Digital Commons Network^™

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacebuilding From The Diaspora, Elena B, Stavrevska, Sveto Muhammad Ishoq, Shadi Rouhshahbaz, Kay Soe, Briana Mawby, Carolyne Komen

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Diaspora communities have long played critical roles in peacebuilding efforts in their countries of origin, yet the contributions of women within these communities remain significantly underexplored and underappreciated. This report seeks to address this gap by focusing on the unique roles, challenges and contributions of women in diaspora-led peacebuilding initiatives. Women in the diaspora — often navigating complex identities and facing distinct challenges — are vital actors in promoting peace, reconciliation and social change in their homelands.

Drawing on a comprehensive review of literature, research interviews, and detailed case studies, this report provides a nuanced understanding of how diaspora women …

Towards A Unified Framework For Knowledge Tracing With Graph Convolutional And Neural Architectures, Yaxi Su, Mohamad Yusof Darus, Norizan Mat Diah, Jinpeng Huang, Azlin Ramli

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

This paper sets out to propose a unified theoretical framework for knowledge tracing (KT) that combines graph convolutional networks (GCNs) with neural sequence architectures in intelligent tutoring systems. While existing methods have achieved some success, they face limitations in modelling relational dependencies among concepts and the temporal progression of learner behaviour. Building on socio-constructivist views of knowledge as a network of relations and connectionist accounts of learning as adaptation over time, the framework integrates graph-based relational reasoning with sequence-based temporal modelling. The argument advanced here is that the integration offers interpretable representations of knowledge states while preserving predictive performance. The …

Population Health And Systems Science: Medical Student Feedback On A Novel Approach That Follows A National Curricular Framework, Jeffrey Levin, Gary Beck Dallaghan, Chaynee Atwood, Vanessa Casanova, Cynthia Ball, Theresa Byrd, Emmanuel Elueze, Michael Kennedy, Dalia Nessim, Peter Pendegrass, Yordanos Tiruneh

School of Medicine Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: Population Health and System Science, a longitudinal course at a new medical school in northeast Texas, incorporates case-based learning and experiential field visits during an 18-month pre-clerkship phase. The course integrates content from public and population health, preventive medicine disciplines, and health administration and leadership. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey assessed student self-reports on achievement of session objectives and introduction to national core curricular, cross-cutting, and systems thinking domains. Results: Of 36 students, 33 responded. Most rated objectives favorably. Open-ended responses highlighted relevance to future practice and requested more content on biostatistics, epidemiology, health equity, and healthcare economics, …

The Leadership And Organizational Traits Of Healthy Church Cultures, Stephen Blandino

Doctor of Ministry (DMin)

The leadership and organizational cultures of local churches are crucial. Over the centuries, these cultures have been shaped by various factors, from the teachings of the Apostle Paul and Apostle Peter in the New Testament to the behaviors and practices of the Catholic Church, the influence of the Reformation, and insights from modern research. This dissertation identifies ten leadership and organizational traits that have influenced the culture of New Testament, historical, and modern-day churches. These traits were used in a quantitative survey to assess their presence in contemporary churches. Based on the research, eight strategies are presented to help pastors …

Implementing A Standardized Ssri Tapering Protocol In The Outpatient Setting, Chelsea Sopo-Ngwa

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Scholarly Project

Problem: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are one of the most prescribed antidepressant medications in the outpatient psychiatric setting. Abrupt discontinuation or improper tapering of these medications may result in SSRI withdrawal symptoms. Adverse effects may lead to poor patient outcomes and increase healthcare utilization. A baseline chart review and provider readiness survey within the outpatient psychiatric practice revealed inconsistency in provider documentation related to SSRI tapering plans, patient education, and follow-up planning. The gap in practice highlighted the lack of a standardized SSRI tapering protocol to guide evidence-based medication tapering practices and promote patient safety.

Aim: The …

Young Feminist Organizing In The State Of Yucatán, Mexico: A Case Study, Natalia Tenorio, Sonia Cruz, Esperanza Basurto, Anel Bobadilla, Paulina Márquez, Ricardo Regules

Adolescents and Young People

As part of the Participatory Action Research (PAR) Study on Young Feminist Organizing in Mexico and Kenya, this case study was conducted in the Yucatán, Mexico to understand the particularities of the feminist movement and organization led by young women in this state. The case study included in-depth interviews and focus groups with representatives of feminist organizations and collectives, civil society organizations, and public institutions. These were conducted in Mérida, the capital of the state of Yucatán, as described in the methodological note.

This brief summarizes the current issues that mobilize young feminists in the state of Yucatán, their forms …

Changing Lives, Transforming Communities: How Young Feminist Organizations Create Change In Mexico And Kenya, Population Council Kenya

Adolescents and Young People

The Young Feminist Organizing (YFO) study was initiated in response to a call for proposals by two anonymous funders to conduct a Participatory Action Research evaluation (PARe) of young feminist movements across Kenya and Mexico. The project was implemented by the Population Council in Kenya and Mexico, with technical support from the GIRL Center, and through a Feminist Advisory Panel (FAP) and a Core Participatory Evaluation Community (Core PARe). The study's duration was 31 months, starting from September 2022 to March 2025. This end-of-project report summarizes the key findings, lessons learned, challenges encountered, mitigation strategies employed, and emerging opportunities.

Indigenous And Online: Implications For Contemporary Zapotec Language Acquisition And Heritage Learning In Central Oaxaca, Esénia Bañuelos , '26

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

Within the Indigenous communities of the United States and Mexico, combating language loss in a moment of exponential language loss is one of working in conjunction with contemporary tools – or creating the future of language preservation itself from them. Technological advances of the 21st century– including the expansion of instant messaging, video streaming, and photography sharing platforms– have sometimes been considered antithetical to language reclamation practices and Indigenous cultural maintenance more generally (Chibrow and Meighan-Chibrow, 2021; Warschauer, 1998). One example of this is made visible in concerns expressed by First Nations Elders in that technology may be depended upon …

Colonial Christianity: The Language Of Evangelization Through The Levanto 1766 Joyful Mysteries Of The Rosary Poems, Lillian E. Chan , '26

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

This thesis presents a translation from Colonial Valley Zapotec to English of the five poems based on the biblical Joyful Mysteries of the Rosary found in the 1766 Christian catechism attributed to Dominican friar Leonardo Levanto. I analyze the construction of the linguistic strategies revealed by the translation (periphrasis, semantic bifurcation, neologisms, calques, and metaphors) as well as examine the extent to which these constructions were poetic innovations versus drawing on already-established language. Together, the translation and analysis of the Levanto (1766) Joyful Mysteries of the Rosary poems illustrate how language was used as a tool for evangelization in colonial …

Financial Dynamics Of Cooperatives Of The Popular And Solidarity Economy Of Ecuador: An Analysis Using The Tucker3 Model And Projection With Multidimensional Neutrosophic Regression, Gabriela Valeria Bustos–Chiliquinga, Purificación Galindo-Villardón, Cristian Cornejo Gaete

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study relies on the Tucker3 model as a factorization model of multivariate analyses since the goal is to evaluate the financial dependency structure of Ecuador's cooperative sector of the Popular and Solidarity Economy (PSE) between 2016–2023. A population sample of 25 cooperatives belonging to segment 1 was analyzed in terms of their behavior across seven significant financial variables for eight consecutive years, factoring into a 25×7×8 tensor. Relative to variances in behavior, the ultimate benefits of some entities become clear as high profitability and sound liquidity trends emerge over time; yet for others, high delinquency and non-growth levels emerge. …

A Model Of Organizational Dynamics Of Phonological Knowledge In Preschool Children Based On Bratianu’S Theory And The Neutrosophic Ahp Technique, Glenda Quimera Ramírez-Apolo, Mila Inés Moreno-Pramatarova, Patricia Elizabeth Lima-Rosero, Sylvia Shayana Tapia-Tapia, María Soledad Andino-Acosta, Mercy Paulina Guerrero-Olalla, Ivonne Cristina Unda-Vargas, Salomé Ruales-Paredes

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Phonological knowledge is a component of linguistics that allows children to understand the relationship between sounds and words. It is a skill that should be stimulated and enhanced from the age of 3, as children begin the process of reading and writing at 6. If this component is not yet acquired, it can generate difficulties in the school stage, where learning demands are more challenging and higher cognitive processes are required in terms of decoding phonemes, graphemes, words, and sentences. In this paper, we propose a model that allows us to study the dynamics of phonological knowledge in preschool children. …

Analysis Of The Evolution Of Expert Opinion On Sustainability Policies Through The Neutrosophic Statis Method, Purificación Vicente Galindo

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Yet the problem of evaluating sustainability policies over time stems from needing to monitor the changing nature of expert agreement needed for dependency-based improvements in the environment. While this is undoubtedly helpful for relatively sustainable action, easier said than done requires methodological systems to assess how agreement grows and solidifies. Here it should be noted that the conventional STATIS approach, while successful in multivariate assessment, lacks the capacity to evaluate expert assessments factoring uncertainty, indeterminacy, and subjectivity. Therefore, this research goes on to fill this void with the neutrosophic STATIS method applied to a panel of experts assessing ten (10) …

Analysis Of Hydraulic Behavior In Pressurized Systems With Different Automation Mechanisms Using Neutrosophic Superhypersoft Sets, Santiago Salomon Chicaiza-Toapaxi, Anthony Alexander Ortega-Toapanta, Héctor Luis Laurencio-Alfonso

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Residential pressurization has significantly influenced energy consumption, particularly in systems with low-power pumps. Therefore, this study assessed the hydraulic and energy performance of three configurations: a centrifugal pump with presscontrol, a hydropneumatic system, and a hybrid system, structured using Neutrosophic SuperHyperSoft Sets. The results indicated that the presscontrol system exhibited the highest efficiency (22.48%), followed by the hybrid system (21.62%) and the hydropneumatic system (20.17%), with minimal differences in operational flow rates. It was concluded that although these systems do not meet high-demand scenarios, they are efficient for most common sanitary fixtures, optimizing energy consumption and sustainability in residential and …

Design Of A Maintenance Protocol Based On Bipolar Neutrosophic Analysis For Severe Depression, Karina Alejandra Álvarez Lino

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Severe depression has been one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and maintains a high risk of relapses even after successful treatment, especially in medium-sized cities in Latin America. Therefore, this study focused on the design of a clinical maintenance protocol based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), aimed at young adults residing in Ambato, Ecuador, who had previously received Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). To this end, a bipolar neutrosophic analysis of depression was conducted to determine the attributes that impact the identified patients and define the design of the proposal. The designed protocol was structured into eight group sessions, …

Structured Analysis Of A Generator Set Lubrication System Using Vertex Articulation In Plithogenic N-Superhypergraphs, Gonzalo X. Vizuete, Cristian F. Gallardo, Gabriela Vizuete

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The primary function of the generator set installed in a remote oil field location is to supply electrical power for crude oil extraction. Due to operational demands, the lubrication system was upgraded to improve oil quality and reduce particulate contamination. This study assessed particulate contamination by applying the ISO 4406 cleanliness code, evaluating oil properties, and monitoring engine wear, using the Plithogenic n-SuperHyperGraph model as a structural framework. Oil samples were analyzed before and after implementing an external microfiltration system. Initial ISO codes of 22/21/19 were recorded; after 552 hours of operation, the ISO code improved to 19/18/15, achieving 91.25% …

Multineutrosophic Analysis With The Aras Method For Selecting Trading Strategies, Alberto Sánchez Pena, Yunisleydis García Ramírez, Irina Reyes Martinez, Tatiana Velázquez Ramírez, Lisbet Eunice Pérez Anzardo

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Deciding on optimal business solutions is a perennial problem for firms challenged by ever-changing market environments. Currently, the choice of a solution entails multidimensional requirements in addition to similar uncertainties and vagueness factoring human fallibility and ever-challenging market conditions. Even though thousands of systems for decision-making support exist, the dedicated scholarly literature does not support any advancement that would ease an all-encompassing evaluation of strategic solutions during complete uncertainty or information vagueness. Therefore, this research aims to fill this theoretical gap by creating a new approach based on practical application. This new approach is based on the employment of the …

Determining Factors For Minimizing Oven Downtime Through Controlled Batch Management: A Multineutrosophic Approach With Aras, Shakila Devi Gt, Sangeetha S, Maikel Yelandi Leyva Vazquez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study addresses a critical operational challenge in the baking industry: minimizing oven downtime through effective batch processing control. This study assesses which factors are the most critical contributors to minimizing downtime on batch processing operations to hypothesize efficiencies. But why is this problem? Sadly, much research has been done and found that ineffective resource allocation not only wastes funds but also increases carbon footprint for unnecessary baking, which is ironic since fresh products must drive demand at a low-cost. Furthermore, minimizing downtime allows for the more sustainability-oriented production that today's manufacturers are on the hook for. Therefore, testing new …

Neutrosophic-Logistic Hybrid Model To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Penitentiary Policies And Their Impact On Criminal Recidivism In Ecuador, Ignacio Fernando Barcos Arias, Jennifer Angelina Almagro Triana, Ariana Michelle Mazacón Campoverde, Jason Guayaquil Cobo

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study aims to develop a hybrid model that combines neutrosophic logic with logistic regression to evaluate the effectiveness of prison policies in Ecuador and their impact on criminal recidivism. The central problem lies in the inefficiency of the Ecuadorian prison system, characterized by high levels of intra-prison violence, deficiencies in rehabilitation and social reintegration programs, and a rising recidivism rate among inmates. This situation is exacerbated by the employment discrimination that ex-offenders face when reintegrating into society, which limits their opportunities and encourages the repetition of criminal behavior. The methodology applied was a mixed approach, with a non-experimental cross-sectional …

Measuring The Degree Of Agreement Between Teachers' And Employers' Perceptions Of The Pedagogical Model, Using Plitogenic Statistics, Carla Gutiérrez Quiroz, Luis Abdon Rivera Paredes

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The systemic model of pedagogical management in the professional training of administrators of Instituto Superior Tecnológico Bolivariano de Tecnología (Ecuador) is assessed based upon the controversial findings of teachers and employers. The authors applied plithogenic statistics to quasi-measure the consensus/controversy between perceptions and triangulated data (interview with professors, survey with students and employers). It seems the significant controversy suggests that 1) systematic pedagogical management does not exist; 2) there's no pedagogical connection between university and enterprises; 3) teachers are not certified in innovative methodologies. Thus, a systematic model is recommended that relies upon strategic assessments to ensure vocational training relative …

Relative Impact Of Probiotics On Improving Insulin Resistance In Women With Pcos: An Evaluation With Neutrosophic Plithogenic Statistics, Carlos Castañeda Guillot, Ronelsys Martínez Martínez, Yohan Manuel Mancha Alfonso

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This research was undertaken to determine the relative effectiveness of probiotics on insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) via neutrosophic Plithogenic statistics to gauge treatment effectiveness. This is based upon three considerations—truth (clinical improvement), indeterminacy (possible effectiveness), and falsity (ineffectiveness)—for the end goal of determining how probiotics change gut microbiota to change metabolic factors associated with this endocrine disorder. Neutrosophic Plithogenic statistics were applied to analyze heterogeneous data to present the effective, uncertain, and ineffective values in correspondence to clinical findings such as insulin assessments, HOMA-IR index, and inflammatory markers. The major results found were that probiotic, …

Neutrosophic Assessment Of Evidence In Cases Of Divorce Due To Adultery: An Application Of The Owa-Topsis Model To The Evidentiary Obstacle In The Ecuadorian Legal System, Jason Humberto Ruiz Silva, Esther Maricela Coello Avilés, Vanessa Josefa Hernández Alvarado

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The current research resolves an internal issue of the Ecuadorian legal system: the assessment of evidence for divorce by adultery, an unjust approach since it cannot always be evidenced properly. Thus, when judges have the power to rule, their authority is compromised since one of the most crucial elements of adjudicatory due process is equity, and equity stems from objectivity. Unfortunately, we see subjectivity here stemming from the uncertainty and indeterminacy relative to such evidence. While much literature exists relative to the analysis of judicial determination, little evolution occurs relative to a solid approach that incorporates such uncertainty and indeterminacy …

Structural Equilibrium In Universities: Quality, Finance And Sustainability From An Empirical Perspective: An Integrative Analysis With Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps, Claudio Ruff, Herminia Gavilán, Juliana Vassileva, Bastián Gutiérrez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study explores the structural relationships between institutional financial health and academic quality in Chilean higher education institutions (HEIs) by applying multivariate tools such as the dynamic HJ- Biplot and fixed-effects regression models for panel data, complemented by neutrosophic cognitive maps (NCMs). Using data from the 2016–2023 period, differentiated institutional trajectories are analyzed based on their membership in free tuition policies, university type (CRUCH, private), and financial structure. The results show that variables such as student retention, physical infrastructure, and academic training significantly influence key financial indicators such as liquidity, leverage, and operating margin. NCMs reveal degrees of indeterminacy in …

A Multivariate Framework For Measuring International Mobility In Tertiary Education With Neutrosophic Sentiment Assessment, Álvaro Toledo-San-Martin, Claudio Ruff -Escobar, Purification Galindo-Villardon, Purificación Vicente-Galindo

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

International mobility of tertiary education is vital for countries engaged in innovative educational research and those wishing to stay ahead in the field. However, cross-national comparisons face a challenge in methodology induced by the phenomenon's multi-dimensionality. This study analyzes the international mobility of tertiary education in 29 countries from 2013 to 2020 using international students as a percentage of enrollment as a primary dependent variable. The goal is to evaluate trends across nations and subsequently propose a composite index of the multi-dimensional phenomenon. A variety of multivariate analytical techniques were employed; for example, STATIS (Structuring de Tableaux À Trois) Statistics …

Digital Divide In Latin America: A Multivariate And Neutrosophic Delphi Analysis For Inclusion And Public Policy, Cristian Cornejo Gaete, Viviana Tartakowsky Pezoa, Claudio Ruff Escobar, Jaime Zañartu Reyes

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study examines access to digital connectivity in Latin America, highlighting both progress and persistent structural inequalities. In the context of the pandemic, the internet has consolidated its position as an essential tool for daily life, highlighting deep gaps between countries, urban and rural areas, and different socioeconomic groups. Using the graphical multivariate HJ-Biplot method, complemented by a Neutrosophic Delphi approach to model indeterminacies in digital inclusion policies, the research question is addressed: How are Latin American and Caribbean countries grouped according to their level of access to digital connectivity, considering socioeconomic, age, ¿and geographic differences? The hypothesis guiding this …

Innovation Ecosystems And Economic Performance In Latin America: A Multivariate And Plithogenic Neutrosophic Approach To The Global Innovation Index, Héctor Fernández, Purification Galindo-Villardón, Marcelo Ruiz, Alexis Pérez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The article is a retrospective assessment of the innovation landscape in Latin America between 2012-2022. The assessment is conducted through a multivariate and neutrosophic plithogenic approach based on the Global Innovation Index (GII). The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) assesses the factors constituting the GII creation to reveal invisible dimensions of innovation, while k-means clustering divides the observations into three clusters relevant to structural ability and innovative achievements. Moreover, a multiple linear regression calculates the relative importance of the GII pillars compared to the mean value, revealing that the economic dimension of resources/infrastructure, human capital, and research generate the highest results. …

Research Trajectories In Latin American Universities: A Multivariate And Plithogenic Analysis Of Global Rankings, Marcelo Ruiz, Bastián Guitérrez, Aleksandra Michenkova, Luis Benites

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study investigates Latin American universities' performance in global rankings through a multivariate, multitemporal approach across the elements of scientific productivity, research influence and internationalization. Subsequently applying HJ- Biplot and clustering analysis reveals the timeliness of differentiated institutional trajectories and the ascendance of structural clusters related to research capacity models. The data are derived from THE and QS rankings and SCImago and comprise the following elements: citations per professor, extremely cited articles, collaboration networks, quantity of grants submitted and more. Conclusions indicate that specific countries and universities of certain types not only yield heterogeneous outcomes but also require targeted measures …

Predictive Modeling Of Atrial Fibrillation Using A Hybrid Multinomial-Neutrosophic Approach For Biomarker Identification, Lorenzo Cevallos-Torres, Luis Pilacuan-Bonete, Rosangela Caicedo-Quiroz, Franklin Parrales-Bravo, Eduardo Rubio-Bonito

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Atrial fibrillation, characterized by chaotic rhythms and electrical complexity, presents a diagnostic challenge that requires innovative approaches to uncover its underlying biomarkers. This study proposes a hybrid predictive model based on multinomial logistic regression and neutrosophic logic, aiming to identify clinically significant patterns associated with this condition. Using the Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) methodology, large volumes of cardiovascular data are analyzed to distinguish meaningful signals from background noise, revealing hidden connections and validating medical hypotheses. The implementation of the model through a digital prototype reflects a convergence of advanced statistics, artificial intelligence, and cardiovascular medicine, promoting a multidisciplinary approach. …

Prediction Of Therapeutic Response To Probiotics In Inflammatory Bowel Diseases With Neutrosophic Regression, Carlos Castañeda Guillot, Ronelsys Martínez Martínez, Yohan Manuel Mancha Alfonso

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Therapeutic prediction response to probiotics in the field of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been a struggle for the gastroenterology field of studies. However, as IBD increases in the general population and varying reports of treatment response due to heterogeneous use of probiotics suggests greater predictive need. In addition, based on the multitude of articles currently published correlating the gut microbiome with disease pathology, there remains a theoretical gap in the literature. That is, the application of neutrosophic statistics to simulate the uncertainties experienced by biological information and later clinical real world data. This article seeks to fill that gap …

Effectiveness Of Dogmatic Criminal Law Reasoning In The Permanent Structure Of The General Theory Of Crime And Punishment Through Plithogenic N-Superhypergraphs, Luis A. Crespo-Berti, Josía Jeseff Isea Argüelles, Marco Patricio Villa Zura

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study solves a central problem associated with criminal law: the theory and punishment of criminal law is assessed via transcendentally structured criminal law theory and punishment essentially static via a legal dogmatic approach. While transcendental are necessary for a normative understanding of criminal law, in reality, they apply to no situationally based real-world construction of intersecting cases, meaning transcendental assessments render static, decontextualized conclusions. Yet the application exists in criminal law but literature does not create a system that affords criminals, crimes, and punishment the non-certain, paradoxical, and variable components associated with them and a legal system. Therefore, this …

Neutrosophic Classification Of The Factors That Shape The Professional Profile Of Students In Ecuadorian Higher Education, Ana Jacqueline Noblecilla Olaya, María Paredes Morales, Amor Lalama Franco, Dalva Icaza Rivera, Fabrizzio Andrade Zamora

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This article examines the professional profile of university students in the context of uncertainty of Ecuador. What constitutes this professional profile? Technical skills? Soft skills? Demands of the international and national market? This is relevant to the nation because the employability situation of the country depends on economic development. The correlation between higher education and economic development has been complicated by developments that exploit imperfectly educated people for demand within the employment market. Thus, a professional profile is neither the first study of such developments; however, few studies exist that assess the professional profile through uncertainty and contradiction which means …