Chinese Studies Commons^™

Evaluation Of A Community-Based Positive Youth Development Program For Adolescents With Greater Psychosocial Needs: Views Of The Program Participants, Daniel T. L. Shek, Cecilia M. S. Ma, Moon Y. M. Law, Zoe Zhao

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The present study attempted to investigate the perceptions of Chinese secondary school students with greater psychosocial needs of the Tier 2 Program in the community-based phase of P.A.T.H.S. Project in Hong Kong (n=4245). Using a subjective outcome evaluation tool (Form C), the results revealed that a great majority of the students held positive attitudes toward the program, implementers and the effectiveness of the program. Also, the three domains of the program (“program quality”, “implementer quality” and “program effectiveness”) were significantly associated with each other. In line with previous findings, both program content and program implementer quality were significant predictors of …

Evaluation Of A Community-Based Positive Youth Development Program In Hong Kong: Views Of Program Implementers, Daniel T. L. Shek, Cecilia M. S. Ma, Xiaoqin Zhu

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Using a subjective outcome evaluation method, the current study investigated program implementers’ perceptions of the Tier 1 Program of the community-based P.A.T.H.S. Project in Hong Kong. After completion of the program, 599 program implementers completed a valid and reliable scale (i.e. Form B) to give their ratings on program content, their own performance, and perceived program effectiveness. As expected, most program implementers perceived the program in a favorable way by giving very positive ratings on the three aspects measured in Form B. Grade differences on the ratings were observed, with implementers teaching the senior curriculum held more positive views on …

Subjective Outcome Evaluation Of The Community-Based P.A.T.H.S. Project: Views Of Program Implementers, Daniel T. L. Shek, Janet T. Y. Leung, Cecilia M. S. Ma, Jing Wu

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The present study adopted subjective outcome evaluation to examine program effectiveness from the views of implementers (N=375) who implemented the community-based Tier 2 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong. The results revealed that most of the program implementers were satisfied with the program content, their own performance, and program benefits. In agreement with previous studies, the satisfaction ratings of both program content and implementer performance positively predicted perceived program benefits. Regarding the influences of different program delivery approaches, programs with the “interest-enhancement” (INT) element received a more positive evaluation from implementers than did the programs without that element. …

A Conceptual Change Of Style In The Officially Complied Catalogue Of Novelists From The Eastern Han Dynasty To The Northern Song Dynasty, Hailong Lv

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

From the Eastern Han dynasty to the Northern Song dynasty, the official amendment of "novelists" had changed its style from "little narration involved" to "valuation of narration" This change of the concept of style was first initiated by Liu Zhiji was established by Ouyang Xiu. Their views were mainly seen in Shitong: Zashu and A Xintangshu. The former had had a great influence on the latter, especially in terms of how to assess the status of fiction, how to explain the nature of a novel as well as how to make additions and deletions to the works collected in Novelists, …

A Study Of The Origin Of "The Feng Brothers" Poetics From Home Influence And Discipleship, Yafeng Li, Youliang Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The Feng brothers of Haiyu are important figures of the Yushan School of poets, and have been regarded as the backbone of those who opposed of the retro-poetics in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. But few people have discovered the relationship between the Feng brothers and the retro school. This is not conducive to understanding their true poetics, and not conducive to clarifying the actual trajectory of poetry evolution from the Ming to the Qing. And this affects the correct understanding and evaluation of the status and the role of the Yushan School of poets. A comparative analyses …

Difference And Nexus Between Yijing And Chanjing: A Brief Discussion And Response To Yang Chu, Zuzhao Gu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The nexus between poetry and Chan is a hard issue in literary history. The paper outlines the formation of the theory of yijing, the ideo-mood-imagery, or the poetically evoked realm so as to tell that yijing is an original Chinese aesthetic category and it cannot be distorted by alien culture. The article, drawing on Sutra Spoken of Southern Buddhism, proceeds to show that chanjing, or the zen-induced realm, is characterized by the absence of images and emotions and aesthetic purposes, thus highlighting the basic difference of Yijing and Chanjing. The above argumentation aims to clarify various kinds of misunderstandings about …

The Aesthetic Ideology Of Post-Marxism, Yongkang Fan, Fengjie Liu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

This paper aims to analyze the philosophical basis, theoretical connotation and theoretical characteristics of the theory of post-Marxist aesthetic ideology. The influential theory about aesthetic ideology in China belongs to the "problematic" of traditional Marxism, but the contemporary Western aesthetic ideology belongs to the 'problematic' of post-Marxism. The former is based on historical materialism, and the latter on cultural materialism and language constructivism. From the perspective of post-Marxism, aesthetic ideology no longer stays at the ‘metaphysical’ linguistic, cultural and symbolic levels; it is integrated with "physical" material systems and social reality and becomes parasitic within the institutions, thus having material …

Ecocriticism And Shakespeare, Until 2016, C. Estok Simon

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Ecocriticism is a fairly new area of investigation that has rapidly and sometimes controversially expanded. Theorizing ecocriticism has at times been met with debate, and traditional areas of literary studies have not always been entirely receptive. Thus, the expansion of ecocritical theory into Shakespearean studies (now a thriving micro industry all its own) warrants serious discussion, both from contextual and theoretical positions. This article will cover three main sections: 1] an introduction to the general field of ecocriticism; 2] the theory and the practice of ecocriticism (including the problems and the promises); and 3] Shakespeare and ecocriticism. The more that …

The Adaptation Of Chuanqi In Fiction Anthologies Of The Ming Dynasty And Its Significance For Stylistics, Minghua Ren

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Among about 200 fiction anthologies published in the Ming Dynasty, there were nearly 70 that included chuanqi. Compilers often rewrote the original text according to their own aesthetic tastes and ideas of fiction. There existed three strategies of rewriting. First, compilers added or deleted verses, which consolidated or undermined the style of chuanqi by working on its form, making verse a variable of the style of fiction. Second, they changed characterization, plot design, narration, etc., and even transformed the style, which reflected compilers' understanding of characterization and the art of narration. Third, they changed the language by making the original …

The Construction Of Literary Theory Of The Individual Chuanqi In The Mid-Tang Dynasty, Junjun Li

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The individual chuanqi of the Mid-Tang Dynasty established the model for chuanqi's style and its fundamental connotation. In terms of form and narrative pattern, the individual chuanqi of the Mid-Tang Dynasty was different from tales of the miraculous before the Tang Dynasty, early Tang Dynasty chuanqi and historical biographies. The individual chuanqi of the Mid­-Tang Dynasty was intentionally created by literati to showcase their literary talent. In the lifelike and intimate narration, real-to-­life details helped to shape the reality of characters' emotions and story development. In the process of circulation, the writing style of the individual chuanqi became a genre; …

The Italian Renaissance In China, Xin Gao

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The Italian Renaissance, as an "Other" of Chinese thoughts, has been playing an important role in helping Chinese intellectuals and scholars to reshape their subjective imagination about nations, states, arts, beliefs, values, and individuality. From the outset of Modernization, it provoked several waves of debate among Chinese artists, theorists, historians, intellectuals and scholars, respectively during the early 1930s, 1978-1980, and 2007-2008. Broadly speaking, the Chinese scholarship on the Italian Renaissance has developed in several directions. In terms of research objectives, it ranges from instrumentalist and pragmatic appropriations of Western learning, to more comprehensive, sophisticated socio-historical research and cultural studies. In …

The Paradigm Of "Ego Absent" In Classical Chinese Poem Writing: A Case Study Of Tang Poems, Yuqin Jiang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

It is usually believed that in classical Chinese poem writing, except on the form, there is little emphasis on internal aesthetic rules. Or rather, such rules are invisibly there, but simply defy any expedient attempt at summarization or generalization. Based on a textual examination of Tang poems and on critics' diachronic observations about Tang poetry, the paper contends that in classical Chinese poem writing, there does exist an aesthetic rule which can be termed the paradigm of "ego absent" characterized by the representation of scenery as a metaphorical expression of feelings and emotions. The emergence of the scenery-as-feelings/emotions paradigm in …

World Literature As A Literary Space, Mengze Yao

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

"World literature" has multiple meanings such as world literature as a discipline, as a pedagogical practice, or as a theoretical problem. As to the last meaning of the concept, scholars worldwide have emphasized the institution of world literature more than world literature works. This emphasis comes as a result of a rethinking of the world after the 1970s, so that the "institution" here is substantially the institution of the world. However, this "world" should not be taken as the real world, but a unique world of literature, and the essence of this institution is the more complex and more subtle …

A Study Of Acoustic Narrative In A Dream Of Red Mansions, Zhiping Yang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Acoustic narrative is widely used in A Dream of Red Mansions. It greatly enhances the artistic value of the novel and plays an important role in highlighting the novel's multi-significance. The acoustic narrative in A Dream of Red Mansions promotes the development of the plots, strengthens the characterization, and contributes to improving the poetic significance of the novel. Due attention should be given to the acoustic narrative in reading and studying A Dream of Red Mansions.

"As If Before The Eyes" And "Seen Beyond Words": The Aesthetic Pursuit And Function Of Inner-Vision In Chinese Poetics, Jing Zhang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Images and artistic conception in ancient Chinese poetics are in fact a beauty of inner-vision, which is the origin of what are seen as aesthetic standards: "yan wai zhi yi (lit. implication beyond words)" and "yun wai zhi zhi (lit. resonance beyond tone)". The beauty of inner-vision exactly reflects the basic aesthetic attributes of literature. Mei Yaochen, a poet in the Song Dynasty, says, "Depicting what is hard to depict as if before the eyes and expressing unlimited meaning beyond words." The inner logic for this sentence is that the former is the premise of the latter. Ideas such as …

Contemplations On The Construction Of An Internet Literature Evaluation System, Ting Ouyang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

No abstract provided.

Charles Morris's Pragmatics And The Paradigm Shift In Southern Song Landscape Painting, Lian Duan

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Studying the landscape painting of the Southern Song period, this essay proposes a semiotic paradigm to examine its artistic change. The idea of this paradigm is inspired by the theory of Charles Morris, specifically, the Morrisian hypothesis about the pragmatical dimension of semiosis. From this point of view, this essay explores the inwardness of Southern Song art, and observes that, due to the change of cultural context, Chinese landscape painting in the Southern Song experienced a paradigm shift from realist representation to self-expression, which decisively re-directed the course of the mainstream in Chinese landscape painting from being external sensitive to …

Historical Evolution And Reflection On The Concept "The Essence Of Literature", Daren Lai

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The essence of literature is an issue of modern literary theory. In the process of Chinese literary theory's modern transformation and development, the theorization of the essence of literature was highlighted, and has become the key issue in modern literary theory. This concept has adapted itself several times through historical construction and evolution, from the beginning of the twentieth century to the period of reform and opening up, in accordance with the change of time and the development of literature. The new period also saw the evolution process of this concept under different critical lenses: social and aesthetic ideology theories, …

Shen Congwen And The Study Of Material Culture, Jin Ji

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Forced to stop writing after 1949, Shen Congwen veered his attention to the study of material culture. Consistent with his literary creation, his study of folk and daily cultural relics was a "lyrical archeology" to present his life. The guideline for his study of material culture was "biographing things" by tracing their histories with a massive amount of literature. His emphasis on the material existence not only echoed ideas in modern archeology, but also related to his long-term obsession with "things", hence the juxtaposition of handed-down relics, newly discovered literature and articles. His study penetrated original discipline boundaries, because he …

Genesis And Evolution Of The Concept "Chinese Painting" — The Art Of The Early Republican China, Yiran Xiong

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The concept "traditional Chinese painting" was originally a by-product of the establishment of a national state. In the process of naming, there existed an intervention of state power and a repression of cultural diversity. At the same time, concepts related to "traditional Chinese painting", such as the artist's identity, ink, the artistic function of Chinese painting, were also changed with the expansion of the concept "Chinese painting". In the early Republican China, when the West stood out as the other, the positions of "the Westernized Chinese style" or "the Sinicized Western style" underpinning experimental arts were further highlighted, showing the …

The Dilemma Of Minority Ethic Group's Literary Theory And The Conjunction With "Aphasia" Of Chinese Literary Theory, Xinyong Yao, Yajuan Liu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

The paper focuses on the process of Chinese minority ethnic group ancient literary theory discipline construction, introduces the general characteristics of the discipline, and reveals the main dilemma perplexed. And also comparing the discussion of the "Alogia" of Chinese literary theory together with other related disciplines in the recent two decades. Through this discussion we try to practicing multi-dimensional and polygonal speech in which the China's literatures and literary theories should have.

The Genesis Of Literature, Shuying Du

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Existing hypotheses of the genesis (or the origin) of literature and arts, such as the renowned theory of "mimesis", of labor, of witchcraft, and of play, have made their due contribution, but none of them is entirely convincing. Equally important to the field of study are theories by the Russian scholar Alexander Veselovsky and Chinese scholars Lu Kan and Feng Yuanjun, who have been neglected by academics. It is probable that Giovanni Battista Vico's New Science is the closest to the truth of the origin of arts. Therefore, his ideas are still provocative. This article proposes another hypothesis: literature (poetry) …

The Philosophical Art Criticism Of Rosalind Krauss, Wenji Zhou

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

As a well-known American art critic and art theorist, Rosalind Krauss established her own criticism style from the perspective of structuralism and post-structuralism, drawing on Saussure's ideas, semiology, psychoanalysis and various theories to take a philosophical art criticism on modern and postmodern art. This paper explores her particularly philosophical idea about the theory of grid and the formless while reviewing her philosophical art criticism, and therefore it presents the cultural logic behind modernist myths and essential postmodernism ideas. Hence, through philosophical art criticism, Krauss went through the change from the formalism to post-formalism during the course of unveiling the modernist …

The Void As The Effect: The Constructive Precondition Of Buddhist Aesthetics, Yun Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

If the "void" is taken as an aesthetic concept, the idea of the "void as the effect" should be its indispensable condition. If "cause and effect" is understood as a kind of time sequence, then "effect" is undoubtedly the end of this process. This "sequence" indicates the pursuit for reason and emphasis on the end, and thus it establishes the aesthetic vision for the "void". The development of the idea of the void has revealed that it is getting increasingly result-oriented with more emphases on proving and tracing the result that one gets what the mind turns to. Thus the …

Zhiyan And Zhuangzi's Concept Of Yan, Shugang Liu

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

This paper investigates zhiyan ("the goblet words"), which is the most important of the three kinds of words Zhuangzi used. In Zhuangzi, yan ("words") refers to the speeches peoples make, or texts the scholars write, and also concepts hidden in peoples' behavior. Therefore, zhiyan is not only a special way of speaking or writing, but also suggests a special style of living, and it depends on the deconstruction of the self. Zhiyan is closely related to Zhuangzi's essential theories such as the equalities between all speeches and the transformation of things. Based on the consciousness of language that zhiyan implies, …

The Yin And Yang Of Conflict Management And Resolution, Guo-Ming Chen

Communication Studies Faculty Publications

The increasing interaction among cultural groups due to the impact of globalization has not only made the relationship between conflict and culture more interdependent and complicated, but also demands that a new way be found for studying conflict management and resolution from a more dynamic perspective. Eastern and Western cultures are distinct societies in terms of axiological, epistemological and methodological assumptions. The axiological assumptions are especially useful for understanding the differences between Eastern and Western conflict behaviors. From the perspective of human interaction, the dynamic nature of culture can be more specifically displayed intraculturally by internal variations and interculturally by …

Kuiji’S Analysis Of Individual Capacities For Enlightenment: Philosophical Foundations Of His Chinese Yogācāra Buddhist Tradition, Ronald S. Green

Philosophy and Religious Studies

According to Mahāyāna Buddhism as seen in the Lotus Sūtra and many other Buddhist texts revered in Chinese and other East Asian traditions, the Buddha used his insight into each individual’s capacity for understanding, to tailor his teachings about how they should proceed toward overcoming suffering. For this reason, the Buddha is sometimes called the Great Physician, having the ability to diagnose an individual’s case and prescribe a specific remedy. This is the Buddha’s skillful means or skill-in-means (upāya), his expertise in crafting a personal plan for liberation. Thus, the overall ethical imperative is the same regardless of an individual’s …

Impartiality, Close Friendship And The Confucian Tradition, Andrew Lambert

Publications and Research

This paper explores the relationship between friendship and morality. Two ideas have been influential in the history of moral philosophy: the impartial standpoint and close friendship. These two perspectives on thought and action can conflict, however, and such a case is presented.

In an attempt to resolve this tension, and understand the assumptions that give rise to it, I explore an alternative conception of moral conduct and friendship suggested by early Confucian thought. Within this account, moral conduct is that which aims at harmony, understood as the appropriate blending of different elements. This suggests a conception of friendship, ‘event friendship’, …

論《西遊記》中悟空與六耳獼猴之重像關係及其文本中之意蘊, Hung Wah, Anson Lau

Dissertations from all years

《西遊記》中，唐僧師徒四人往西天取經一路上遭受重重劫難。他們一行人的佛性在經歷一次次試鍊後得以昇華。當中最為奇特及對悟空最大的考驗當數“六耳獼猴＂之劫難，即第四十五難“再逐心猿”及第四十六難“難辨獼猴”。書中指悟空為“天產石猴”，乃以天為父、以地為母的自然之子，其存在具有唯一性。然而，文中偏偏出現了與悟空“同象同音”的六耳獼猴。他的出現甚為神秘，除如來以外，無人識得他類屬“混世四猴”中之“六耳獼猴”。可惜書中對六耳獼猴記載甚少；又有多處因限知敘事而產生情節空白，為後人留下不少疑點；同時亦鮮少有學術論文對六耳獼猴進行探討，故“《西遊記》中孫悟空與六耳獼猴的關係及其於文本中之意義”是個值得研究之課題。

本文將從三部分分析孫悟空與六耳獼猴之關係。第一部分著力分析孫悟空的“心魔” ——“六耳獼猴”的源起；第二部份將以《西遊記》（李卓吾評本）為本、《西遊補》為輔，解構悟空與六耳獼猴這對重像（Double）；第三部分將借西方心理學家榮格（Carl Gustav Jung）（1875-1961）有關“人格面具”（Persona）及“陰影”（Shadow）的理論，把六耳獼猴視作悟空人格面具下的陰影，從西方心理學的角度剖析文本，以此探討六耳獼猴和悟空的關係在文本之中的意蘊。

香港話中特有的程度副詞, Yin Kwan Chu

Dissertations from all years

粵方言的語法與現代漢語非常不同，尤其是港式中文的用字更是與眾不同。香港人說話時喜歡使用大量程度副詞以加強語氣，於是近年出現不少香港獨有的程度副詞，它們的用法和效果比起現代漢語已有的程度副詞更是別具特色。受網絡媒體以白話文傳播新聞的影響，，因此，本文將通過分析十個香港特有的程度副詞例子，從而探討現時港式程度副詞的四個特色，探討現時香港使用程度副詞的情況。

本文主要分成兩大部份，第一部份集中介紹較少被談論到的港式程度副詞，分述十個程度副詞在新聞和日常溝通中的使用方法，並以網絡報導的內文為例句，列出它們和其他詞類的搭配情況。十個例子分別是OK、認真、真心、無敵、終極、堅、有啲、鬼咁、丁丁咁、幾咁。

第二部份主要討論四個香港程度副詞的特色，並會以本文介紹的十個例子作論述，討論為何港式程度副詞可以單獨使用、會受英語影響而出現、會從實詞虛化成副詞、程度義不明顯。

最後結語部份會總括香港程度副詞的現時狀況和對未來香港的程度副詞發展作出期望。