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2022

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Articles 20221 - 20250 of 20690

Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Bacterial Community Structures And Species Delimitation Of Five-Armed Luidia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Michelle D. Shilling Jan 2022

Bacterial Community Structures And Species Delimitation Of Five-Armed Luidia In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Michelle D. Shilling

All ETDs from UAB

Luidia spp. (Family Luidiidae) are important predators in the benthic food web and are abundant in near-shore, shallow soft-bottom habitats throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico. Climate change-related environmental changes, such as ocean warming and acidification, are rapidly intensifying in this region and can have consequences for species diversity as well as individual sea star health through modification of host-associated bacterial communities. Our knowledge of sea star-associated bacterial community structure and dynamics is limited and conflicting genetic evidence has called into question the accuracy of species delimitation of five-armed Luidia in the northern GOM. The primary purpose of this dissertation …

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Promoting The Safe Mobility Of Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Austin M. Svancara Jan 2022

Promoting The Safe Mobility Of Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Austin M. Svancara

All ETDs from UAB

Having access to adequate transportation is important for employment, healthcare, and community involvement needs. Unfortunately, the transportation needs of many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are currently not being met. Despite having the capability to achieve licensure, a significant portion of high functioning individuals with ASD are delaying licensure or not getting their driver’s license at all. High functioning individuals with ASD are likely to have the capacity to operate a motor vehicle safely, supporting the proposition that there are existing barriers to licensure beyond the contributing role of ASD traits. This dissertation examined the perceived driving styles and …

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Defect Properties Determined By Photo-Induced Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy In Carbon-Doped Gallium Nitride Substrates, Subash Paudel Jan 2022

Defect Properties Determined By Photo-Induced Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy In Carbon-Doped Gallium Nitride Substrates, Subash Paudel

All ETDs from UAB

GaN is being investigated as an active material in light-emitting diodes and high electron mobility transistors. Recently, it has attracted researchers’ attention for high-power applications due to its larger bandgap and electric breakdown field compared to other well‐known semiconductors such as Si, GaAs, and SiC. High-power applications in electronic devices often require semi-insulating layers or substrates for homoepitaxial growth. However, as-grown GaN is n-type due to the presence of unintentional donors. The acceptor impurities like carbon must be added to create semi-insulating material. Although it is established that incorporating carbon impurity makes semi-insulating GaN, the defect responsible and the process …

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Magnetic Ordering In The High-Pressure Phases Of Rare Earth Elements Holmium And Dysprosium Revealed By Neutron Diffraction, Christopher S. Perreault Jan 2022

Magnetic Ordering In The High-Pressure Phases Of Rare Earth Elements Holmium And Dysprosium Revealed By Neutron Diffraction, Christopher S. Perreault

All ETDs from UAB

Neutron diffraction experiments on rare earth metals dysprosium (Dy) and holmium (Ho) have been performed to high pressure and low temperature using novel large-volume diamond anvil cells (DAC) at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Neutron diffraction is necessary to determine the magnetic structure of these materials due to the intrinsic spin property of neutrons. High pressure neutron diffraction experiments have historically been limited in the pressure and temperature range achievable due to the use of Paris-Edinburgh (PE) press, however new advances in large volume diamond anvil cells allows a much broader range of pressures …

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Sturmian Theorems, Asymptotic Behavior For Eigenvalues, And Spectral Theory For Ordinary Differential Equations With Distributional Coefficients, Minh Nguyen Jan 2022

Sturmian Theorems, Asymptotic Behavior For Eigenvalues, And Spectral Theory For Ordinary Differential Equations With Distributional Coefficients, Minh Nguyen

All ETDs from UAB

We study the theory of ordinary differential equations whose coefficients are distributions of order 0. In the first chapter of the thesis, we present some of the basic facts about the theory of distributions of order 0, the first-order ordinary differential equation with distributional coefficients, and the theory of linear relation associated with these differential equations. In the second chapter, we study the spectral theory of the first order equation with distributional coefficients. In particular, we prove that the adjoint of the minimal relation is equal to the maximal relation, which is a cornerstone for a spectral theory since it …

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Entanglement Entropy Bound And Emptiness Formation Probability Of The Xxz Spin Chain, Oluwadara Ogunkoya Jan 2022

Entanglement Entropy Bound And Emptiness Formation Probability Of The Xxz Spin Chain, Oluwadara Ogunkoya

All ETDs from UAB

The first part of this thesis covers some of the background materials that are prerequisite to doing research in many body particle problems. The definitions are given from a mathematical point of view and the proofs to most of the results were not included since they can be found in standard texts. The second part was done with Christoph Fischbacher. Here, we consider the Heisenberg XXZ spin-J chain (J ∈ N/2) with anisotropy parameter Δ. Assuming that Δ > 2J (a necessary but not sufficient condition), and introducing threshold energies EK := K (1 − 2J / Δ) , we show …

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Influencing Factors Of Child Pedestrian Safety In Parking Lots And Residential Streets, Jenni Liveoak Jan 2022

Influencing Factors Of Child Pedestrian Safety In Parking Lots And Residential Streets, Jenni Liveoak

All ETDs from UAB

There is ample data from epidemiological sources that suggest pedestrian risks to young children are a dire public health concern. However, there is very little scientific evidence to adequately understand this concern. Two observational studies revealed potential risks to young pedestrians in non-intersection locations. Both studies unobtrusively observed children between 2-10 years of age and an accompanying adult. First, 124 adult/child dyads were observed crossing from a parked vehicle to the building entrance of six local YMCA locations. Results of this study indicate that adult supervision was inadequate with over 67% of children observed to be unsupervised in the parking …

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The Integrative Systeomics Framework To Prioritize Genes And/Or Pathways In Skin Imflammation, Bharat Mishra Jan 2022

The Integrative Systeomics Framework To Prioritize Genes And/Or Pathways In Skin Imflammation, Bharat Mishra

All ETDs from UAB

The accelerated growth in sequencing technology assisted us to explore the bio-logical systems comprehensively through a top-down approach rather than the conven-tional bottom-up approach. The top-down approach is a part of systems biology that gen-erates massive data that has driven this course of investigation to decipher the system-wide genetic perturbations. To reduce the complexity of humongous datasets, the graph (network)-based techniques facilitate the easy handling, analysis, and interpretation of biological associations. Networks are the graphical representation of nodes (biomole-cules) and edges (associations/interactions). The most common biological networks are correlation-based gene co-expression network (GCN), gene regulatory network (GRN), and protein-protein interaction …

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First-Principles Modeling Of Mechanical Behavior And Thermoelectric Property Under Strain And Pressure, Chia-Min Lin Jan 2022

First-Principles Modeling Of Mechanical Behavior And Thermoelectric Property Under Strain And Pressure, Chia-Min Lin

All ETDs from UAB

Progresses in computer hardware and numerical algorithms in the past decade have made it possible to use first-principles calculations to model material properties, with the prediction results typically in good agreement with experiments. In this dissertation, density functional theory (DFT) calculations enable the studies of shear and tensile deformations. The theoretical ideal shear stress for transition metal osmium is found along the (001)[1–10] shear direction with the maximal shear stress ∼24 GPa at critical strain ∼0.13. DFT results indicated that transition metal borides ReB2 becomes more ductile with enhanced tendency towards metallic bonding under compression. The ReB2 DFT results also …

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Shifting The Narrative: Resources Promoting Positive Parenting Independent Of Abuse Risk, Samantha Gonzalez Jan 2022

Shifting The Narrative: Resources Promoting Positive Parenting Independent Of Abuse Risk, Samantha Gonzalez

All ETDs from UAB

Parenting is exceptionally influential during the first few years of children’s lives as this stage represents a sensitive developmental period. Quality of parenting is particularly important and the current empirical focus on prediction of at-risk parenting does not capture the full picture of what contributes to children’s and families’ well-being. Greater understanding of maternal and paternal positive parenting and its contributors—including a focus on potential protective factors to serve as resources—is essential to move family science more reliably toward a model of prevention of adverse outcomes rather than solely intervention. Furthermore, the field continues to be dominated by self-report methods …

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Scalable Subgraph Mining In A Big Graph, Guimu Guo Jan 2022

Scalable Subgraph Mining In A Big Graph, Guimu Guo

All ETDs from UAB

Finding from a big graph those subgraphs that satisfy certain conditions is useful in many applications such as community detection and subgraph matching. These problems have a high time complexity, but existing systems to scale them are all IO-bound in execution. We propose the first truly CPU-bound distributed framework called G-thinker that adopts a userfriendly subgraph-centric vertex-pulling API for writing distributed subgraph mining algorithms. To utilize all CPU cores of a cluster, G-thinker features (1) a highly concurrent vertex cache for parallel task access and (2) a lightweight task scheduling approach that ensures high task throughput. These designs well overlap …

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Gendering Trust In General Surgery Training: Examining The Role Of Trust Between Residents And Attendings, Alejandra Maria Colón López Jan 2022

Gendering Trust In General Surgery Training: Examining The Role Of Trust Between Residents And Attendings, Alejandra Maria Colón López

All ETDs from UAB

In medical training and throughout medical careers, women face disadvantages –especially in surgery. To better understand origins of these gender inequalities, this study examines the role of gender in surgical training, focusing on trust between faculty serving as attendings and medical residents. An environment of trust enables residents to gain handson experience and acquire practical skills during surgeries performed jointly with attendings. In this sequential explanatory mixed-methods study, 105 surgical encounters were rated utilizing the OpTrust tool, an instrument designed to measure entrustment between surgery residents and attendings. Furthermore, seventeen attendings and ten surgery residents gave in-depth interviews. Attendings’ average …

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Alternating Field Electrospinning For Fabrication Of Inorganic Nanofibers In The Al2o3-Sio2-Mgo System, W Anthony Brayer Jan 2022

Alternating Field Electrospinning For Fabrication Of Inorganic Nanofibers In The Al2o3-Sio2-Mgo System, W Anthony Brayer

All ETDs from UAB

Nanofibrous ceramics are some of the most promising nano-materials but current production methods are too expensive, too slow, and too inconsistent for applications outside of laboratory proof of concepts. The refractors, catalytic, and aerospace industries have long had an interest in these materials because of their superior thermal, physical, and chemical resistant properties. Ceramic nanofiber structures in the Al2O3-SiO2-MgO system were fabricated from polyvinyl butyral based precursor-nanofibers prepared using a novel free-surface alternating field electrospinning method (AFES). Precursor fibers were generated at rates up to 8.8 g/h and collected as 100–300 μm thick sheets suitable for direct conversion into the …

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Ecology Of The Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys Terrapin Pileata) In Alabama: Applications Of New Technologies, Forrest William Collins Jan 2022

Ecology Of The Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys Terrapin Pileata) In Alabama: Applications Of New Technologies, Forrest William Collins

All ETDs from UAB

The Diamondback Terrapin, Malaclemys terrapin pileata, inhabits saltmarshes in the Northern Gulf of Mexico including along the coast of Alabama. Due to a variety of factors, this species has declined drastically in Alabama, and it is currently designated as a “species of highest conservation concern”. Understanding the ecology of this species is a prerequisite to the recovery of this population. The current thesis addresses the reproductive and foraging ecology of the Diamondback Terrapin in Alabama. This thesis combines the use of classic ecological methodologies with modern technologies. Between April 2019 to July 2022, wild nesting females were caught at a …

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Adaptive Functioning And Academic Achievement In Survivors Of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Associations With Executive Functioning And Socioeconomic Status, Victoria C. Seghatol-Eslami Jan 2022

Adaptive Functioning And Academic Achievement In Survivors Of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Associations With Executive Functioning And Socioeconomic Status, Victoria C. Seghatol-Eslami

All ETDs from UAB

This study examined the associations of functional outcomes (adaptive functioning and academic achievement) with executive functioning and neighborhood-specific variables (area deprivation and child opportunity) and individualized education plan (IEP) support in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). From a retrospective database, 44 patients (38.6% female, 72.7% non-Hispanic White, ages 6-17) previously diagnosed with low-risk or standard-risk pre-B cell ALL and treated with chemotherapy-only were identified. Participants were evaluated on performance-based measures of executive functioning and academic achievement, and parent-ratings of executive and adaptive functioning. Within adaptive functioning, 45.5% of patients showed impairment (≥ 1 SD above the normative mean) …

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Representing Motherhood And Aging In Leonora Carrington's Bird Iconography, Claire Lesar Jan 2022

Representing Motherhood And Aging In Leonora Carrington's Bird Iconography, Claire Lesar

All ETDs from UAB

This thesis investigates the evolution of animal representations in paintings and sculptures of Leonora Carrington (1917-2011). Writings on her early Surrealist work often draw attention to Carrington’s embrace of the horse as a representation of self. However, over her extensive career, the menagerie of animals she draws from to depict herself evolves. I suggest that Carrington’s horse is more broadly significant as a narrative model that she adapts later in her career and that Carrington’s use of bird iconography emerges as a new form to symbolize other “rebirths” or periods of transition in her life, such as motherhood and aging. …

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The Ethos Of Donald Trump: Trump's Lack Of Presidential Decorum From 2016 Forward And Its Impact On American Politics, Nora M. Krall Jan 2022

The Ethos Of Donald Trump: Trump's Lack Of Presidential Decorum From 2016 Forward And Its Impact On American Politics, Nora M. Krall

All ETDs from UAB

In American politics, the concept of presidential decorum is upheld through the complexity of political and presidential rhetoric. When Donald Trump became president, he sought to break what standard decorum was in order to justify his desires as president. This breaking of decorum is complex in nature and is paired with mediatization, demagoguery, populism and collectivism, all of which are rhetorical strategies that challenge the norms within American democracy and in turn, have created a shift in what is considered presidential. Donald Trump seeks to utilize his personal ethos alongside these rhetorical methods to infiltrate multiple subsets of society, thus …

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"The Cloak Of Social Feeling": Alfred Adler's Gemeinschaftsgefuhl In Practice And Memory, Esteban T. Arnold Jan 2022

"The Cloak Of Social Feeling": Alfred Adler's Gemeinschaftsgefuhl In Practice And Memory, Esteban T. Arnold

All ETDs from UAB

This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of Alfred Adler’s concept of Gemeinschaftsgefühl (community feeling), a simple yet potent idea that started in a Viennese café and expanded far beyond it. Ideas have lives beyond that of their authors, and this thesis argues that Alfred Adler’s idea of Gemeinschaftsgefühl was pressed into the service of various social and political agendas. Adler was privately a socialist, but he never wished to see Gemeinschaftsgefühl become a tool for this or any other movement. With an idealistic worldview, Adler sought to challenge and transform the pervading medical and psychotherapeutic conceptions of …

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Adolescent Alcohol, Tobacco, And Marijuana Use And Dma Methylation In Young Adulthood, Kristina Brooke Mcmahan Jan 2022

Adolescent Alcohol, Tobacco, And Marijuana Use And Dma Methylation In Young Adulthood, Kristina Brooke Mcmahan

All ETDs from UAB

Substance use, including the use of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs, is most likely to begin during adolescence or emerging adulthood. Substance use during these developmental periods has been linked with a number of negative physical, mental, and cognitive health outcomes. Some of these long-term negative effects of substance use during adolescence and emerging adulthood may be explained by epigenetic changes through a process called DNA methylation. However, much of the research on substance use and DNA methylation has focused on prenatal drug exposure and its relationship to differential methylation profiles during childhood and young adulthood. By contrast, little …

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Analysis Of Systems Of First Order Linear Differential Equations With Non-Diagonalizable Matrices, Nicholas Claude Plowman Jan 2022

Analysis Of Systems Of First Order Linear Differential Equations With Non-Diagonalizable Matrices, Nicholas Claude Plowman

All ETDs from UAB

Finding solutions to differential equations is notoriously computationally intensive given that the number of operations required is heavily dependent on the algorithm being implemented. This is especially true for systems described by a matrix representation because as the eigenvalues of the system approach non-uniqueness, any approximations made by the program looking for the solution can lead to undesirable precision errors when calculating the final solution. In this document, two algorithms are compared which deal with this issue of stability which can greatly affect the decision to use one method over the other. In the method of solving the system by …

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Multiplicities Of Polygon Numbers, Alyssa R. Wilke Jan 2022

Multiplicities Of Polygon Numbers, Alyssa R. Wilke

All ETDs from UAB

Imagine that we have an unlimited number of congruent equilateral triangles. We define a trapezoid number as the number of equilateral triangles used to tile a trapezoid. Similarly, we define a parallelogram number as the number of equilateral triangles needed to tile a parallelogram. We define the multiplicity of a trapezoid or parallelogram number as the number of ways we can construct the polygon for given number up to congruence. We show a parallelogram number can always be written as 2kh and a trapezoid number as h(2k + h), where we define the height h as the length of the …

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The Effect Of Laser-Plasma Conditions In Ss-Fese Epitaxy By Pulsed Laser Deposition, Kamron Strickland Jan 2022

The Effect Of Laser-Plasma Conditions In Ss-Fese Epitaxy By Pulsed Laser Deposition, Kamron Strickland

All ETDs from UAB

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Ultrafast Broadband Dynamics In Novel Classes Of Metamaterials, Uddhab Tiwari Jan 2022

Ultrafast Broadband Dynamics In Novel Classes Of Metamaterials, Uddhab Tiwari

All ETDs from UAB

Manipulating electromagnetic fields at the nanoscale has gained significant interest as they can enhance device efficiency in the energy, telecommunication, and medical sectors. The ever-increasing demand for smaller, faster, and efficient optoelectronic devices lead to plasmonics — metallic nanostructures which can manipulate light below the diffraction limit. Recently, all-dielectric nanostructures have also shown to create high quality-factor resonances, with strong electric and magnetic near-fields created due to displacement currents. While silicon is the material of choice — because of its high refractive index, compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor, and strong non-linear response — its broadband dynamics is not fully understood in …

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Renal Lactate Dehydrogenase A: Underlying Mechanisms And Inflammatory Roles In Acute Kidney Injury, Gunars Osis Jan 2022

Renal Lactate Dehydrogenase A: Underlying Mechanisms And Inflammatory Roles In Acute Kidney Injury, Gunars Osis

All ETDs from UAB

Kidneys are physiologically vital organs responsible for blood homeostasis preservation through fluid balance maintenance, blood pressure regulation, hormone production, and toxic compound removal. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global condition affecting more than 13 million people yearly, and is characterized by a rapid decline in renal filtration capacity, consequent rise in serum creatinine and nitrogenous waste levels, and is associated with an elevated risk of morbidity in the form of progressive chronic kidney disease, kidney failure, and mortality. AKI-induced renal epithelial cell death forces surviving tubular cells to undergo de-differentiation, rapid proliferation to replace lost cells, and re-differentiation to …

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Superhero Media And Risk-Taking: Is Superhero Play A Risk Factor For Unintentional Injury In Preschool-Aged Children?, Casie H. Morgan Jan 2022

Superhero Media And Risk-Taking: Is Superhero Play A Risk Factor For Unintentional Injury In Preschool-Aged Children?, Casie H. Morgan

All ETDs from UAB

The preschool years represent a time of rapid human development, hallmarked by exploring one’s environment through gross and fine motor movement, touching and tasting physical objects, and imaginative pretend play. This exploration is developmentally appropriate, but also presents risks. Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death for preschool-aged children, and common injuries reflect exploration and risk-taking exhibited during play. Pretend play may be particularly risky if children imitate risky models like superheroes. Superhero media is extremely popular among young children, leading many children to identify closely with superheroes. Frequent exposure and subsequent identification with superheroes is concerning because media …

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Examining Family Health Through Family-Centered Care Within An Organizational Context, Bria Kathryn Morgan Jan 2022

Examining Family Health Through Family-Centered Care Within An Organizational Context, Bria Kathryn Morgan

All ETDs from UAB

Introduction: Family health is characterized as a multi-dimensional process that is shaped by a number of social determinants. Similar to individual health, various domains work in conjunction and intersect to produce family health. Family-centered care is one of the many ways that healthcare providers can support health, however, little is known about if and how it is beneficial for family health. Considering the relevance of an organizational context, this study seeks to understand the delivery of care within an organization and providers’ perceptions of family-centered care. Data/Methods: Using the case of the Ronald McDonald House, this study integrates qualitative content …

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Resonant Solutions To Gross-Pitaevskii Equation With Periodic Potential, Arien Duaibes Jan 2022

Resonant Solutions To Gross-Pitaevskii Equation With Periodic Potential, Arien Duaibes

All ETDs from UAB

Over the years, many methods have been used for solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation which is also known as a nonlinear Schrodinger equation. In this thesis, we study a nonlinear polyharmonic equation with a periodic potential and quasi-periodic boundary conditions in dimensions higher than one. A special case of the equation, in two dimensions, is the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. This thesis aims to find solutions close to combinations of two plane waves at high energy. To start with, we use a technique similar to that known for the linear case. Then, we construct a method of successive approximations. We obtain the desired …

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Towards A Holistic Framework For Secure And Trustworthy Connected Autonomous Vehicles, Mohammad Aminul Hoque Jan 2022

Towards A Holistic Framework For Secure And Trustworthy Connected Autonomous Vehicles, Mohammad Aminul Hoque

All ETDs from UAB

Recently, Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have achieved tremendous improvement and started moving out to the road from laboratories and constrained testing environments. AVs are expected to significantly improve the urban transportation system by reducing accidents and drivers’ burdens. However, this complex cyber-physical system incurs some unique security challenges. Addressing such security issues is essential because AVs can directly impact the safety of human life. Current autonomous driving systems do not emphasize security issues. Therefore, sophisticated attack methodologies continue to evolve to threaten the safety of AVs. Although some research works have been proposed to enhance AV security, the holistic approach towards …

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Longitudinal Investigation Of Financial Capacity And Driving Performance In Mild Cognitive Impairment, Tyler P. Bull Jan 2022

Longitudinal Investigation Of Financial Capacity And Driving Performance In Mild Cognitive Impairment, Tyler P. Bull

All ETDs from UAB

Previous research has shown that Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is an intermediary between normal aging and dementia that is associated with declines in financial capacity and driving performance, two important instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Both financial capacity and driving performance have been studied cross-sectionally within an MCI population, but there is limited information on the changes in performance over time. The present study utilized data from a recent longitudinal clinical trial of speed of processing training to further examine changes in driving performance and financial capacity over time. Participants included seventy-five older adults with MCI who completed an …

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A Journey To Finding Space In The Tension: Experience Of Instructors' Relationship With Religion And Spirituality In Doctoral Psychology Programs, Samantha Mcgee Jan 2022

A Journey To Finding Space In The Tension: Experience Of Instructors' Relationship With Religion And Spirituality In Doctoral Psychology Programs, Samantha Mcgee

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Religion and spirituality, when viewed through a holistic lens, can reflect important aspects of a person’s identity. It can be a source of well-being and also struggle. The fields of religion, spirituality and psychology have had a history of being polarized, with some efforts to integrate the two fields. Tensions exist at multiple ecological levels around the topic of religion and spirituality, which can make it easier to avoid discussing it in classrooms and therapy rooms. It is important to address and create room for discussion of experiences around religion and spirituality in classrooms that are training psychologists so they …

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