Digital Commons Network^™

The Incidence Of Unplanned Reoperation And The Related Risk Factors In Pediatric Surgery At A Tertiary Care Center In Saudi Arabia, Noura M. Almutairi, Mohammed K. Alnamshan, Suliman Mohammed Alaqeel

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate unplanned reoperation (URO) as a quality indicator and identify its rate and associated risk factors at our institution. Parental satisfaction and patient safety are crucial, necessitating an investigation into the factors influencing unplanned return to the operating room rates. Understanding the reasons behind UROs and how to prevent them is vital for improving surgical services. Methods: This study employs a retrospective cohort design to analyze existing patient data from King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It aims to evaluate clinical endpoints and factors associated with unplanned reoperations, which are defined as any secondary …

Assessing Digital Citizenship Among Students And Technology Competency Of Teachers, Mary Anthony C. Sieras

Ateneo Institute for The Science and Art of Learning and Teaching

Digital citizenship and technology competency are vital for effective teaching and learning in today’s technology-driven educational environment (Ribble, 2011). Despite widespread technology use, challenges persist regarding students’ responsible and ethical use of digital tools, highlighting the need for improved digital citizenship education (Ribble & Bailey, 2004). Teachers’ proficiency in integrating technology is key to fostering students’ positive digital practices (Department of Education, 2017). This study aimed to assess the digital citizenship levels of junior high school students and the technology competence of their teachers. Grounded in Mike Ribble’s nine elements of digital citizenship and the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers’ …

The Nuances Of Prosecutorial Nonenforcement, Meighan R. Parsh, Carissa Byrne Hessick

William & Mary Law Review

The academic literature on prosecutors is divided: Some commentors believe that prosecutors should more aggressively use their ability to decline to bring charges, decreasing the overall number of criminal cases and helping to address the problem of mass incarceration. Others believe that broad prosecutorial nonenforcement poses significant risks to our constitutional order and public safety. While the visibility of this debate has increased—spilling over from the pages of law reviews into political campaigns and headlines—the terms of this debate are at times unclear. Prosecutorial nonenforcement is a multifaceted phenomenon, and discussions about its costs and benefits can obscure necessary tradeoffs …

Presuming Justice For Temp Workers, Andrew Elmore, Kati L. Griffith, Sachin S. Pandya

William & Mary Law Review

Workers need to know who their employers are. Who is responsible for remedying workplace dangers? Who can they sue for restitution when they are discriminated against at work, or do not get paid for all of the hours they work? Temp agency contracts complicate these seemingly simple questions. In workers’ rights cases involving “temps,” courts and administrative agencies often engage in protracted, resource-intensive joint employer inquiries to decide whether the temp agency clients share in employer obligations and liabilities with the agencies. This is the case even when the temp agency client has the key markers of an “employer,” such …

Killing Through Their Kids, Dyllan Moreno Taxman

William & Mary Law Review

In early 2024, James and Jennifer Crumbley were sentenced to over a decade in prison after their son, Ethan, shot and killed four classmates at Oxford High School in Michigan. The Crumbley parents incurred manslaughter liability by ignoring Ethan’s deteriorating mental state, gifting him the murder weapon, and failing to act on concerns about Ethan’s behavior on the day of the shooting. The Crumbleys were the first parents of a school shooter to be convicted of a homicide in American history. This Article suggests they will be far from the last. Indeed, less than one year after the Crumbley convictions, …

Findings On Dwelling In A Touristic Transit Space In Maligcong, Bontoc, Karl Eli Reyno Alconis

Institute of Philippine Culture (IPC)

Structure, Agency, and Culture: Examining the Influence of Organizational Culture in Succession Planning in Higher Education Institutions Conference: The Asian Conference on Education (ACE2025) Title: Structure, Agency, and Culture: Examining the Influence of Organizational Culture in Succession Planning in Higher Education Institutions Submission Number: 96492 Date Submitted: May 22, 2025 Stream: Educational Policy, Leadership, Management & Administration Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Current Status: Accepted Authors: Ferdinand Rellorosa, Ateneo De Manila University, Philippines Abstract: Succession planning (SP) is vital for leadership continuity and institutional sustainability (Ahmad et al., 2020; Rothwell, 2005). While largely studied in corporate settings, its application in higher …

"A Beacon Of Service In A Troubled World": Restoring The United Nations' Human Rights Reputation By Standardizing Extradition Practices For Accused Human Traffickers, Brook Whitley

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

Image Captioning Through The Lens Of The Gricean Maxims: Generating Meaningful And Relevant Image Descriptions, Annika Lindh

Doctoral

Image captioning models enable us to automatically generate natural language image descriptions for previously unseen images. It combines the two fields of computer vision and natural language generation, allowing models to interpret the con tent of an image and communicate that knowledge through natural language text.

Research into image captioning has the potential benefit of reducing the gap in digital information availability between fully sighted individuals and those who are visually impaired. However, automatically generated captions often fail to provide the required level of detail and specificity to achieve this goal. Furthermore, current standard evaluation methods are insufficient at measuring …

A Comparison Of Comparisons: Evidence From An International Comparative Study Of 'Smart Cities', Kevin Ward, Teresa Abbruzzese, Tim Bunnell, Paolo Cardullo, I-Chun Catherine Chang, Byron Miller, Ramon Ribera-Fumaz, Haeran Shin, Zachary Spicer, Orlando Woods

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Every year the list lengthens of cities with some sort of ‘smart city’ public policy. In some, it emerges as the latest in a long line of urban digital and information communication policies. In others, the introduction of the notion of the ‘smart city’ marks a departure from past approaches to public policy. Additionally, the more studies emerge of actual smart city policies, then the less definitional agreement there seems to be. Nevertheless, that we have witnessed in the last two decades the ‘repeated instance’ of smart cities emerging in cities around the world seems incontrovertible. Like so much urban …

Home And Religion, Emma Alexandra Grimley, Orlando Woods, Lily Kong

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This chapter explores how religious practices and identities intersect with the home as both a construct and physical locale and surveys the social science literature on religion in/and the home. We argue that the shifting space-times of religious practice reflect and influence the changeable and porous boundaries between public and private space, the home and beyond the home. This influence is shown by reference to three areas of focus: the home as a private space of and for religion; the use of religion to cross social and spatial boundaries of home; and the reconfiguration of the home in religious practice …

The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly: A Comparative Constitutional Analysis Of Whistleblowing Speech, The Government's Managerial Domain, And The Imperatives Of Democratic Self-Government, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.

Articles

Since issuing its 1968 landmark decision in Pickering, which first recognized that the First Amendment protects government employees' speech about matters of public concern, the US. Supreme Court has proceeded to whittle away First Amendment protections for government employees. The Justices have done so by adopting a series of categorical exclusions to Pickering that all strongly favor the government as an employer and manager. These subsequent decisions have created a jurisprudential obstacle course that government employees must successfully run in order to invoke the Free Speech Clause at all. The current U.S. approach is plainly bad. However, it could be …

Biophysical Processes Of Morphogenesis In Lizard Lungs, Kaleb Hill, Aaron H. Griffing, Michael A. Palmer, Bezia Lemma, Aria S. Lupo, Tony Gamble, Natalia A. Shylo, Andrej Kosmrlj, Paul A. Trainor, Celeste M. Nelson

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Background

The lungs of squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) are highly diverse, exhibiting single chambers, multiple chambers, transitional forms with two to three chambers, along with a suite of other anatomical features, including finger-like epithelial projections into the body cavity known as diverticulae. During embryonic development of the simple, sac-like lungs of anoles, the epithelium is pushed through the openings of a pulmonary smooth muscle mesh by the forces of luminal fluid pressure. This process of stress ball morphogenesis generates the faveolar epithelium typical of squamate lungs.

Results

Here, we compared embryonic lung development in brown anoles, leopard geckos, and …

More Alike Than Not: The Open Access Preferences Of Humanities Scholars, Rachel E. Scott, Ana Dubnjakovic

Faculty and Staff Publications – Milner Library

Several studies have noted that humanists have not been as quick or enthusiastic in their adoption of Open Access (OA) as their colleagues in other disciplines. This article leverages the Ithaka S+R US 2021 Faculty Survey to provide contextualized analysis of the OA and Open Education Resources (OER) preferences of humanities scholars, as well as some practices related to OA and OER, relative to their colleagues in other disciplines. Findings suggest that although humanists do stand apart in many OA preferences, the small effect sizes render these differences less important than previously suspected. The implications of these findings are considered …

New Measures For Richer Theories: Some Thoughts And An Example, Orazio Attanasio, Victor Sancibrian, Federica Ambrosio

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

For a long time, the majority of economists doing empirical work relied on choice data, while data based on answers to hypothetical questions, stated preferences or measures of subjective beliefs were met with some skepticism. Although this has changed recently, much work needs to be done. In this paper, we emphasize the identifying content of new economic measures. In the first part of the paper, we discuss where the literature on measures in economics stands at the moment. We first consider how the design and use of new measures can help identify causal links and structural parameters under weaker assumptions …

Analysis Of Content Related To Retrograde Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction On Tiktok: Opportunities For Patient Education And Advocacy, Aidan Wright, Nathaniel Hunter, Vivian Jin, Andrew Tritter

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: TikTok has experienced exponential growth as a social media platform, with over 1 billion active users. Concurrently, retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction (RCPD) has seen a surge in awareness among patients and on social media. Our objective was to characterize the most popular RCPD-related content on TikTok.

Methods: The top 50 videos associated with the following hashtags were analyzed: "RCPD," "noburp," "retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction," and "noburpsyndrome." Recorded metrics included views, likes, and comments, along with information regarding the creator's identity, gender, geographical location, and the video's purpose.

Results: One hundred and three videos were included in the final analysis, with a …

Finding A New Enforcer: Combatting International Corporate Tax Avoidance With Multinational Organizations, Ryan Mcnicholas

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

Language, Law, And Wealth Destruction In Puerto Rico, Scott M. Brown, Daniel J. Hall

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

Institutional Metaphors And The Meta Oversight Board, Tao Huang

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

From Pachymeningitis Hemorrhagica To Abusive Head Trauma: A Journey Through The Centuries, Oliver Berthold, Flora Blangis, Christopher Spencer Greeley

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The development of medical knowledge follows specific principles. These also apply to abusive head trauma. The seminal literature from the early 20th century is based on earlier research from Europe, which is fundamental to understand the evolution of understanding and nomenclature of abusive head trauma. A review of original medical literature on intracranial injuries in children, published in German, English, and French, was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar for articles before 1950. The primary search focused on subdural hemorrhages and pachymeningitis in children, followed by a snowball search of references. Full texts of available manuscripts were reviewed. Primary literature …

Targeting Steroid Receptor Coactivators For The Treatment Of Benign Female Reproductive Disorders, Yuri Park, Jaeyeong Jeong, Eunsu Kim, Nuri Sung, Sang Jun Han

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) are master regulators of nuclear receptor signaling and play essential roles in female reproductive physiology. By integrating steroid hormone signaling with growth factors and metabolic pathways, SRC-1, SRC-2, and SRC-3 coordinate key processes such as decidualization, placental development, and ovarian function. Dysregulation of SRCs is strongly linked to the progression of benign gynecologic disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and uterine fibroids, largely through enhancing hormonal hypersensitivity and disrupting nuclear receptor-mediated cellular pathways. Emerging evidence further implicates specific SRC isoforms in disease pathogenesis, underscoring their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. To inhibit SRC activity, …

Gregor: Accelerating Genomics For Rare Diseases, Moez Dawood, Ben Heavner, Marsha M Wheeler, Rachel A Ungar, Jonathan Lotempio, Laurens Wiel, Seth Berger, Jonathan A Bernstein, Jessica X Chong, Emmanuèle C Délot, Evan E Eichler, James R Lupski, Ali Shojaie, Michael E Talkowski, Alex H Wagner, Chia-Lin Wei, Christopher Wellington, Matthew T Wheeler, Gregor Partner Members, Claudia M B Carvalho, Richard A Gibbs, Casey A Gifford, Susanne May, Danny E Miller, Heidi L Rehm, Kaitlin E Samocha, Fritz J Sedlazeck, Eric Vilain, Anne O'Donnell-Luria, Jennifer E Posey, Lisa H Chadwick, Michael J Bamshad, Stephen B Montgomery, Genomics Research To Elucidate The Genetics Of Rare Diseases (Gregor) Consortium

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rare diseases are collectively common, affecting approximately 1 in 20 individuals worldwide. In recent years, rapid progress has been made in rare disease diagnostics due to advances in next-generation sequencing, development of new computational and functional genomics approaches to prioritize genes and variants and increased global sharing of clinical and genetic data. However, more than half of individuals suspected to have a rare disease lack a genetic diagnosis. The Genomics Research to Elucidate the Genetics of Rare Diseases (GREGoR) Consortium was initiated to study thousands of challenging rare disease cases and families and apply, standardize and evaluate emerging genomics technologies …

Targeting The Hippo Pathway For Cardiac Regeneration, Rich Gang Li, Fansen Meng, James F Martin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Ischemic heart disease, which affects more than 200 million people worldwide, is caused by reduced blood flow to the heart and leads to widespread cardiomyocyte death. Due to the limited regenerative potential of cardiomyocytes, the lost tissue is replaced by a fibrotic scar, resulting in reduced cardiac function and progression to heart failure. Current therapeutic interventions aim to improve blood flow but cannot address the inability of cardiomyocytes to renew after injury. However, multiple studies have shown that modulating the Hippo signaling pathway to activate Yes-associated protein (YAP), a transcription coactivator, in adult murine and porcine cardiomyocytes induces robust cardiomyocyte …

High Risk Of Persistence And Risk Of Dysplasia After Diagnosis Of Ultrashort Barrett's Esophagus, Wasseem Skef, Jasmine Haydel, Ashwin Rao, Ronan Allencherril, Rollin George, Gyanprakash A Ketwaroo, Aaron P Thrift, Hashem B El-Serag, Theresa Nguyen Wenker

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: The management of ultrashort (< 1 cm) Barrett's esophagus (BE) remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of ultrashort BE (USBE) at index diagnosis, identify factors associated with persistent BE after USBE diagnosis, and identify risk of dysplasia after initial USBE in a population of US veterans.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study at the Veterans Affairs hospital in Houston, TX, of consecutive patients with new BE diagnosis from November 1990 to June 2022 with follow-up through April 2023. Using a pathology database, we identified patients with a new USBE diagnosis and any subsequent follow-up esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). We examined the association of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors of persistent USBE cohort compared with longer-length segment BE and those with a negative follow-up EGD after index USBE with χ 2 tests and logistic regression models. Last, we calculated the prevalence and …

Two Decades Of Diagnostic Safety Research: Advances, Challenges, And Next Steps, Sundas Khan, Andrea Bradford, Christina L Cifra, Hardeep Singh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Since the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) report Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, various research efforts have accelerated progress to understand and improve diagnostic safety. In this opinion piece, we summarize two decades of progress in methods for identifying and learning from diagnostic errors and provide recommendations for future research. Multiple methods have been used to quantify diagnostic errors in various clinical settings, thereby facilitating a deeper understanding of the nature and magnitude of the problem and enabling studies of contributing factors. However, the use of standardized definitions of a diagnostic error and/or diagnostic safety event, …

Molecular Mechanisms In Masld/Mash-Related Hcc, Xiaobo Wang, Liang Zhang, Bingning Dong

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and ranks as the sixth most prevalent cancer type globally. NAFLD or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and its more severe manifestation, NASH or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), pose a significant global health concern, affecting approximately 20%-25% of the population. The increased prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and MASH is parallel to the increasing rates of obesity-associated metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and fatty liver diseases. MASH can progress to MASH-related HCC (MASH-HCC) in about 2% of cases each year, influenced by various factors such …

Single-Nucleus Mrna-Sequencing Reveals Dynamics Of Lipogenic And Thermogenic Adipocyte Populations In Murine Brown Adipose Tissue In Response To Cold Exposure, Janina Behrens, Tongtong Wang, Christoph Kilian, Anna Worthmann, Mark A Herman, Joerg Heeren, Lorenz Adlung, Ludger Scheja

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective and methods: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) comprises a heterogeneous population of adipocytes and non-adipocyte cell types. To characterize these cellular subpopulations and their adaptation to cold, we performed single-nucleus mRNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) on interscapular BAT from mice maintained at room temperature or exposed to acute (24h) or chronic (10 days) cold (6 °C). To investigate the role of the de novo lipogenesis (DNL)-regulating transcription factor carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP), we analyzed control and brown adipocyte-specific ChREBP knockout mice.

Results: We identified different cell populations, including seven brown adipocyte subtypes with distinct metabolic profiles. One of them highly expressed ChREBP …

Do Investors Price Classification Shifting? An Indian Evidence, Manish Bansal, Asgar Ali

American Business Review

This study examines whether investors respond to classification shifting - an earnings management strategy where recurring items are misclassified as non-recurring to inflate core earnings - in the Indian capital market. Using a sample of 3085 firms listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange from 2000 to 2024, we investigate the pricing implications of both revenue and expense shifting through portfolio analysis and Fama-MacBeth cross-sectional regressions. Consistent with prior literature, we find that firms engaging in classification shifting, particularly revenue shifting, experience abnormal stock returns, suggesting investors demand a higher premium for holding the stocks of revenue shifters. However, expense shifting …

Cultural Property Protection As A National Security Enforcement Priority, Andrew C. Adams

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

Corporeal Property And The Limits Of Nagpra, M. Alexander Pearl

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

Seeing The Humanity In Each Object: Finding Justice Amid The Law, Gideon Taylor, Ruth J. Weinberger

Fordham Law Review

The restitution of Nazi-looted cultural and religious property remains an important aspect of providing a measure of justice for Holocaust victims and their heirs. The United States has played a leading role, from early postwar restitution efforts to shaping international principles, such as the Washington Conference Principles on Nazi-Confiscated Art (the “Washington Conference Principles”), the Terezin Declaration, and the recent Best Practices for the Washington Conference Principles. Yet restitution within the United States continues to rely largely on litigation, with varying outcomes and limited provenance research compared to some European countries. The following Essay examines America’s contributions and challenges and …