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Articles 121 - 150 of 1362
Full-Text Articles in East Asian Languages and Societies
Aloofness Of Tai-Ge School Literati In The Qianlong Era (1736-1795): A Case Study Of Shen Deqian, Haosu Zhang
Aloofness Of Tai-Ge School Literati In The Qianlong Era (1736-1795): A Case Study Of Shen Deqian, Haosu Zhang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
In the eighth year of the Qianlong era (1743), Hang Shijun (1696-1772), a famous poet of the Zhejiang School, was demoted because of his disagreement with Emperor Qianlong about the "Inner Manchu and Outer Han" policy, in which the Manchu were given preferential treatment, while the Han were excluded. Shen Deqian (1673-1769), the leader of the poetry circle who was favored by Emperor Qianlong, wrote poems and presented them to Hang Shijun. By comparing Shen Deqian's two poems with those by the Jiangsu and Zhejiang scholars in the same period, this study identifies the internal consistency in their sympathy towards …
Articulation Theory And The Evolution Of Cultural Studies, Dongli Yang
Articulation Theory And The Evolution Of Cultural Studies, Dongli Yang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Articulation theory has special value for cultural studies. This article discusses the evolution of the concept "articulation" from its origin through Ernesto Laclau to Stuart Hall, and goes on to portray articulation theory’s developing landscape in cultural studies – from "articulation", "double articulation" to "triple articulation". The developments of articulation theory have updated foundational concepts in cultural studies, helping it break the conflicts between "culturalism" and "structuralism". However, articulation theory has also complicated the scene of cultural studies, as it overemphasizes the agency of audiences in decoding activities and overly relies on language's expressive logic in the interpretation of cultural …
Fictional Characters From The Perspective Of Possible Worlds Theory, Bei Qiu
Fictional Characters From The Perspective Of Possible Worlds Theory, Bei Qiu
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
According to the possible worlds theory, there are three types of alethic logics, i.e. necessity, possibility and impossibility. Literary works can then be seen as a specific possible world: fictional narrative world, while characters are its inhabitants. Taking into consideration the accessible relation of the fictional characters with the human beings in the real worlds, we divide the fictional characters into plausible characters, physically impossible characters and logically impossible characters. These three types of characters cover all the character types in fictional works. Possible worlds theory provides a new research scale and theoretical framework for categorizing character types as well …
From "Truth" To "Place": On The Turn Of Martin Heidegger's Artistic Thought, Yaxin Feng
From "Truth" To "Place": On The Turn Of Martin Heidegger's Artistic Thought, Yaxin Feng
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Chinese scholars have reached a basic consensus on the periodization of Martin Heidegger that his thought can be divided into early and late stages by the ideological turn in the 1930s. Noticeably, however, at the Le Thor seminar more than three decades later Heidegger used three keywords — meaning, truth, and place — to mark the three stages in the development of his thought. In accordance with Heidegger's own rule, his thought had two turns and were thus divided into the early, middle, and late periods, the subjects of which are respectively "the meaning of being", "the truth of being", …
He Shaoji's Inheritance And Revision Of The Poetic Concept Of Natural Spirituality, Shuangxia Xiang
He Shaoji's Inheritance And Revision Of The Poetic Concept Of Natural Spirituality, Shuangxia Xiang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
He Shaoji has historically been considered a theoretician of the Song poetry school during the Daoguang and Xianfeng reigns, his poetics often taken as a representative of scholar poetry and as an altered form of Wen Fanggang's concept of textuality. However, when his poetics is studied on itself disregard of his personal link with the poetry school, it could be argued that He Shaoji was practically a follower of Yuan Mei. He's poetics is grounded in Ye Xie and Yuan Mei's concept of natural spirituality (xingling), and the shared features with Ye and Yuan's poetics show in his elucidation on …
From Bruce Lee To Eddie Peng: Transformation Of Chinese Male Star's Body And Its Cultural Significance, 吴红涛
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Bruce Lee and Eddie Peng, two high-profile Chinese male stars of different generations, are both recognized and loved by the public for their masculine bodies characterized by perfect muscles. Their bodies, as well as the public's imaginations and evaluations of their bodies reflect profound changes in contemporary cultural trends. In terms of body politics, this change shows a transformation from national discourse to international symbols; in terms of body types, it embodies a shift from martial hero to fitness expert; in terms of body landscape, it demonstrates a change from masculinity to masculine temperament. Due to the diversified visions of …
Inner Feelings And Perseverance Of The Editor-In-Chief Of Modern Times: Notes On Shi Zhecun's "Elegy For Master Lu Xun" And Seven Other Poems, Shengwei Zhou
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Shi Zhecun's "Elegy for Master Lu Xun" and its preface, written around the end of 1956, clearly express his understanding and evaluation of Lu Xun, and his attitude toward Lu Xun has always been respectful. At the same time, they also display his reflection and introspection on his controversy with Lu Xun, not only reviewing his own short-sightedness of being a "well frog presuming to measure the sea", but also insisting on his consistent position of "I aspire to promote essay". As for Lu Xun's "frowning at the evil young men" and its adverse effects, Shi's heart still hurt despite …
Joyce Le Sinthome: Literature And Writing Under The Perspective Of Lacanian Psychoanalysis, Juanjuan Ye
Joyce Le Sinthome: Literature And Writing Under The Perspective Of Lacanian Psychoanalysis, Juanjuan Ye
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
From the onset of psychoanalysis, literature has been its common topic. The change in theoretical positions and ethical concerns from Sigmund Freud to Jacques Lacan led to the upgrading of literature from the symptom to the sinthome of the subject. Lacan theorized his literary criticism by analysing the "Joyce lesinthome", and hence the proposition of literature as the sinthome of the subject. On the one hand, literature enacts a break-away from the imaginary and the symbolic by way of writing, and represents the subject's jouissance of the unconscious by way of a resetting of letters through meaning reduction. On the …
Kitsch, Mecacci Andrea
Kitsch, Mecacci Andrea
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Used improperly as a synonym for "bad taste", the term kitsch refers to one of the most important aesthetic categories of the last century. This paper, after trying to provide a historical framework of kitsch, focuses on two themes: the kitsch object and the link between postmodernism and kitsch, which will be referred to as neo-kitsch. In the first field of investigation, through the morphology of the kitsch object, the opposition of the kitsch aesthetic to that of functionalism will be outlined. Neo-kitsch, on the other hand, will be interpreted as a process of aesthetic hybridisation, one of the most …
Mao Jin's Emphasis On Celebrated Drama And The Compilation Of Sixty Plays, Jianxin Liu
Mao Jin's Emphasis On Celebrated Drama And The Compilation Of Sixty Plays, Jianxin Liu
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
In the late Ming and early Qing dynasty, Mao Jin paid much attention to celebrated works, which was embodied in the selection and compilation of his Sixty Plays. It included the classic dramas of the Yuan dynasty such as Romance of the Western Chamber and Tale of the Pipa, which had been canonized since the late Ming dynasty. The book also included more contemporary works such as The Peony Pavilion, which became noted as they were circulated among greater audiences. The selection of "potentially" famous dramas such as Xilou Ji and Feiwan Ji was in line with Mao Jin's consistent …
The Somaesthetics Of The Multitude: The Politico-Aesthetic Logic Of Antonio Negri And Michael Hardt In Constructing The Subjecthood, Jinying Li
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
"The Multitude", a concept reconstructed by Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt after the deconstruction of the subjecthood by post-structuralism, is a combination of singularity and commonality, and physicality and affection, and it is the subjecthood of postmodern society that overthrows the control of the empire and constructs the commonwealth. In the early days, Negri began to explore social issues from the perspective of the relationship between art and the multitude. From this perspective, his logics in constructing the multitude can be summed up as aestheticization and bio-politicization, and its inner trajectory of reasoning can be summarized as a transformation from …
Nelson Goodman On Exemplification, Hui Zhang
Nelson Goodman On Exemplification, Hui Zhang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Nelson Goodman holds that there are two forms of symbolizing, namely, denotation and exemplification. In denotation, a symbol is used to refer to an object, while in exemplification the exemplifier has a label or is referred to by a label. Exemplification explains how abstract works perform symbolic functions and express metaphorical exemplifiers. Being highly creative and influential, Goodman's theory is valuable and can serve as a reference for Chinese scholars.
“Inaesthetics” And The “Passion For The Real”: Alain Badiou On The Avant-Garde Art, Kaifeng Xia
“Inaesthetics” And The “Passion For The Real”: Alain Badiou On The Avant-Garde Art, Kaifeng Xia
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Alain Badiou distinguishes between the didactic schema, classical schema and romantic schema in art, and further suggests that the avant-garde art does not create a new schema, but synthesizes the previous schemata into a didactico-romantic schema. Badiou strives to propose a new schema, the "inaesthetics" schema, which is both immanent and exclusive, that is, taking art as a truth-procedure. The inaesthetics schema is actually modeled around the avant-garde art, as Badiou believes that the avant-garde art embodies the "passion for the real" which implies two approaches of "destruction" and "subtraction." When Badiou attempts to combine these two approaches in his …
Wang Guowei's Theory Of Intuition And New Practice Of Symbolizing With Affective Image In Ci-Poetry, Bailing Yang
Wang Guowei's Theory Of Intuition And New Practice Of Symbolizing With Affective Image In Ci-Poetry, Bailing Yang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The category of "perceiving" runs through all the fields and the whole process of Wang Guowei's research. He insists that art is based on intuition, but this does not mean that he is an anti-rationalist. He is not opposed to the use of bi(comparison) and xing (affective image) in classical Chinese poetry, yet reforms these methods with his theory of intuition, thereby giving them connotations of symbolism in modern Western poetics. Taking sorrows for the change of seasons, observations of moonlights, and astronomical phenomena as examples, this article analyzes the symbolic means of intuitive cognition embodiedin Wang Guowei's statement, "all …
Mao Qiling's Comments On The Romance Of The West Chamber And The Value Of His Concept Of “Lyric Example” In Literary Criticism, Xurong Yang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Theatre critics of the Ming dynasty spoke only occasionally about the "example (li)" of the Yuan-dynasty plays (za ju). In early Qing dynasty, Mao Qiling proposed "lyric example ( ci li)" as the primary commentary approach to The Romance ofthe West Chamber. The concept of "lyric" refers to the Yuan-dynasty plays, and the concept of "example" refers to the conventions, commonalities, laws and paradigms. Mao's concept of "lyric example" provided a comprehensive analysis of the language, the temperament, the system, and the performance as well as the critical standards in evaluating not only The Romance of the West Chamber but …
The Breakthrough And Limitations Of Qi Biaojia's Xiqu-Play Criticism, Shiyang Zhang
The Breakthrough And Limitations Of Qi Biaojia's Xiqu-Play Criticism, Shiyang Zhang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
In his letters to friends, Qi Biaojia expressed his hope to compile a collection of xiqu-plays in the Ming dynasty to promote contemporary xiqu-plays with textual criticism of the manuscripts. Qi inherited Wang Jide's idea of being the first to bridge the gap in the xiqu world and Lv Tiancheng's "intention to be close to the secular." Therefore, he tried hard to collect all the xiqu-plays in the Ming dynasty available to him, and compiled a monograph on xiqu-plays. Qi focused on manuscripts rather than on the playwrights or actors as his basis of evaluation. As opera music meters and …
Multidimensional Construction And Deconstruction Of The Claim That The Eight-Legged Essay Was Epitomized In The Ming Dynasty, Xiong Zheng
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The claim that the eight-legged essay was epitomized in the Ming dynasty was solidified by scholars of the Ming and Qing dynasties with the belief that each generation had an exemplary genre since the Yuan dynasty. The claim was constructed from four dimensions of the three relationships between writing and, respectively, societal politics, scholar's vitality, and tradition of adhering to the classics and doctrines, as well as generic transformation and its value. The value of the eight-legged essay in the Ming dynasty had also been criticized in the above mentioned four dimensions by the Ming and Qing dynasty scholars. However, …
The Aesthetic Concept Of On The Absence Of Sentiments In Music And A Reflection On The Construction Of Chinese Aesthetics, Kai Lin
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Ji Kang's ( 223-263) On the Absence of Sentiments in Music has three types of aesthetic concepts. First, listeners of sorrowful music release his emotions through listening. Second, peaceful listeners obtain aesthetic pleasure through appreciating the beauty of musical form. Thirdly, peaceful listeners focus specifically on moderate music, in order to acquire peace and preserve his health. Going beyond utilitarian emotions, Ji Kang laid more emphasis on the second type of aesthetic concept, which was close to Kant's definition of disinterestedness. Yet, he regulated desire due to vigilance, rather than stressing "aesthetic freedom" like modern aesthetics. Therefore, Ji Kang's three …
Fictional Text And Reality Of The Possible, Shusheng Zhang
Fictional Text And Reality Of The Possible, Shusheng Zhang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
This article explores the issue of reference in fictional texts, that is, the relationship between fictional texts and reality. Paul Ricoeur thinks that the reference of poetic language is not cancelled, but only suspended. Through its semantic creativity, it possesses the ability to transform reality and to turn our personal environment into a habitable world. The interpretation of the concept "world /Welt" and "environment /Umwelt" by Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer shed light on the significance of fictional texts in reality, for they propose to us possible modes of existence in the ontological sense. In other words, fictional texts can …
A Paranoid Anxiety Of Life And Its Artistic Expression: A Thematic Study Of The Story Of Zhuangzhou Drumming The Basin, Yugui Jing
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The original story of "Zhuangzhou Drumming the Basin" as first appeared in the Stories to Caution the World has been circulated both in China and abroad, and the motif of "unfaithful widow" is given distinctive artistic forms of expression. Zhuang's wife, the female protagonist in the story is constructed as an embodiment of carnal desire. Such representation reflects the status and tragic existence of women in a patriarchal society. Zhuangzi, who tests his wife's faithfulness, is in fact a representative figure of ancient scholars of little means who are separated from society and family, and a sexually jealous character of …
Juxtaposition, Narrative Strategies, And Multimedia Explorations: Representation Of Time In Comics, Xu Lian
Juxtaposition, Narrative Strategies, And Multimedia Explorations: Representation Of Time In Comics, Xu Lian
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Following the tradition of narratology and comics studies, this article explores various ways of representing time in comics and displays the complexity and diversity of temporal representation in the grammar of comics. It focuses on spatialization, closure, order, speed, and innovation enabled by virtue of multimedia explorations. Spatialization strategies such as juxtaposition and collage are basic ways to represent time in comics, and closure of perception is also critical in understanding time. However, new forms like music comics and webcomics have significantly changed the structure of temporal representation.
The New Development Of Marxist Literary Criticism Today: An Interview With Barbara Foley, Shengzhen Zhang, Barbara Foley
The New Development Of Marxist Literary Criticism Today: An Interview With Barbara Foley, Shengzhen Zhang, Barbara Foley
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
This interview with Prof. Barbara Foley covers a wide range of critical approaches and new challenges in the fields of Marxist theory, Marxist literary criticism, and Marxist pedagogy. Prof. Foley holds that Marxism provides a meta-theory, a privileged standpoint from which to study the connections between literature, politics and history. After examining fundamental principles of Marxism － － historical materialism, political economy, and ideology critique － － Foley analyzes long-standing debates over the nature of literature and sets forth key concerns of Marxist literary criticism. This interview also examines a broad range of literary works － － from classical to …
“Poetic Wisdom”Or “Poetic Knowledge”: On The Interlingual Transformation Of “Della Sapienza Poetica”, Weixuan Lin
“Poetic Wisdom”Or “Poetic Knowledge”: On The Interlingual Transformation Of “Della Sapienza Poetica”, Weixuan Lin
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
While the term “Poetic wisdom” as the translation of “della Sapienza Poetica” helps to convey the aestheticconnotation of the original, it shadows the meaning of “poetic knowledge” and its epistemological background. Since René Descartes's rationality denied the value of philology, Giovanni Battista Vico tried to use “della Sapienza Poetica” as his method to seek truth in philology, and as his determination to defend philology. When approaching “della Sapienza Poetica” from the perspective of “poetic knowledge," we can understand and justify many of the puzzling arguments in Vico's New Science and give due respect to the concept which lacks among Western …
Third Reading Of Early Film Theory: The Turn To Dispositif, Affect, And Action Comedy, Yingjin Zhang
Third Reading Of Early Film Theory: The Turn To Dispositif, Affect, And Action Comedy, Yingjin Zhang
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Early film studies has spread rapidly since the 1990s and become a mainstay in film studies in Euro-American academia, bringing technological innovation, visual culture, and urban modernity into film historiography and thus enriching scholarship in a field previously dominated by close textual reading. This article continues my tracking of early film studies but concentrates on methodological issues of the recent focus on “media archaeology.” My “Reading Early Film Theory: Collective Sensorium and Vernacular Modernism” (2005) introduces Miriam Hansen's theory and Zhen Zhang's book on reconstructing a cultural history of Shanghai film. My follow-up “Rereading Early Film Theory: In Pursuit of …
Imaginations Of The Wei And Jin Dynasties In The Time Of Historical Fracture: Rereading Zong Baihua's "On The Tales Of The World And The Beauty Of The Jin People” In The Context Of The Second Sino-Japanese War, Lang Jin
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Zong Baihua's “On The Tales of the World and the Beauty of the Jin People”is the foundation for research on the aesthetics of the Wei and Jin dynasties. It expounds on the aesthetic spirit in the Wei and Jin dynasties with discourses of "consciousness of personality", which is often traced back to the period of the May Fourth Movement. In fact, this understanding is the result of reinterpretations in the new era. An overlooked fact is that this work was written during the Second Sino-Japanese War, and should be interpreted in the historical and cultural context of this period. The …
Urban Imagination And The Idea Of The Nation-State In Modern Chinese Literature, Yongdong Li
Urban Imagination And The Idea Of The Nation-State In Modern Chinese Literature, Yongdong Li
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Cities and nation-states are both substantive and conceptual. The study of urban imagination in modern Chinese literature needs to go beyond the model that builds on the concept of a uniform city and village. It requires an understanding of the limits in interpreting modernity and cultural perspective, and an emphasis on exploring the polysemy and fluidity of city images. Cities and nation-states constitute a “problem field,”in which the way of looking at and imagining cities are often marked by metaphors of the nation-state. Urban imagination and the idea of the nation-state are mutually illuminative. The expression of the idea of …
Testimony, Narrative, And History: The Plague And Some Issues Of Literature As Testimony, Dongfeng Tao
Testimony, Narrative, And History: The Plague And Some Issues Of Literature As Testimony, Dongfeng Tao
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Albert Camus's The Plague establishes a mode of“literature as historical testimony”and demonstrates a profound shift in the relationship between history and narrative, and it implies that literature ( narrative) is inevitably embedded in history. Literature as a testimony to the Holocaust does not record the Holocaust but also offers a new perspective to understand it. This actualizes the transformation of history as it changes the nature of historical knowledge. The history in The Plague is written in the mode of an allegory, and it establishes a profound metaphorical relation between the plague and the Holocaust. As both the plague and …
Chinese Peking Opera Anthology: A Text-Centered Study Of Peking Opera, Dongdong Li
Chinese Peking Opera Anthology: A Text-Centered Study Of Peking Opera, Dongdong Li
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
Since 1880, Peking opera (jingju) anthologies have developed rapidly and collected a large number of plays. Therefore, the text-centered study of jingju based on anthologies has been established, which could fulfil the gap in existing jingju studies that focus on performance. Specifically, by outlining the basic forms and evolutionary rules of the selected texts, we can survey the full picture of text-centered anthologies in development. By foregrounding text-centeredness and literariness of playscripts, we can open up a new field of textual studies beyond the studies of performance. The major aspects of theoretical studies of jingju anthologies include theories of anthology, …
On Wang Yuanhua's Ideas Of Jingju And His Reflection On The May Fourth Movement, Wei Li
On Wang Yuanhua's Ideas Of Jingju And His Reflection On The May Fourth Movement, Wei Li
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
It is extremely meaningful, on the occasion of the hundredth anniversary of Wang Yuanhua's birth, to restudy his ideas of jingju. Wang's thoughts on the revival and development of jingju from the perspective of cultural heritage are highly valuable. He believes that, in terms of moral ideas, jingju is a medium and vehicle in disseminating grand traditions of Chinese culture towards smaller traditions. Meanwhile, considered as a performance system, jingju embodies the“bixing”mindset, the lyrical expression with mind-object interaction, as well as the flexible distance-immersion dynamic among performers and spectators. This results in a complete system of“virtuality, conventionalization, and ideographics”. He …
A Hundred-Year Modern Peking Opera: Practices And Experiences, Hengfu Zhu
A Hundred-Year Modern Peking Opera: Practices And Experiences, Hengfu Zhu
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
The hundred-year modern Peking opera (jingju) has gone through three stages. In the first stage, ranging from around 1910 to around 1964, jingju was used as agit-prop. In the second stage from 1964 to 1976, there emerged a series of new forms in acting, music, and stage art, with which theatre practitioners strove to use art to perform revolutionary historical stories or the struggle and construction in the socialist period. The third stage from 1976 to the present is characterized by a thematic departure from“politics”and“revolution”to the portrayal of“nobodies”by focusing on characters' psychology; this stage also features novel and beautiful physical …