Arts and Humanities Commons^™

The English Public Health Movement, 1838-1848, Rebecca Dale

Honors Theses

Parliament passed its first comprehensive public health act in 1848. Prior to that time Britain as well as other European countries had mostly just tolerated insanitary conditions.

In English medieval towns people threw their garbage onto the narrow streets where animals--pigs, cattle, ducks--roamed, Houses were built with projections over the streets which blocked light and ventilation. There were few qualms about slaughtering animals on the streets. The common method of sewerage was by cesspools which in some cases were built underneath the houses and in most cases were cleaned out only once every several years by the "dust-collectors". Even in …

The Status Of Woman Suffrage In Virginia 1909-1920, Betty C. Pitts

Honors Theses

The woman suffrage movement in Virginia, as in other parts of the nation, must be viewed within the total context of reform which pervaded in the first two decades of the twentieth century in America. The evils associated with the industrial revolution, mass immigration, and the urban crisis produced in the minds of men and women a favorable climate for sweeping sociological changes. Despite the receptive attitudes of individual men and women, the woman suffrage movement could never have been successful without "a heroic mustering of effort....," which has never since been achieved by this same group expect during a …

Government And Life In The Latin Kingdom Of Jerusalem, Jane S. Brantley

Honors Theses

It is the purpose of this paper to look at the government and way of life settlers established in Jerusalem and to investigate problems which led to its fall in 1187.

Talleyrand At The Congress Of Vienna, Laura J. Feller

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Psychic Wholeness In Blake And Jung, Walter B. Gallant

Honors Theses

There is no doubt that for most modern readers the work of William Blake is an enigma. I should like to suggest that the work of the Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung offers one way to bring a sense of order and meaning to Blake's work.

Jurgen Moltmann's 'Theology Of Hope:' A Brief Purport, Rod Crowell

Honors Theses

This "brief purport" began as a critique In the best of intentions, however, zeal quickly outran intelligence, and the need to get a firm grip on the thought of Jurgen Moltmann became tantamount to producing anything at all. The strange new territory of dialectical theology, coupled with the added handicap of formulating and answering my own questions, forced reconsideration of this project's direction and purpose.

The Life Of A Civil War Soldier From Kalamazoo: Independent Research In History 470, Bonnie Poindexter, Merry Cotton

Honors Theses

No abstract available.

Manumission Of Slaves In Fauquier County, Virginia, 1830-1860, Thomas C. Givens

Honors Theses

Efforts ro free slaves in the Unites States legally took two paths--manumission ofspecific slaces by individual masters and emancipation of all slaves by legislative or constitutional act. During the Civil War, all slaves in belligerent states received their freedom through emancipation. Prior to that time, in spite of agitation by Abolitionists and other groups, attempts of general emancipation failed in the South. In 1831-32, the General Assembly of Virginia seriously considered the possibility of emancipation couled with removal from the stae of the black population, but the proposition faile dbecause of the enormous practical difficulties which such an undertaking would …

Martin Luther King's Position In The Black Power Movement From 1955 To 1968, Carol Breit

Honors Theses

From events in 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama, a citadel of Southern segregation practices and American rascist attitudes, the Negro Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. was to be pivoted to a pedestal of national prominence and of international fame. By 1958 King had become the symbol of the new black revolt locally, nationally, and internationally. Black had finally found a black leader to articulate their needs and demands to white America and for themselves. King's charismatic personality and powerful oratory drew both whites and blacks to him and to this cause. To some degree he unified the civil rights movement in …

The Mannerist Painter And Donne : A Correlation Of The Arts, Christine Steinbach

Honors Theses

There is a certain equality of painting and poetry expressed by Horace in his descriptive phrase ut pictura poesis. The implication is that the arts are practically interchangeable, one may describe the other, and the genius of each arises from the same source. Some of the best evidences of similar inspiration and perception within these two arts can be illustrated through a comparison of Italian Mannerist painting and Metaphysical poetry as embodied in various works of John Donne. Although these works are separated by chronological time and geographical location, they are, nevertheless, the product of mutual attitudes and stress common …

The Fabians And Socialized Medicine : A Study Of Fabian Attitudes Toward National Health Services, Linda Mcintosh

Honors Theses

Concentrating on the Minority Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Law (1909), the National Insurance Act (1911), the Beveridge Report (1942), and the National Insurance and National Health Service Acts (1946), this thesis studies the various Fabian attitudes and philosophies toward British health services. No one "Fabian program" existed; the Society did not, as a single body, endorse specific programs or ideas, allowing its members freedom of thought and opinion. Inside Fabian publications this policy is enunciated:

This pamphlet, like all publications of the Fabian Society, represents not the collective view of the Society, but only the view …

Virginia's Reactions To John Brown's Raid On Harper's Ferry, October 16-18, 1859, Linda Mcintosh

Honors Theses

The purpose of this thesis is show Virginia's reactions to John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry, not to John Brown, the man. For this reason the writer will being with a brief identification of John Brown, followed by a statement of his purpose in invading Harper's Ferry and a description of the raid itself. The rest of the paper will be devoted to Virginia's reactions to the invasion. No attention will be given to the proceedings of Brown's trail, the question his sanity, or reactions to Brown's execution. Information on these topics may obtained from either Stephen Oates's To Purge …

The Sacheverell Affair : Its Causes And Implications, Robert A. Kester

Honors Theses

The Sacheverell Affair of 1709-10 is a much overlooked event in English history. It was not significant in itself, being a rather trivial incident, but was significant for its far-reaching implications, in terms of its impact on both the political situation in Britain and diplomacy on the continent.

Reflections Of A Lost Harmony In Seventeenth Century Poetry, Cathy Perkins

Honors Theses

During the seventeenth century man continued to hold onto comfortable old of the "Elizabethan world picture," but the impact of the new science grew steadily. Donne and Wilton both used images from the old world view and the new discoveries; but in the final analysis they both rejected worldly system and turned to faith. Many seventeenth century poets turned to faith, perhaps as an answer to their despair. For Donne and Wilton the harmony was lost. In "The First Anniversary," Donne wrote that harmony had died and that the new ideas made everything questionable. Wilton's Adam and Eve fell from …

Edward Vii And The Anglo-French Entente Of 1904, Patricia M. Day

Honors Theses

After the end of the Napoleonic wars, the appearance of Europe was changed almost to that of the eighteenth century. France had been returned to her old borders, the multitude of little kingdoms in Italy and Germany had been reinstated, and Russia had taken back the portion of Poland that she had acquired in 1793. The general alliance of all European countries against a superior France was discontinued as soon as France had lost that position. It had been nothing more than one of the agreements that European countries made when they were under pressure. The enemy was only the …

In The Bricking Single Answer For All, No One Breathes. Or Ron Fabian Eats Shit For Breakfast, Brunch, Lunch, Supper, Dinner And In Between Meal Snacks........., Ron Fabian

Honors Theses

This is a self-centered, idiosyncratic wordblow. This paper is not an academic undertaking, it is more of a record of myself and my condition of being over the past two years. The paper is arranged chronologically from 1969 to the present and I have tried to combine philosophy and writing into making it a more understandable paper.

The Early Beats: Humanity And Machinery, James A. Winders

Honors Theses

The beatnik has been a favorite character in American films and television in recent years. Somewhere in the lost shuffle of Jerry Lewis movies is found a scene containing typical Hollywood treatment of the bohemian of the 1950's. A "square," i.e., a "normal" person, finds himself in a smoky tomb-like cafe featuring the props necessary to represent a "beatnik scene:" expresso coffee, unwashed, bearded men wearing sweatshirts, dungarees, and sneakers accompanied by classic beatnik "chicks" (female bohemians) with long, straight hair, an abundance of dark eye shadow, perhaps sunglasses, and, of course, they are clad entirely in black. Without fail, …

Shaw's Comic Tone : From Laughter To The Broken Harp String, R. K. Thomas

Honors Theses

George Bernard Shaw's literary career lasted over seventy years. He wrote prolifically. The most complete collection of his work, the Ayot St. Lawrence Edition, runs to over thirty-one volume, yet it is not all inclusive. His efforts were always motivated by the desire to expand and expound his social and political philosophy. Although the canon of Shavian criticism approaches his motives from a wide of variety of angles and avenues, Shaw singled out "passion of pure political Weltverbesserungwahn (worldbettermentcrase)" as his "own devouring malady." Defining his artistic objectives as conveying a "feeling" to an audience and making "them sympathetic with …

The Rebellion Of Tyrone, Rosanna Painter

Honors Theses

Tyrone was not successful in his goal of preservation of Gaelic traditions and institutions. Irelandwas a medieval and barbaric state and in competin gwith the English the Irish were dealin gwith a well-governed, well-organized, unifie dstate. With the defeat of Tyron, "Old Ireland" was ended. No longer would any Gaelic traditions persist in the social or political systems of Ireland. The authority of the chiefs was gone. The government at Dublin and Englissh common law would prevail. The Tudor conques was complete.

The Rise And Fall Of The Farmers' Alliance Of Virginia, Nancy Byrd Manning

Honors Theses

The purpose of this paper is to trace the quick rise and

equally sudden fall of the Virginia State Farmers' Alliance. Emphasis

was given to the unique socio-economic conditions prevalent in Southern

Virginia during the latter part of the nineteenth century which forced

individual farmers into cooperation, and to the vacillating political

situation which precipitated the death of the Virginia Farmers' Alliance.

The structures and activities of the Alliance received particular attention

because they were extremely important in attracting and maintaining

membership.

"What Else Is There?" : Surrealism And The Love Of Life In Catch-22 /, Dobbs Eric

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Party Lines Drawn By The Spectator, Emily W. Zehmer

Honors Theses

The concept of political parties as they existed in England during the reign of Queen Anne has been the source of considerable conflict among Stuart historians. The traditional view, postulated by G. M. Trevelyan, is that the Tory and Whig parties were organized in the 1670's as outgrowths of the Cavalier and Roundhead factions of the Civil War, changing very little in the process. The Tories were a "solid phalanx of squires and parsons," whereas the Whigs were united not by class or vocation but by their agreement on various political issues: religious toleration for all Protestants, war with France …

"The Beau Ideal Of A Soldier" : Brigadier General Charles Dimmock, Eugene M. Sanchez-Saavedra

Honors Theses

Charles Dimmock (1800-1863), the subject of this biography, played "many parts" in his lifetime; Soldier, Educator, Hero, Businessman, Engineer, Promoter, Family man and Civil Servant. A northerner by birth, Dimmock adopted the state of Virginia as his mistress and place of residence and he devoted the last twenty years of his life to the state's military and civil development.

With Richmond, Virginia, in the 1840's and 50's, as his stage, Dimmock, who was certainly the hero of his own biography, worked with an astonishing variety of supporting players, ranging from the top civil and military leaders in America to the …

Background, Data And Biographical Information On The 104 First Jamestown Settlers, Catharine H. Ryland

Honors Theses

Permanent colonization called for the common man as well as the adventurer, to whom life in the old England had become, for some reason or another, joyless and burdensome, and who welcomed the opportunity that new lands offered to better his worldly estate. Colonization required leaders and capital, but it demanded people as well -- men, women and children -- to build homes, till the soil, and provide for the coming generations. Without colonists of this type, settlement was bound to be costly and permanance was never assured. Why they came, how they were organized, who were in the first …

Senator William E. Borah's Dry Campaign : Its Effect On The Presidential Election Of 1928, Emily White Zehmer

Honors Theses

Like many of its predecessors, the campaign for the Presidency of the United States in 1928 began months before candidates were nominated and ballots were cast. The Republican Party found itself without a candidate when President Coolidge announced late in the summer of 1927 that he would not seek re-election in the following year. There was a slight scramble within Republican ranks for the nomination. Among those considered were Senator Charles G. Curtis of Kansas, majority floor leader, who subsequently was elected Vice-President; Senator William E. Borah, the Idaho Progressive whose role in the campaign is explored herein; Dr. Nicholas …

The Southern Attitude Towards Texas, 1844-1846, Kenneth H. Clevenger

Honors Theses

The purpose of this paper is to study the Southern attitude towards Texas between 1844 and 1846. To understand the range of Southern opinions it is necessary to realize that Texas was a political issue in national affairs at this time, and national politics were extremely fractious during this era. Both Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun had a hand in the in the controversy as did the lesser luminaries of the day, Presidents John Tyler, James K. Polk and Martin Van Buren. Because some national overview is vital for a proper perspective on the problem, the first section of …

The Case Of Margery Kempe, Mary Marshall Taylor

Honors Theses

There are few today who would consider Margery Kempe as an individual displaying characteristics of a normal, well-adjusted person. As a woman and representative of her era, Margery is atypical. In W. A. Pantin's words: "Margery was of course abnormal in several ways, but she was an abnormal specimen of what was a large and familiar class of devout lay people...," one whose spiritual experiences were realized in the fifteenth century, but who is a fourteenth-century product. As a mystic, David Knowles evaluates her as the "less highly respectable Margery Kempe." Among her townsmen her identity is not especially clear, …

Richmond's Reaction To The Depression Of 1837, Barbara Cahoon

Honors Theses

Depressions affect people and institutions in a variety of ways, from leveling the wealth until a recovery is impossible to showing the weaknesses inherent in the system, thus enabling workable solutions to be a result. The economic emergency of 1837 was such a phenomenon. Much has been written about its effects on a national and state level, but localities have been slighted. All do not necessarily react the same, and consequently the aim of this paper is to show Richmond’s particular response to her poor market conditions, and the political developments of the havoc that occurred from 1837-1842.

The bulk …

Richmond And Virginia In The 1867 Election For A Constitutional Convention, Nelson Lankford

Honors Theses

The purpose of this paper is to present the reaction of Richmond's conservative white newspapers to the election in October 1867 for a constitutional convention. The three papers include the overtly racist Enquirer, the moderate Whig, and the Dispatch, which claimed a larger circulation than the other papers combined. All three newspapers, however, considered the Negro to be inferior and feared radical reconstruction as the ultimate disaster for Virginia. The press unanimously favored maintaining white supremacy and editorialized for the organization of conservative white opposition to the radical party in the October election.

Dairy Farms And Agricultural Prosperity In Virginia, 1890-1915, Harold E. Conover

Honors Theses

In the two-hundred-fifty plus years from the Jamestown landing to the first shots of the Civil War a careless, staple crop agriculture wrought havoc on thousands of acres in Tidewater and Piedmont Virginia. A Virginian looked around him in the Spring of 1859 and was moved to write: "Every county of Virginia from the Seaboard to the head of tidewater now present a standing monument against the ruthless destroyer tobacco, in a wilderness of piney old fields and gullied hillsides..."