to be attained and respected after the creation of new regimes, such as in Tunisia, Egypt, Yemen, and Syria, which …

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Why Women Are Losing Rights In Post-Revolutionary Egypt, Aliaa Dawoud Oct 2012

Why Women Are Losing Rights In Post-Revolutionary Egypt, Aliaa Dawoud

Journal of International Women's Studies

A backlash against women’s rights emerged in post-revolutionary Egypt. This paper argues that one of the reasons is the fact that former President Mubarak, his wife and son were the key decision makers when it came to women’s rights. These decisions were reflected in the media so that women’s rights came to be associated with government policy personalized around the first lady. The paper demonstrates that the backlash did not emerge suddenly after Mubarak was ousted from power, but that dissent against Mubaraks’ decisions pertaining to women was prevalent in the media long before the 25th of January revolution. The …

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Arab Women, Social Media, And The Arab Spring: Applying The Framework Of Digital Reflexivity To Analyze Gender And Online Activism, Victoria A. Newsom, Lara Lengel Oct 2012

Arab Women, Social Media, And The Arab Spring: Applying The Framework Of Digital Reflexivity To Analyze Gender And Online Activism, Victoria A. Newsom, Lara Lengel

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay analyzes the engagement of Arab feminist activisms online, most notably during the citizen revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt, and, specifically, women’s use of online social networking to aid social change. Building on research examining how Arab activists and activist organizations, including feminist organizations, mobilize, produce knowledge, and develop and share resources online and, in particular, drawing from research on Arab activisms and social media this study aims to understand how online activist discourses function, both locally and globally. To do so, we utilize a schema of information production and consumption devised to analyze activist engagement and citizen journalism, …

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Arab Spring And Women In Kuwait, Muhamad S. Olimat Oct 2012

Arab Spring And Women In Kuwait, Muhamad S. Olimat

Journal of International Women's Studies

The Arab Spring, a revolutionary wave of protests and rebellions, and a process of regime change and democratization is sweeping the Arab world, but marginally touching women’s issues in Kuwait. While Arab women in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Morocco, Yemen, Jordan, and Syria are active participants and co-beneficiaries of the process of change, Kuwaiti women have lost their electoral gains made in 2009 in the latest elections held in February of 2012. The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of Arab Spring on women in Kuwait, and their continued struggle for political participation in the country. It will …

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Challenging Bosnian Women’S Identity As Rape Victims, As Unending Victims: The ‘Other’ Sex In Times Of War, Olivera Simić Sep 2012

Challenging Bosnian Women’S Identity As Rape Victims, As Unending Victims: The ‘Other’ Sex In Times Of War, Olivera Simić

Journal of International Women's Studies

In this paper I reflect on my attendance of the Women’s Worlds 2011 congress held in Ottawa, Canada. I analyze responses of the international feminist audience to the paper I presented during the congress. The paper offered an analysis of the empirical data collected during my fieldwork in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in 2008 and was concerned with Bosnian women and their sexual relationships with peacekeepers during the war and in post conflict BiH. I argue that because of an almost exclusive focus on mass rapes endured by Bosnian women during the war and a vast feminist literature focused on …

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Gender And Political Transformation In Societies At War, Jill A. Irvine, Maureen Hays-Mitchell Sep 2012

Gender And Political Transformation In Societies At War, Jill A. Irvine, Maureen Hays-Mitchell

Journal of International Women's Studies

In recent years, the role of gender in societies undergoing significant political change has received increasing attention both theoretically, in the literature on democratization, and practically in the international financial support provided women’s groups for the promotion of democracy. As a result, scholars and policy-makers are well positioned to consider systematically (i) the relationship between gender and democratic transformation in general, and (ii) the conditions under which women’s groups and other activists can effectively promote gender equality in the emerging governmental structures. This themed issue investigates a set of questions and cases in need of thorough and methodical analysis: the …

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Unexpected Consequences Of Everyday Life During The Maoist Insurgency In Nepal, Judith Pettigrew Sep 2012

Unexpected Consequences Of Everyday Life During The Maoist Insurgency In Nepal, Judith Pettigrew

Journal of International Women's Studies

This article examines gendered aspects of women’s lives in a hill village in central Nepal during the decade-long civil war (1996-2006). The predominantly middle aged and elderly women discussed in the paper were not directly influenced by Maoist equality agendas, nor have they been – as yet – significantly empowered by the recent post-conflict gender reservations. Rather, the paper argues that it was via the unintended consequences of the conflict – their unexpected leadership of a village development project – that these women forged an alternative path towards gender transformation.

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Gender And Conflict Transformation In Israel/Palestine, Simona Sharoni Sep 2012

Gender And Conflict Transformation In Israel/Palestine, Simona Sharoni

Journal of International Women's Studies

A careful examination of women’s involvement in peacebuilding and conflict transformation in Israel and Palestine provides a unique perspective on key turning points in the history of the conflict in the past two and one-half decades, since the first Palestinian uprising, knows as the Intifada. The article analyzes the changes in modes of organizing, as well as in the broader vision and key strategies of women’s organizing, mostly at the grassroots level, on both sides of the Palestinian-Israeli divide. By exposing the gendered dimensions of the conflict, women activists have began to transform the cultures of their respective collectivities, …

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The Struggle Over Boundary And Memory: Nation, Borders, And Gender In Jewish Israel, Tamar Mayer Sep 2012

The Struggle Over Boundary And Memory: Nation, Borders, And Gender In Jewish Israel, Tamar Mayer

Journal of International Women's Studies

The attachment of a nation to its ancestral homeland is indisputable. Yet, when the nation does not have a clear idea of the geographical parameters of its territory, the boundaries often get defined by others and through war. In the case of Israel, however, especially since 1967, the Jewish homeland has been defined and shaped not simply by war but by government policies that support the Settlement Project in the occupied territories of the West Bank. While Jewish men and women historically have had different roles in defining Israel’s boundaries – men as defenders of borders and women as enablers …

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The Way Forward For Girls’ Education In Afghanistan, Carolyn Kissane Sep 2012

The Way Forward For Girls’ Education In Afghanistan, Carolyn Kissane

Journal of International Women's Studies

Lack of rights and access to education are problems that have challenged Afghan women throughout the history of their country. True political reform in Afghanistan is contingent upon the solving of these problems, as women’s education is essential not only for the development of a more stable government, but also for raising living standards. Women’s lack of access to education in Afghanistan is reinforced by beliefs rooted in the religious and familial tradition of community. Although Islamic ideologies have often been distorted and manipulated by leaders to control and subjugate the lives of women, Islam cannot be ignored in the …

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“Subjects Of Change”: Feminist Geopolitics And Gendered Truth-Telling In Guatemala, Rebecca Patterson-Markowitz, Elizabeth Oglesby, Sallie Marston Sep 2012

“Subjects Of Change”: Feminist Geopolitics And Gendered Truth-Telling In Guatemala, Rebecca Patterson-Markowitz, Elizabeth Oglesby, Sallie Marston

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper explores the often-undervalued role of gender in transitional justice mechanisms and the importance of women’s struggles and agency in that regard. We focus on the efforts of the women’s movement in Guatemala to address questions of justice and healing for survivors of gendered violence during Guatemala’s 36-year internal armed conflict. We discuss how the initial transitional justice measures of documenting gendered war crimes in the context of a genocide were subsequently taken up by the women’s movement and how their endeavors to further expose sexual violence have resulted in notable interventions. Interviews with key organizational activists as well …

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Our Mothers Have Spoken: Synthesizing Old And New Forms Of Women’S Political Authority In Liberia, Mary Moran Sep 2012

Our Mothers Have Spoken: Synthesizing Old And New Forms Of Women’S Political Authority In Liberia, Mary Moran

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper argues that the 2005 election of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf to the Liberian presidency is best understood in the historical and cultural context of pre-war authority-bearing positions available to women, rather than as an outcome of the Liberian civil war itself. Against a literature that tends to view “traditional” African societies as hostile to both democracy and women’s rights, I contend that gender, conflict, and democracy are inter-twined in more complex relationships. Post-conflict societies such as Liberia are interesting not only as sites of intervention by international organizations seeking to capitalize on the “window of opportunity” available to re-make …

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‘For My Torturer’: An African Woman’S Transformative Art Of Truth, Justice And Peace-Making During Colonialism, Priya Narismulu Sep 2012

‘For My Torturer’: An African Woman’S Transformative Art Of Truth, Justice And Peace-Making During Colonialism, Priya Narismulu

Journal of International Women's Studies

Against a range of injustices African women have made powerful challenges to structural, gender and repressive violence through their interventions in questions of justice, dialogue, creativity and transformation. This article addresses an activist’s interventions against colonial oppression by examining gender as the central variable in the relationship between justice and activism in African women’s creative literature. The poem “For my Torturer, Lieutenant D…” was written in prison by the Algerian activist Leila Djabali who navigated the silences and challenges of gender, age and national identity (postcolonial). It challenges the violence of colonial and patriarchal silencing to expose torture and rape …

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Book Review: Population Policy And Reproduction In Singapore: Making Future Citizens, Monde Makiwane Jul 2012

Book Review: Population Policy And Reproduction In Singapore: Making Future Citizens, Monde Makiwane

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of Population Policy and Reproduction in Singapore: Making Future citizens by Pop Shirley Hsiao-Li Sun.

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Imagined Subjects: Polygamy, Gender And Nation In Nia Dinata’S Love For Share, Grace V. S. Chin Jul 2012

Imagined Subjects: Polygamy, Gender And Nation In Nia Dinata’S Love For Share, Grace V. S. Chin

Journal of International Women's Studies

In this paper, I explore polygamy in Nia Dinata’s Indonesian film, Love for Share, and how it can be used as a key signifier to analyze the construction of gendered subjects, identities and relations in the phallocentric discourses of family and nation. In Indonesia, the family structure is inherently patriarchal and hierarchical in nature, one which exhorts wives to stay at home while husbands are seen as breadwinners and whose roles are non-domestic. However, women are doubly marginalized in Indonesia as their subordinate status in the domestic space is reified at the national level through the state ideology of the …

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Book Review: Luci Xi: Prostitution And Venereal Disease In Colonial Hanoi, Sanya Osha Jul 2012

Book Review: Luci Xi: Prostitution And Venereal Disease In Colonial Hanoi, Sanya Osha

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of Luci Xi: Prostitution and Venereal Disease in Colonial Hanoi by Vu Trong Phung.

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Changing Aid Policies Through A Gender Lens: An International Perspective And The Case Of The Dutch Development Cooperation, Nathalie Holvoet, Liesbeth Inberg Jul 2012

Changing Aid Policies Through A Gender Lens: An International Perspective And The Case Of The Dutch Development Cooperation, Nathalie Holvoet, Liesbeth Inberg

Journal of International Women's Studies

Since the turn of the century changes in aid policies and modalities have been proposed with the aim to promote aid effectiveness. This article is a study on the ongoing reform processes within partner and donor countries as seen through a gender lens. It explores more closely how changing aid policies unfold opportunities and challenges for gender mainstreaming policies and gender equality objective. The article analyses in particular how donors are handling gender concerns in the realm of the ongoing changes and zooms into the case of Dutch Development Cooperation, one of change champions. Such a gendered analysis of aid …

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Unveiling The Veil Ban Dilemma: Turkey And Beyond, Adriana Piatti-Crocker, Laman Tasch Jul 2012

Unveiling The Veil Ban Dilemma: Turkey And Beyond, Adriana Piatti-Crocker, Laman Tasch

Journal of International Women's Studies

This article examines Turkey’s veil ban policy, which has been in place since the 1980s. The dilemma is whether Muslim-veil bans impinge on the rights of expression and religion at both national and international levels or, whether states may legally justify a ban on the basis of secularism and women’s rights. Even though the idea of freedom “from religion” in Turkey has been closely linked to the European notion of secularism during most of Turkey’s republican history, more recently, secularism and veil bans in Turkey and in the West have been construed quite distinctly. This shows an increasing gap between …

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A South African Perspective On The Clash Between Culture And Human Rights, With Particular Reference To Gender-Related Cultural Practices And Traditions, John Cantius Mubangizi Jul 2012

A South African Perspective On The Clash Between Culture And Human Rights, With Particular Reference To Gender-Related Cultural Practices And Traditions, John Cantius Mubangizi

Journal of International Women's Studies

South Africa is infamous for its history of disenfranchising most of its population under the dehumanizing policy of apartheid. A country of almost 50 million people, South Africa has a diverse array of languages, races, religions and ethnic communities, and has faced significant challenges - political, cultural and socio-economic – since the advent of democracy in 1994. The writers of the 1996 Constitution faced the unenviable task of accommodating the diverse viewpoints that inevitably derived from South Africa’s fractured history and society. The Constitution is one of the most progressive in the world, and notably includes a Bill of Rights, …

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Dilma Rousseff And The Challenge Of Fighting Patriarchy Through Political Representation In Brazil, Sabrina Fernandes Jul 2012

Dilma Rousseff And The Challenge Of Fighting Patriarchy Through Political Representation In Brazil, Sabrina Fernandes

Journal of International Women's Studies

Dilma Rousseff is the first woman elected head of state of Brazil. Although her election carries symbolism for Brazilian women, claims of women's emancipation through representation must be questioned through an analysis of the Brazilian patriarchal state. This paper examines the claim that Rousseff’s election opens doors for all Brazilian women. The research involves analysis of electoral statistics, media frames, and government documents, which show that, in spite of a woman president, women's representation in Brazilian government is still low in numbers and in the state agenda. The literature suggests that masculine gender hegemony and the presence of a patriarchal …

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Reintegrating Self: Theorizing Women’S Self-Transformations In Cross-Cultural Contexts, Dongxiao Qin Jul 2012

Reintegrating Self: Theorizing Women’S Self-Transformations In Cross-Cultural Contexts, Dongxiao Qin

Journal of International Women's Studies

A grounded theory is developed to explore the processes of Chinese immigrant women’s self-transformations in cross-cultural contexts. A series of psychological processes, “integrating self,” “fragmenting self,” and “reintegrating self” are identified from interviews with ten Chines women who immigrated to the United States in the last two decades of the twentieth century. Women’s senses of self-transformations are interpreted from phenomenological, cultural, anthropological, and critical feminist perspectives. The implications of this research are theoretical and practical. It contributes to critical feminist theories of women’s self-transformation within the context of cultural mobility from their culture of origin to the host culture. It …

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Book Review: Displaced At Home: Ethnicity And Gender Among Palestinians In Israel, Elmé Vivier Jul 2012

Book Review: Displaced At Home: Ethnicity And Gender Among Palestinians In Israel, Elmé Vivier

Journal of International Women's Studies

Review of “Displaced at Home: Ethnicity and Gender among Palestinians in Israel” edited by Rhoda Ann Kanaaneh & Isis Nusair.

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Doing Science Within A Culture Of Machismo And Marianismo, Karen Englander, Carmen Yáñez, Xochitl Barney Jul 2012

Doing Science Within A Culture Of Machismo And Marianismo, Karen Englander, Carmen Yáñez, Xochitl Barney

Journal of International Women's Studies

Women have been joining the ranks of professional scientists in increasing numbers although international statistics indicate that women‘s participation varies substantially in different regions. Variation in rates of participation can be explained in part by cultural contexts, and in Mexico, dominant cultural ideologies of machismo and marianismo prevail. To understand the impact, if any, of these ideologies on the lives of women scientists in their professional interactions, a case study was conducted at one research institute. The results indicate that the women scientists report different interactions with men and with other women, and interactions vary with the status of the …

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Occupational Health And Safety In Small Scale Mining: Focus On Women Workers In The Philippines, Jinky Leilanie Lu Jul 2012

Occupational Health And Safety In Small Scale Mining: Focus On Women Workers In The Philippines, Jinky Leilanie Lu

Journal of International Women's Studies

This study highlights women’s participation in small scale mining, and their occupational safety and health conditions. Small scale mining is a significant source of income in many developing countries such as the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Bolivia, Colombia, Indonesia, Mali, and Zimbabwe. In the Philippines, small-scale mining has been the leading occupational group among all mineral industries. However, data show that women face many issues in mining such as double burden of work-home responsibilities, chemical exposure to either cyanide or mercury used in extracting gold, dust from manganese and other minerals, and respiratory and systemic diseases from toxic chemical exposures. …

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“We All Like To Think We’Ve Saved Somebody:” Sex Trafficking In Literature, Donna M. Bickford Jul 2012

“We All Like To Think We’Ve Saved Somebody:” Sex Trafficking In Literature, Donna M. Bickford

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay considers the potential impact of sex trafficking narratives and their relationship to public perception and social change efforts. It fuses literary criticism and cultural analysis to discuss multiple genres of texts, including mainstream news media reports and two categories of novels about sex trafficking. Finally, it argues for the power of narrative to catalyze and influence actions designed to eradicate sex trafficking.

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Why George Eliot Was Not A Political Activist, June Skye Szirotny Jul 2012

Why George Eliot Was Not A Political Activist, June Skye Szirotny

Journal of International Women's Studies

It is often thought that George Eliot’s refusal to campaign actively for feminist goals indicates that she was no feminist. But there were several reasons that make the charge mute. She disliked dealing with practical matters, especially legislative ones. Proselytizing was particularly repugnant to her because she knew that her scandalous liaison with Lewes could only make her discussion of controversial matters a liability. Furthermore, she thought that the factors facilitating success were so complicated that one could say little that would be helpful to the aspiring woman. Actually, she thought of herself as an activist, “teaching the world through …

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