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2022

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Articles 7441 - 7470 of 20727

Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Design Elements In Data Physicalization: A Systematic Literature Review, Žarko Dumičić, Katja Thoring, Hermann W. Klöckner, Gesche Joost Jun 2022

Design Elements In Data Physicalization: A Systematic Literature Review, Žarko Dumičić, Katja Thoring, Hermann W. Klöckner, Gesche Joost

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Data physicalization is a growing research field that focuses on data representation and communication through the geometry or materials of physical objects. As part of this paper, we aim to contribute to the design-centric physicalization research by presenting a systematic literature review on the topic. We have identified and included 163 published and peer-reviewed conference papers and journal articles with primary data on physicalization artifacts. We have analyzed the sources from the point of view of conceptual and practical design elements. The results provide an insight into the state-of-the art research on design elements in data physicalization. This review is …


Teixint Superilles: A Grassroots Project Of Participatory Design For Inclusive Public Spaces, Clément Rames, Mireia Lozano Carbassé, Lea Karrasch, Roger Guilemany Casas Jun 2022

Teixint Superilles: A Grassroots Project Of Participatory Design For Inclusive Public Spaces, Clément Rames, Mireia Lozano Carbassé, Lea Karrasch, Roger Guilemany Casas

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper presents the Teixint Superilles project which developed participatory design activities to create more inclusive public space. Our hypothesis was that when citizens have the opportunity to participate in placemaking activities, they gain not only greater awareness of their environment, but also a sense of agency over their city. Through a series of workshops, we have been experimenting with diverse methodologies for civic participation while confronting a wide range of participants with topics of gender, functional diversity, cross-generational inclusivity, and sustainability. We facilitated workshops in three different environments, thus reaching a wide range of participants: a public park, a …


Reframing Homelessness, Danielle Arets, Jessy De Cooker, Vera Boonman, Lia Van Doorn, Manon Van Hoeckel, Marleen Van Der Kolk Jun 2022

Reframing Homelessness, Danielle Arets, Jessy De Cooker, Vera Boonman, Lia Van Doorn, Manon Van Hoeckel, Marleen Van Der Kolk

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The persistent negative framing surrounding homelessness in the Netherlands hinders constructive policymaking and has a damaging effect on the self-esteem of the young homeless (van Steenbergen, 2020). So far, no strategies have been developed to think beyond this persistent framing. In the design research trajectories Bouwdepot [building depot] & Beelddepot [image depot] journalism researchers, design researchers, social researchers, policymakers, and formerly homeless young adults, co-designed methods to develop new ways of representing homelessness. Utilizing Frame Innovation (Dorst, 2015), we co-designed and reimagined solutions going forward including the perspectives of policymakers, journalists, and people with lived experiences in homelessness. We have …


What Legal Design Is As Opposed To Could/Should Be, Sankalp Bhatnagar Jun 2022

What Legal Design Is As Opposed To Could/Should Be, Sankalp Bhatnagar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

How come legal designers keep relying on design things that make change appear possible when we know that legal things are more reliable at making change actually possible? We argue for an understanding of what legal design is as opposed to could / should be in terms of actual change (sensed as changes of a world) and the appearance of change (sensed as changed in the world). We describe what things and background practices are and do, what design things and legal things are and do, and what designers and lawyers or judges are and tend to do. We conclude …


Organizational Learning Through Collaborative Project-Based Service Design Course: The Flip Side Of The Coin, Suzan Boztepe Jun 2022

Organizational Learning Through Collaborative Project-Based Service Design Course: The Flip Side Of The Coin, Suzan Boztepe

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Collaborating with public or private sector organizations in project-based courses equips design students with key skills to future-proof their careers, but this gives only one side of the story as the key feature of these partnerships is that they are mutualistic collaborations. However, the benefits to organizations of collaborating are not fully explored. This paper presents a case study of partnerships with four different public organizations in a service design course over a five-year period. It argues that collaborating in project-based courses serves as risk-free experimentation and paves the way for organizational learning. The paper first reviews the existing research …


Redefining The Structure: A Design For Remote Studio Learning, Suzanne E. Martin Jun 2022

Redefining The Structure: A Design For Remote Studio Learning, Suzanne E. Martin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Paula Antonelli stated that it was up to designers to teach the world how to use them well. Taking a change-led, research-led perspective on design learning, could encourage future designers “to exercise the acute critical sense that comes from their analytical training in order to help other citizens slow down, stop, reassess, and continue or change course.” (Antonelli, 2019). The sector, and discipline, has a propensity toward disaggregation, to operate as silos that are defined by their distinction. This paper sets out and discusses a Design Case, a Restorative Learning Thing, as an model for how remote design studio learning …


Improving Our Understanding Of User Trial Samples Using Survey Data, Anya Petyaeva, Joy Goodman-Deane, Mike Bradley, Sam Waller, John Clarkson Jun 2022

Improving Our Understanding Of User Trial Samples Using Survey Data, Anya Petyaeva, Joy Goodman-Deane, Mike Bradley, Sam Waller, John Clarkson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

User trials provide valuable information on how users respond to interfaces in practice. However, it can be hard to ensure a representative sample. We propose a methodology to improve the understanding of the sample’s skew and to identify the characteristics of those who are missing. This can improve the interpretation of results and inform further recruitment to improve the sample. The methodology involves comparing samples with survey data from the UK population on technology experience, competence and attitudes. We provide a case study of this methodology in practice. 30 participants were recruited using quota sampling with significant effort to obtain …


Project Proximities: A Meta Review Of How Design Addresses Distance In Complex Collaborations, Rosie Hornbuckle Jun 2022

Project Proximities: A Meta Review Of How Design Addresses Distance In Complex Collaborations, Rosie Hornbuckle

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Complex collaborations involving multiple disciplines and stakeholders are seen as necessary in the pursuit of transformative innovation. Yet these ‘systemic’ science & technology-led projects pose a challenge for knowledge exchange, co-creation and co-operation. Design research teams brought in, often to work on tangible outcomes, are faced with chasms between the understanding of diverse actors. From this problematization of distances in complex collaboration, a new design research practice has emerged: 'translational design practice' (Page & John 2019). This paper builds on this concept through a ‘meta’ level review of the design research approaches in three European publicly-funded consortium projects to address …


Arabic Type In Urban Environments: A Graphic Heritage, Shaima Elbardawil Jun 2022

Arabic Type In Urban Environments: A Graphic Heritage, Shaima Elbardawil

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design as a cultural object can contribute to the design of heritage in various ways. This study investigates the meaning of heritage and graphic design in relation to culture and communication. It discusses cultural heritage in Arab states with reference to Arabic type and introduces Naskh-style typefaces in wayfinding systems and signage as a graphic urban heritage. This is done using a framework for analyzing urban graphic heritage alongside empirical field study from the United Arab Emirates and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The study reveals that graphic design provides a unique framework toward understanding the role of typographic …


Secret Dance And Bring Light: Enhancing User Autonomy With Directional Ambiguity In Positive Emotion Regulation Interventions, Jeremy Faulk, Oluwanifemi Oluwadairo, Jungkyoon Yoon Jun 2022

Secret Dance And Bring Light: Enhancing User Autonomy With Directional Ambiguity In Positive Emotion Regulation Interventions, Jeremy Faulk, Oluwanifemi Oluwadairo, Jungkyoon Yoon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This case study summarizes the development of a self-administered behavioral inter-vention for positive emotion regulation (PER) that gives users the freedom to choose their own positive behaviors. In contrast to the predominant practice of prescribing pos-itive behaviors (e.g., “keep a gratitude journal”), we explore whether – and how – open-ended instructions could permit users to self-select such behaviors themselves. Employ-ing a research-through-design approach over 4 iterations, our interventions utilize am-biguous prompts (e.g., ‘secret dance’ and ‘bring light’) intended to inspire users to first envision and then perform self-selected positive behaviors during their day-to-day lives. The authors engage in self-reflective exercises …


Functional And Sensible: Patient Monitoring Alarm Tones Designed With Those Who Hear Them, Avery Sen, Yoko Sen, Matt Barile, Sage Palmedo, Andreas Walden, Vitor Vicente Antunes Jun 2022

Functional And Sensible: Patient Monitoring Alarm Tones Designed With Those Who Hear Them, Avery Sen, Yoko Sen, Matt Barile, Sage Palmedo, Andreas Walden, Vitor Vicente Antunes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This is a case study in participatory design of alarm tones for the Philips IntelliVue patient monitoring system. Through interviews and workshops, we asked clinicians and other stakeholders what mattered to them as we designed new tones. We distilled responses into criteria with which to evaluate new tone options that we created by adjusting the tones’ pitch, timbre, and other parameters. In surveys, participants compared these options using the criteria distilled from interviews. The results were: 1) new tones that stakeholders judged to be improvements over the originals, and 2) criteria for evaluating future tones, based on “functionality” (i.e., their …


Restrategizing For The Post-Pandemic Era: Service Design For Digital Transformation In The Art And Cultural Sector, Anu Norrgrann, Miia Lammi, Srushti Shah Jun 2022

Restrategizing For The Post-Pandemic Era: Service Design For Digital Transformation In The Art And Cultural Sector, Anu Norrgrann, Miia Lammi, Srushti Shah

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores the challenges of entrepreneurs and organisations within the art and cultural fields in meeting the challenges of digital transformation. Drawing on a multidisciplinary conceptual framework, and a qualitative empirical investigation comprising four case studies, which illuminate how cultural field organisations and entrepreneurs have adapted to the market disruption caused by the Covid19-pandemic through digital service innovation means, we propose a model for a four stage service design programme, which links design methods as concrete development tools for assisting companies develop innovative digital services and restrategise in post-pandemic markets.


Liberatory Legal Design And Radical Imagination, Hallie Jay Pope Jun 2022

Liberatory Legal Design And Radical Imagination, Hallie Jay Pope

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper briefly summarizes the concept of radical imagination, urges legal designers, advocates, and organizers to engage in radical imagination whenever confronting problems of subordination, and suggests a practical, playful method for doing so.


The Evolution Of Inclusive Design: A First Timeline Review Of Narratives And Milestones Of Design For Disability, Luka Kille-Speckter, Farnaz Nickpour Jun 2022

The Evolution Of Inclusive Design: A First Timeline Review Of Narratives And Milestones Of Design For Disability, Luka Kille-Speckter, Farnaz Nickpour

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper sets out to critically review the history of Inclusive Design on two distinct levels, i.e. the narratives that shape it and the historical milestones which contribute to its evolution. Through an illustrative review of literature and object ethnography, two sets of timelines are outlined. First, a milestone timeline helps establish the chronological evolution of Inclusive Design based on historical milestones and sociocultural perspectives. Second, a narrative timeline helps uncover the underlying narratives around matters of disability, design and inclusivity, and how they evolved. Though identifying historical and emerging shifts in mentality, the timeline review of narratives and milestones …


Designing Data Interaction In Exhibitions Contexts, Lorenza Abbate, Cristina Marino Jun 2022

Designing Data Interaction In Exhibitions Contexts, Lorenza Abbate, Cristina Marino

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Nowadays, the primary purpose of information representation is to support users in understanding complex phenomena. Avoiding the 'black hole between data and knowledge" means research tools and methods that help people experience and benefit from this data. Through the analysis of case studies, the contribution aims to provide an overview of existing data visualization and physicalization techniques that enable participatory processes with users. This contribution focuses on interactive data visualizations, particularly on installations in museums, exhibitions or events that involve the user in an active and participatory way. These types of activities offer a simple but effective way to make …


Social Design As Normative Inquiry, Patrycja Kaszynska Jun 2022

Social Design As Normative Inquiry, Patrycja Kaszynska

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper gives a stipulative definition of social design. It argues that there is a distinctive field of design practice, and design practice research that can be labelled ‘social design’ but that this distinctiveness cannot be spelled out directly in terms of the relation between design and the social, which has been the dominant view up till now. Rather, social design is defined in terms of the kind of knowledge production that it is – as a form of situational normative inquiry. This means that it is conducted empirically by responding to problems identified in specific situations and according to …


Designing Proximity With Situated Stakeholders, Davide Fassi, Francesco Vergani Jun 2022

Designing Proximity With Situated Stakeholders, Davide Fassi, Francesco Vergani

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Neighborhoods are becoming laboratories to test new ways to design the cities to solve social, environmental and cultural issues affecting global cities. The car-centered urban planning experienced in the 20th century has fostered researchers and practitioners to explore more the theme of livability and proximity. To trigger the blossoming of these models, a participatory process involving proactive networks of situated stakeholders is needed. This paper shows how competences from the academic realm can effectively boost civic awareness on the role that situated stakeholders have in producing solutions for their own wellbeing. It highlights a process enacted by the XX Lab …


Designing With Theories: Producing Legal Design Diffractively In Courts Of Justice, Joaquin Santuber, Jonathan A. Edelman Jun 2022

Designing With Theories: Producing Legal Design Diffractively In Courts Of Justice, Joaquin Santuber, Jonathan A. Edelman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper proposes Designing with Theories as an invitation to approach Legal De-sign practices and studies differently. We take advantage of a rich and diverse theoretical tradition that allows us to expand the applications and impact of Legal Design. Building on diffraction as a methodology, we articulate this invitation by suggesting seven theories and approaches to designing for justice differently. In a generative and provocative style, we ask seven times the question “what if we design for justice from X theory?”. For each theory, we provide the main assumptions, followed by sense-making with examples from a case study on Chilean …


The State Of Inclusive And Human-Centred Design In Oral Healthcare, Isobel Leason, Farnaz Nickpour Jun 2022

The State Of Inclusive And Human-Centred Design In Oral Healthcare, Isobel Leason, Farnaz Nickpour

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is an increasing body of work that explores the potential of inclusive and human-centred design to address challenges to our societies’ healthcare. However, there is limited evidence of the utilisation and understanding of these approaches specifically in oral healthcare. This paper reviews the state of inclusive and human-centred design in oral healthcare. A systematic mapping study is used to identify 50 projects relevant to inclusive and human-centred design in oral healthcare. The data extracted from each project helps to examine the nature of inclusive and human-centred design in oral healthcare, reflect on who is being designed for and with, …


Designing A Tangible Augmented Reality Experience For Cultural Heritage Research, Anitha Nathan, Daniella Kalinda, Lucas Hrynyshyn, Ellen Reade, Ravit David, Ali Mazalek Jun 2022

Designing A Tangible Augmented Reality Experience For Cultural Heritage Research, Anitha Nathan, Daniella Kalinda, Lucas Hrynyshyn, Ellen Reade, Ravit David, Ali Mazalek

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Tangible Augmented Reality Archives (TARA) is an augmented reality system developed to assist cultural heritage researchers in remotely collecting and assessing information on rare artifacts. Building on prior research, we designed TARA to address challenges faced by cultural heritage researchers, including limited access to collections, as well as the time and budget constraints associated with archival visits. In this paper, we examine the use of augmented reality to advance cultural heritage research, and describe a series of design explorations that explore tangible interactions with remote cultural heritage artifacts. These include a three-dimensional cube design, a two-dimensional prop design and …


Designing Appropriate Things: An Experiential Perspective On The Effectiveness Of Artefacts In Contributing To Behaviour Change, Thomas Van Arkel, Nynke Tromp Jun 2022

Designing Appropriate Things: An Experiential Perspective On The Effectiveness Of Artefacts In Contributing To Behaviour Change, Thomas Van Arkel, Nynke Tromp

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Behavioural design is an emergent discipline that aims to harness design’s influence on behaviour in an intentional way. However, there is limited knowledge on how to translate knowledge on behaviour and its determinants to specific design properties in ways that can maintain such change. We adopt a user experiential view to discuss the role that artefacts and their materiality play in effectively changing behaviour by introducing the notion of appropriateness, a quality of user-artefact interaction that describes the fitness of an artefact to the user and context that may play a moderating role in effectiveness of a design intervention in …


Decolonizing Cultural Safety Education In The Healthcare System Through Cultural Immersion In Indigenous Knowledge Sharing & Material Practice, Marlene Erickson, Darlene Mcintosh, Brenda Crabtree, Connie Watts, Zoe Laycock, Nicole Preissl, Nadia Beyzaei, Jean Chisholm, Caylee Raber, Sari Raber Jun 2022

Decolonizing Cultural Safety Education In The Healthcare System Through Cultural Immersion In Indigenous Knowledge Sharing & Material Practice, Marlene Erickson, Darlene Mcintosh, Brenda Crabtree, Connie Watts, Zoe Laycock, Nicole Preissl, Nadia Beyzaei, Jean Chisholm, Caylee Raber, Sari Raber

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This project explores Indigenous-led arts and material practice workshops as a form of cultural safety education by fostering dialogue between non-Indigenous healthcare students and Indigenous students in the Lheidli T’enneh Territory (Prince George, Canada). Uniquely, this project is led by an art and design university, and combines Indigenous and designerly ways of knowing to consider an approach to cultural safety education that is not solely focused on the healthcare student or practitioner as the learner, but includes the community as key contributors to the learning experience. Core to the workshop model is the combination of sharing Indigenous histories and the …


Performative Modes Of Inquiry As Everyday Theatre, Maria Foverskov Jun 2022

Performative Modes Of Inquiry As Everyday Theatre, Maria Foverskov

DRS Biennial Conference Series

I aim to strengthen Social Design inquiries by introducing lenses from Performance Studies and Design Anthropology for acquiring better understandings of how social designers navigate performative processes of practice research. I draw upon experiences in co-producing performative modes of inquiries as an everyday theatre. A design research project supporting citizens, public and private partners in different ways in which communities of senior citizens could be supported in organizing and meeting up for social and outdoor exercise activities on an ad-hoc basis. I show how knowledges is bodily co-produced and performed through multiple partners co-scripting the performance of an everyday theatre, …


Design As A Practice Of Care: Feminist Perspectives On Preventing Harm And Promoting Healing Through Design, Alison Place Jun 2022

Design As A Practice Of Care: Feminist Perspectives On Preventing Harm And Promoting Healing Through Design, Alison Place

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design as a discipline has traditionally positioned itself as an enterprise in service to capitalism, perpetuating the domination of wealth and the exploitation of la-bor and resources, but recent discourse in the field has increasingly raised ques-tions around design's social and environmental impact. These discourses typically address themes of inclusion, sustainability and ethics, but some have gone fur-ther to explore the potential for care to play a role in the design process. More than ever, an interrogation of the connection between design and care is need-ed, as issues such as climate change, social inequality, global pandemics and ag-ing populations require …


(Anti)Dialogical Reflection Cards: Politicizing Design Education Through Paulo Freire's Critical Pedagogy, Marco Mazzarotto, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa Jun 2022

(Anti)Dialogical Reflection Cards: Politicizing Design Education Through Paulo Freire's Critical Pedagogy, Marco Mazzarotto, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Paulo Freire's critical pedagogy can contribute to politicize design reflection and practice, promoting a praxis aimed at unveiling systems of oppression and producing transformative interventions. Freire helps us reflect on why and for whom we design and provokes us to question design processes as anti-dialogic, reinforcing oppressions; or dialogic, promoting alliances with the oppressed in the struggle to overcome oppressive situations. To help designers critically debate and appropriate these practices and concepts, we propose an educational material composed of 16 reflective cards based on Freire's critical pedagogy. Throughout this paper, we present the theoretical-practical basis that brings Freire and Design …


A More-Than-Human Right-To-Repair, Michael Stead, Paul Coulton Jun 2022

A More-Than-Human Right-To-Repair, Michael Stead, Paul Coulton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Whilst the recent introduction of the Right-to-Repair to European citizens is undoubtedly a step forward in tackling planned obsolescence, and the resultant deluge of electronic product waste – the efficacy of this new legislation is reliant on consumers availing themselves of this right. Given that repairing and maintaining devices will often require specialist knowledge and skills, it is difficult to assess how effective this right may prove to be in practice. To address this concern, we draw from the expanding infusion of datafication and Artificial Intelligence into everyday products and services via the Internet of Things to consider alternative futures …


Weaving Design As A Practice Of Freedom: Critical Pedagogy In An Insurgent Network, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa, Frederick M.C. Van Amstel, Marco Mazzarotto, Ricardo Artur Carvalho, Rodrigo Freese Gonzatto, Sâmia Batista E Silva, Yasmin Da Silva Menezes Jun 2022

Weaving Design As A Practice Of Freedom: Critical Pedagogy In An Insurgent Network, Bibiana Oliveira Serpa, Frederick M.C. Van Amstel, Marco Mazzarotto, Ricardo Artur Carvalho, Rodrigo Freese Gonzatto, Sâmia Batista E Silva, Yasmin Da Silva Menezes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design can be both a practice of freedom or a practice of oppression, depending on who designs and whose intentions are prioritized. When this practice underestimates, excludes, disrespects, or deceives people who are part of oppressed groups, it intensifies oppression. Design as a practice of freedom takes more than a new design method. It requires the union of the oppressed. This paper describes the weaving of the Design & Oppression network, which responded to the growth of political authoritarianism and naive consciousness in design. The network's goal is to establish bonds of solidarity between all struggles against oppression that cut …


Positioning Design In Transdisciplinary Collaborations: Experiences From A Smart City Consortium Project, Anouk Geenen, Deger Özkaramanli, Julieta Matos-Castaño, Mascha Van Der Voort Jun 2022

Positioning Design In Transdisciplinary Collaborations: Experiences From A Smart City Consortium Project, Anouk Geenen, Deger Özkaramanli, Julieta Matos-Castaño, Mascha Van Der Voort

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores the positioning of design in transdisciplinary collaborations. Design is increasingly positioned as a promising way of working in complex, multi-stakeholder collaborations. In this paper, we want to deepen and challenge this positioning in order to better clarify the contribution of design. Building on literature and experiences from an ongoing consortium-type research project in the context of smart cities, we concep-tualize five preliminary roles that design adopts in collaborative settings: (1) generator; (2) communicator; (3) facilitator; (4) mediator and (5) provocateur. We argue that the latter two roles, namely the mediator and provocateur, are the most recent and …


Towards An Object-Oriented Design Ontology, Avsar Gurpinar Jun 2022

Towards An Object-Oriented Design Ontology, Avsar Gurpinar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Object-oriented ontology, speculative realism, new materialism, and similar contemporary philosophies, proposing alternative theories to understand the world and relations within, became more prevalent and effective in the last two decades. However, expect several solitary examples; these do not seem to be having a transformative effect on design disciplines, theory, and practices. This paper initially introduces primary theorisations of object-oriented thinking and how these theories would inform design thinking, education, theory and practice. The author argues that this is not, by no means, an option or alternative, but is a necessity, an urging fundamental transformation waiting to happen, considering the current …


Listening Tests For Sound Design: Faster Optimization Through Lower-Dimensional Parameter Spaces, Tom Barker, Joana Vieira, Frederico Pereira, Rui Marques, Guilherme Campos Jun 2022

Listening Tests For Sound Design: Faster Optimization Through Lower-Dimensional Parameter Spaces, Tom Barker, Joana Vieira, Frederico Pereira, Rui Marques, Guilherme Campos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Listening tests are often an essential part of sound design but can be resource intensive to carry out. Where there are many degrees of freedom in the sound design parameters, the ‘curse of dimensionality’, means that the number of trials required to reliably understand the impact of a particular design variable increases exponentially with increasing number of parameters. When there is a particular design goal in mind (e.g. maximum audibility, pleasantness, etc.) this can be somewhat mitigated by using efficient optimisation techniques with online sound generation during listening tests -- whereby a black box optimiser iteratively moves the parameters towards …