Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Arts and Humanities Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Design Research Society

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 211 - 240 of 1547

Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Systemic Design For Sustainable Community Care For Older Adults: A Case Study In Turin, Piedmont, Italy, Wen Lu, Amina Pereno, Silvia Barbero Oct 2023

Systemic Design For Sustainable Community Care For Older Adults: A Case Study In Turin, Piedmont, Italy, Wen Lu, Amina Pereno, Silvia Barbero

IASDR Conference Series

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted various industries across the world, leading to changes in industries and the widespread adoption of teleworking networks. As countries transition from urban lockdowns to community lockdowns, community telemedicine has become a crucial agenda item. The pandemic has posed an unprecedented health challenge, particularly for older adults with chronic diseases due to its highly contagious nature and prolonged duration. The aim of this paper is to explore the impact and challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic governance model on older adults care in the Turin A.S.L.TO3 community. This paper was conducted within the methodology framework of …


Design For Social Imagination, Qian Sun, Mary Loveday Oct 2023

Design For Social Imagination, Qian Sun, Mary Loveday

IASDR Conference Series

This paper reports findings from a research project, ‘Connecting Roots’, funded by the AHRC UK. Based on the learning from delivering six co-creation workshops to local communities, this paper discusses how design can be applied to support communities to collaboratively imagine future possibilities of health and wellbeing. It sits within the context of scaling up nature and nature based activities (e.g. park runs, community gardens) as a non-clinical approach for better health and wellbeing. These workshops aimed to address the challenge of inequality of access focusing on Walsall, a metropolitan borough in the UK exhibiting some extremes of deprivation, a …


Digital Cultural Heritage Conservation: Sampling Stilt Houses In Tai O Village, Daniel Elkin, Chi-Yuen Leung, Norah Xiaolu Wang, Wai Yeung Yan Oct 2023

Digital Cultural Heritage Conservation: Sampling Stilt Houses In Tai O Village, Daniel Elkin, Chi-Yuen Leung, Norah Xiaolu Wang, Wai Yeung Yan

IASDR Conference Series

This paper discusses a digital conservation project in Tai O Village, Hong Kong. The research initiative uses a combined LiDAR and photogrammetry scanning technology to document a sample of architecturally distinct stilt houses in Tai O. These buildings support intangible cultural heritage of Tanka fishing culture, and are themselves tangible cultural heritage that is under threat of degradation or possible clearance in the future. This paper presents an effort to digitally preserve physical conditions in twenty of Tai O’s stilt houses, and discusses the steps and considerations of researchers’ digital conservation workflow. The paper contributes to scholarship as a description …


Development Of A “Facial Rock-Paper-Scissors” Program For Rehabilitation Of Swallowing And Cognitive Functions That Has Psychological Effects, Kiyomi Yoshioka Oct 2023

Development Of A “Facial Rock-Paper-Scissors” Program For Rehabilitation Of Swallowing And Cognitive Functions That Has Psychological Effects, Kiyomi Yoshioka

IASDR Conference Series

We have developed a “Facial rock-paper-scissors” program that maintains and improves cognitive and swallowing functions by incorporating mouth and cheek movements and voicing, which are part of swallowing training, into a response-type facial rock-paper-scissors game with oral-facial movements. The expression of “scissors,” formed by horizontally stretching the mouth and raising the corners of the mouth, is expected to have the psychological effect of smiling to improve mood. We conducted a psychological evaluation of changes in mood during the “Facial rock-paper-scissors” program using the Profile of Mood States Short-Form (POMS-SF) and Two-Dimensional Mood Scale Short-Term (TDMS-ST) methods, and confirmed the psychological …


Towards A Framework For Innovation In Craft-Design Practices., Anooja J., Vibhavari Kumar Oct 2023

Towards A Framework For Innovation In Craft-Design Practices., Anooja J., Vibhavari Kumar

IASDR Conference Series

A transition in human thought and behavior was brought about by the Industrial Revolution in the middle of the 18th century, which increasingly replaced handcrafted industries with mass manufacturing of goods and services. In a nation like India, the majority of the rural population still relies on labor-intensive, widely scattered handicrafts. The second most important component of the country's tradition, both culturally and economically, is handicrafts, after agriculture. Since the beginning of the 1980’s there have been efforts to revive handicrafts, and many initiatives were formulated to support artisans by imparting training workshops in craft. But considering the current scenario, …


What Is The Effect Of A Slant Shape In The Design Of A Ugv Delivery Robot? - Ugv Robots And The Effect Of Shape On The Perceived Safety, Vithor Hugo Costa Da Silva, Shinichi Koyama, Toshimasa Yamanaka, Soh Masuko, Kelvin Cheng Oct 2023

What Is The Effect Of A Slant Shape In The Design Of A Ugv Delivery Robot? - Ugv Robots And The Effect Of Shape On The Perceived Safety, Vithor Hugo Costa Da Silva, Shinichi Koyama, Toshimasa Yamanaka, Soh Masuko, Kelvin Cheng

IASDR Conference Series

This research aimed to investigate the specific effect of the slant shape on the perceived safety related to UGV Robots. Additionally, it investigates possible differences between the evaluation of those robot shapes considering different nationalities (Japanese and Brazilian), and different types of media used for the experiment (PC Screen and VR Headset). In the investigation, 4 different stimuli were tested and evaluated by 75 participants, 30 Brazilians in the experiment with PC Screen, 22 other Brazilians in the experiment with VR Headset, and 22 Japanese in the experiment with VR Headset. The effect of the slant shape was defined based …


Enhancing Elderly With Communication Impairments: Exploring Visual And Voice Communication Tools, Fang Suey Lin, Hong-Chun Shi Oct 2023

Enhancing Elderly With Communication Impairments: Exploring Visual And Voice Communication Tools, Fang Suey Lin, Hong-Chun Shi

IASDR Conference Series

Non-verbal communication methods can be employed to assist in communicating with both the elderly with communication impairments and foreign caregivers. This study focuses on the use of vocabulary and sentence construction in daily communication with the care receiver during the nursing process. The study proposes transforming these words into a visual symbol system and designing a graphical interface. Furthermore, the study adds the intervention of the voice pen tool to facilitate the care receiver in visually expressing their symptoms, pain, and needs to communicate with nurses and foreign caregivers. The communication tools were graphically designed and used with the voice …


Combining Evaluation Grid Method To Investigate The Attractions Of Traditional Crafts In Taiwan, Jyun-Li Chen, Yu-Chen Chen, Hsi-Jen Chen, Chen Peng Oct 2023

Combining Evaluation Grid Method To Investigate The Attractions Of Traditional Crafts In Taiwan, Jyun-Li Chen, Yu-Chen Chen, Hsi-Jen Chen, Chen Peng

IASDR Conference Series

The study integrated the attractions of traditional crafts in Taiwan and explored the relationship among attractions. Results from eleven studies covering seven types of crafts, were summarized and classified using the Evaluation Grid Method (EGM) framework, which helped in creating an EGM chart outlining the attractions of traditional crafts in Taiwan. Additionally, we calculated the number of crafts that mentioned each attraction and investigated the connections among the Actual charm characteristics. The findings revealed that seven types of crafts referred to Unique material appearance, while six types of crafts were related to Creative. It was found that the attractions of …


A Study On Technology Acceptance Model Of Ai Speakers Among Middle-Aged People, Yun Jing, Ryoichi Tamura Oct 2023

A Study On Technology Acceptance Model Of Ai Speakers Among Middle-Aged People, Yun Jing, Ryoichi Tamura

IASDR Conference Series

This study focuses on China, which is entering an aging society. The aim is to investigate the acceptance of smart speakers among middle-aged Chinese people through an online questionnaire. To achieve this, a new analytical model was developed using the technology acceptance model as a template. Structural equation modeling was conducted to quantitatively analyze the data, taking into account differences in whether or not middle-aged people have used smart speakers and gender for categorical discussion. The study identified the different concerns of these groups regarding smart speakers and examined the relationships between different potential factors. Finally, design concerns for improving …


Co-Designing With Children With Cerebral Palsy: Context And Co-Design Principles, Ganna Borzenkova, Jingshu Tang, Kristina Niedderer Oct 2023

Co-Designing With Children With Cerebral Palsy: Context And Co-Design Principles, Ganna Borzenkova, Jingshu Tang, Kristina Niedderer

IASDR Conference Series

Co-design with children with cerebral palsy sets challenges for researchers and designers because of differences in their living experiences and because many current well-established co-design approaches and recommendations may not be appropriate and require adjustments. Based on an overview of existing literature, this paper identifies co-design principles and approaches for including children in the co-design process and explores how these need to be adjusted to ensure the active participation of children with disabilities, specifically those with cerebral palsy. The aim is to derive a set of key principles and related approaches for application in the Peer2Peer project, and to provide …


Influence Of Lighting Colour On Visual Evaluation Of Landscape Paintings - Focus On Some Claude Monet’S Artworks, Shino Okuda, Sakiho Yagi, Satoko Taguchi, Katsunori Okajima, Manuel Melgosa Oct 2023

Influence Of Lighting Colour On Visual Evaluation Of Landscape Paintings - Focus On Some Claude Monet’S Artworks, Shino Okuda, Sakiho Yagi, Satoko Taguchi, Katsunori Okajima, Manuel Melgosa

IASDR Conference Series

Lighting colour is an important factor influencing the visual appearance of paintings, and, especially in landscape paintings, it may cause different subjective time and space perceptions. This study aims to clarify the influence of lighting colour on the appearance of specific landscape paintings. A subjective experiment was conducted using images of three Claude Monet landscapes (“Rouen Cathedral”, “Sunset on the Seine in Winter” and “Water Lily Pond”) from the Pola Museum of Art. We reproduced the appearance of these paintings under 20 lighting conditions with different CCT and duv values. The results showed that the time of the depicted landscape …


Into: A Remote Communication Tool Featuring Body Language And The Fusion Of The Real And The Virtual, Chia-Yu Liu, Chunwei-Sean Su, Chien-Hsu Chen Oct 2023

Into: A Remote Communication Tool Featuring Body Language And The Fusion Of The Real And The Virtual, Chia-Yu Liu, Chunwei-Sean Su, Chien-Hsu Chen

IASDR Conference Series

This article introduces a remote communication tool called INTO, which aims to recreate the experience of face-to-face communication between two people sitting across at a table. Beyond work, we also envision its application in learning, creativity, and entertainment. First, we review and analyse several existing remote communication tools to clarify our design goals. Then, based on human factors and existing work habits, we select the experience format. This design requires two sets of devices to be connected to each other, and the construction of the hardware is also explained in the article. Finally, we conducted experimental testing and summarized the …


Ideal Model And Everyday Life: Interior Decoration Of The Modern Home In Early Twentieth-Century Shanghai, Yihan Wang, Xiaomo Wang Oct 2023

Ideal Model And Everyday Life: Interior Decoration Of The Modern Home In Early Twentieth-Century Shanghai, Yihan Wang, Xiaomo Wang

IASDR Conference Series

In early twentieth-century Shanghai, numerous journals articulated how to beautify homes to be modern, and the eponymous monograph Modern Home Decoration published in 1933. These publications regarded the ‘Western-style’ house as a model to shape and disseminate the ideal imagination of the ‘modern home’. This article uses the case of the press literature to chart the specific principles of modern home decoration. It compares the ideal model to lived experience, pinpointing the chasm between ideal imagination and everyday life. It then explains the causes of difference, arguing that it showed the specific responses of Chinese intellectuals to the political failure. …


Sonic Memories: Towards A Participatory Memory Archive, Pinar Yelmi Oct 2023

Sonic Memories: Towards A Participatory Memory Archive, Pinar Yelmi

IASDR Conference Series

This short paper puts forward the outcomes of the workshop related to information visualization for the archive of memories linked to urban soundscapes. Memories as well as urban soundscapes are integral parts of cultural heritage and deserve to be protected for maintaining cultural identity. It becomes very urgent to start protecting especially those which are at risk of getting lost in current daily life conditions that have been changed due to the pandemic. This study was carried out by employing a collaborative visualization design workshop method which is a user-centred workshop structure for gathering ideas on information visualization. The main …


Living The Life: Evidence-Based Design And Evaluation Of Psychosocial Interventions With People With Dementia, Kristina Niedderer, Pui Ling Fung Oct 2023

Living The Life: Evidence-Based Design And Evaluation Of Psychosocial Interventions With People With Dementia, Kristina Niedderer, Pui Ling Fung

IASDR Conference Series

Design is increasingly recognised as an important means to create and deliver psychosocial interventions for people living with early to mid-stage dementia to help manage impacts on cognitive and psychosocial health. Managing them is important, especially for people with a recent diagnosis, who may live 10 or more years and who want to live well. However, interventions often lack a sound evidence base, both in terms of designing as well as evaluation. This paper argues for the need to promote and further evidence-based designing and evaluation, using the example of the Living the Life mindful-reflective booklet, an evidence-based, self-administered psychosocial …


Ontological Design Approach For Alternative Soil-Human Relations, Taku Onozato, Hiroto Okuda, Dajiro Mizuno Oct 2023

Ontological Design Approach For Alternative Soil-Human Relations, Taku Onozato, Hiroto Okuda, Dajiro Mizuno

IASDR Conference Series

Design for Sustainability has expanded to systemic issues, now discussed alongside complex, comprehensive design theories. Designs for the Pluriverse, based on Transition Design, advocates an ontological shift from dualistic environmental perceptions. Unlike dualistic approaches, ontological designs focus on the "relationality" of building relationships between objects and things. This study aims to explore designs promoting relational understanding of materials from a Relational Ontology perspective. The authors try designing soil ontology in urban ecosystems, considering relationship building with soil in the median strip through dematerialization/rematerialization approaches. The study is grounded in ontological design's theoretical framework, emphasizing knowledge production through the design practice. …


Development Of “Amamizu Drink” As A Tool For Awareness Regarding Rainwater Conservation, And Investigation Of The Effectiveness Of Different Label Designs, Sho Kondo, Toshihiro Kasai, Jun Mitera Oct 2023

Development Of “Amamizu Drink” As A Tool For Awareness Regarding Rainwater Conservation, And Investigation Of The Effectiveness Of Different Label Designs, Sho Kondo, Toshihiro Kasai, Jun Mitera

IASDR Conference Series

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted at the United Nations Summit in September 2015 included water-related goals. However, rainwater is not recognized as an important resource in Japan. To address this issue, “Amamizu Drinks,” which involve a non-routine experience of “drinking rainwater,” were developed as tools for creating awareness regarding rainwater conservation. Additionally, three types of label designs were created, and their effectiveness in developing rainwater awareness was investigated. As a result of the survey, label designs with handwritten illustrations were found to be the most preferred, and the color evaluation was particularly high. Based on these findings, further research …


Changing The Narrative: Co-Designing Awareness About Environmental Sustainability With Children In Denmark, Canan Akoglu, Marie Kremer, Craig Native Oct 2023

Changing The Narrative: Co-Designing Awareness About Environmental Sustainability With Children In Denmark, Canan Akoglu, Marie Kremer, Craig Native

IASDR Conference Series

The world is facing pressing environmental challenges calling for urgent actions in different levels. In this type of a picture, the earlier the actions are taken, the better future for next generations could be created. In the context of sustainable innovation, by codesigning activities that promote sustainability, young minds can become much conscious about environmental sustainability in a joyful and interactive way. This paper investigates how design can trigger sustainable behavioural change in people with a specific focus on engaging with children. The investigation is done through 3 cases which were created during a first-year master’s course in collaboration with …


The Lonely Island: A Design Game To Explore Loneliness Through Co-Creation., Mads Bärenholdt Oct 2023

The Lonely Island: A Design Game To Explore Loneliness Through Co-Creation., Mads Bärenholdt

IASDR Conference Series

Loneliness is an increasingly prevalent societal issue often associated with reduced well-being. Unpleasant feelings characterise the subjective experience of loneliness. However, research tends to focus more on health-related aspects rather than exploring what it means to live with loneliness and participate in everyday life, particularly for young adults. This paper examines a co-designing approach that empowers young adults to express their perspectives on loneliness and its impact on their lives. By highlighting the lived experiences of those affected by loneliness, we can better understand how to address and design for this significant societal problem.


Designing Adaptable Consumption: A New Practice To Foster Food System Transitions., Hannah Goss, Nynke Tromp, Rick Schifferstein Oct 2023

Designing Adaptable Consumption: A New Practice To Foster Food System Transitions., Hannah Goss, Nynke Tromp, Rick Schifferstein

IASDR Conference Series

In recent years, more designers have been engaging in transitions for which design activity is used to develop innovations that steer change. However, little is known about how designers develop innovations to foster change along a desired transition path. In this short paper, we explore how designers can develop joint innovations that steer a transition of the Dutch food system to embrace flexibility and cater to enough. We present a new practice called Adaptable Consumption, which aims to realign food safety, quality, and sustainability. Based on our preliminary findings, we discuss how our process inspires reflections on the transition and …


How To Adopt Design Thinking Within Organizations? Mapping Facilitators To Activate An Organisational Transformation Path., Gianluca Carella, Michele Melazzini Oct 2023

How To Adopt Design Thinking Within Organizations? Mapping Facilitators To Activate An Organisational Transformation Path., Gianluca Carella, Michele Melazzini

IASDR Conference Series

Design Thinking is increasingly at the centre of organisations' discussions: more and more are trying to implement it. However, it has been seen that adopting Design Thinking requires deep processes of organisational change that many companies often fail to do. Over the years, the scientific community debated the benefits of Design Thinking and the barriers that companies may face during its adoption. On the other side, few and embryonic contributions have been made on how to support companies in this adoption. Through an exploratory analysis, analysing ten companies that have been adopting Design Thinking for several years and with tangible …


Looking For The True Nature Of Academic Research On Design: A Systematic Review Of 27 Phd Theses, Samuel Danzon-Chambaud, Rose Dumesny Oct 2023

Looking For The True Nature Of Academic Research On Design: A Systematic Review Of 27 Phd Theses, Samuel Danzon-Chambaud, Rose Dumesny

IASDR Conference Series

The launch of PhD programs in design constitutes yet another milestone that helped settle the field as an academic discipline of its own. As the line between scholarly research on design and design practice can sometimes be perceived as being thin, we believe these theses may hold some truth as to what is making them distinct from each other. To look—so to speak—for the key tenets of academic research on design, we retrieved almost 7,000 references off 27 dissertations, to see which authors were the most cited. We then reflected on the significations it bears. We found that, often, scholarly …


Introducing Hope In Design For Health And Well-Being, Arefe Jasbi, Marikken Høiseth Oct 2023

Introducing Hope In Design For Health And Well-Being, Arefe Jasbi, Marikken Høiseth

IASDR Conference Series

Health and well-being are fundamental aspects of life, directly impacting the quality of life. Hope is a phenomenon that significantly relates to the quality of life. The purpose of this paper is to introduce hope in the context of design for health and well-being. By exploring the intersection of design, health, and hope, we can create outcomes that are not only functional and address immediate needs but also increase resilience and foster a sense of optimism and empowerment to users and communities. We provide reflections on how this elevation in design can cultivate strengthened communities through improved healthcare interventions.


The Existence And Potential Of Woven Banana Stalks Furniture In Trangsan Village Indonesia, Lik Endang Siti Wahyuningsih, Minako Ikeda Oct 2023

The Existence And Potential Of Woven Banana Stalks Furniture In Trangsan Village Indonesia, Lik Endang Siti Wahyuningsih, Minako Ikeda

IASDR Conference Series

Furniture handicrafts made from banana stalk fibers as a raw material have a huge opportunity as an export commodity. In addition, this furniture craft has various advantages including the abundance of natural fiber raw materials, its relative cheapness, and the easy production process without the need for expensive tools or machines. However, even with cheap raw materials, the selling be quite competitive, considering aspects of better design, engineering, and production process development. This research reveals the problem existing furniture handicrafts that use banana stalk fiber and the potential that can be developed from existing crafts, both in the production process …


Tracking Acts Of Kindness Through Comics: An Experimental Study, Raven Serenity Glover, Yvette Shen Oct 2023

Tracking Acts Of Kindness Through Comics: An Experimental Study, Raven Serenity Glover, Yvette Shen

IASDR Conference Series

This study explores the effectiveness of using comics as a medium to track personal behavioral data, focusing on acts of kindness. Through a prototype-based examination of digitally assembled comics, the findings demonstrate that comics offer a unique communication method that enables the integration of narrative elements into the flow of behavioral data. This integration not only provides coherence and context to qualitative data but also allows for the visualization of spatial-temporal details, presenting data in a personal and meaningful manner. However, user evaluation results suggest that the prototype did not provide an ideal platform for sustainable interactive experiences. Future study …


Fears, Desires And Visions Of Prague Residents: Transition To Age-Friendly Community Centres In 2050, Lijun Chen Oct 2023

Fears, Desires And Visions Of Prague Residents: Transition To Age-Friendly Community Centres In 2050, Lijun Chen

IASDR Conference Series

The rapid global trend of ageing is forcing all aspects of society to systematically transition to offer a more inclusive and healthy old life for elderly people. While the need for transition has been agreed upon at many levels, the question of how to actually make a systematic transition is still a proposition that needs to be discussed in depth, particularly in the field of design. Based on the workshop “Transition Design – Age-Friendly Community Centres 2050” held in Prague in 2022, this paper explores the fears, desires, and visions of Prague residents for their local community and environment, and …


Archives Of Dyeing Katagami Used In The Inheritance And Creation Of Traditional Patterns, Minako Ikeda Oct 2023

Archives Of Dyeing Katagami Used In The Inheritance And Creation Of Traditional Patterns, Minako Ikeda

IASDR Conference Series

Katagami, which is used in katazome, a traditional Japanese dyeing technique, was exported to Europe in large quantities in the 19th century, and its artistry and craftsmanship were highly valued in the Japonisme movement. It influenced the arts and crafts of that period. Demand has declined in the present day due to some changes in people’s lifestyles, and the number of crafters making it has also decreased. This study focused on Japan's unique chusen dyeing technique used for yukata, which are in widespread use as everyday garments, examining how the katagami that are still in use can be utilized while …


Kirisense: Making Rigid Materials Bendable And Functional, Akash Talyan, Tingyu Cheng, Wei Wang, Clement Zheng, Hyunjoo Oh Oct 2023

Kirisense: Making Rigid Materials Bendable And Functional, Akash Talyan, Tingyu Cheng, Wei Wang, Clement Zheng, Hyunjoo Oh

IASDR Conference Series

This paper presents material-driven exploration at the intersection between transforming rigid materials by cutting techniques and applying conductive substrates to the transformed material sheet. Kirisense is a simple design technique that adds deformability and interactive capability to thick and rigid prototyping materials such as plywood and chipboard. Our investigation identified six cutting patterns with variable parameters that influence the flexible and bendable behaviors generated and encoded them as a design editor to assist designers. We introduce a step-by-step process of augmenting rigid materials by combining them with a conductive substrate (carbon- or nickel- paint or spray) and applying a custom …


An Investigation Of Empathy In Face-To-Face And Remote Co-Creative Design Processes, Namgyu Kang, Thongphun Khongthat Oct 2023

An Investigation Of Empathy In Face-To-Face And Remote Co-Creative Design Processes, Namgyu Kang, Thongphun Khongthat

IASDR Conference Series

This qualitative research aimed to compare students’ experiences during face-to-face and remote co-creative design processes to understand empathy formation. The participants who have various remote co-creative design processes, in the International Summer Design Workshop (ISDW) 2022, as the face-to-face co-creative design process held at Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Interview results were analyzed using the evaluation grid method to visualize the characteristics of the remote and face-to-face co-creation processes. The remote co-creation process had the advantages of location efficiency, scalability, and ease of information storage and sharing with various support systems using IT. On the other hand, in the face-to-face co-creation …


A Holistic Co-Design Model Engaging Multi-Stakeholders For The Rural Revitalization In China — A Case Study Of Qingshan Village, Hangzhou, Liqi Ren, Tingting Chen, Yinan Du, Jia Long, Xinran Lai Oct 2023

A Holistic Co-Design Model Engaging Multi-Stakeholders For The Rural Revitalization In China — A Case Study Of Qingshan Village, Hangzhou, Liqi Ren, Tingting Chen, Yinan Du, Jia Long, Xinran Lai

IASDR Conference Series

China has devoted itself to green growth along with the national strategy of rural revitalization. Qingshan Village in Hangzhou stands out as a representative case, imbuing a centuries-old countryside with new life and serving as an experimental model for "China Future Village.” This study discusses and evaluates Qingshan Village’s progress through the lens of a holistic co-design approach to social design and community development. This approach considers all the different factors that contribute to the complex context with an understanding of how they are interconnected. Co-designing the future village involves various partners: designers, local government, non-governmental organizations, companies, and residents. …