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Articles 7231 - 7260 of 22097
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Re-Reading Anscombe On 'I', Robert Stainton
Re-Reading Anscombe On 'I', Robert Stainton
Philosophy Publications
According to a certain ‘Straight Reading’ of Elizabeth Anscombe’s ‘The First Person’, she holds a Radically Non-Referring view of ‘I’. Specifically, ‘I’ is analogized to the expletive ‘it’ in ‘It’s raining’. I argue that this is not her position. Her substantive view on ‘I’, rather, is that if what you mean by ‘referring term’ is a certain rich and recherché Frege-inspired notion, then ‘I’ is not one. Her methodological point is that one shouldn’t be bewitched by language into thinking that ‘I’, because of its syntax and logical role, must exhibit ‘reference’ in this sense. Anscombe uses this insight to …
Against Pay Secrecy, Jeffrey Moriarty
Against Pay Secrecy, Jeffrey Moriarty
Philosophy Faculty Publications
Many firms keep pay secret. They do not make information about what their employees are paid available inside or outside of the firm, i.e., to other employees or to the public at large. Indeed, many firms discourage their employees from, or sanction them for, disclosing their pay. Against this, I argue that there are good moral reasons for firms to be transparent about pay. Pay transparency prevents injustice, promotes autonomy, and increases efficiency. After presenting the positive case for pay transparency, I defend it against objections, including the most common reasons firms give for keeping pay secret.
Risky Pay And The Financial Crisis: Who's Responsible?, Jeffrey Moriarty
Risky Pay And The Financial Crisis: Who's Responsible?, Jeffrey Moriarty
Philosophy Faculty Publications
According to an existing “environmental” narrative, the financial crisis of 2007-2009 was due in part to executive compensation packages in the financial services industry that incentivized excessive risk-taking. Also according to this narrative, those who have a duty to protect society – principally, government regulators, but also firms themselves – are open to blame for how executives were paid, and must take steps to change executive compensation. This narrative is important but incomplete. I offer a supplementary “agential” narrative. According to this narrative, executives are open to blame for the financial crisis for taking socially excessive risks. Moreover, since executives …
Accountable To Whom? Rethinking The Role Of Corporations In Political Csr, Jeffrey Moriarty, Waheed Hussain
Accountable To Whom? Rethinking The Role Of Corporations In Political Csr, Jeffrey Moriarty, Waheed Hussain
Philosophy Faculty Publications
According to Palazzo and Scherer, the changing role of business corporations in society requires that we take new measures to integrate these organizations into society-wide processes of democratic governance. We argue that their model of integration has a fundamental problem. Instead of treating business corporations as agents that must be held accountable to the democratic reasoning of affected parties, it treats corporations as agents who can hold others accountable. In our terminology, it treats business corporations as “supervising authorities” rather than “functionaries.” The result is that Palazzo and Scherer’s model does not actually address the democratic deficit that it is …
An Anscombean Reference For I?, Andrew Botterell, Robert Stainton
An Anscombean Reference For I?, Andrew Botterell, Robert Stainton
Philosophy Publications
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Age On Cognitive Performance While Sitting And Walking At A Treadmill Workstation, Audrey E. King
Effects Of Age On Cognitive Performance While Sitting And Walking At A Treadmill Workstation, Audrey E. King
ETD Archive
Purpose: This study compared cognitive function and age using the Stroop test while sitting and while walking at a self-selected speed at a treadmill work station. Methods: 50 subjects aged 20-69 years completed the Stroop test while sitting and while walking at a self-selected speed at a treadmill workstation. A repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to analyze for an interaction between age and cognition. Results: The results showed a significant increase in reaction time as age increased (p<.01). The results also showed no significant difference in reaction time for any age group between sitting and walking (p>.05). Conclusion: As individuals age there is an expected increase in cognitive and motor function and an increase in reaction time, those …
“What Is He Whose Grief Bears Such An Emphasis?” Hamlet’S Development Of A Mourning Persona, Jennifer Lodine-Chaffey
“What Is He Whose Grief Bears Such An Emphasis?” Hamlet’S Development Of A Mourning Persona, Jennifer Lodine-Chaffey
Quidditas
Long viewed by scholars as destructive to his selfhood and detrimental to his swift execution of revenge, Hamlet’s concern with the outward expression of his grief actually plays an integral part in his struggles to forge a mourning identity in the wake of his father’s death. The Shakespearean prince’s attempts to faithfully perform his interior bereavement, I contend, are challenged by his father’s command to enact his mourning through outward revenge, which at first seems contrary to Hamlet’s hope to discover a mourning persona consonant with his grief. By the conclusion of the drama, though, Hamlet embraces mourning as part …
An Unfinished Project: John Courtney Murray, Religious Freedom, And Unresolved Tensions In Contemporary American Society, Miguel H. Diaz
An Unfinished Project: John Courtney Murray, Religious Freedom, And Unresolved Tensions In Contemporary American Society, Miguel H. Diaz
Philosophy: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Religious freedom has re-emerged as a controversial issue in the courts, in the Church, and in the public square in the United States. This essay examines the groundbreaking contribution that John Courtney Murray, SJ made to bring about a paradigm shift in Roman Catholic teaching on religious freedom. This shift can be traced to the Church’s transitioning from the view that “error has no rights” to only people—not ideas—have rights. The essay underscores Murray’s focus on human conscience and addresses tensions that have emerged in the United States between voices that affirm the right to religious freedom and those that …
Theoria As Practice And As Activity, Julie Ward
Theoria As Practice And As Activity, Julie Ward
Philosophy: Faculty Publications and Other Works
In Book X chapter 7 of Nicomachean Ethics (henceforth, EN), Aristotle reaches two decisive conclusions: frst, the activity of our intellect which he terms θεωρία is the highest kind and comprises “complete happiness” (ἡ τελεῖα εὐδαίμονια, EN 1177a19); second, a theoretical life, being divine, counts as the highest, and is the one to aim at (EN 1178a5-7). These are compelling claims, rightly generating much scholarly comment, particularly about the balance of excellent theoretical and moral activity in the best human life.2 Yet the present paper proposes to follow a diferent standard, one with a broader, thematic approach to θεωρία. My …
Pollock And Sturgeon On Defeaters, Albert Casullo
Pollock And Sturgeon On Defeaters, Albert Casullo
Department of Philosophy: Faculty Publications
Scott Sturgeon has recently challenged Pollock’s account of undercutting defeaters. The challenge involves three primary contentions: (1) the account is both too strong and too weak, (2) undercutting defeaters exercise their power to defeat only in conjunction with higher-order beliefs about the basis of the lower-order beliefs whose justification they target, and (3) since rebutting defeaters exercise their power to defeat in isolation, rebutting and undercutting defeaters work in fundamentally different ways. My goal is to reject each of these contentions. I maintain that (1) Sturgeon fails to show that Pollock’s account of undercutting defeaters is either too strong or …
De-Extinction And The Conception Of Species, Leonard Finkelman
De-Extinction And The Conception Of Species, Leonard Finkelman
Faculty Publications
Developments in genetic engineering may soon allow biologists to clone organisms from extinct species. The process, dubbed “de-extinction,” has been publicized as a means to bring extinct species back to life. For theorists and philosophers of biology, the process also suggests a thought experiment for the ongoing “species problem”: given a species concept, would a clone be classified in the extinct species? Previous analyses have answered this question in the context of specific de-extinction technologies or particular species concepts. The thought experiment is given more comprehensive treatment here. Given the products of three de-extinction technologies, twenty-two species concepts are “tested” …
Both Facts And Feelings: Emotion And News Literacy, Susan Currie Sivek
Both Facts And Feelings: Emotion And News Literacy, Susan Currie Sivek
Faculty Publications
News literacy education has long focused on the significance of facts, sourcing, and verifiability. While these are critical aspects of news, rapidly developing emotion analytics technologies intended to respond to and even alter digital news audiences’ emotions also demand that we pay greater attention to the role of emotion in news consumption. This essay explores the role of emotion in the “fake news” phenomenon and the implementation of emotion analytics tools in news distribution. I examine the function of emotion in news consumption and the status of emotion within existing news literacy training programs. Finally, I offer suggestions for addressing …
The Nature Of Nature: Concerning The Efficacy Of Natural Law Reasoning, Thomas V. Gourlay
The Nature Of Nature: Concerning The Efficacy Of Natural Law Reasoning, Thomas V. Gourlay
Philosophy Papers and Journal Articles
Recourse to natural law reasoning has long been a part of how Catholics and Christians engage in debates about issues of public and private morality with people and communities of people who do not share the Catholic/Christian faith. But with the rise of modernity, the scientific revolution, and the relative success of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, many Catholics have begun to question traditional natural law reasoning. Some, including theorists like Germain Grisez, and John Finnis have sought to modify traditional natural law reasoning and continue to employ it within debates concerning public and private ethics, while others, acknowledging the …
Book Review: Dietrich Von Hildebrand, Liturgy And Personality, Thomas V. Gourlay
Book Review: Dietrich Von Hildebrand, Liturgy And Personality, Thomas V. Gourlay
Philosophy Papers and Journal Articles
Book Review: Liturgy and Personality. By Dietrich von Hildebrand. Steubenville, OH: Hildebrand Press, 2016. Pp. 160. US$17.99. ISBN 9781939773005.
Thomas Aquinas On The Effects Of Original Sin: A Philosophical Analysis, Angus Brook
Thomas Aquinas On The Effects Of Original Sin: A Philosophical Analysis, Angus Brook
Philosophy Papers and Journal Articles
No abstract is available for this article.
"There Is Another Kingdom": On The Politics Of Virtue, Tracey Rowland
"There Is Another Kingdom": On The Politics Of Virtue, Tracey Rowland
Philosophy Papers and Journal Articles
No abstract available for this article.
Pentateuch Exegesis: Pericope: Leviticus 8, Rebekah Walsh
Pentateuch Exegesis: Pericope: Leviticus 8, Rebekah Walsh
Aristos
This exegesis will argue that the selection and consecration of the Levites followed a process of divine and human preparation. The transformation that occurs through the carrying out of the rite of ordination and through the new office, as priests for the Lord, is a notable example of God’s mercy and faithfulness to his people, to whom he offers a means of atonement for sin and the possibility of holiness for the people.
Aquinas’ De Malo And The Ostensibly Problematic Status Of Natural Evil As Privation, Iñaki Xavier Larrauri Pertierra
Aquinas’ De Malo And The Ostensibly Problematic Status Of Natural Evil As Privation, Iñaki Xavier Larrauri Pertierra
Aristos
Arguments concerning the nature of natural evil vary in their conclusions depending on the particular approach with which they commence inquiry; one of the most contested conclusions regards evil as privation, sourcing its justification primarily from Aquinas’ metaphysical conception of good as being and evil as non-being. It should be of no surprise, then, that the dismissal of natural evil’s privative nature comes about when the understanding of natural evil favours a phenomenological approach rather than a metaphysical one. Proponents of said dismissal generally centre their claims around the notion of pain and suffering as substantially contentful – as in, …
Did Jesus Possess The Beatific Vision During His Incarnation?: A Comparative Essay On The Perspectives Of Thomas Joseph White And Thomas G. Weinandy, William Chami
Aristos
The idea that Jesus possessed the beatific vision during his earthly life had traditionally been upheld by Catholic theologians. However, in the last century or so, this idea has become heavily scrutinised by some of the biggest names in contemporary theology. This paper examines the works of two particular contemporary theologians on the issue, Thomas Joseph White and Thomas G. Weinandy. Thomas White defends the belief that Jesus, during his earthly life, possessed an immediate vision of the Father. White believes that the beatific vision is necessary for the Incarnate Son to know with certainty his own identity as …
In Defense Of Gun Control, Hugh Lafollette
In Defense Of Gun Control, Hugh Lafollette
Faculty Books
The gun control debate is more complex than we often acknowledge. What is often phrased as a single question -- should we have gun control -- Is actually made up of three distinct policy questions. First, who should we permit people to have guns? Second, which guns should be allowed? Thirdly, how should we regulate the acquisition, storage, and carrying of the guns people may legitimately own? To answer these questions we must decide whether (and which) people have a right to bear arms, what kind of right they have, and how stringent that right is. We must also evaluate …
Diversified Philosophy, Aili W. Bresnahan
Diversified Philosophy, Aili W. Bresnahan
Philosophy Faculty Publications
In this essay, Aili Bresnahan notes that institutions and many others are working to diversify the field of philosophy, in terms of the persons who count as philosophers, what counts as a legitimate philosophical methodology, and which phenomena and entities it handles. She writes that this is a positive development that will enrich and enliven the field so that, ultimately, philosophy survives.
Phil 201 Logic Syllabus, Robert Robinson
Phil 201 Logic Syllabus, Robert Robinson
Open Educational Resources
No abstract provided.
Phil 253 Logic Syllabus, Robert Robinson
Phil 253 Logic Syllabus, Robert Robinson
Open Educational Resources
No abstract provided.
If Nonhuman Animals Can Suicide, Why Don’T They?, C. A. Soper, Todd K. Shackelford
If Nonhuman Animals Can Suicide, Why Don’T They?, C. A. Soper, Todd K. Shackelford
Animal Sentience
An evolutionary analysis suggests that selection is unlikely to have tolerated the capacity for intentional self-killing in nonhuman animals. The potential to escape pain by suicide would have presented a recurrent and severe adaptive problem for an animal with a reproductive future to protect. If the potential for suicide arose in the evolutionary past, anti-suicide mechanisms may have co-evolved, as we believe they have in adult humans. Peña-Guzmán’s (2017) argument that some nonhuman animals can suicide is incomplete without an account of the defences that result in the vast majority opting not to.
The“Specialness” Of Religious Conscience: An Egalitarian Response, Joseph Marsden Dunne
The“Specialness” Of Religious Conscience: An Egalitarian Response, Joseph Marsden Dunne
Wayne State University Dissertations
Religion is often singled out for special legal treatment in Western societies. This is certainly true in the United States where religion enjoys a special place in the First Amendment to the Constitution via the Free Exercise and Establishment Clauses. Through Free Exercise guarantees, for example, the Supreme Court held in Wisconsin v. Yoder that Amish children were entitled to an exemption from compulsory school attendance laws after the eighth grade, emphasizing that this was a uniquely religious exemption that did not apply to everyone. Moreover, those conscientiously objecting to contemporary vaccination laws may find themselves with varying protections depending …
Drone Warfare And Just War Theory, Harry Van Der Linden
Drone Warfare And Just War Theory, Harry Van Der Linden
Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS
This book chapter addresses two questions. First, can targeted killing by drones in non-battlefield zones be justified on basis of just war theory? Second, will the proliferation and expansion of combat drones in warfare, including the introduction of autonomous drones, be an obstacle to initiating or executing wars in a just manner in the future? The first question is answered by applying traditional jus ad bellum (justice in the resort to war) and jus in bello (justice in the execution of war) principles to the American targeted killing campaign in Pakistan; the second question is answered on basis of principles …
Naked: The Dark Side Of Shame And Moral Life, Krista Karbowski Thomason
Naked: The Dark Side Of Shame And Moral Life, Krista Karbowski Thomason
Philosophy Faculty Works
We know shame can be a morally valuable emotion that helps us to realize when we fail to be the kinds of people we aspire to be. We feel shame when we fail to live up to the norms, standards, and ideals that we value as part of a virtuous life. But the lived reality of shame is far more complex and far darker than this -- the gut-level experience of shame that has little to do with failing to reach our ideals. We feel shame viscerally about nudity, sex, our bodies, and weaknesses or flaws that we can't control. …
Absurdist Sci-Fi Humor: Comparable Attitudes Regarding Absurdism In Hitchhiker’S Guide To The Galaxy And Rick And Morty, Rene L. Candelaria
Absurdist Sci-Fi Humor: Comparable Attitudes Regarding Absurdism In Hitchhiker’S Guide To The Galaxy And Rick And Morty, Rene L. Candelaria
OUR Journal: ODU Undergraduate Research Journal
Absurdism is a default thought of cosmic meaninglessness that society is continuously trying to solve to avoid depression and live with some ascribed meaning. Two parody science fiction series, Hitchikers’s Guide to the Galaxy and Rick and Morty, display similar outlooks on the answer to this social phenomenon. Both series explore the possible answers offered by religion, science, and philosophy as well as the inevitable failings of the three. Ultimately, both series agree that our pursuit of distractions, which hold personal and societal meaning, is the only answer because it is impossible to find meaning on a grander scale. …
Leader Self-Perceptions Of Ethics In And Out Of The Workplace And Personal Trustworthiness, Marcia W. Vanderwood
Leader Self-Perceptions Of Ethics In And Out Of The Workplace And Personal Trustworthiness, Marcia W. Vanderwood
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Ethical breaches in many organizations can be traced to failures in ethical leadership, which undermine trust. If a leader's ethical behavior in their private life and settings is perceived as influencing workplace ethics, it may in turn affect organizational trust levels and the development of trust. A quantitative study based on the social learning and moral theory was conducted to determine whether a difference exists between a leader's self-perceptions of their ethical behaviors inside and outside of the workplace, and whether it affects their perceived personal trustworthiness. Participants' (N = 94) scores on work and nonwork versions of the ethical …
Chicken Minds And Moral Standing, Kristin Andrews
Chicken Minds And Moral Standing, Kristin Andrews
Animal Sentience
Some of the cognitive traits that Marino reviews are not in themselves relevant to ethics, either for chickens or human infants, but affective traits are, among them desires.