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Full-Text Articles in American Studies

The Oil Crisis Of 1973: President Nixon’S Actions To Maintain American Prosperity, Meredith Haluga Apr 2017

The Oil Crisis Of 1973: President Nixon’S Actions To Maintain American Prosperity, Meredith Haluga

American Studies Forum

The paper describes the Oil Crisis of 1973. It examines how President Nixon and his government reacted to the Oil Crisis in attempts to prevent the United States from being economically devastated by it. The work includes details about the actions that Nixon and the government took, the regulations set in place as a result, the reactions of Americans, and the lasting impacts of both the crisis and the regulations.


Johnson’S War: How Vietnam Tarnished A Presidency, Patrick Lyons Apr 2017

Johnson’S War: How Vietnam Tarnished A Presidency, Patrick Lyons

Pell Scholars and Senior Theses

This Senior History thesis entitled, Johnson's War: How Vietnam Tarnished a Presidency, dives into the controversial and often questioned success of Lyndon Johnson as President of the United States. Specifically, the Vietnam War and its harsh effect on Johnson and the United States is debated throughout. The context expresses how Johnson's presidency would forever be tarnished by the stain the Vietnam War has left in American history. The steps taken during the Johnson administration were proven to be quite harmful to his reputation and the success of the nation. The decisions made and consequences that came with the Vietnam War …


Standing Up For Standing Rock: Environmental Racism In Modern America, Lizzy Lebleu Mar 2017

Standing Up For Standing Rock: Environmental Racism In Modern America, Lizzy Lebleu

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

In this essay, I explore the implications of environmental racism among our national and global neighbors.


Content Matters--Teaching "The Case For Reparations," 9-12, Tamara Jaffe-Notier, Carol Friedman Mar 2017

Content Matters--Teaching "The Case For Reparations," 9-12, Tamara Jaffe-Notier, Carol Friedman

National Youth Advocacy & Resilience Conference

We offer specific materials and plans for teaching the structure and content of Ta-Nehisi Coates' persuasive essay, "The Case for Reparations," and building trustworthy relationships with and among students. By participating in this interactive session, you will practice teaching five specific high school appropriate lessons addressing requisite knowledge and skills for studying this essay, from real estate redlining to building academic vocabulary for rhetorical analysis.


Rose’S Gift: Slavery, Kinship, And The Fabric Of Memory, Mark J. Auslander Mar 2017

Rose’S Gift: Slavery, Kinship, And The Fabric Of Memory, Mark J. Auslander

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

One of the most evocative objects in the new Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture is an embroidered cloth bag that has come to be known as “Ashley’s Sack”. Stitch-work on the bag, signed “Ruth Middleton”, recounts the bag’s painful history, as a gift presented by an enslaved woman, Rose, to her daughter Ashley, when Ashley was sold at age nine in South Carolina. This paper explores ‘Ashley’s sack’ as an object of history, memory, ritual action, and aesthetic creativity.


Get Ye A Copper Kettle: Appalachia, Moonshine, And A Postcolonial World, Christopher David Adkins Mar 2017

Get Ye A Copper Kettle: Appalachia, Moonshine, And A Postcolonial World, Christopher David Adkins

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

For little over a century, the American region of Appalachia was an internal mineral colony of the United States. This internal colonization produced innumerable negative environmental and economic effects, as well as – most insidious of all – the constructed stereotype of the Hillbilly that even in the Twenty-First Century refuses to die. Yet part and parcel of that same stereotype is something found all over Appalachia, representing a freedom, an identity, and an heritage so long denied to Appalachia and the Appalachian people on its own terms: moonshine, the colorless, unaged corn whiskey long produced both in Appalachia …


Arnold Whitridge: Scholar And Veteran Of Two Armies And Two Wars, Keith J. Muchowski Jan 2017

Arnold Whitridge: Scholar And Veteran Of Two Armies And Two Wars, Keith J. Muchowski

Publications and Research

This is an invited blog post written for Roads to the Great War, a site dedicated to the study of the First World War edited by historian Mike Hanlon. The article discusses the life and career of Arnold Whitridge, a soldier, scholar and grandson of British poet Matthew Arnold.

This is the url:

http://roadstothegreatwar-ww1.blogspot.com/2017/01/arnold-whitridge-scholar-and-veteran-of.html


2017 Mlk Keynote Emory Douglas Program, Center For Social Equity & Inclusion, Emory Douglas Jan 2017

2017 Mlk Keynote Emory Douglas Program, Center For Social Equity & Inclusion, Emory Douglas

Martin Luther King, Jr. Series

Program for the 2017 MLK Keynote Address: Emory Douglas. An artist, educator and human rights activist, Emory Douglas served as the Minister of Culture for the Black Panther Party from 1967-80. Best known for his political drawings and cartoons in the Black Panther Newspaper, he articulated the injustices experienced by African Americans living in the inner city, the growing militancy and organization among urban black youth in the face of police violence and the need for community-based social programs. 2017 MLK Keynote, Emory Douglas discusses the process, meaning and impact of his artwork then and now.


2017 Mlk Keynote Emory Douglas Educational Foldout, Center For Social Equity & Inclusion, Emory Douglas Jan 2017

2017 Mlk Keynote Emory Douglas Educational Foldout, Center For Social Equity & Inclusion, Emory Douglas

Martin Luther King, Jr. Series

Educational foldout for the 2017 MLK Keynote Address: Emory Douglas. An artist, educator and human rights activist, Emory Douglas served as the Minister of Culture for the Black Panther Party from 1967-80. Best known for his political drawings and cartoons in the Black Panther Newspaper, he articulated the injustices experienced by African Americans living in the inner city, the growing militancy and organization among urban black youth in the face of police violence and the need for community-based social programs. 2017 MLK Keynote, Emory Douglas discusses the process, meaning and impact of his artwork then and now.


2017 Mlk Keynote Emory Douglas Educational Foldout, Center For Social Equity & Inclusion, Emory Douglas Jan 2017

2017 Mlk Keynote Emory Douglas Educational Foldout, Center For Social Equity & Inclusion, Emory Douglas

Martin Luther King, Jr. Series

Educational foldout for the 2017 MLK Keynote Address: Emory Douglas. An artist, educator and human rights activist, Emory Douglas served as the Minister of Culture for the Black Panther Party from 1967-80. Best known for his political drawings and cartoons in the Black Panther Newspaper, he articulated the injustices experienced by African Americans living in the inner city, the growing militancy and organization among urban black youth in the face of police violence and the need for community-based social programs. 2017 MLK Keynote, Emory Douglas discusses the process, meaning and impact of his artwork then and now.


2017 Mlk Keynote Emory Douglas Program, Center For Social Equity & Inclusion, Emory Douglas Jan 2017

2017 Mlk Keynote Emory Douglas Program, Center For Social Equity & Inclusion, Emory Douglas

Martin Luther King, Jr. Series

Program for the 2017 MLK Keynote Address: Emory Douglas. An artist, educator and human rights activist, Emory Douglas served as the Minister of Culture for the Black Panther Party from 1967-80. Best known for his political drawings and cartoons in the Black Panther Newspaper, he articulated the injustices experienced by African Americans living in the inner city, the growing militancy and organization among urban black youth in the face of police violence and the need for community-based social programs. 2017 MLK Keynote, Emory Douglas discusses the process, meaning and impact of his artwork then and now.


The Ethics Of The Vietnam War, Samuel Ewing Jan 2017

The Ethics Of The Vietnam War, Samuel Ewing

The Kabod

Although the Vietnam Conflict was not conducted in an entirely ethical manner, the war provided a tangible example of the extent of Kennan’s containment theory and its effect on the United States in the twentieth century.


The Farm In The City In The Recent Past: Thoughts On A More Inclusive Urban Historiography, Ruth Glasser Jan 2017

The Farm In The City In The Recent Past: Thoughts On A More Inclusive Urban Historiography, Ruth Glasser

Urban and Community Studies Faculty Writing

The scholarly and journalistic literature usually treats urban agriculture as a new phenomenon, but it is a neglected dimension of urban history. Some U.S. cities, at least in the Northeast, had food-raising and processing practices not just in colonial times but right up until the relatively recent past. Three areas of history are explored that have mostly omitted discussion of city food production but nonetheless provide important frameworks to explore such production: urban development, agricultural, and immigrant history. Woven throughout this piece is evidence from a study of Waterbury, Connecticut. Local food production did not die when the Industrial Revolution …


Archaeological Survey At I.B. Magee Park, Port Aransas, Nueces County, Texas, Jennifer Hatchett Kimbell Jan 2017

Archaeological Survey At I.B. Magee Park, Port Aransas, Nueces County, Texas, Jennifer Hatchett Kimbell

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In April 2017, archaeologists from Coastal Environments, Inc. (CEI) conducted intensive archaeological survey with shovel testing in accordance with Council of Texas Archeologists (CTA) and Texas Historical Commission (THC) guidelines on approximately 131 acres of land at I.B. Magee Park for the Nueces County Coastal Parks System in advance of proposed improvements to the park. The park is located along the shoreline in Port Aransas, Texas at the northern end of Mustang Island, immediately south of the University of Texas Marine Science Institute and the Corpus Christi Ship Channel, also known as Aransas Pass.

Because the proposed improvements may result …


Intensive Archaeological Survey Of Portions Of The Proposed Sand Hills Loop Phase I Pipeline, Reagan And Crockett Counties, Texas, Susan E. Butler, Todd L. Butler Jan 2017

Intensive Archaeological Survey Of Portions Of The Proposed Sand Hills Loop Phase I Pipeline, Reagan And Crockett Counties, Texas, Susan E. Butler, Todd L. Butler

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On behalf of DCP Sand Hills Pipeline, LLC (DCP), SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted an intensive archaeological survey of portions of the proposed Sand Hills Loop Phase I Pipeline in Reagan and Crockett counties, Texas. Approximately 26 miles of the pipeline (“project”) crosses through land owned by the University of Texas (UT). The majority of the proposed alignment has been previously investigated by Turpin and Sons, Inc. in 2011. As such, only portions of the alignment that deviate outside the 2011 survey corridor were investigated, as well as portions which cross or are adjacent to (within 300 feet) sites that …


Intensive Cultural Resources Survey For The Shell Connection Project Loving County, Texas, Ben Fullerton Jan 2017

Intensive Cultural Resources Survey For The Shell Connection Project Loving County, Texas, Ben Fullerton

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

EnLink Midstream contracted with HDR Engineering, Inc. (HDR) to conduct an intensive cultural resources survey for the Shell Connection Project. The proposed project consists of the construction of approximately nine miles (14.5 kilometers [km]) of pipeline within a 150-foot (ft) (45.7-meter [m]) wide right-of-way (ROW), extending from the Shell University Compressor Station to the Lobo II Plant, in Loving County, Texas. The southern approximate 4.3 miles (6.9 km) of the proposed pipeline falls within Texas public university lands (University Lands) owned by the State of Texas. Therefore, the proposed developments on University Lands are required to be in compliance with …


Intensive Archeological Survey Of Fm 1488 From Existing Fm 1488 West Of Magnolia To Proposed Sh 249 Montgomery County, Texas, Brett Lang Jan 2017

Intensive Archeological Survey Of Fm 1488 From Existing Fm 1488 West Of Magnolia To Proposed Sh 249 Montgomery County, Texas, Brett Lang

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Houston District of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) proposes to construct a new roadway on primarily undeveloped land around the north side of the City of Magnolia in Montgomery County, Texas. The proposed roadway will be the Farm-to-Market (FM) 1488 Magnolia Relief Route extending from the existing FM 1488 west of Magnolia to the proposed State Highway (SH) 249 east of Magnolia. The proposed project would be approximately 5.4 miles (8.7 kilometers) in length. The proposed roadway will consist of four lanes, two in each direction, separated by a median. This project will also include grade-separated overpasses at …


Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of Proposed Improvements To Farm-To-Market Road 16 From 4.0 Miles West Of Farm-To-Market Road 849, East To United States Highway 69, Smith County, Texas, Dan Rodriguez, Mary Rodriguez, Brandon S. Young Jan 2017

Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of Proposed Improvements To Farm-To-Market Road 16 From 4.0 Miles West Of Farm-To-Market Road 849, East To United States Highway 69, Smith County, Texas, Dan Rodriguez, Mary Rodriguez, Brandon S. Young

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

At the request of Arredondo, Zepeda, & Brunz, LLC (ABZ), and on behalf of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Tyler District, SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted an intensive cultural resources survey of proposed improvements (i.e., widening the existing two-lane road) to approximately 23,232.08 linear feet (4.4 miles) of Farm-to-Market Road (FM) 16 from 4.0 miles west of FM 849 east to U.S. Highway 69 (US 69) in Lindale, Smith County, Texas (CSJ: 0522-04-032). The project would consist of widening FM 16 within existing and proposed right-of-way (ROW). The proposed project includes approximately 39.1 acres of existing FM 16 ROW, …


Archeological Survey Of The Fm 723 Expansion Project From Avenue D To Fm 1093, Fort Bend County, Texas, Bruce A. Darnell, Julian A. Sitters, Heath Bentley, Amma Terra Jan 2017

Archeological Survey Of The Fm 723 Expansion Project From Avenue D To Fm 1093, Fort Bend County, Texas, Bruce A. Darnell, Julian A. Sitters, Heath Bentley, Amma Terra

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In June 2015, AmaTerra Environmental, Inc. began an intensive archeological survey for the Farm-toMarket (FM) 723 expansion project, north of the City of Rosenberg, Fort Bend County, Texas (CSJ# 0188-09-040). Work was delayed due to a lack of right-of-entry (ROE) into portions of the project area. After ROE was granted, archaeological survey was completed in late August of 2017. The total project length is approximately 9.3 miles, or about 228.11 acres, of which 97.9 acres are proposed new Rightof-Way (ROW). AmaTerra conducted the archeological survey under Texas Antiquities Permit No. 7293.

Archeological investigations consisted of a pedestrian survey, the manual …


Archaeological Survey For The State Highway 36 Expansion Project In Austin And Fort Bend Counties, Texas, Charles E. Bludau Jan 2017

Archaeological Survey For The State Highway 36 Expansion Project In Austin And Fort Bend Counties, Texas, Charles E. Bludau

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In June 2015, HRA Gray & Pape, LLC., of Houston, Texas, at the request of HNTB Corporation, conducted intensive pedestrian archaeological investigations within approximately 24 kilometers (14.7 miles) of property proposed for the expansion of the State Highway 36 corridor between Highway 90 and Farm-to-Market Road 1952 in Fort Bend and Austin Counties, Texas. The Texas Department of Transportation has been identified as the Lead Agency for this project. Work for this project will be completed as part of the Texas Department of Transportation Project CSJ Numbers 0187-05-049 and 0187- 04-029 by the Houston and Yoakum Districts.

The goals of …


Intensive Archeological Survey For Proposed City Of Muleshoe Sanitary Landfill, Bailey County, Texas, Haley Rush, Rebecca Schultz, David Sandrock Jan 2017

Intensive Archeological Survey For Proposed City Of Muleshoe Sanitary Landfill, Bailey County, Texas, Haley Rush, Rebecca Schultz, David Sandrock

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Muleshoe, Texas, proposes to expand an existing municipal landfill by adding a permit area to the south of the existing landfill. The existing city landfill and the proposed expansion are located in northwestern Bailey County, Texas just southeast of the City of Muleshoe.

In October 2017, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within the footprint of the landfill expansion area. The archeological area of potential effects (APE) is defined as the entire 60-acre (24.28-hectare) parcel where the landfill is planned. The APE is located in an undeveloped parcel immediately …


Intensive Archaeological Survey For The Lake Leon Dam Improvements Project, Megan Koszarek, Kristin Morgan Jan 2017

Intensive Archaeological Survey For The Lake Leon Dam Improvements Project, Megan Koszarek, Kristin Morgan

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Eastland County Water Supply District has contracted with HDR Engineering, Inc. (HDR) to conduct an intensive archaeological survey in advance of the proposed improvements to the Lake Leon Dam in Eastland County, Texas (Figure 1). The Area of Potential Effects (APE) includes an approximately 6-acre emergency spillway area located east of Farm-to-Market Road (FM) 2461, approximately 400 feet (ft; 122 meters [m]) south of its intersection with County Road (CR) 569, in Eastland County, Texas. Correspondence with the Texas Historical Commission (THC) recommended that a survey be conducted within the emergency spillway area on the east side of FM 2461, …


Report On The Cultural Resource Investigations For The Abilene Regional Airport, Taylor County, Texas, Gregg Cestaro, Elizabeth Porterfield, Josh Haefner Jan 2017

Report On The Cultural Resource Investigations For The Abilene Regional Airport, Taylor County, Texas, Gregg Cestaro, Elizabeth Porterfield, Josh Haefner

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Pursuant to the Texas Historical Commission’s (THC’s) recommendation regarding the City of Abilene’s compliance responsibilities for the Abilene Regional Airport (Attachment A: letter, William Martin to Ryan Mountain, October 21, 2016), Hicks & Company archeologists, working on behalf of the City of Abilene (the City), conducted a 100-percent archeology survey for the proposed Abilene Regional Airport located along State Highway 322 and Navajo Circle (Figure 1). A Hicks & Company historian also conducted a desktop review of previously identified or designated historic resources and a National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) evaluation of existing historic-age resources within the project area …


Testing And Data Recovery Excavations At Prehistoric Occupation Site 41hr1114, Harris County, Texas, David Driver, Roger G. Moore, H. Blaine Ensor, Charles Frederick Jan 2017

Testing And Data Recovery Excavations At Prehistoric Occupation Site 41hr1114, Harris County, Texas, David Driver, Roger G. Moore, H. Blaine Ensor, Charles Frederick

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This report documents the National Register significance testing and data recovery investigations conducted from February 27-March 15, 2012 (testing), and June 11-25, 2012 (data recovery), at the site of 41HR1114 by Moore Archeological Consulting, Inc. The site is located just west of Lower Mayde Creek, in west Harris County, Texas. The site had been first located during a February, 2012 survey conducted by Moore Archeological Consulting, Inc. in preparation for a proposed extension of the Park Row Boulevard Right-of-Way (Moore and Driver 2012). The survey alignment was privately owned at the time of the survey, and therefore, neither the Antiquities …


Intensive Archaeological Survey For The City Of Midland Water Pollution Control Plant Rehabilitation Project, Melanie Johnson, Diana Garnett, Kristin Morgan Jan 2017

Intensive Archaeological Survey For The City Of Midland Water Pollution Control Plant Rehabilitation Project, Melanie Johnson, Diana Garnett, Kristin Morgan

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The City of Midland is proposing to install a new 12-inch (in; 30.5-centimeter [cm]) water pipeline at the Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP) located south of the intersection of IH 20 and Farm-to-Market (FM) 307 on the east side of the City of Midland in Midland County, Texas (Figure 1-1). This pipeline installation is part of the 2017 WPCP Rehabilitation Project. In advance of the proposed project, the City of Midland contracted HDR, Inc. (HDR) to conduct an intensive archaeological survey of the project area in order to be in compliance with Chapter 191 of the Texas Natural Resources Code, …


Archeological Investigations At The Old Pecos Cemetery (41rv127), Reeves County, Texas, Amy M. Goldstein, Rachel Feit Jan 2017

Archeological Investigations At The Old Pecos Cemetery (41rv127), Reeves County, Texas, Amy M. Goldstein, Rachel Feit

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This report summarizes the results of archeological and historical investigations for the Old Pecos Cemetery in Pecos City, Reeves County, Texas. Colgate Energy plans to purchase the area around the cemetery and construct oil and gas facilities on that property. The Old Pecos Cemetery contains graves interred from 1881 to around 1910. It occupies an area of about 0.33 acres and is known to contain many unmarked burials. Colgate Energy hired AmaTerra in August 2017 to investigate outside the fenced limits of the cemetery, to determine whether any unmarked graves are located outside it, and if so, determine the extent …


2015 Ground-Penetrating Radar Survey At The Alamo, Bexar County, Texas, Tiffany Osburn Jan 2017

2015 Ground-Penetrating Radar Survey At The Alamo, Bexar County, Texas, Tiffany Osburn

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

A ground-penetrating radar (GPR) investigation was conducted by members of the Archeology Division of the Texas Historical Commission at the Alamo Mission in San Antonio, Texas on December 2, 2015. The purpose of the survey was to determine whether GPR is a suitable technology for mapping subsurface features on the site in advance of future archeological investigations or development. Nine separate GPR grids were surveyed to provide a broad sample of the areas that may retain buried historical features. The General Land Office of Texas owns and manages the Alamo. In compliance with the Antiquities Code of Texas, the work …


Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The Tnmp Worsham To Wickett Transmission Line Improvements Project, Melanie Johnson, Ann Keen Jan 2017

Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The Tnmp Worsham To Wickett Transmission Line Improvements Project, Melanie Johnson, Ann Keen

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Texas and New Mexico Power Company (TNMP) is proposing to rebuild a 69 kV transmission line from the Worsham substation to the Wickett substation consisting of approximately 28 miles (mi; 45 kilometers [km]) of line in Ward and Reeves counties, Texas. In advance of the proposed project, TNMP contracted HDR, Inc. (HDR) to conduct a cultural resources survey of the portion of the project that crosses land owned by the University of Texas under the Antiquities Code of Texas (13 Texas Administrative Code [TAC] 26.12)

The Area of Potential Effects (APE) included the 100-foot (ft; 30.5 meter [m])) wide …


Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The Proposed Bagdad Road At County Road 278 Improvements Project, Williamson County, Texas, Mercedes C. Cody, Christina Nielsen, Victoria Myers Jan 2017

Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The Proposed Bagdad Road At County Road 278 Improvements Project, Williamson County, Texas, Mercedes C. Cody, Christina Nielsen, Victoria Myers

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

At the request of Lockwood, Andrews & Newnam, Inc., and on behalf of Williamson County, Texas, SWCA Environmental Consultants conducted an intensive cultural resources survey of the proposed approximately 4,500-foot-long (1371.6 meters [m]) Bagdad Road (County Road [CR] 279) Improvements Project extending 1,000 feet (304.8 m) north and south of CR 278 and 2,500 feet (762.0 m) west-southwest of CR 278 in western Williamson County, Texas. The project area is located between the communities of Liberty Hill and Leander along the intersection of CR 279, also known as Bagdad Road, and CR 278. Since the project involves lands that will …


An Archaeological Survey For The Brazos Valley Solid Waste Management Agency, Inc. East Expansion Project In Grimes County, Texas, Edward P. Baxter Jan 2017

An Archaeological Survey For The Brazos Valley Solid Waste Management Agency, Inc. East Expansion Project In Grimes County, Texas, Edward P. Baxter

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

An archaeological survey of the proposed 362 acre (146 hectares) Brazos Valley Solid Waste Management Agency, Inc. (BVSWMA, Inc.) East Expansion Project, in Grimes County, Texas was performed by Ed Baxter Consulting in April, May, June and July of 2017. Edward P. Baxter was the Principal Investigator and the Project Archaeologist. The survey took a total of ten man days in the field. This study was completed under Texas Antiquities Committee Permit Number 7987. The project area was investigated using the pedestrian survey method supported by shovel testing. In all, the project area surveyed consisted of 294 acres (119 hectares) …