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Full-Text Articles in Comparative Literature

“No Friend Like A Sister”: Christina Rossetti’S Fantastic Departure From Pre-Raphaelite Poetics And Art In “Goblin Market”, Anna M. Lee May 2024

“No Friend Like A Sister”: Christina Rossetti’S Fantastic Departure From Pre-Raphaelite Poetics And Art In “Goblin Market”, Anna M. Lee

The Criterion

Christina Rossetti’s poetics and artistic vision in her seminal poem, “Goblin Market,” have yielded a range of critical theories, from positions on sisterhood to the ambiguous position of capitalist markets. While considering the socioeconomic and cultural context behind the poem’s development and resonance among contemporary feminist movements, readers also ought to consider the actual “goblin brotherhood” — the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB) — behind Rossetti’s authorial ventures. This paper argues that Rossetti’s fantastical methods draw influence from and participate in the PRB’s poetics and artistic traditions, while subverting the same conventions within a feminist paradigm. Rossetti not only envisions a homosocial …


Moving “Passed” Life For Death, Gwyneth Morrissey May 2024

Moving “Passed” Life For Death, Gwyneth Morrissey

The Criterion

The paper Moving “Passed” Life for Death explores Emily Dickinson's poem #479, "Because I could not stop for Death," focusing on the theme of movement expressed through the word "passed." It analyzes the contradictory qualities of movement and stopping and how they interplay. At the same time, it looks into how the poem's periodic stopping points highlight the natural cycle of life and death, challenging the conventional and fearful understanding of dying. Dickinson's use of "passed" ultimately alludes to the persistence of life after death, altering readers' perceptions of mortality. The essay presents an intriguing interpretation of life, death, and …


The Search For Worth: How Relationship Conflicts Reveal The Universal Nature Of Insecurity, Grace C. Conroy May 2024

The Search For Worth: How Relationship Conflicts Reveal The Universal Nature Of Insecurity, Grace C. Conroy

The Criterion

Since the beginning of time, romantic relationships and their dynamics have taken center stage in media--whether in books, plays, or other forms of literature. In this essay, a comparison of couples' relationships in James Joyce's "The Dead" and Marina Carr's play "The Mai" reveals the core human element of insecurity, prevalent in moments of marital conflict.


The Configuration Of Society In "The Dispossessed" And "Blindness", Patrick Ryan May 2024

The Configuration Of Society In "The Dispossessed" And "Blindness", Patrick Ryan

The Criterion

In both Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed and José Saramago’s Blindness, character’s are posited into scenarios where the structure of society is either foreign, dilapidated, or outright missing. This essay aims to rationalize why the authors arranged their respective worlds this way, and illuminate points of comparison and contrast between the two works. To achieve this goal, this essay specifically analyzes the types of societies seen within the two novels, and what role individual characters have in shaping them. Additionally, through a supplementary examination of related secondary sources, this essay hopes to answer fundamental questions about the portrayal …


The Criterion (2024) May 2024

The Criterion (2024)

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Milton’S Exploration Of The Demonic Consciousness, Niall Mckenna May 2024

Milton’S Exploration Of The Demonic Consciousness, Niall Mckenna

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


The Facade Of Names In Benjamin Clark’S “The Emigrant”, Brad Donegan May 2024

The Facade Of Names In Benjamin Clark’S “The Emigrant”, Brad Donegan

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Downfall To Friendliness?: Analyzing Common Tropes In The Boy Who Loved Too Much, Heather Paglia May 2024

Downfall To Friendliness?: Analyzing Common Tropes In The Boy Who Loved Too Much, Heather Paglia

The Criterion

One of the most commonly held misconceptions regarding the disabled population is that living with any disability automatically decreases the quality of life. It is assumed that any deviation from society’s established norm for the perfect brain and body must be a burden. Both the physical and social implications associated with disability have forged in the minds of many the idea that a disabled life could not possibly be a good life. This overarching negativity, however, is turned on its head when considering Williams Syndrome, a rare genetic disorder more accurately described as happy syndrome. This so-called disability is not …


Language And The Lord Of The Rings: The Expansion Of A Universe, Thomas Beutz May 2024

Language And The Lord Of The Rings: The Expansion Of A Universe, Thomas Beutz

The Criterion

Tommy Beutz’s essay, “Language and The Lord of the Rings: The Expansion of a Universe” explores J.R.R. Tolkien’s world-building through the lens of linguistics. Beutz argues that Tolkien’s creation of Middle-Earth, anchored in his invented languages, extends beyond the bounds of the text. Drawing on Tolkien’s background as a philologist, Beutz contends that the languages of Middle-Earth are not mere literary devices but rather the foundation of its entire mythology. By examining linguistic markers embedded in the primary text, Beutz reveals how Tolkien hints at a larger world outside the narrative. Through an analysis of historical accounts and characters’ …


Eliot’S Raid On The Ineffable, Louie Alexandris May 2024

Eliot’S Raid On The Ineffable, Louie Alexandris

The Criterion

In the poem Four Quartets, T.S Eliot employs a fragmentary form to dramatize the disjointed continuity of time. Within the poem though, the fluctuation or fragmentation of the form is also in service to the whole by showing the unending exploration of man to reach the “still point” of divine contemplation. For Eliot, the fragmentary nature of the form in Four Quartets is in service to the whole, because the continual fluctuation of musicality embodies a journey or exploration for the “still point” of the world to achieve true contemplation. In that sense, Eliot’s poem is an artistic success, …


What Is The Right Feeling? Keat's Poetic Representations Of Agentive Femininity, Brendan Bonner May 2023

What Is The Right Feeling? Keat's Poetic Representations Of Agentive Femininity, Brendan Bonner

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Heurodis's Body: Reading "Sir Orfeo" With Three Significant Losses, Grace J. Bromage May 2023

Heurodis's Body: Reading "Sir Orfeo" With Three Significant Losses, Grace J. Bromage

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


The (Ir)Reverent Social Roles Of Religion In The Work Of James And Wharton, Jannette Kazlauskas May 2023

The (Ir)Reverent Social Roles Of Religion In The Work Of James And Wharton, Jannette Kazlauskas

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


The Criterion (2023) May 2023

The Criterion (2023)

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


“A Disputant Of The Landscape:” Redefining The English Landscape In “To Autumn”, John Sager May 2023

“A Disputant Of The Landscape:” Redefining The English Landscape In “To Autumn”, John Sager

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Bawdy Works: Vulgar Humor And Bodily Autonomy In Austen's "Mansfield Park" And Fielding's "The History Of Tom Jones", Sloane Larsen May 2023

Bawdy Works: Vulgar Humor And Bodily Autonomy In Austen's "Mansfield Park" And Fielding's "The History Of Tom Jones", Sloane Larsen

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


The Gendered Shackles Of Clarissa Dalloway And Septimus Warren Smith, Abigail Coburn May 2023

The Gendered Shackles Of Clarissa Dalloway And Septimus Warren Smith, Abigail Coburn

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Tension In The Eye: Milton And Surveillance, Joseph Abrams May 2023

Tension In The Eye: Milton And Surveillance, Joseph Abrams

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Fated By A Fallen World, Danielle Dentremont May 2023

Fated By A Fallen World, Danielle Dentremont

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Enigmatic Nashe And The Subversion Of Romance, Louie Alexandris May 2023

Enigmatic Nashe And The Subversion Of Romance, Louie Alexandris

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Ownership Is Power, Madeleine Moino May 2023

Ownership Is Power, Madeleine Moino

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


The Exile Enigma And The Cycle Of Haunting, Caroline Boardman May 2023

The Exile Enigma And The Cycle Of Haunting, Caroline Boardman

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Awareness In Thomas Hardy's "The Darkling Thrush", Caroline Coffey May 2023

Awareness In Thomas Hardy's "The Darkling Thrush", Caroline Coffey

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


Christian Humanism In Flannery O'Connor's "Wise Blood", Grant Ward May 2023

Christian Humanism In Flannery O'Connor's "Wise Blood", Grant Ward

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


The Criterion (2022) May 2022

The Criterion (2022)

The Criterion

No abstract provided.


“His Own Was Ampler:” Dickinson And Whitman’S Sunset Poetry, Devyn Forcina Jan 2022

“His Own Was Ampler:” Dickinson And Whitman’S Sunset Poetry, Devyn Forcina

The Criterion

Although they are utterly dissimilar poets, Dickinson and Whitman made sunsets frequent subjects of their work. Dickinsonian sunset poetry attempts to imitate the natural phenomena and evokes tension and competition. A kind of closure is forced upon her unwilling speaker, who struggles against the inevitable ending of the day. In contrast, Whitmanian sunset poetry sings and celebrates the finale of the setting sun and delights in the cyclical nature of time. While Dickinson acknowledges the temporary quality of a single sunset, Whitman rejoices in their immortal occurrence. Both poets preserve the imagery of sunsets as photographers would, while imbuing them …


Women, Writing, And Storytelling In Medieval England And The Canterbury Tales, Sadie O'Conor Jan 2022

Women, Writing, And Storytelling In Medieval England And The Canterbury Tales, Sadie O'Conor

The Criterion

For a woman to succeed in an academic sphere, it is never enough for her to be clever-- she must be brilliant. “The Second Nun’s Tale” in Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales explores the metaphorical brilliance (in sexual purity, intelligence, and faith) of St. Cecilia. The tale is also a mechanism for the Second Nun to advocate for her own vocation of “holy work,” for the sake of the learned religious women who preserved such writings. The themes of her tale are quite different from those espoused by the Wife of Bath, but the Wife also argues to have her voice …


Shakespeare’S Staging And The Self In The Sonnets, Xiani Zhu Jan 2022

Shakespeare’S Staging And The Self In The Sonnets, Xiani Zhu

The Criterion

This essay examines the theatricality of Shakespeare’s young man sonnets and how he uses the “stage” as a shortcut to deliver abstract ideas such as the concept of beauty, time, and love that are otherwise difficult to express. On a micro level, he frames each individual sonnet as a stage, where each specific setting and scenario allows dramatic tension to arise between the characters on stage, and from there, abstract ideas and emotions are naturally presented without being directly stated. On a macro level, the entire young-man sonnet sub-sequence — being in love with a beautiful young man — itself …


Injustice In Childhood: Jane Eyre And The Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, Christian Barkman Jan 2022

Injustice In Childhood: Jane Eyre And The Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, Christian Barkman

The Criterion

Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre and Frederick Douglass’ Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, are autobiographical novels narrated by the fictional Jane Eyre and the real Frederick Douglass. Both stories evoke an outpouring of pity for their respective narrator: Jane, for the unmerited abuses dealt against her by family and school administrators, but most of all Douglass, who reserves the greater portion of lament on account of his dreadful persecution under the evil of slavery. The environments Jane and Douglass inhabit throughout their childhood inflict an immense burden on their physical body and psyche. This essay specially examines the …


Marilynne Robinson’S Housekeeping Read Through The Conceptual Prism Of “Tethers”, Sarah Street Jan 2022

Marilynne Robinson’S Housekeeping Read Through The Conceptual Prism Of “Tethers”, Sarah Street

The Criterion

Marilynne Robinson’s novel, Housekeeping, follows her central protagonist, Ruth, her sister Lucille, and her aunt Sylvie as they work to establish their place up against a greater surround. This paper attempts to read the novel through the conceptual prism of the word “tethers.” I argue that the characters' relationships with the surround shifts as they work through their trauma and grapple with the notion of impermanence by reconciling with both those things that tether them, those tethers that do not exist or have been released, and the tethers from which they want to break free. Ultimately I argue that …